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previous training in the gymnasium at Elis. The enclosure bore the general name of Xystus, and within it there were special places destined for the runners, and separated from one another by plane-trees. The gymnasium contained three subdivisions, called respectively
Plethrium, Tetragonum, and Malco: the first so called from its dimensions, the second from its shape, and the third from the softness of the soil. In their Malco was the senate-house of the Eleians, called Lalichium from the name of its founders: it was also used for literary exhibitions.
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townships, eight according to Strabo, now removed to the capital, and built round the acropolis a new city, which they left undefended by walls, relying upon the sanctity of their country. At the same time the
Eleians were divided into a certain number of local tribes; or if the latter existed before, they now acquired for the first time political rights. The
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278:, who had formerly been taken from the aristocratic families, were now appointed, by lot, one from each of the local tribes; and the fluctuating number of the Hellanodicae shows the increase and decrease from time to time of the Eleian territory. It is probable that each of the three districts into which Elis was divided,
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to the agora and the
Hellanodicaeum. The agora was also called the hippodrome, because it was used for the exercise of horses. It was built in the ancient style, and, instead of being surrounded by an uninterrupted, series of stoae or colonnades, its stoae were separated, from one another by streets.
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When
Pausanias visited Elis, it was one of the most populous and splendid cities of Greece. By the mid-19th century, however, nothing of it remained except some masses of tile and mortar, several wrought blocks of stone and fragments of sculpture, and a square building about 20 feet (6.1 m) on
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followers appear to have settled on the height which later formed Elis's acropolis as the spot best adapted for ruling the country. From this time it was the residence of the kings, and of the aristocratic families who governed the country after the abolition of royalty. Elis was the only fortified
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occupied the greater part of the space between the river and the citadel. The gymnasium was a vast enclosure surrounded by a wall. It was by far the largest gymnasium in Greece, which is accounted for by the fact that all the athletes in the
Ancient Olympic Games were obliged to undergo a month's
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the exclusive privileges of the aristocratic families in Elis were abolished, and a democratic government established. Along with this revolution a great change took place in the city of Elis. The city appears to have been originally confined to the acropolis; but the inhabitants of many separate
290:, contained four tribes. This is in accordance with the fourfold ancient division of Hollow Elis, and with the twice four townships in the Pisatis. Pausanias in his account of the number of the Hellanodicae says that there were 12 Hellanodicae in 103rd Olympiad, which was immediately after the
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columns, was the usual resort of the
Hellanodicae during the day. Towards one end of this stoa to the left was the Hellanodicaeum, a building divided from the agora by a street, which was the official residence of the Hellanodicae, who received here instruction in their duties for ten months
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The theatre must have been on the slope of the acropolis: it is described by
Pausanias as lying between the agora and the Menius, which, if the name is not corrupt, must be the brook flowing down from the heights behind the old town. Near the theatre was a temple of
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the outside, which within is in the form of an octagon with niches. With such scanty remains it would be impossible to attempt any reconstruction of the city, and to assign to particular sites the buildings mentioned by
Pausanias.
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says that the
Peneius flowed through the city; but since no remains are now found on the right or northern bank, it is probable that all the public buildings were on the left bank of the river, more especially as
294:, when the Eleians recovered for a short time their ancient dominions, but that being shortly afterwards deprived of Triphylia by the Arcadians, the number of their tribes was reduced to eight.
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emerges from the hills into the plain, the valley of the river is contracted on the south by a projecting hill of a peaked form, and nearly 500 feet (150 m) in height. This hill was the
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of Elis, and commanded as well the narrow valley of the
Peneius as the open plain beyond. The ancient city lay at the foot of the hill, and extended across the river, as
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preceding the festival. There was another stoa in the agora called the Corcyraean stoa, because it had been built out of the tenth of some spoils taken from the
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382:, containing a statue of the goddess in gold and ivory by Pheidias. On the summit of the acropolis are the remains of a castle, in the walls of which
331:. It consisted of two rows of Doric columns, with a partition wall running between them: one side was open to the agora, and the other to a temple of
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on the coast. Some writers suppose that Ephyra was the more ancient name of Elis, but it appears to have been a different place, situated upon the
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The gymnasium had two principal entrances, one leading by the street called Siope or Silence to the baths, and the other above the
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noticed, when he visited in the 19th century, some fragments of Doric columns which probably belonged to the temple of Athena.
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town in the country; the rest of the inhabitants dwelt in unwalled villages, paying obedience to the ruling class at Elis.
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669:; H. A. Ormerod. Cambridge, Massachusetts; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann – via
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stood on the side of the river Peneius; and it is probable that the gymnasium and
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does not make any allusion to the river in his description of the city.
726:. Vol. 9 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 279.
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339:. In the open part of the agora, Pausanias mentions the temple of
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245:. Elis first became a place of importance upon the invasion of
335:, in which was a statue of the goddess in gold and ivory by
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Ancient city-state, capital city of the district of Elis
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The southern stoa, which consisted of a triple row of
343:, which was the principal temple in Elis, statues of
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389:In the immediate neighbourhood of Elis was
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183:. It was situated in the northwest of the
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699:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography
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155:, in the local dialect: Ϝᾶλις, Modern
371:, containing a statue of this god by
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400:The acropolis of Elis is now called
393:, where the tomb of the philosopher
211:Elis is mentioned as a town of the
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177:ancient polis (city-state) of Elis
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756:Former populated places in Greece
441:Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum
378:On the acropolis was a temple of
751:Populated places in ancient Elis
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640:Page numbers refer to those of
531:Page numbers refer to those of
465:Page numbers refer to those of
175:) was the capital city of the
38:Remains of the theatre of Elis
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746:Cities in ancient Peloponnese
665:. Vol. 6. Translated by
607:. Vol. 6. Translated by
576:. Vol. 5. Translated by
351:(Sun and Moon), a temple of
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696:, ed. (1854–1857). "Elis".
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638:. Vol. viii. p. 337.
463:. Vol. viii. p. 337.
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69:Shown within Peloponnese
723:Encyclopædia Britannica
671:Perseus Digital Library
613:Perseus Digital Library
582:Perseus Digital Library
274:, or presidents of the
237:, in the interior, and
761:Locations in the Iliad
708:Gardner, Ernest Arthur
702:. London: John Murray.
663:Description of Greece
605:Description of Greece
574:Description of Greece
505:Bibliotheca historica
301:Strabo says that the
276:Ancient Olympic Games
109:37.89131°N 21.37493°E
741:Ancient Greek cities
507:(Historical Library)
554:. Vol. 3.2.27.
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509:. Vol. 11.54.
488:. Vol. 2.615.
267:Greco-Persian Wars
221:Catalogue of Ships
191:. Just before the
114:37.89131; 21.37493
421:Eupolemos of Elis
404:in Greek and the
292:Battle of Leuctra
233:the residence of
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129:Ancient Elis
125:Part of
635:Geographica
526:Geographica
460:Geographica
397:was shown.
329:Corcyraeans
280:Hollow Elis
185:Peloponnese
149:Doric Greek
112: /
88:Coordinates
82:Peloponnese
735:Categories
427:References
410:Belvedere.
402:Kalokaspoi
373:Praxiteles
353:the Graces
100:21°22′30″E
97:37°53′29″N
655:Pausanias
597:Pausanias
566:Pausanias
551:Hellenica
444:12.371.38
406:Venetians
303:gymnasium
288:Triphylia
239:Buprasium
206:Pausanias
197:acropolis
166:romanized
710:(1911).
657:(1918).
599:(1918).
568:(1918).
546:Xenophon
369:Dionysus
337:Pheidias
319:Achilles
315:cenotaph
259:Aetolian
257:and his
720:(ed.).
691::
618:et seq.
357:Silenus
284:Pisatis
251:Dorians
249:by the
235:Augeias
223:in the
219:in the
193:Peneius
189:Arcadia
168::
659:"24.5"
630:Strabo
601:"23.1"
521:Strabo
455:Strabo
395:Pyrrho
380:Athena
349:Selene
345:Helios
286:, and
255:Oxylus
231:Ephyra
201:Strabo
78:Region
716:. In
570:"9.5"
485:Iliad
480:Homer
391:Petra
361:Hades
324:Doric
307:agora
243:Ladon
226:Iliad
217:Homer
213:Epeii
179:, in
172:Elida
161:Ήλιδα
157:Greek
586:- 6.
347:and
153:Ἆλις
145:Ἦλις
137:Elis
63:Elis
26:Ἦλις
20:Elis
317:of
215:by
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661:.
632:.
603:.
572:.
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