22:
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possible women architects to assist her on the
Stratford design, was instrumental in opening up the profession to women. Scott was not an outspoken feminist but was identified with the progressive movement to overturn traditional assumptions about women and the professions. She was by nature more of a quiet and practical feminist, ensuring that women were represented on her design projects and working through the
138:, herself an architect, claimed in a late interview that the competition entry had been falsely "submitted under Scott's name", suggesting that all research into the practical requirements of theatre function had been her father's. Maurice Chesterton himself "disclaimed any personal share whatever in the successful design". Scott was assisted by two fellow AA students:
165:(a member of the SMT committee notwithstanding his earlier telegram of congratulations to its chairman on having the unsuitable old building burnt down) was a firm supporter of Scott's design as the only one to show any theatrical sense. Scott herself acknowledged that in her design she had not intended to conceal the functionality of the building.
236:
In 1924, when Scott entered practice, there were no prominent women architects and her selection for the project to rebuild the
Shakespeare Memorial Theatre after it was destroyed by fire was only through her success in an international competition. Her achievement, and her decision to employ where
125:
In 1927, a competition for a replacement to the burnt-out
Shakespeare Memorial Theatre was announced and Scott entered, with a confidence in her own abilities taken from the sound theoretical grounding at the Architectural Association's school. At the time, she was working for Maurice Chesterton's
176:
and stage designer Norman
Wilkinson (1882–1934, since 1920 a governor of the SMT)—found that it was curiously difficult to connect with their audience: evidently the large, plain expanse of the cream-painted side walls had the effect of diffusing attention from the stage. Only in 1951, when the
161:, then 75, was to be the theatre's new musical director but, after visiting the building, he so was furiously angry with that "awful female" and her "unspeakably ugly and wrong" design that he would have nothing further to do with it, refusing even to go inside. On the other hand, dramatist
211:
Scott was joined in the partnership by John
Breakwell and—as John Shepherd and Alison Sleigh had married—the practice became "Scott, Shepherd and Breakwell". None of their subsequent commissions had the prominence of the SMT, although their 1938 work on the Fawcett Building at
191:
From today's viewpoint the theatre, now called the Royal
Shakespeare Theatre, is regarded as a "nationally significant building" representing the "best modern municipal style of architecture". It was made a Grade II* listed building on 14 October 1980.
181:
seating was extended along the sides, was this overcome. However, the building's lack of "meaningless decoration" was one of the features enthusiastically praised in the special June 1932 edition of the modernist
224:, working with the practice of Ronald Phillips & Partners. In the 1960s, she joined the public sector, working for Bournemouth Borough Architect's Department on such projects as the new Pavilion Theatre on
74:, the architect of Liverpool Cathedral. She was educated at home until the age of fourteen, when she enrolled at the Redmoor School, Bournemouth. In 1919, she became one of the early students at the
769:
876:
168:
Although most criticism was directed at the building's external form, in the auditorium the performers—although acknowledging that Scott had been at the mercy of her theatrical advisors:
142:
and John Chiene
Shepherd. On winning the competition (against seventy-one other entries) the four formed a partnership to prepare the detailed plans and supervise the construction.
228:. These relatively mundane schemes were no reflection of Scott's early talent; largely forgotten, she was "unable to live up to her perceived early promise". She retired in 1968.
90:
Scott's first position was with the architects David Niven and
Herbert Wigglesworth, a practice specialising in the Scandinavian style. In turn she became an assistant to
1026:
241:
to promote wider acceptance. Above anything else, she disliked being labelled as a 'female architect' rather than simply an 'architect'. Elisabeth was a
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suggested that, although the design reflected the building's purpose, its bulk in the small town was "startling...monstrous brutal."
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130:, London, and Chesterton agreed to oversee her proposals for feasibility. (Maurice Chesterton was a cousin of the theatre's publicist
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In
November 2015 it was announced Elisabeth Scott would be one of only two prominent British women (the other being
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770:"The extraordinary Elisabeth Scott: why pioneering Bournemouth architect would have hated starring in new passport"
649:
213:
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21:
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43:
33:
877:"New UK passport changes: Shakespeare, Anish Kapoor and Ada Lovelace part of 'most secure design ever issued'"
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did not agree, observing how well the building "adapt itself to the lines of the river and landscape". Sir
225:
452:
50:, England. This was the first important public building in Britain to be designed by a female architect.
323:
Walker, Lynne (2000). "Women and
Architecture". In Borden, Iain; Penner, Barbara; Rendell, Jane (eds.).
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173:
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516:
1001:
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62:, England, one of ten children of Bernard Scott, a surgeon. She was a great-niece of the architects
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650:"Memorandum submitted by English Heritage to the Select Committee on Culture, Media and Sport"
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265:) to be featured in the design of the new UK passport, to be used for the next 5 years.
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In 1936, she married George Richards. She died in Bournemouth on 19 June 1972.
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410:
Elizabeth Whitworth Scott The Architect of the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre
386:
153:
127:
111:
42:(20 September 1898 – 19 June 1972) was a British architect who designed the
957:
The Theatres of Stratford-upon-Avon 1875 – 1992: An Architectural History
217:
598:; Pottle, Mark (2004). "Wilkinson, Norman (1882–1934), stage designer".
809:
740:"A stage of her own: Elisabeth Scott and the Royal Shakespeare Theatre"
325:
Gender space architecture : an interdisciplinary introduction
245:
and an active member of Soroptimist International of Bournemouth.
199:
28:
20:
706:
Roach, J. P. C., ed. (1959). "The colleges and halls: Newnham".
610:(online ed.). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
499:
Staff writer (30 November 1931). "The Shakespeare Memorial".
362:(2004). "Scott, Elisabeth Whitworth (1898–1972), architect".
384:
Staff writer (6 January 1928). "The Shakespeare Memorial".
709:
A History of the County of Cambridge and the Isle of Ely
102:, Hertfordshire (where she worked on the design for the
937:
The Royal Shakespeare Company: A History of Ten Decades
327:(2000 ed.). London: Routledge. pp. 254, 257.
971:
The Shakespeare Memorial Theatre, Stratford-upon-Avon
804:Miles, Jeremy. "A thoroughly modernist architect".
434:Staff writer (6 January 1928). "Miss Scott's aim".
934:
875:Eleftheriou-Smith, Loulla-Mae (3 November 2015).
851:"New Passport in Britain Puts Women in 2nd Class"
680:"Details from listed building database (1207396)"
297:(22 April 1932). "Shakespeare Memorial Theatre".
825:"New UK passport design features just two women"
764:
762:
403:"Whitworth Scott's role in the winning design"
849:De Freytas-Tamura, Kimiko (4 November 2015).
733:
731:
8:
941:. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
25:Portrait of architect Elisabeth Scott, 1928.
808:. No. January 2020. Norwich, England:
543:Beauman (1982: 100), quoted in Stamp (2004)
145:The reaction to Scott's design was mixed.
902:"Introducing the new UK passport design"
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412:(MPhil). University of Bath. p. 91
365:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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959:, Stratford upon Avon Society (1994)
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401:Howard, Sarah Collins (August 2009).
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823:Davies, Caroline (3 November 2015).
738:Darley, Gillian (29 January 2011).
517:"Trial flight for the Swan of Avon"
685:National Heritage List for England
14:
1027:Modernist architects from England
563:Architecture, Actor, and Audience
134:.) Maurice Chesterton's daughter
969:Jellicoe, Geoffrey Alan (1933),
1007:20th-century English architects
567:. London: Routledge. pp.
451:Wilson, Richard (4 May 2017).
82:, London, graduating in 1924.
1:
978:Women architects: their work
624:UK public library membership
121:Shakespeare Memorial Theatre
44:Shakespeare Memorial Theatre
636:quoted in Mackintosh (1993)
484:Howard (2009) pages 186–190
453:"Bonfire in Merrie England"
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368:. Oxford University Press.
220:period, Scott returned to
214:Newnham College, Cambridge
206:Newnham College, Cambridge
1037:Scott family (architects)
76:Architectural Association
40:Elisabeth Whitworth Scott
34:Royal Shakespeare Theatre
1017:British feminist artists
1012:British women architects
1022:People from Bournemouth
955:Pringle, Marian :
714:Victoria County History
148:The Manchester Guardian
68:George Frederick Bodley
976:Walker, Lynne (1984),
616:10.1093/ref:odnb/36906
457:London Review of Books
208:
104:Shredded Wheat Factory
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275:Women in architecture
216:, is of note. In the
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170:William Bridges-Adams
70:and second cousin of
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24:
907:. HM Passport Office
505:(45993). London: 13.
390:(44783). London: 12.
185:Architectural Review
136:Elizabeth Chesterton
64:George Gilbert Scott
440:(44783). London: 8.
163:George Bernard Shaw
72:Giles Gilbert Scott
48:Stratford-upon-Avon
855:The New York Times
794:Walker (1999: 244)
716:. pp. 493–495
459:. pp. 15–17.
295:Richardson, Albert
209:
204:Fawcett Building,
58:Scott was born in
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27:
1032:English feminists
776:. 4 November 2015
622:(Subscription or
596:Armfield, Maxwell
578:978-0-415-03183-7
92:Louis de Soissons
78:'s new school in
16:British architect
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525:. 27 March 1932
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300:The Builder
257:UK passport
243:Soroptimist
222:Bournemouth
115:Oliver Hill
96:garden city
60:Bournemouth
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860:6 November
834:3 November
780:6 November
626:required.)
281:References
110:) and the
54:Early life
502:The Times
465:0260-9592
437:The Times
387:The Times
154:The Times
128:Hampstead
112:modernist
933:(1982).
911:3 August
678:(2007).
559:(1993).
416:27 April
269:See also
232:Feminism
218:Post-war
106:, now a
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810:Archant
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470:14 May
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307:: 718.
249:Family
100:Welwyn
86:Career
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418:2020
329:ISBN
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