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that the works could then be made into lithographic reproductions. In addition to this, Elizabeth also made watercolor paintings accompanied with color keys for colorists to copy. All of this group were enthused with the depiction and scientific illustration of the unknown animals found on
European expeditions, especially the novelties in English collections of Australian birds and mammals. Once proficient with the art form, she created illustrations from John's more rudimentary drawings. Elizabeth's knowledge of art and her skills were not handed to her by her husband. John and Elizabeth's skills were complementary and the pair worked together to create significant advances in the world of natural history and ornithology. The Goulds skillfully appealed to the aesthetic value of nature while educating those around them of new species. They nurtured a want for the representations of birds and other species within their works. In her eleven year career(1830-1841) she designed, lithographed, and painted more than 650 plates which appeared in:
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375:) was employed by John Gould following Elizabeth's passing. He worked on completing the illustrations in The Birds of Australia. The sketches of Elizabeth and H.C. Richter are notably difficult to distinguish from each other. Likely, her sketches informed the work of H.C. Richter. Though new artists were found to illustrate John's books, it is evident that he was devastated by the loss of Elizabeth. He never remarried and honored his wife for how much she provided to his work.
431:) were named in her honor. John Gould named the Gouldian Finch in memory of his wife, stating "It was with feelings of the purest affection that I ventured, in the folio edition, to dedicate this lovely bird to the memory of my late wife, who for many years laboriously assisted me with her pencil, accompanied me to Australia, and cheerfully interested herself in all my pursuits." Mrs. Gould's sunbird was also named for Elizabeth, this time by
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There is a growing body of critical research exploring the attribution of
Elizabeth's work to her husband. His own role in producing the lithographs has been questioned and examples of his style of drawing have been submitted to suggest that the actual drawing and coloring is likely the sole work of
229:
to teach her. The extent of Lear's direct influence on the artist is uncertain, but they moved in a circle of artists and natural historians working on similar publications. Elizabeth's work entailed making designs, compositions, and detailed observations of depictions of exotic birds. This was so
243:(1832–37). 380 plates. For this book, live (caged) birds were available for her reference. This is when her signature style of ornate backgrounds and realistic shading were first realized. Lithography allowed for more realistic textures, such as feathers and fluff.
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stated, "Cultivated women drew, walked, observed, collected specimens, arranged and painted." After this, at twenty-two, Elizabeth was employed as a governess, and lived in James Street, London. It is known that she met John Gould through her brother,
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221:. With lack of a publisher, the Goulds decided to publish it themselves. In the early days of the couple's relationship/partnership, Elizabeth provided an income for her family through selling her drawings. John encouraged her to learn
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includes a number of attributions to "J & E Gould." However, scholars feel that
Elizabeth's exhaustive work creating an archive of preparatory drawings for the lithographs before her death was not adequately recognized.
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275:(1837–38). 84 plates, as well as an unspecified number of designs. This was the Gould's biggest and most ambitious project. Elizabeth sketched these subjects alive. Her most famous work is an image of the
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The
Zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle, under the command of Captain Fitzroy, R.N., during the years 1832 to 1836: Published with the approval of the Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury
153:; 18 July 1804 – 15 August 1841), was a British artist and illustrator at the forefront of the natural history movement. Elizabeth traveled and worked alongside her husband, naturalist and author
406:, the letters reveal her as a charming, cultured, a musically and artistically talented woman. Although the Goulds spent less than two years in Australia, the monumental seven-volume publication
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1403:"Elizabeth Gould · John Gould: Bird Illustration in the Age of Darwin · KU Libraries Exhibits". exhibits.lib.ku.edu. Archived from the original on 24 October 2018. Retrieved 27 December 2018.
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She bore one son while living in
Australia, and gave birth to their eighth child when they returned to England in 1840. Elizabeth did not live to see the completion of her research, dying of
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Her early illustrations have been described as stiff, but subsequently improved with experience. They remained quite formal compositions due to their use in ornithological classification.
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Gould, John; Sturm, Johann
Heinrich Christian Friedrich; Sturm, Johann Wilhelm; Owen, Richard; Wagner, Rudolph; Gould, Elizabeth; Lear, Edward; Flachenecker, J. C.; Stadler, Fr (1841).
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Ashley, M. (2014). Elizabeth Gould, zoological artist 1840-1848: Unsettling critical depictions of John Gould's "laborious assistant" and "devoted wife." Hecate, 39(1/2), 101–122.
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in 1944. Little was known about her until 1938 when a collection of her letters written from
Australia was discovered. These letters were the basis for the book. Now housed in the
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Bell, Thomas; Darwin, Charles; Owen, Richard; Waterhouse, G. R.; Gould, John; Eyton, T. C.; Blomefield, Leonard; Scharf, George; Hawkins, B. Waterhouse, eds. (1839).
196:, England to a military family. Little is known of her early life, however it is likely that Elizabeth underwent training in drawing and botany from a young age. In
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was acknowledged on every lithograph with the attribution "Drawn from Nature and on Stone by E. Gould." Subsequent collections used "J & E Gould."
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Elizabeth was a skilled artist in drawing, watercolor painting and lithography. She aided her husband in illustrating many of his books.
1381:"Elizabeth Gould, zoological artist 1840-1848: Unsettling critical depictions of John Gould's 'laborious assistant' and 'devoted wife'"
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drawings intended to supplement John's ornithological writing in letters to colleagues. Her first published work was in 1832 with
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285:(1840–48). Many of the 681 hand-coloured plates prepared by Gould have been digitised by the State Library of New South Wales.
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The Goulds and the oldest of their surviving 4 children travelled to
Australia in 1838. Elizabeth spent much of her time in
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Gould, John; Gould, Elizabeth; Hullmandel, Charles Joseph; Goodall, Joseph; Richard and John Edward Taylor (Firm) (1835).
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Icones avium, or, Figures and descriptions of new and interesting species of birds from various parts of the globe
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Icones avium, or, Figures and descriptions of new and interesting species of birds from various parts of the globe
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306:. While John travelled extensively collecting specimens, Elizabeth drew and painted specimens. Her brother
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Striated
Acanthiza (Acanthiza lineata) illustrated by Elizabeth Gould for John Gould's Birds of Australia.
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Gould, John; Gould, Elizabeth; Hullmandel, Charles Joseph; Richard and John Edward Taylor (Firm) (1837).
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Cacatua Eos (Rose-breasted
Cockatoo) illustrated by Elizabeth Gould for John Gould's Birds of Australia.
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200:, botany and natural history were part of the education of girls in middle-class English families. As
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1415:"Review: The Birdman's Wife by Melissa Ashley and The Atomic Weight of Love by Elizabeth J Church"
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796:"Elizabeth Gould · John Gould: Bird Illustration in the Age of Darwin · KU Libraries Exhibits"
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Mrs Elizabeth Gould collection of drawings of Australian plants, flowers and foliage, 1838-42
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Linda Hall Library Portraits of 12 Scientific Illustrators from the 17th to the 21st Century
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A copy of A Century of Birds from the Himalaya Mountains, illustrated by Gould, property of
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While in Australia, Elizabeth made hundreds of drawings from specimens for the publications
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in January 1829, both 24 years old. Elizabeth began her professional work-life by producing
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Works by John and Elizabeth Gould held by the Royal Geographical Society of South Australia
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261:, pt. III. Birds (1838). Gould created all 50 plates for this work but is uncredited.
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The most sizeable collection of drawings made by Elizabeth Gould is her work for
1307:"Meet Elizabeth Gould, the Gifted Artist Behind Her Husband's Famous Bird Books"
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was offered for auction by Chrisities estimate £20,000-£30,000 in July 2023.
237:(1831 and 1832). 80 plates. For this book, she worked with taxidermied birds.
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983:. Vol. 2. London: Printed by R. and J.E. Taylor, pub. by the author.
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An example of the highly precise coloring and sheen in Elizabeth's use of
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Portraits of 12 Scientific Illustrators from the 17th to the 21st Century
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An example of a lithograph with attribution shared between Elizabeth and
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919:"John Gould (1804-81) - A Century of birds from the Himalaya Mountains"
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J. Gould's Monographie der Ramphastiden oder Tukanartigen Voegel
889:"A Century of Birds from the Himalaya Mountains | work by Gould"
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https://search.informit.org/doi/10.3316/informit.861095316895401
708:. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University.
491:, the novel won the University of Queensland Fiction Book Award.
435:, a friend of the Gould's and contributor to John Gould's work.
1156:. : Published by the author, 20, Broad Street, Golden Square.
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A synopsis of the birds of Australia, and the adjacent islands
1359:"Christies Live Auction 22680 Valuable Books and Manuscripts"
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Elizabeth. Her role as sole artist of their first collection
173:. In total, Elizabeth is accredited to at least 650 works.
339:, as well as illustrations for the ornithology volume of
487:, Affirm Press, 2016, historical fiction. In the 2017
1228:, Volume 1, Melbourne University Press, 1966, p. 465.
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Only 6 of the Gould's children survived to adulthood.
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A Monograph of the Ramphastidae, or Family of Toucans
1492:"Elizabeth Gould: 'mother' of Australian bird study"
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Gould, Elizabeth; Gould, John; Lear, Edward (1837).
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by original subscription and held ever since by the
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also immigrated to Australia, where he and his wife
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A monograph of the Trogonidae, or family of trogons
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A Monograph of the Trogonidae, or family of trogons
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1012:. Nürnberg: Gedruckt auf Kosten der Herausgeber.
1240:The Business of Nature: John Gould and Australia
720:– via Australian Dictionary of Biography.
951:A century of birds from the Himalaya Mountains
848:. Suffolk: ACC art books. pp. 15, 71–72.
846:The natural history of Edward Lear (1812-1888)
461:A Century of Birds from the Himalaya Mountains
235:A Century of Birds from the Himalaya Mountains
219:A Century of Birds from the Himalaya Mountains
371:before her death. Henry Constantine Richter (
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412:remains the definitive work on the subject.
16:English artist, illustrator and lithographer
1070:. London: Published by Smith, Elder and Co.
364:shortly after the birth of her last child.
209:, who was also an taxidermist. She married
1242:. Canberra: National Library of Australia.
259:The Zoology of the Voyage of H.M.S. Beagle
164:The Zoology of the Voyage of H.M.S. Beagle
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1481:"Elizabeth Gould: An Accomplished Woman."
454:Attribution and contemporary scholarship
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948:Gould, Elizabeth; Gould, John (1831).
192:Elizabeth was born on 18 July 1804 in
1413:Johnston, Dorothy (4 November 2016).
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899:from the original on 21 October 2020
806:from the original on 24 October 2018
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712:from the original on 24 October 2018
265:A Synopsis of the Birds of Australia
1457:from the original on 9 October 2017
1087:. London: Published by the author.
929:from the original on 11 August 2022
346:Zoology of the Voyage of HMS Beagle
1225:Australian Dictionary of Biography
1193:from the original on 27 March 2017
706:Australian Dictionary of Biography
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1131:from the original on 4 April 2019
1016:from the original on 11 July 2022
279:(then known as the blue warbler).
255:(1835–38). Most of the 36 plates.
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987:from the original on 6 July 2022
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394:A complete account of her life,
320:Queensland Philosophical Society
1542:John Gould's Birds of Australia
1484:Unbound: Smithsonian Libraries
1305:Wetzel, Corryn (14 May 2021).
1213:Gould, Elizabeth (1804 - 1841)
733:"Botany in the Breakfast Room"
702:"Gould, Elizabeth (1804–1841)"
367:Gould completed 84 plates for
333:A Monograph of the Macropodidæ
314:, who were also interested in
21:Elizabeth Gould (psychologist)
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1597:19th-century British painters
1499:The National Library Magazine
1490:Russell, Roslyn (June 2009).
396:The Story of Elizabeth Gould,
167:and the Goulds' seminal work
1519:The story of Elizabeth Gould
844:Peck, R. McCracken (2006).
475:Portrayals in popular media
225:and asked his collaborator
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1450:Queensland Literary Awards
1339:. The University of Kansas
769:. The University of Kansas
489:Queensland Literary Awards
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1379:Ashley, Melissa (2014).
661:List of wildlife artists
379:Legacy and commemoration
318:, became members of the
177:Life and artistic career
19:Not to be confused with
1587:Australian bird artists
1567:Scientific illustrators
1445:"Winners and finalists"
1238:Russel, Roslyn (2011).
1124:(1): 4–5. Autumn 2018.
893:Encyclopedia Britannica
742:. University of Warwick
1517:Chisholm, A.H. (1944)
1041:. London: The Author.
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409:The Birds of Australia
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369:The Birds of Australia
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283:The Birds of Australia
272:The Birds of Australia
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122:The Birds of Australia
1479:Newman, Alexandra K.
1419:Sydney Morning Herald
1393:– via Informit.
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291:(1837–38). 20 plates.
267:(1837–38).120 plates.
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93:Kensal Green Cemetery
1602:Deaths in childbirth
1592:British bird artists
1582:People from Ramsgate
1562:English illustrators
1280:State Library of NSW
1081:Gould, John (1837).
425:Mrs. Gould's sunbird
1282:. 8 December 2017.
980:The Birds of Europe
868:Australian Museum.
800:exhibits.lib.ku.edu
337:Family of Kangaroos
241:The Birds of Europe
1276:"Splendid Species"
1262:2017-03-27 at the
1253:Linda Hall Library
1218:2007-02-14 at the
1187:Linda Hall Library
1111:"Splendid species"
875:2006-09-01 at the
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485:The Birdman's Wife
468:Birds of Australia
440:Sir Stephen Glynne
429:Aethopyga gouldiae
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328:Birds of Australia
249:(1834). 24 plates.
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1333:"Elizabeth Gould"
1331:Ashley, Melissa.
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761:Ashley, Melissa.
421:Chloebia gouldiae
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1572:1804 births
1290:28 December
1118:SL Magazine
810:27 December
227:Edward Lear
223:lithography
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1556:Categories
1523:Gould, E.
1509:17 January
1343:27 October
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1197:24 October
954:. London.
923:www.rct.uk
773:27 October
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687:References
446:family of
389:John Gould
277:fairy wren
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133:John Gould
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