339:
petition to the Board of Police. The Board of Police cited the City
Charter of 1866's Rules and Regulations for Patrol Duty, which established a rotation of six-hours shifts and stated that the authority to alter patrol duty laid solely with the board, reached a decision which overruled Washburn. However, Washburn refused to remind this order. In response, on January 27, 1873, the three police commissioners unanimously charged Washburn with "neglect of duty, incompetence, disobedience of the orders of the Board of police; violations of the rules and regulations of the Board by enforcing orders unauthorized by the Board of Police...and conduct unbecoming a police officer." They moved to suspend Washburn pending a trial on these charges, and appointed Police Secretary Ward as acting superintendent.
384:
343:
allowing Medill the power to block the board from suspending
Washburn. The board objected to this. In response, on January 29, Medill ordered the removal of Commission Klokke. After Klokke argued that he had been elected in November and that the mayor lacked the authority to remove him, Medill responded by removing Commissioner Reno as well. Medill then ordered that officers and patrolmen of the city recognize Washburn as superintendent, and ordered that Washburn resume his duties. After they refused to declare obedience to Washburn, Captains Michael C. Hickey and Fred Gund were promptly dismissed by Medill from the police force. Medill appointed a new captain of the First District, Simon O'Donnell, to replace Hickey. But the sergeants of the First District refused to obey O'Donnell.
310:
351:, spoke in support of Medill and Washburn. Ultimately, the department's officers relented to submit to Washburn's command. The City Council backed Medill and Washburn, and upheld Medill's appointment of new commissioners to replace Klokke and Reno. The newly comprised police board dismissed the charges against Washburn. The City Council also upheld the firing of Sergeants
342:
Washburn still found the strong support of mayor Medill after the commissioner had voted to suspend him and press him with charges. Medill and the city's
Corporation Counsel both argued that the state law had given the mayor power to retain officers of the force against the wishes of the board, thus
301:
During the power struggle within the department, police commissioners challenged
Washburn's authority to change patrol duty and order raids on the city's gambling dens. They made an effort to force Washburn's resignation, but he retained enough backing from the Committee of Seventy and mayor Medill
317:
His association with mayor Medill further harmed
Washburn's standing with the police force. Medill had originally vetoed a City Council Ordinance that would allow the City Council to refund the amounts that patrolmen had to pay the City Treasury for items necessary to their duty, such as belts and
305:
In
January 1873, the Chicago City Council passed an ordinance allowing anyone arrested to secure their release by posting a special bail double the amount of the highest fine they could incur. The ordinance allowed the money to be deposited with the officer in charge of the police station they had
252:
had been persuaded by the city's
Committee of Seventy, a citizen's group, to fire General Superintendent of Police William Wallace Kennedy and replace him with Washburn. Formally, on July 29, 1872, Kennedy resigned as Chicago's General Superintendent of Police, and the mayor appointed Washburn as
297:
Washburn accused
Captain Michael C. Hickey of releasing prisoners and holding recovered stolen goods, and Brought him before the Board of Police Commissioners on these charges. This proved unsuccessful for Washburn, as the case against Hickey fell apart after two days of testimony, and Hickey was
293:
Washburn made attempts to reform the city's police force, but this was met with resistance in the department, which weakened
Washburn's practical authority. Washburn's first attempt at reform was to prohibit police from accepting fines or bail from those they arrested. This order was difficult to
338:
Washburn created another dispute within the department when he made an attempt to require officers to work uninterrupted twelve-hour patrols. Officers submitted a petition to the city council signed by 450 officers and men. The City
Council, lacking authority over police work rules, referred the
253:
interim General Superintendent of Police. On August 12, 1872, he was made permanent General Superintendent. While he had had no experience as either a police nor any experience working with the city of Chicago, he had strong support of the Committee of Seventy who had lobbied the
370:
newspapers accused Washburn of forcing a Wisconsin businessman named Wheeler to pay the police department $ 200 for the return of stolen goods. While he was eventually cleared of any criminal wrongdoing, a select committee of the Chicago City Council recommended he be
318:
clubs. He only agreed to sign the ordinance after the City Council agreed to add an amendment that policemen would have to pay for these items if they did not return them in good condition. This episode had engendered resentment among many in the force towards Medill.
31:
346:
On February 4, amid the leadership strife, the Committee of Seventy arranged for a mass meeting to be held to support Medill and Washburn's authority over the police force. The meeting was well attended, and prominent speakers, including former mayor
355:, Bishoff, Douglass, and Macauley that had followed the orders of the board of commissioners and their Acting Superintendent Ward over the orders of Medill and Washburn. Once they agreed to obey Washburn, Hickey and Gund were rehired.
325:
tables. The courts ultimately sided with the gambling establishments, finding that, while Washburn had the authority to restrict gambling and to arrest people for practicing it, he did not have the authority to seize property without
932:
1213:
436:, and helped to weaken the agency's ultimate authority. However, by late 1886, he had been persuaded to now side in favor of having a more powerful agency operate in place of the Bureau of Animal Agency.
298:
restored to the lesser rank of sergeant. This further harmed Washburn's standing with the police force, since Hickey was a well-respected officer. This led to a power struggle in the police department.
497:
Biography of Elihu Benjamin Washburne Congressman, Secretary of State, Envoy Extraordinary: Volume Six: Remaining Years in France as American Minister by Mark Washburne Xlibris Corporation, Oct 14, 2016
925:
93:
1203:
918:
383:
941:
196:
43:
675:
652:
613:
406:
1139:
348:
1208:
891:
827:
1131:
1067:
712:
440:
321:
Owners of gambling establishments that had been raided by Washburn sued him for the return of gambling implements such as
204:
392:
473:
237:
433:
261:
230:
200:
1218:
743:
199:
from 1874 through 1876. Before serving as chief of the United States Secret Service, Washburn had headed the
273:
151:
910:
429:, heading the Chicago Live Stock Exchange and serving as president of the Union Stock Yards National Bank.
279:
On October 11, 1872, the police commissioners, under pressure from the Committee of Seventy to enforce
1035:
995:
1223:
254:
770:
1051:
444:
644:
The Gambler King of Clark Street: Michael C. McDonald and the Rise of Chicago's Democratic Machine
1171:
987:
1099:
1091:
887:
823:
728:
708:
702:
648:
609:
426:
1163:
1115:
1059:
1019:
1011:
961:
396:
322:
76:
64:
358:
After this power struggle was resolved, Washburn abandoned the idea of twelve-hour shifts.
1155:
1107:
1083:
1027:
953:
676:"The Secret Service.; Report of Chief Washburn the Work of the Division for the Past Year"
410:
387:
Washburn's 1874 Secret Service credentials on display at the Secret Service's headquarters
306:
been taken to, despite this being a practice that Washburn had earlier attempted to stop.
223:
211:
1147:
1043:
1003:
642:
269:
144:
1197:
1123:
265:
249:
140:
309:
432:
In March 1884, Washburn lobbied the US Congress against the bill which created the
414:
203:
from 1872 through 1873. He would later run unsuccessfully for mayor of Chicago in
30:
881:
851:
817:
603:
327:
1075:
352:
283:, handed Washburn an order to enforce the blue laws, "as far as practicable".
130:
819:
Roger C. Sullivan and the Making of the Chicago Democratic Machine, 1881-1908
793:
367:
280:
287:
605:
The Rise of the Chicago Police Department: Class and Conflict, 1850-1894
443:, in which he placed fourth and was defeated by his cousin once-removed
1185:
Chief (1865–1965) · Director (1965–present) · # denotes acting director
372:
257:'s Committee on Judiciary and Police hard to approve his appointment.
382:
308:
914:
268:. However, he also served during the tenure of acting mayor
286:
In partnership with mayor Medill, Washburn cracked-down on
1214:
General Superintendents of the Chicago Police Department
942:
Chiefs and Directors of the United States Secret Service
244:
General Superintendent of the Chicago Police Department
94:
General Superintendent of the Chicago Police Department
771:"Even in death, Abe Lincoln is denied a peaceful rest"
608:. University of Illinois Press. pp. 94, 99–103.
16:
Chief of the United States Secret Service (1874–1876)
853:
History of Chicago: From the fire of 1871 until 1885
413:'s corpse. He also played a role in prosecution of
229:Washburn served as a vision superintendent for the
176:
166:
161:
136:
124:
114:
92:
82:
70:
60:
41:
21:
792:
886:. Harvard University Press. pp. 74 and 75.
704:The Assassination of Lincoln: History and Myth
1204:Directors of the United States Secret Service
926:
8:
468:
466:
464:
462:
460:
875:
873:
871:
195:was an American politician. He was the 3rd
933:
919:
911:
597:
595:
593:
591:
589:
587:
585:
583:
581:
579:
577:
575:
573:
571:
569:
567:
565:
563:
561:
559:
557:
555:
553:
551:
549:
547:
545:
543:
541:
539:
537:
535:
533:
531:
529:
527:
525:
523:
294:enforce, and was inconsistently enforced.
106:July 29, 1872 – December 29, 1873
29:
18:
636:
634:
632:
521:
519:
517:
515:
513:
511:
509:
507:
505:
503:
402:Washburn took office on October 1, 1874.
210:Washburn was a member of the illustrious
197:Chief of the United States Secret Service
44:Chief of the United States Secret Service
474:"HEADS OF THE CHICAGO POLICE DEPARTMENT"
264:was primarily under the tenure of mayor
456:
816:Morton, Richard Allen (29 June 2016).
797:. The Sacramento Bee. January 11, 1876
236:Washburn then served as warden of the
880:Olmstead, Alan L. (9 February 2015).
7:
493:
491:
439:Washburn unsuccessfully ran in the
109:(interim July 29 – August 12, 1872)
742:Kammen, Michael (5 January 2008).
222:Washburn was born a member of the
14:
850:Andreas, Alfred Theodore (1886).
260:Washburn's tenure as head of the
391:Washburn served as chief of the
56:October 1, 1874 – 1876
647:. SIU Press. pp. 37, 82.
1:
641:Lindberg, Richard C. (2009).
441:1891 Chicago mayoral election
425:Washburn got involved in the
856:. A. T. Andreas. p. 335
393:United States Secret Service
805:– via Newspapers.com.
405:Washburn helped thwart the
379:Chief of the Secret Service
272:, and in the early days of
1240:
1182:
948:
822:. McFarland. p. 41.
434:Bureau of Animal Industry
262:Chicago Police Department
231:Illinois Central Railroad
201:Chicago Police Department
186:
157:
99:
49:
37:
28:
1209:Politicians from Chicago
313:Illustration of Washburn
274:Harvey Doolittle Colvin
152:Harvey Doolittle Colvin
120:William Wallace Kennedy
982:John S. Bell (1888–90)
977:James Brooks (1876–88)
729:"The Princeton Review"
388:
314:
773:. Canton Daily Ledger
701:Lewis, Lloyd (1994).
602:Mitrani, Sam (2013).
386:
312:
218:Early life and career
794:"Whisky-Ring Broken"
302:to retain his post.
255:Chicago City Council
1140:William J. Callahan
883:Arresting Contagion
445:Hempstead Washburne
399:from 1874 to 1876.
366:In a 1873 scandal,
238:Joliet Penitentiary
1172:Ronald L. Rowe Jr.
988:Andrew L. Drummond
748:chicagotribune.com
680:The New York Times
389:
315:
1191:
1190:
1100:Brian L. Stafford
1092:Lewis C. Merletti
769:Eskridge, Larry.
750:. Chicago Tribune
682:. 4 December 1875
654:978-0-8093-8654-3
615:978-0-252-09533-7
427:Union Stock Yards
421:Subsequent career
190:
189:
180:November 24, 1918
1231:
1175:
1174:# (2024–present)
1167:
1164:Kimberly Cheatle
1159:
1151:
1143:
1135:
1127:
1119:
1116:Mark J. Sullivan
1111:
1103:
1095:
1087:
1079:
1071:
1063:
1060:H. Stuart Knight
1055:
1047:
1039:
1036:James J. Maloney
1031:
1023:
1020:William H. Moran
1015:
1012:William J. Flynn
1007:
999:
996:William P. Hazen
991:
983:
978:
973:
965:
962:Hiram C. Whitley
957:
935:
928:
921:
912:
905:
904:
902:
900:
877:
866:
865:
863:
861:
847:
841:
840:
838:
836:
813:
807:
806:
804:
802:
796:
789:
783:
782:
780:
778:
766:
760:
759:
757:
755:
739:
733:
732:
725:
719:
718:
698:
692:
691:
689:
687:
672:
666:
665:
663:
661:
638:
627:
626:
624:
622:
599:
498:
495:
486:
485:
483:
481:
476:. ChicagoCop.com
470:
397:Ulysses S. Grant
395:under president
162:Personal details
149:
127:
117:
110:
104:
85:
77:Hiram C. Whitley
73:
65:Ulysses S. Grant
54:
33:
19:
1239:
1238:
1234:
1233:
1232:
1230:
1229:
1228:
1219:Washburn family
1194:
1193:
1192:
1187:
1178:
1170:
1162:
1156:James M. Murray
1154:
1146:
1138:
1130:
1122:
1114:
1108:W. Ralph Basham
1106:
1098:
1090:
1084:Eljay B. Bowron
1082:
1074:
1068:John R. Simpson
1066:
1058:
1052:James J. Rowley
1050:
1042:
1034:
1028:Frank J. Wilson
1026:
1018:
1010:
1002:
994:
986:
981:
976:
968:
960:
954:William P. Wood
952:
944:
939:
909:
908:
898:
896:
894:
879:
878:
869:
859:
857:
849:
848:
844:
834:
832:
830:
815:
814:
810:
800:
798:
791:
790:
786:
776:
774:
768:
767:
763:
753:
751:
741:
740:
736:
727:
726:
722:
715:
700:
699:
695:
685:
683:
674:
673:
669:
659:
657:
655:
640:
639:
630:
620:
618:
616:
601:
600:
501:
496:
489:
479:
477:
472:
471:
458:
453:
423:
411:Abraham Lincoln
407:attempted theft
381:
364:
336:
246:
224:Washburn family
220:
212:Washburn family
181:
171:
150:
147:
143:
125:
115:
108:
107:
105:
100:
83:
71:
55:
50:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1237:
1235:
1227:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1196:
1195:
1189:
1188:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1177:
1176:
1168:
1160:
1152:
1148:Randolph Alles
1144:
1136:
1128:
1120:
1112:
1104:
1096:
1088:
1080:
1072:
1064:
1056:
1048:
1044:U. E. Baughman
1040:
1032:
1024:
1016:
1008:
1004:John E. Wilkie
1000:
992:
984:
979:
974:
970:Elmer Washburn
966:
958:
949:
946:
945:
940:
938:
937:
930:
923:
915:
907:
906:
892:
867:
842:
828:
808:
784:
761:
734:
720:
713:
693:
667:
653:
628:
614:
499:
487:
455:
454:
452:
449:
422:
419:
380:
377:
363:
360:
349:John Wentworth
335:
334:Power struggle
332:
276:'s mayoralty.
270:Lester L. Bond
245:
242:
219:
216:
193:Elmer Washburn
188:
187:
184:
183:
178:
174:
173:
168:
164:
163:
159:
158:
155:
154:
145:Lester L. Bond
138:
134:
133:
128:
122:
121:
118:
112:
111:
97:
96:
90:
89:
86:
80:
79:
74:
68:
67:
62:
58:
57:
47:
46:
39:
38:
35:
34:
26:
25:
23:Elmer Washburn
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1236:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1201:
1199:
1186:
1181:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1132:Joseph Clancy
1129:
1125:
1124:Julia Pierson
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
980:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
950:
947:
943:
936:
931:
929:
924:
922:
917:
916:
913:
895:
893:9780674967229
889:
885:
884:
876:
874:
872:
868:
855:
854:
846:
843:
831:
829:9781476663777
825:
821:
820:
812:
809:
795:
788:
785:
772:
765:
762:
749:
745:
744:"Plot foiled"
738:
735:
730:
724:
721:
716:
710:
706:
705:
697:
694:
681:
677:
671:
668:
656:
650:
646:
645:
637:
635:
633:
629:
617:
611:
607:
606:
598:
596:
594:
592:
590:
588:
586:
584:
582:
580:
578:
576:
574:
572:
570:
568:
566:
564:
562:
560:
558:
556:
554:
552:
550:
548:
546:
544:
542:
540:
538:
536:
534:
532:
530:
528:
526:
524:
522:
520:
518:
516:
514:
512:
510:
508:
506:
504:
500:
494:
492:
488:
475:
469:
467:
465:
463:
461:
457:
450:
448:
446:
442:
437:
435:
430:
428:
420:
418:
416:
412:
408:
403:
400:
398:
394:
385:
378:
376:
374:
369:
361:
359:
356:
354:
350:
344:
340:
333:
331:
329:
324:
319:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
290:in the city.
289:
284:
282:
277:
275:
271:
267:
266:Joseph Medill
263:
258:
256:
251:
250:Joseph Medill
243:
241:
239:
234:
232:
227:
225:
217:
215:
213:
208:
206:
202:
198:
194:
185:
179:
175:
169:
165:
160:
156:
153:
146:
142:
141:Joseph Medill
139:
135:
132:
129:
123:
119:
113:
103:
98:
95:
91:
87:
81:
78:
75:
69:
66:
63:
59:
53:
48:
45:
40:
36:
32:
27:
20:
1184:
969:
897:. Retrieved
882:
858:. Retrieved
852:
845:
833:. Retrieved
818:
811:
799:. Retrieved
787:
775:. Retrieved
764:
752:. Retrieved
747:
737:
723:
703:
696:
684:. Retrieved
679:
670:
658:. Retrieved
643:
619:. Retrieved
604:
478:. Retrieved
438:
431:
424:
415:Whiskey Ring
404:
401:
390:
365:
362:Later tenure
357:
345:
341:
337:
320:
316:
304:
300:
296:
292:
285:
278:
259:
247:
235:
228:
221:
209:
192:
191:
126:Succeeded by
101:
88:James Brooks
84:Succeeded by
51:
1224:1839 births
1166:(2022–2024)
1158:(2019–2022)
1150:(2017–2019)
1102:(1999–2003)
1006:(1898–1911)
328:due process
116:Preceded by
72:Preceded by
1198:Categories
1076:John Magaw
714:0803279493
451:References
353:Jacob Rehm
131:Jacob Rehm
1134:(2014–17)
1126:(2013–14)
1118:(2006–13)
1110:(2003–06)
1094:(1997–99)
1086:(1993–97)
1078:(1992–93)
1070:(1981–92)
1062:(1973–81)
1054:(1961–73)
1046:(1948–61)
1038:(1946–48)
1030:(1937–46)
1022:(1917–36)
1014:(1912–17)
998:(1894–98)
990:(1891–94)
972:(1874–76)
964:(1869–74)
956:(1865–69)
417:members.
368:Milwaukee
281:blue laws
170:July 1839
102:In office
61:President
52:In office
1142:# (2017)
801:26 March
373:censured
288:gambling
172:New York
899:13 June
777:13 June
754:12 June
731:. 1883.
686:12 June
182:Chicago
890:
860:1 June
835:11 May
826:
711:
660:19 May
651:
621:1 June
612:
480:26 May
248:Mayor
148:acting
137:Mayor
901:2020
888:ISBN
862:2020
837:2020
824:ISBN
803:2023
779:2020
756:2020
709:ISBN
688:2020
662:2020
649:ISBN
623:2020
610:ISBN
482:2020
323:faro
205:1891
177:Died
167:Born
42:3rd
409:of
330:.
1200::
870:^
746:.
707:.
678:.
631:^
502:^
490:^
459:^
447:.
375:.
240:.
233:.
226:.
214:.
207:.
934:e
927:t
920:v
903:.
864:.
839:.
781:.
758:.
717:.
690:.
664:.
625:.
484:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
