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220:. Freetown became responsible for all of West Africa outside Liberia as posts at Goree-Dakar, Bathurst, St. Louis, and Bissau were closed. When the triple city of Dakar (with Goree and Rufisque) became the headquarters of the Government General of French West Africa, responsibility for West Africa was moved there and the Freetown consulate was closed on March 30, 1915.
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in May 2014 overwhelmed the country's medical infrastructure until containment was declared in
November 2015. The Sierra Leonean government initiated a comprehensive recovery plan, with considerable international support, including from the United States. In 2023, the U.S. announced a $ 450,000 grant
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to learn business with the Oswald family trading firm. Every year Oswald's agents at Bunce island dispatched to
Charleston several ships carrying 250 to 350 slaves. Laurens advertised the slaves and sold them at auction to local rice planters, earning a ten percent commission. He used his earnings to
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to adjudicate allegations of illegal slave trading and condemn slaving ships. Because the
Atlantic slave trade declined in the 1860s, the Anglo-American courts were never called upon to decide a case. Hibbard and Dyer however took up a broader intervention proposing a treaty system with African
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status when Sierra Leone became independent in 1961. U.S.-Sierra Leone relations today are cordial, with ethnic ties between groups in the two countries receiving increasing historical interest. Many thousands of Sierra
Leoneans reside in the United States. The United States recognized
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In fiscal year 2006, total U.S. bilateral aid to Sierra Leone in all categories was $ 29.538 million. U.S. assistance focused on the consolidation of peace, democracy and human rights, health education, particularly combating HIV/AIDS, and human resources development.
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Jealous of the commercial success of Bunce Island, in 1779 the French took the opportunity of their alliance with the
American revolutionaries to attack and destroy the slave trading fort. Thus, a battle of the American Revolution was actually fought in Sierra Leone.
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nations that in the cause of suppressing the slave trade, that would expand
American trade in West Africa, introduce American military protection to the interior of the continent, and “civilize” the people there through agricultural reform.
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appointed Oswald to lead the
British plenipotentiaries. Thus, the independence of the United States was negotiated, at least in part, between British and American partners in the trade of slaves from Sierra Leone to South Carolina.
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purchase
Carolina rice which he sent to Oswald in London, often in the same ship that brought the slaves from Bunce Island. The slave and rice trading connection between Oswald and Laurens—between
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where local rice planters paid a premium for slaves from Sierra Leone and the neighboring areas in West Africa's Rice Coast because of their specialized knowledge and skill in rice cultivation.
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Foreign Service from the Declaration of Independence to the end of the Civil War
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Gilder
Lehrman Center for the Study of Slavery, Resistance, and Abolition at the Whitney and Betty MacMillan Center for International and Area Studies
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headed by Commercial Agent John E. Taylor who had previously been informally appointed as acting consul as early as 1853 by Commodore
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to negotiate a treaty for Dutch support. The British Navy captured Laurens and he was charged with high treason and imprisoned in the
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from 1991 to 2002. The United States has been actively involved in international endeavors to halt the civil war and prevent the
524:"A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Sierra Leone"
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relations date back at least to 1748 when the London firm of Grant, Sargent, and Oswald rebuilt the abandoned trading fort at
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were initiated on the same day, with the elevation of the existing American Consulate General in Freetown to Embassy status.
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318:. Sierra Leone's Ambassador to the United States is H. E. Bockari Kortu Stevens and the Sierra Leone embassy is located in
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The U.S. engagement in Sierra Leone has been intertwined with efforts to foster peace, particularly during the
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Kargbo, Ibrahim (2008). "2. The U.S. Consulate and the Promotion of Trade in Sierra Leone, 1850–80".
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had established a close personal and business relationship with Oswald when he was sent to
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appointed Laurens as one of the four American Peace Commissioners (along with
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were appointed Arbitrator and Judge, respectively, of the Anglo-American
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476:. Boydell & Brewer, University of Rochester Press. p. 38-60.
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Mixed Court for the Suppression of the Slave Trade in Sierra Leone
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was the principal partner in the firm Grant, Sargent, and Oswald.
574:"Doctor with Ebola on way to U.S. called "absolutely dedicated""
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Embassy of the United States in Sierra Leone Facebook Fan Page
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The United States and West Africa: Interactions and Relations
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until Oswald posted bail for his American business partner.
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on trade regulations and the best way to respond to the
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118:and focused on supplying slaves to
2945:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
2888:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
2835:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
363:Opala, Joseph (17 November 2004).
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157:and was later dispatched to
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487:Basile, Marco (2020).
365:"Bunce Island History"
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2947:expanding it
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2890:expanding it
2883:
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2829:Sierra Leone
2826:
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2753:China policy
2739:Policies and
2609:Presidential
2509:Multilateral
2461:Soviet Union
2426:Papal States
2356:East Germany
2281:Cook Islands
1902:Transnistria
1830:Saudi Arabia
1560:Turkmenistan
1281:Sierra Leone
1280:
1216:Burkina Faso
1195:South Africa
791:
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634:. Retrieved
624:
614:November 14,
612:. Retrieved
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588:November 14,
586:. Retrieved
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556:. Retrieved
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172:In 1782 the
171:
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139:Sierra Leone
124:
116:Bunce Island
112:Sierra Leone
106:
93:Sierra Leone
84:
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62:Sierra Leone
2768:Foreign aid
2758:Containment
2710:Kirkpatrick
2594:Doctrines,
2551:Middle East
2526:Arab League
2198:New Zealand
2186:Australasia
2166:Switzerland
2161:Netherlands
1727:Philippines
1634:Afghanistan
1613:South Korea
1608:North Korea
1399:El Salvador
1091:South Sudan
578:cbsnews.com
558:November 8,
533:November 8,
499:(2): 160–84
453:(1): 78–104
2986:Categories
2715:Weinberger
2644:Eisenhower
2598:, concepts
2486:Yugoslavia
2255:Micronesia
2238:Micronesia
2151:Luxembourg
2095:San Marino
2080:Montenegro
1763:Azerbaijan
1702:East Timor
1639:Bangladesh
1565:Uzbekistan
1555:Tajikistan
1550:Kyrgyzstan
1545:Kazakhstan
1394:Costa Rica
1261:Mauritania
1231:The Gambia
1221:Cape Verde
1084:Somaliland
1074:Seychelles
1064:Mozambique
1049:Madagascar
851:Yugoslavia
808:Bangladesh
636:2008-04-13
343:References
320:Washington
303:building.
210:Issac Mayo
178:John Adams
147:Lord North
2730:Wolfowitz
2611:doctrines
2536:East Asia
2511:relations
2274:Polynesia
2207:Melanesia
2193:Australia
1975:Lithuania
1820:Palestine
1732:Singapore
1707:Indonesia
1685:Southeast
1676:Sri Lanka
1586:Hong Kong
1518:Venezuela
1463:Argentina
1419:Nicaragua
1404:Guatemala
1363:St. Lucia
1306:Caribbean
1059:Mauritius
939:relations
937:Bilateral
257:consulate
202:Consulate
159:The Hague
2788:Rollback
2748:Blowback
2741:concepts
2725:Rumsfeld
2596:policies
2245:Kiribati
2105:Slovenia
2090:Portugal
2060:Holy See
2016:Southern
1938:Northern
1924:Slovakia
1882:Bulgaria
1793:military
1737:Thailand
1717:Malaysia
1697:Cambodia
1669:military
1664:Pakistan
1654:Maldives
1603:Mongolia
1508:Suriname
1498:Paraguay
1483:Colombia
1433:Northern
1409:Honduras
1333:Dominica
1323:Barbados
1299:Americas
1180:Eswatini
1175:Botswana
1168:Southern
1111:Zimbabwe
1096:Tanzania
1039:Ethiopia
1029:Djibouti
968:Cameroon
780:Americas
582:CBS News
326:See also
261:Freetown
206:Freetown
186:John Jay
95:and the
91:between
2705:Stimson
2674:Clinton
2654:Johnson
2649:Kennedy
2436:Prussia
2316:Artsakh
2229:Vanuatu
2179:Oceania
2141:Germany
2131:Belgium
2126:Austria
2119:Western
2038:Croatia
2028:Andorra
2023:Albania
2000:Bermuda
1965:Ireland
1960:Iceland
1955:Finland
1950:Estonia
1945:Denmark
1929:Ukraine
1914:Romania
1897:Moldova
1892:Hungary
1877:Belarus
1870:Eastern
1810:Lebanon
1773:Georgia
1768:Bahrain
1758:Armenia
1751:Western
1742:Vietnam
1722:Myanmar
1538:Central
1513:Uruguay
1488:Ecuador
1468:Bolivia
1382:Central
1353:Jamaica
1343:Grenada
1318:Bahamas
1276:Senegal
1271:Nigeria
1251:Liberia
1190:Namibia
1185:Lesotho
1159:Tunisia
1142:Morocco
1127:Algeria
1079:Somalia
1034:Eritrea
1024:Comoros
1019:Burundi
956:Central
762:Liberia
265:embassy
212:of the
2720:Powell
2669:Reagan
2664:Carter
2639:Truman
2624:Monroe
2521:Africa
2296:Tuvalu
2156:Monaco
2136:France
2100:Serbia
2070:Kosovo
2055:Greece
2043:Cyprus
1985:Sweden
1980:Norway
1970:Latvia
1919:Russia
1909:Poland
1863:Europe
1840:Turkey
1805:Kuwait
1800:Jordan
1788:Israel
1692:Brunei
1644:Bhutan
1618:Taiwan
1493:Guyana
1473:Brazil
1440:Canada
1424:Panama
1414:Mexico
1389:Belize
1241:Guinea
1106:Zambia
1101:Uganda
1069:Rwanda
1054:Malawi
963:Angola
949:Africa
844:Former
837:Europe
828:Turkey
823:Israel
787:Canada
752:Guinea
745:Africa
503:7 July
457:7 July
406:7 July
375:7 July
184:, and
2941:is a
2827:This
2684:Obama
2659:Nixon
2291:Tonga
2286:Samoa
2265:Palau
2260:Nauru
2110:Spain
2075:Malta
2065:Italy
1850:Yemen
1835:Syria
1825:Qatar
1659:Nepal
1649:India
1627:South
1598:Japan
1591:Macau
1581:China
1478:Chile
1456:South
1445:trade
1348:Haiti
1266:Niger
1236:Ghana
1211:Benin
1154:Sudan
1137:Libya
1132:Egypt
1120:North
1044:Kenya
998:Gabon
818:India
813:China
757:Kenya
656:from
2943:stub
2886:stub
2833:stub
2679:Bush
2561:C5+1
2531:Asia
2214:Fiji
1815:Oman
1783:Iraq
1778:Iran
1712:Laos
1574:East
1531:Asia
1503:Peru
1328:Cuba
1286:Togo
1256:Mali
1204:West
1012:East
978:Chad
801:Asia
616:2023
590:2023
560:2023
535:2023
505:2024
459:2024
408:2024
377:2024
141:and
87:are
314:is
259:in
204:in
2988::
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580:.
576:.
551:.
526:.
513:^
497:10
495:.
491:.
449:.
445:.
416:^
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385:^
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351:^
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180:,
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2892:.
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902:t
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723:e
716:t
709:v
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562:.
537:.
507:.
461:.
451:2
410:.
379:.
110:-
20:)
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