327:
437:
2230:
1095:
2664:
204:
466:, about 4.8 kilometres (3 mi) from the centre of Tehran. The sprawling tree-lined site, bordered by high walls, measures 200,000 square metres (49 acres) and houses British diplomats and their families. The compound is also home to the Tehran War Cemetery. The site has been at the centre of diplomatic controversy between Britain and Iran over ownership and management of the grounds.
2220:
1606:
1051:
36:
510:
On 29 November 2011, Iranian protesters stormed the
British embassy in downtown Tehran and Gholhak Garden. The incident came amid rising tensions over Iran's nuclear program. The protesters broke into Gholhak and briefly seized six British embassy staff before being released by the Iranian police.
257:
in a deliberate effort to frustrate the embassy staff, in response the entrance was moved to the side of the compound facing
Ferdowsi Avenue, allowing the Embassy to change its official address. In 1987, all staff were withdrawn from Tehran following a series of setbacks to relations. In November
354:
responded by saying "We are outraged by this. It is utterly unacceptable and we condemn it." According to
Iranian state news agencies, the protesters were largely composed of young adults. On 30 November 2011, in response to the attack, the UK closed its embassy in Tehran and ordered the Iranian
389:
to conduct bilateral relations between London and Tehran. In June 2014, the UK announced that it intended to reopen its embassy in Tehran once practical arrangements had been completed and predicted that Iran would reopen its embassy in London. In August 2015, the embassy was reopened by
2147:
1714:
484:
Gholhak Garden is separate from the historic
British embassy several miles south in central Tehran, where British ambassadors have now lived for decades. Today, several British diplomats and their families as well as some Iranian embassy staff reside in the Gholhak complex.
2159:
1676:
1880:
2047:
190:
in the Old Bazaar. By the 1860s, the overcrowding and poor sanitary conditions forced the government to look for a more suitable location and the
Ferdowsi site was purchased. To supervise the construction of the new Legation Buildings,
2115:
1807:
1664:
2130:
2064:
312:, who showed determination to pursue the establishment of a civil society and the rule of law, and to promote wider international understanding. Britain and Iran jointly upgraded the relationship to ambassadorial status in 1999.
2081:
2186:
1795:
1757:
1340:
334:
On 29 November 2011, two compounds of the
British embassy in Tehran were stormed by Iranian protesters. The protesters smashed windows, ransacked offices, set fire to government documents, and burned a British flag.
1083:
1855:
1652:
2101:
955:
2021:
1955:
1843:
1690:
1969:
1921:
1783:
2208:
304:
The UK and all other EU countries withdrew their heads of mission in April 1997 when a German court issued a verdict that members of the
Iranian intelligence services were responsible for the
215:' (meaning sanctuary) of July/August 1906 when, during the constitutional struggle, some 12–16,000 Tehranis took sanctuary in the compound and by thus paralysing the life of the city, forced
1892:
1480:
1076:
259:
1986:
1904:
1831:
1561: The United Kingdom and His Majesty's Government do not recognise or have formal bilateral intergovernmental, diplomatic or consular relations with the (generally unrecognised)
152:
and the expulsion of the
British ambassador by Iran, Britain reduced its diplomatic relations with Iran to "the lowest possible level" and closed its embassy. However, following the
2381:
1594:
1287:
166:
to conduct bilateral relations between London and Tehran. The embassy reopened in August 2015 and relations were upgraded in 2016, with relations now conducted once again by an
1141:
292:
and his publishers. European
Community Foreign Ministers agreed to withdraw their heads of mission from Tehran in response. The British Government withdrew all UK-based staff.
1771:
1745:
2687:
1316:
1251:
1069:
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1528:
1099:
540:
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demonstrations orchestrated by the
Iranian government since the defunct American embassy has no longer been the central target after being taken over in 1979 during the
171:
1733:
1352:
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639:
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963:
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817:
74:
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1229:
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1430:
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149:
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1502:
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1347:
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1273:
1261:
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1487:
1445:
1425:
1393:
1377:
1311:
1061:
686:
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1450:
1372:
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1234:
321:
195:, the architect, was commissioned. He was an established architect with experience of the Middle East. The building was finished in June 1876.
2635:
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1420:
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1357:
668:
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1945:
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1179:
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247:
of Sweden. In 1981 the name of the street housing the embassy was changed from 'Winston Churchill Street' to 'Bobby Sands Street' after
1565:
in Taipei. Functions in Taiwan as an accredited informal and unofficial representative post and a semi-official informal consular post.
1256:
355:
embassy in London closed. In order to continue providing consular assistance to British citizens in Iran, the UK appointed Sweden as a
2338:
1172:
2224:
530:
1268:
305:
248:
220:
1702:
1055:
1121:
338:
The storming of the British embassy followed from the 2011 joint American-British-Canadian sanctions and the Iranian government's
2369:
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1408:
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372:
153:
1821:
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448:
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872:
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1709:
1167:
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2421:
1802:
1403:
1116:
2125:
1752:
647:
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2404:
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825:
371:
In July 2013, it was announced that the UK would consider to open better relations with Iran "step-by-step" following the
228:
1838:
1217:
2537:
2298:
1950:
1911:
1850:
1816:
751:
224:
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1629:
1981:
1790:
1647:
2484:
2427:
1697:
1335:
216:
2059:
2016:
2588:
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2567:
2042:
1976:
1940:
1778:
415:
395:
1899:
1875:
1685:
1012:
732:
2318:
1928:
1887:
1826:
1728:
1723:
1624:
489:
251:
2110:
1964:
1916:
1766:
1740:
2608:
2547:
2323:
2257:
2613:
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500:
351:
2474:
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1546:
1933:
326:
2313:
385:
162:
847:
2628:
525:
504:
436:
342:
approving a parliamentary bill expelling the British ambassador as a result of those sanctions. A
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293:
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130:
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986:
111:
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691:
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380:
356:
339:
309:
244:
2409:
175:
138:
308:
in Germany in 1992. Heads of mission returned in November 1997 following the election of
706:
2623:
2552:
2479:
2229:
1998:
1304:
520:
499:
Gholhak Garden and the British embassy in central Tehran have been subject to periodic
493:
478:
474:
444:
431:
391:
376:
289:
157:
126:
473:
gave the land for Gholhak Garden to the United Kingdom in the 19th century during the
2681:
2618:
2527:
2445:
470:
262:
212:
2542:
2414:
821:
795:
673:
419:
347:
211:
Most famous of all the historical events associated with the embassy is the great '
203:
2598:
254:
2645:
403:
343:
167:
956:"Iran fines British embassy for 'environmental vandalism' in Tehran compound"
669:
Britain's embassy in Iran is reopening – but how long will it last this time?
511:
Britain expressed outrage at the riots and warned of "serious consequences."
89:
76:
418:
was arrested in Iran before being released shortly after. Foreign Secretary
1050:
296:
made it desirable to re-establish relations once more, in September 1990.
769:
582:
560:
451:
2640:
898:
496:, has on occasion demanded the return of the Gholhak property to Iran.
459:
455:
422:
described the events as a "flagrant violation of international law".
142:
62:
50:
402:
until 2016, when the then-incumbent Nicholas Hopton was promoted to
35:
2333:
435:
325:
285:
202:
2219:
1605:
987:"Iranian militants demand return of British diplomatic compound"
606:"UK ambassador angers Iran with 'insulting' embassy photo gaffe"
463:
360:
187:
134:
2190:
1576:
1065:
269:
to resume diplomatic contact. Staff returned in January 1989.
160:, relations improved and both countries appointed non-resident
752:"Britain expels Iranian diplomats and closes Tehran embassy"
561:"British embassy in Tehran reopens four years after closure"
921:"Arrest of Ambassador to Iran: Foreign Secretary statement"
383:
arrangements of Sweden and Oman and appointed non-resident
1557: Diplomatic posts only with no consular facilities.
1559: Consular posts only with no diplomatic functions.
733:"Iranian protesters storm British diplomatic compounds"
687:
Britain to reopen embassy in Iran on Bobby Sands Street
186:
The British Mission in Tehran was first established in
583:"Iran relations 'important' but Hammond urges caution"
379:. In November 2013, Iran and the UK agreed to end the
873:"British Foreign Secretary Reopens Embassy in Tehran"
447:(alternatively Qolhak Garden or Gulhak Garden) is a
2581:
2520:
2392:
2347:
2291:
2250:
2032:
2009:
1868:
1640:
1617:
1537:
1516:
1386:
1205:
1155:
1106:
481:for their ambassador to use as a summer residence.
414:On 11 January 2020, the British Ambassador to Iran
105:
68:
57:
46:
26:
1013:"Iranian protesters storm UK diplomatic compounds"
634:
632:
630:
628:
626:
243:in 1979, the British Embassy was placed under the
818:"Britain says open to better relations with Iran"
541:List of Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Iran
770:"Sweden to be 'protecting power' for UK in Iran"
2202:
1588:
1077:
8:
2512:2018 attack on the Iranian Embassy in London
2492:2004 Iranian seizure of Royal Navy personnel
707:"Iran protesters storm UK embassy in Tehran"
492:, which has had strained relations with the
2497:2007 Iranian arrest of Royal Navy personnel
2439:Nationalization of the Iranian oil industry
949:
947:
945:
943:
941:
899:"UK names first Iran ambassador since 2011"
796:"Oman 'looking after Iran interests in UK'"
398:. The embassy continued to be managed by a
2502:2011 attack on the British Embassy in Iran
2240:
2209:
2195:
2187:
1595:
1581:
1573:
1084:
1070:
1062:
34:
23:
2688:Diplomatic missions of the United Kingdom
2273:Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Iran
2263:Ambassadors of Iran to the United Kingdom
1100:Diplomatic missions of the United Kingdom
954:Michael Theodoulou (22 November 2011).
552:
123:Embassy of the United Kingdom in Tehran
2668:Category:Iran–United Kingdom relations
322:2011 attack on British embassy in Iran
2636:Neda Agha-Soltan Graduate Scholarship
2283:Persian embassy to Europe (1609–1615)
2278:Persian embassy to Europe (1599–1602)
2268:Embassy of the United Kingdom, Tehran
265:agreed with Iranian Foreign Minister
7:
1563:Government of the Republic of China
750:Borger, Julian (30 November 2011).
604:Wintour, Patrick (12 August 2021).
536:List of diplomatic missions in Iran
363:as its protecting power in London.
346:was taken down and replaced by the
2698:Buildings and structures in Tehran
2507:2011–2012 Strait of Hormuz dispute
2339:Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action
1011:Robin Pomeroy (29 November 2011).
879:. Associated Press. 23 August 2015
14:
300:Mykonos restaurant assassinations
199:Persian Constitutional Revolution
2663:
2662:
2370:British military network in Iran
2228:
2218:
1604:
1093:
1049:
16:Diplomatic mission of UK in Iran
2400:Anglo-Persian capture of Ormuz
27:Embassy of the United Kingdom
1:
2703:Iran–United Kingdom relations
2693:Diplomatic missions in Tehran
2405:British occupation of Bushehr
2365:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran
2225:Iran–United Kingdom relations
531:Iran–United Kingdom relations
207:Bast at British Embassy, 1906
2299:Anglo-Persian Treaty of 1801
985:Robert Tait (17 July 2007).
798:. Trade Arabia. 28 June 2012
367:Reestablishment of relations
306:murder of four Iranian Kurds
1611:Diplomatic missions in Iran
359:; Iran similarly appointed
2719:
2485:Satanic Verses controversy
2428:Anglo-Iranian Oil Co. case
429:
319:
150:2011 attack on the Embassy
2659:
2589:Anglo-Persian Oil Company
2573:Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe
2568:Roya Saberi Negad Nobakht
2238:
1555:
454:compound in the northern
396:British Foreign Secretary
294:Iraq's invasion of Kuwait
42:
33:
2434:1953 Iranian coup d'état
2422:1921 Persian coup d'état
2382:British support for Iraq
2319:Anglo-Russian Convention
490:Islamic Republic of Iran
219:to issue his celebrated
135:Islamic Republic of Iran
2609:Imperial Bank of Persia
2324:Anglo-Persian Agreement
2258:Embassy of Iran, London
1056:British Embassy, Tehran
350:by the protesters. The
221:Farman of 5 August 1906
137:. It is located at 172
90:35.696528°N 51.418528°E
2614:Persian Gulf Residency
2304:Treaty of Paris (1857)
441:
352:British Foreign Office
331:
330:Closed embassy in 2015
223:granting the people a
208:
2475:Iranian Embassy siege
2463:Guadeloupe Conference
585:. BBC. 24 August 2015
563:. BBC. 23 August 2015
439:
329:
280:On 14 February 1989,
206:
61:172 Ferdowsi Avenue,
1058:at Wikimedia Commons
650:on 18 September 2008
410:Arrest of Ambassador
217:Muzaffar-ud-din Shah
95:35.696528; 51.418528
2629:Tehran War Cemetery
966:on 27 November 2011
877:Wall Street Journal
739:. 29 November 2011.
526:Tehran War Cemetery
505:Iran hostage crisis
86: /
2651:The New Great Game
2604:East India Company
2563:Fowzi Badavi Nejad
2458:Iranian Revolution
901:. 5 September 2016
713:. 29 November 2011
442:
332:
282:Ayatollah Khomeini
274:The Satanic Verses
241:Islamic revolution
235:Iranian Revolution
209:
172:ambassador to Iran
131:diplomatic mission
21:Diplomatic mission
2675:
2674:
2468:Conspiracy theory
2355:Anglo-Persian War
2329:Tehran Conference
2314:D'Arcy Concession
2309:Reuter concession
2245:
2244:
2184:
2183:
1570:
1569:
1054:Media related to
848:"UK for Iranians"
692:Belfast Telegraph
640:"Embassy History"
400:charge d'affaires
386:charge d'affaires
310:President Khatami
260:Foreign Secretary
229:National Assembly
163:charge d'affaires
119:
118:
2710:
2666:
2665:
2594:Bahrain province
2558:Ghoncheh Ghavami
2533:Anoosheh Ashoori
2360:Persian Campaign
2251:Diplomatic posts
2241:
2233:
2232:
2223:
2222:
2211:
2204:
2197:
2188:
2163:
2151:
2134:
2119:
2105:
2085:
2068:
2051:
2025:
1990:
1973:
1959:
1937:
1925:
1908:
1896:
1884:
1859:
1847:
1835:
1811:
1799:
1787:
1775:
1761:
1749:
1737:
1718:
1706:
1694:
1680:
1668:
1656:
1633:
1609:
1608:
1597:
1590:
1583:
1574:
1481:Saint Petersburg
1412:
1344:
1277:
1265:
1248:
1226:
1176:
1125:
1098:
1097:
1096:
1086:
1079:
1072:
1063:
1053:
1046:
1045:
1043:Official website
1028:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1008:
1002:
1001:
999:
997:
982:
976:
975:
973:
971:
962:. Archived from
951:
936:
935:
933:
931:
917:
911:
910:
908:
906:
895:
889:
888:
886:
884:
869:
863:
862:
860:
858:
844:
838:
837:
835:
833:
828:on 5 August 2013
824:. Archived from
814:
808:
807:
805:
803:
792:
786:
785:
783:
781:
766:
760:
759:
747:
741:
740:
729:
723:
722:
720:
718:
703:
697:
684:
678:
666:
660:
659:
657:
655:
646:. Archived from
644:Internet Archive
636:
621:
620:
618:
616:
601:
595:
594:
592:
590:
579:
573:
572:
570:
568:
557:
458:neighborhood of
381:protecting power
357:protecting power
340:Guardian Council
115:
114:
112:Official website
101:
100:
98:
97:
96:
91:
87:
84:
83:
82:
79:
38:
24:
2718:
2717:
2713:
2712:
2711:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2678:
2677:
2676:
2671:
2655:
2577:
2516:
2410:Tobacco Protest
2388:
2343:
2287:
2246:
2234:
2227:
2217:
2215:
2185:
2180:
2157:
2145:
2139:United Kingdom
2128:
2113:
2099:
2079:
2062:
2045:
2028:
2019:
2005:
1984:
1967:
1953:
1931:
1919:
1902:
1890:
1878:
1864:
1853:
1841:
1829:
1805:
1793:
1781:
1769:
1755:
1743:
1731:
1712:
1700:
1688:
1674:
1662:
1650:
1636:
1627:
1613:
1603:
1601:
1571:
1566:
1560:
1558:
1551:
1533:
1512:
1406:
1382:
1338:
1271:
1259:
1242:
1220:
1201:
1170:
1151:
1119:
1102:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1041:
1040:
1037:
1032:
1031:
1021:
1019:
1010:
1009:
1005:
995:
993:
984:
983:
979:
969:
967:
953:
952:
939:
929:
927:
919:
918:
914:
904:
902:
897:
896:
892:
882:
880:
871:
870:
866:
856:
854:
846:
845:
841:
831:
829:
816:
815:
811:
801:
799:
794:
793:
789:
779:
777:
774:www.thelocal.se
768:
767:
763:
749:
748:
744:
731:
730:
726:
716:
714:
705:
704:
700:
685:
681:
677:, 17 June 2014
667:
663:
653:
651:
638:
637:
624:
614:
612:
603:
602:
598:
588:
586:
581:
580:
576:
566:
564:
559:
558:
554:
549:
517:
440:Embassy in 1920
434:
428:
412:
369:
324:
318:
302:
278:
258:1988, the UK's
237:
201:
184:
176:Simon Shercliff
139:Ferdowsi Avenue
110:
109:
94:
92:
88:
85:
80:
77:
75:
73:
72:
28:
22:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2716:
2714:
2706:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2680:
2679:
2673:
2672:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2632:
2631:
2624:Gholhak Garden
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2585:
2583:
2579:
2578:
2576:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2553:Kamal Foroughi
2550:
2548:Arthur Edwards
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2524:
2522:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2488:
2487:
2480:Salman Rushdie
2477:
2472:
2471:
2470:
2465:
2455:
2454:
2453:
2443:
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2441:
2431:
2424:
2419:
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2407:
2402:
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2373:
2372:
2362:
2357:
2351:
2349:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2295:
2293:
2289:
2288:
2286:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2254:
2252:
2248:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2236:
2235:
2216:
2214:
2213:
2206:
2199:
2191:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2178:
2177:
2176:
2166:
2165:
2164:
2152:
2137:
2136:
2135:
2120:
2108:
2107:
2106:
2091:
2088:
2087:
2086:
2071:
2070:
2069:
2054:
2053:
2052:
2036:
2034:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2026:
2013:
2011:
2007:
2006:
2004:
2003:
2002:
2001:
1999:Gholhak Garden
1994:United Kingdom
1991:
1979:
1974:
1962:
1961:
1960:
1948:
1938:
1926:
1914:
1909:
1897:
1885:
1872:
1870:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1862:
1861:
1860:
1848:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1813:
1812:
1800:
1776:
1764:
1763:
1762:
1738:
1726:
1721:
1720:
1719:
1695:
1683:
1682:
1681:
1669:
1644:
1642:
1638:
1637:
1635:
1634:
1621:
1619:
1615:
1614:
1602:
1600:
1599:
1592:
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93: /
69:Coordinates
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758:. London.
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