31:, or the religious symbols and beliefs of the masses. Elite religion is then the "official religion" as championed by the leaders of a religion. Some researchers see the concept as potentially applying to a range of internal religious divisions such as
69:. Elite religion's ideology is characterized as internally unified, while the beliefs or ideas that underlie different religious folk rituals may be incompatible with one another. Folk religious practices concerning key rituals, such as
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is defined as the symbols, rituals and beliefs which are recognized as legitimate by the leadership of that religion. Elite religion is often contrasted with
174:
Schoenfeld, S. (1987). Folk
Judaism, elite Judaism and the role of bar mitzvah in the development of the synagogue and Jewish school in America.
152:
Duffy, E. (2006). Elite and popular religion: The Book of Hours and lay piety in the Later Middle Ages. Studies in Church
History, 42, 140-161.
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Whereas the primary expression of elite religion is in religious ideology, folk religion is primarily expressed in
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theorized that the strengthening of elite religion over members of a particular group led to the growth of
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Bock, Wilbur. "Symbols in
Conflict: Official versus Folk Religion,"
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Liebman, C. S. (1970). Reconstructionism in
American Jewish Life.
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ceremonies, may become the object of intense elite criticism.
47:, or between the religion's wealthy adherents and the poor.
107: – Religion as practiced in everyday life
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143:. Jewish Publication Society. (1973): 83-86.
125:Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion
16:Form of a religion the leaders deem official
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101: – Correct conduct in religions
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77:Strengthening denominationalism
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163:The American Jewish Year Book
141:The Ambivalent American Jew
51:Contrast with folk religion
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127:5 (Spring 1966): 204-12.
194:Sociology of religion
176:Contemporary Jewry
139:Liebman, Charles.
87:denominationalism
63:religious rituals
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39:, between the
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112:References
99:Orthopraxy
37:heterodoxy
33:orthodoxy
21:sociology
188:Category
93:See also
43:and the
165:, 3-99.
67:symbols
35:versus
41:clergy
45:laity
65:and
19:In
190::
132:^
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23:,
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