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Linux on embedded systems

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include multiple suppliers for software, development and support; no royalties or licensing fees; a stable kernel; the ability to read, modify and redistribute the source code. The technical disadvantages include a comparatively large
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Due to its low cost (freely available source code) and ease of customization, Linux has been shipped in many consumer devices. Devices covering PDAs (like the
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With the availability of consumer embedded devices, communities of users and developers were formed around these devices: replacement or enhancements of the
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and to the communities surrounding the devices. Due to the high number of devices, standardized build systems have appeared, including
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that also include a touchscreen. This is a challenge for most learners because their computer experience is mainly based on GUI (
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which are not only primarily used as the processor of a desktop or server computer, but also
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shipped on the device has often been made possible thanks to availability of the
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Embedded Linux Wiki: A centralized place for sharing Embedded Linux Knowledge
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and introduced in 2008, has become a highly competitive platform for
309: 260: 206: 202: 154: 3298: 713: 418:). Real Time Linux project aims mainlining the PREEMPT_RT-version. 3121: 2925: 2634: 2543: 2408: 1862: 1791: 1775: 1721: 1689: 1684: 1662: 1477: 1075: 566: 448: 291: 182: 170: 870:"Real-Time Operating System - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics" 308:, a Linux-kernel-based operating system acquired and extended by 3562: 3557: 3496: 3179: 3072: 2886: 2801: 2665: 2628: 2427: 2110: 1704: 1640: 633: 363: 190: 178: 109:, operating systems based on the Linux kernel can be also found 3302: 2361: 1524: 1048: 429:
it has to have enough operative memory (or replacing such) and
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Projects to develop real-time and safety-critical support are
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Not every embedded Linux distribution is required to or meets
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processors. Linux is also used as an alternative to using a
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to ensure compatibility with software running on Linux.
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use embedded Linux on their constellations and rockets.
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Archived from 494:- specialised for ARM single board computers 991:Embedded Linux course on youtube (Zedboard) 535:well-known type of embedded Linux, e.g. on 3321: 3307: 3299: 3271: 2582: 2414: 2404: 2380: 2366: 2358: 1600: 1543: 1529: 1521: 1067: 1053: 1045: 1035:VxWorks to Embedded Linux: a Success Story 942:Uniting Mobile Linux Application Platforms 760:"IDC: Smartphone OS Market Share, 2015 Q2" 714:"ELKS: The Embeddable Linux Kernel System" 683:"Migrating VxWorks applications to Linux" 294:like Jolla C and Intex Aqua Fish and the 1497:Free and open-source software portal 2241:Binary Runtime Environment for Wireless 648: 425:to run fully-fledged Linux OS and have 7: 2282:PlayStation Portable system software 784:(June 2023) Status of Embedded Linux 1439:Professional related certifications 1017:Embedded Linux mailist list archive 575:- Core and Server, on RPi, x86, ARM 25: 1218:List of software package managers 1203:Security-focused operating system 117:-based embedded devices, such as 3281: 3280: 3270: 2335: 2320: 2319: 2060:PlayStation Vita system software 1568:Open-source mobile phones / OSes 1503: 1502: 1490: 1476: 569:– embedded Linux for smartphones 447: 3644:Light-weight Linux distribution 3472:Hacking of consumer electronics 2867:Transaction Processing Facility 2174:Nintendo Switch system software 1193:Distributions that run from RAM 922:"Realtime:start [Wiki]" 517:Embeddable Linux Kernel Subset 230:Embeddable Linux Kernel Subset 1: 801:Distributed Real-Time Systems 797:"Real-Time Operating Systems" 3732:List of open-source hardware 2169:Nintendo DSi system software 2164:Nintendo 3DS system software 1961:Windows XP Tablet PC Edition 1150:GNU/Linux naming controversy 939:Weinberg, Bill (July 2008). 2445:Multi-Environment Real-Time 2389:Real-time operating systems 2302:Sony Ericsson Java Platform 1246:Linux Documentation Project 1188:Netbook-specific comparison 809:10.1007/978-3-030-22570-4_4 127:personal digital assistants 3779: 3763:Embedded operating systems 3649:Real-time operating system 1145:Criticism of desktop Linux 737:Fingas, Jon (2012-09-04). 657:"Graphical User Interface" 403:applications and systems. 376:embedded operating systems 286:handsets, devices running 153:The Linux kernel has been 96:spacecraft flight software 3722: 3634:Linux on embedded systems 3243: 2585: 2550:Operating System Embedded 2315: 1558: 1470: 1155:Tanenbaum–Torvalds debate 467:Convergent Linux Platform 3639:Linux for mobile devices 2835:Windows Embedded Compact 2326:Mobile operating systems 2156:Nintendo system software 1647:(Linux kernel subsystem) 1583:Mobile app distributions 1552:Mobile operating systems 488:Products/Distributions: 477:Linux for mobile devices 135:Graphical user interface 56:personal video recorders 27:Uses in embedded systems 3487:PlayStation 3 Jailbreak 2192:Intel Management Engine 1022:Embedded Debian Project 143:command line interfaces 60:in-vehicle infotainment 3477:Homebrew (video games) 3174:Robot Operating System 1588:Mobile app development 1331:Free Software Magazine 1261:Linux User Group (LUG) 979:Safety-critical system 974:Preemption (computing) 431:memory management unit 131:portable media players 76:wireless access points 3671:Programming languages 3409:Single-board computer 3349:Board support package 1573:Open Handset Alliance 1563:Mobile OS comparisons 874:www.sciencedirect.com 762:. idc.com. 2015-08-01 272:Linksys WRT54G series 88:industrial automation 3737:Open-source robotics 3727:Lightweight browsers 3450:Proprietary firmware 3359:Consumer electronics 3266:Open-source software 2677:Java virtual machine 1941:BlackBerry Tablet OS 1578:Open Mobile Alliance 1256:Linux Mark Institute 795:Erciyes, K. (2019), 268:residential gateways 266:navigation devices, 92:navigation equipment 44:consumer electronics 3467:Defective by Design 3374:Embedded hypervisor 2331:Mobile applications 2267:Nokia Asha platform 910:. 21 February 2019. 896:. 6 September 2018. 614:MontaVista Software 414:) and ELISA (under 216:and its associated 145:is widely unknown. 100:medical instruments 66:equipment (such as 3535:Software libraries 1183:Distributions list 1178:General comparison 1140:Criticism of Linux 1027:2006-06-30 at the 1012:on 3 January 2013. 619:Wind River Systems 472:Linux range of use 435:virtual addressing 340:Linux distribution 234:Linux distribution 113:that are actually 3745: 3744: 3684:Assembly language 3626:Operating systems 3606:Stand-alone shell 3573:Programming tools 3492:Rooting (Android) 3384:Embedded software 3369:Embedded database 3296: 3295: 3024: 3023: 2878:Texas Instruments 2644: 2643: 2571: 2570: 2355: 2354: 2342:Telecommunication 1998:Windows 10 Mobile 1885: 1884: 1518: 1517: 818:978-3-030-22569-8 600:and Ubuntu Server 423:electronic system 421:In order for the 111:in mobile devices 105:Because of their 32:operating systems 16:(Redirected from 3770: 3482:iOS jailbreaking 3399:Memory footprint 3330:Embedded systems 3323: 3316: 3309: 3300: 3284: 3283: 3274: 3273: 2962:ERIKA Enterprise 2650:Capability-based 2583: 2415: 2405: 2382: 2375: 2368: 2359: 2339: 2323: 2322: 1668:Smart Feature OS 1601: 1545: 1538: 1531: 1522: 1506: 1505: 1495: 1494: 1493: 1483:Linux portal 1481: 1480: 1452:Linux Foundation 1251:Linux Foundation 1069: 1062: 1055: 1046: 1013: 1008:. Archived from 963: 961: 960: 954: 947: 926: 925: 918: 912: 911: 904: 898: 897: 890: 884: 883: 881: 880: 866: 860: 859: 857: 856: 842: 836: 835: 834: 833: 792: 786: 777: 771: 770: 768: 767: 756: 750: 749: 747: 746: 734: 728: 727: 725: 724: 710: 704: 703: 701: 700: 694: 687: 679: 670: 669: 668: 667: 653: 457: 452: 451: 416:Linux Foundation 381:memory footprint 251:Devices coverage 240:for outdated or 214:operating system 157:to a variety of 139:microcontrollers 125:, together with 80:wireless routers 40:embedded systems 21: 3778: 3777: 3773: 3772: 3771: 3769: 3768: 3767: 3748: 3747: 3746: 3741: 3718: 3665: 3620: 3567: 3529: 3506: 3457:Closed platform 3445:Custom firmware 3425: 3404:Microcontroller 3332: 3327: 3297: 3292: 3269: 3239: 3196: 3157: 3020: 2938: 2898: 2872: 2839: 2815: 2787: 2747: 2704: 2671: 2640: 2617: 2567: 2512: 2491: 2473:Real-Time Linux 2399: 2392: 2386: 2356: 2351: 2311: 2229: 2196: 2178: 2150: 2126: 2113:(Non GMS based) 2064: 2042: 2024: 1952: 1945: 1922: 1881: 1806:Fedora Mobility 1782: 1675:Kindle firmware 1592: 1554: 1549: 1519: 1514: 1491: 1489: 1475: 1466: 1433: 1313: 1265: 1224: 1208:Package manager 1164: 1128: 1107:Booting process 1078: 1073: 1029:Wayback Machine 1004: 987: 970: 958: 956: 952: 945: 938: 935: 933:Further reading 930: 929: 920: 919: 915: 906: 905: 901: 892: 891: 887: 878: 876: 868: 867: 863: 854: 852: 844: 843: 839: 831: 829: 819: 794: 793: 789: 778: 774: 765: 763: 758: 757: 753: 744: 742: 736: 735: 731: 722: 720: 718:GitHub.com/elks 712: 711: 707: 698: 696: 692: 685: 681: 680: 673: 665: 663: 655: 654: 650: 645: 640: 609:Mentor Graphics 453: 446: 443: 408:Real-Time Linux 401:safety critical 393: 372: 336: 253: 236:that fits on a 226: 151: 84:machine control 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 3776: 3774: 3766: 3765: 3760: 3758:Embedded Linux 3750: 3749: 3743: 3742: 3740: 3739: 3734: 3729: 3723: 3720: 3719: 3717: 3716: 3711: 3706: 3701: 3696: 3691: 3686: 3681: 3675: 3673: 3667: 3666: 3664: 3663: 3662: 3661: 3651: 3646: 3641: 3636: 3630: 3628: 3622: 3621: 3619: 3618: 3613: 3608: 3603: 3598: 3593: 3588: 3583: 3581:Almquist shell 3577: 3575: 3569: 3568: 3566: 3565: 3560: 3555: 3553:Embedded GLIBC 3550: 3545: 3539: 3537: 3531: 3530: 3528: 3527: 3522: 3516: 3514: 3508: 3507: 3505: 3504: 3502:Vendor lock-in 3499: 3494: 3489: 3484: 3479: 3474: 3469: 3464: 3459: 3454: 3453: 3452: 3447: 3436: 3434: 3427: 3426: 3424: 3423: 3418: 3417: 3416: 3406: 3401: 3396: 3391: 3386: 3381: 3376: 3371: 3366: 3364:Cross compiler 3361: 3356: 3351: 3346: 3340: 3338: 3334: 3333: 3328: 3326: 3325: 3318: 3311: 3303: 3294: 3293: 3291: 3290: 3261: 3253: 3251:= discontinued 3244: 3241: 3240: 3238: 3237: 3232: 3227: 3222: 3217: 3215:David Cheriton 3212: 3206: 3204: 3198: 3197: 3195: 3189: 3183: 3177: 3171: 3169: 3159: 3158: 3156: 3155: 3150: 3145: 3139: 3125: 3118: 3111: 3106: 3100: 3093: 3086: 3080: 3070: 3064: 3058: 3052: 3046: 3041: 3034: 3025: 3022: 3021: 3019: 3018: 3012: 3006: 3000: 2994: 2988: 2982: 2974: 2968: 2965: 2959: 2953: 2946: 2944: 2940: 2939: 2937: 2936: 2929: 2922: 2914: 2912: 2900: 2899: 2897: 2896: 2893:TI-RTOS Kernel 2890: 2882: 2880: 2874: 2873: 2871: 2870: 2864: 2857: 2849: 2847: 2841: 2840: 2838: 2837: 2832: 2825: 2823: 2817: 2816: 2814: 2813: 2797: 2795: 2789: 2788: 2786: 2785: 2779: 2771: 2765: 2758: 2756: 2749: 2748: 2746: 2745: 2744: 2743: 2736: 2729: 2726:Concurrent DOS 2714: 2712: 2706: 2705: 2703: 2702: 2681: 2679: 2673: 2672: 2670: 2669: 2663: 2654: 2652: 2646: 2645: 2642: 2641: 2639: 2638: 2632: 2625: 2623: 2619: 2618: 2616: 2615: 2614: 2613: 2608: 2607:(organization) 2605:T-Engine Forum 2602: 2600:Micro T-Kernel 2592: 2586: 2580: 2573: 2572: 2569: 2568: 2566: 2565: 2559: 2553: 2547: 2541: 2535: 2529: 2520: 2518: 2514: 2513: 2511: 2510: 2501: 2499: 2493: 2492: 2490: 2489: 2482: 2476: 2470: 2464: 2457: 2441: 2436: 2431: 2423: 2421: 2412: 2402: 2394: 2393: 2387: 2385: 2384: 2377: 2370: 2362: 2353: 2352: 2350: 2349: 2344: 2333: 2328: 2316: 2313: 2312: 2310: 2309: 2304: 2299: 2294: 2289: 2284: 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1002: 996:Embedded Linux 993: 986: 985:External links 983: 982: 981: 976: 969: 966: 965: 964: 934: 931: 928: 927: 913: 899: 885: 861: 850:Stack Overflow 837: 817: 787: 772: 751: 741:. Engadget.com 729: 705: 671: 647: 646: 644: 641: 639: 638: 637: 636: 631: 626: 621: 616: 611: 606: 601: 591: 583: 582: 581: 576: 570: 564: 559: 554: 549: 544: 539: 529: 527:Familiar Linux 524: 519: 514: 505: 500: 495: 486: 485: 484: 479: 474: 469: 460: 459: 458: 442: 439: 392: 389: 385:device drivers 371: 370:Platform usage 368: 335: 332: 252: 249: 225: 222: 150: 147: 26: 24: 18:Embedded Linux 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3775: 3764: 3761: 3759: 3756: 3755: 3753: 3738: 3735: 3733: 3730: 3728: 3725: 3724: 3721: 3715: 3712: 3710: 3707: 3705: 3704:Embedded Java 3702: 3700: 3697: 3695: 3692: 3690: 3687: 3685: 3682: 3680: 3677: 3676: 3674: 3672: 3668: 3660: 3657: 3656: 3655: 3652: 3650: 3647: 3645: 3642: 3640: 3637: 3635: 3632: 3631: 3629: 3627: 3623: 3617: 3616:Yocto Project 3614: 3612: 3609: 3607: 3604: 3602: 3599: 3597: 3594: 3592: 3589: 3587: 3584: 3582: 3579: 3578: 3576: 3574: 3570: 3564: 3561: 3559: 3556: 3554: 3551: 3549: 3546: 3544: 3541: 3540: 3538: 3536: 3532: 3526: 3523: 3521: 3518: 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3045: 3042: 3040: 3039: 3035: 3032: 3031: 3027: 3026: 3016: 3013: 3010: 3007: 3004: 3001: 2998: 2995: 2992: 2989: 2986: 2983: 2980: 2979: 2975: 2972: 2969: 2966: 2963: 2960: 2957: 2954: 2951: 2948: 2947: 2945: 2941: 2935: 2934: 2930: 2928: 2927: 2923: 2921: 2920: 2916: 2915: 2913: 2911: 2908: 2905: 2901: 2894: 2891: 2889: 2888: 2884: 2883: 2881: 2879: 2875: 2868: 2865: 2863: 2862: 2858: 2856: 2855: 2851: 2850: 2848: 2846: 2842: 2836: 2833: 2830: 2827: 2826: 2824: 2822: 2818: 2811: 2809: 2804: 2803: 2799: 2798: 2796: 2794: 2790: 2783: 2780: 2777: 2776: 2772: 2769: 2766: 2763: 2760: 2759: 2757: 2754: 2750: 2742: 2741: 2737: 2735: 2734: 2730: 2728: 2727: 2723: 2722: 2721: 2720: 2719:Multiuser DOS 2716: 2715: 2713: 2711: 2707: 2700: 2699: 2694: 2693: 2688: 2687: 2683: 2682: 2680: 2678: 2674: 2667: 2664: 2661: 2660: 2656: 2655: 2653: 2651: 2647: 2636: 2633: 2630: 2627: 2626: 2624: 2620: 2612: 2609: 2606: 2603: 2601: 2598: 2597: 2596: 2593: 2591: 2590:ITRON project 2588: 2587: 2584: 2581: 2578: 2574: 2563: 2560: 2557: 2554: 2551: 2548: 2545: 2542: 2539: 2536: 2533: 2530: 2527: 2526: 2522: 2521: 2519: 2515: 2508: 2507: 2503: 2502: 2500: 2498: 2494: 2488: 2487: 2483: 2480: 2477: 2474: 2471: 2468: 2465: 2463: 2462: 2458: 2455: 2451: 2447: 2446: 2442: 2440: 2437: 2435: 2432: 2430: 2429: 2425: 2424: 2422: 2420: 2416: 2413: 2410: 2406: 2403: 2401: 2395: 2390: 2383: 2378: 2376: 2371: 2369: 2364: 2363: 2360: 2348: 2345: 2343: 2338: 2334: 2332: 2329: 2327: 2318: 2317: 2314: 2308: 2305: 2303: 2300: 2298: 2295: 2293: 2290: 2288: 2285: 2283: 2280: 2278: 2275: 2273: 2270: 2268: 2265: 2263: 2260: 2258: 2255: 2253: 2250: 2248: 2247:BlackBerry OS 2245: 2242: 2239: 2238: 2236: 2232: 2226: 2223: 2221: 2218: 2216: 2213: 2211: 2208: 2207: 2205: 2203: 2199: 2193: 2190: 2189: 2187: 2185: 2181: 2175: 2172: 2170: 2167: 2165: 2162: 2161: 2159: 2157: 2153: 2146: 2141: 2140: 2138: 2137: 2135: 2133: 2129: 2120: 2118: 2115: 2112: 2109: 2108: 2106: 2103: 2098: 2094: 2091: 2089: 2086: 2085: 2083: 2080: 2079: 2077: 2075: 2071: 2067: 2061: 2058: 2057: 2055: 2053: 2049: 2045: 2039: 2036: 2035: 2033: 2031: 2027: 2021: 2018: 2016: 2013: 2009: 2006: 2005: 2004: 2001: 1999: 1996: 1994: 1991: 1987: 1984: 1982: 1979: 1977: 1974: 1973: 1972: 1971:Windows Phone 1969: 1967: 1964: 1962: 1959: 1958: 1956: 1954: 1948: 1942: 1939: 1937: 1936:BlackBerry 10 1934: 1933: 1931: 1929: 1925: 1915: 1912: 1911: 1910: 1907: 1905: 1902: 1901: 1900: 1897: 1896: 1894: 1892: 1888: 1876: 1873: 1869: 1866: 1865: 1864: 1861: 1860: 1858: 1855: 1854: 1849: 1846: 1842: 1839: 1838: 1837: 1834: 1832: 1829: 1827: 1824: 1822: 1819: 1817: 1814: 1812: 1809: 1807: 1804: 1803: 1801: 1798: 1797: 1795: 1793: 1789: 1785: 1777: 1774: 1772: 1769: 1765: 1762: 1760: 1757: 1755: 1752: 1750: 1747: 1746: 1745: 1742: 1738: 1735: 1733: 1730: 1729: 1728: 1725: 1723: 1720: 1716: 1713: 1712: 1711: 1708: 1706: 1703: 1702: 1700: 1697: 1696: 1691: 1688: 1686: 1683: 1681: 1678: 1676: 1673: 1669: 1666: 1665: 1664: 1661: 1657: 1656:ChromeOS Flex 1654: 1653: 1652: 1649: 1646: 1642: 1639: 1635: 1632: 1630: 1627: 1625: 1622: 1621: 1620: 1617: 1616: 1614: 1611: 1610: 1608: 1606: 1602: 1599: 1595: 1589: 1586: 1584: 1581: 1579: 1576: 1574: 1571: 1569: 1566: 1564: 1561: 1560: 1557: 1553: 1546: 1541: 1539: 1534: 1532: 1527: 1526: 1523: 1511: 1510: 1501: 1499: 1498: 1487: 1485: 1484: 1479: 1473: 1472: 1469: 1463: 1460: 1458: 1455: 1453: 1450: 1448: 1445: 1444: 1442: 1440: 1436: 1430: 1429: 1425: 1423: 1422: 1421:Revolution OS 1418: 1416: 1413: 1411: 1408: 1406: 1403: 1401: 1400: 1396: 1394: 1393:Linux Outlaws 1391: 1387: 1386: 1382: 1381: 1380: 1379: 1375: 1373: 1372: 1368: 1366: 1365: 1364:Linux Journal 1361: 1359: 1358: 1357:Linux Gazette 1354: 1352: 1351: 1347: 1345: 1342: 1340: 1339: 1335: 1333: 1332: 1328: 1326: 1323: 1322: 1320: 1316: 1310: 1309:Linux malware 1307: 1305: 1302: 1300: 1297: 1295: 1292: 1290: 1287: 1285: 1282: 1280: 1277: 1276: 1274: 1272: 1268: 1262: 1259: 1257: 1254: 1252: 1249: 1247: 1244: 1242: 1241:Linux Counter 1239: 1237: 1234: 1233: 1231: 1229:Organizations 1227: 1219: 1216: 1214: 1211: 1210: 1209: 1206: 1204: 1201: 1199: 1196: 1194: 1191: 1189: 1186: 1184: 1181: 1179: 1176: 1175: 1173: 1171: 1170:Distributions 1167: 1161: 1160:SCO and Linux 1158: 1156: 1153: 1151: 1148: 1146: 1143: 1141: 1138: 1137: 1135: 1133:Controversies 1131: 1125: 1124: 1120: 1118: 1115: 1113: 1110: 1108: 1105: 1103: 1100: 1098: 1095: 1093: 1090: 1089: 1087: 1085: 1081: 1077: 1070: 1065: 1063: 1058: 1056: 1051: 1050: 1047: 1041: 1038: 1036: 1033: 1030: 1026: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1011: 1007: 1003: 1001: 997: 994: 992: 989: 988: 984: 980: 977: 975: 972: 971: 967: 955:on 2012-02-16 951: 944: 943: 937: 936: 932: 923: 917: 914: 909: 903: 900: 895: 889: 886: 875: 871: 865: 862: 851: 847: 841: 838: 828: 824: 820: 814: 810: 806: 802: 798: 791: 788: 785: 782: 776: 773: 761: 755: 752: 740: 733: 730: 719: 715: 709: 706: 695:on 2014-02-10 691: 684: 678: 676: 672: 662: 658: 652: 649: 642: 635: 632: 630: 627: 625: 622: 620: 617: 615: 612: 610: 607: 605: 602: 599: 595: 592: 590: 587: 586: 584: 580: 577: 574: 571: 568: 565: 563: 560: 558: 555: 553: 550: 548: 545: 543: 540: 538: 534: 530: 528: 525: 523: 522:Emdebian Grip 520: 518: 515: 513: 509: 506: 504: 501: 499: 496: 493: 490: 489: 487: 483: 480: 478: 475: 473: 470: 468: 465: 464: 462: 461: 456: 450: 445: 440: 438: 436: 433:implementing 432: 428: 424: 419: 417: 413: 409: 404: 402: 398: 390: 388: 386: 382: 377: 369: 367: 365: 361: 357: 353: 349: 345: 341: 333: 331: 329: 325: 321: 319: 315: 311: 307: 303: 301: 297: 293: 290:developed by 289: 285: 281: 277: 273: 269: 265: 262: 258: 250: 248: 246: 243: 239: 235: 231: 223: 221: 219: 215: 212: 208: 204: 200: 196: 192: 188: 184: 180: 176: 172: 168: 164: 160: 156: 148: 146: 144: 140: 136: 132: 128: 124: 120: 116: 112: 108: 103: 101: 97: 93: 89: 85: 81: 77: 73: 69: 65: 61: 57: 53: 49: 48:set-top boxes 45: 41: 37: 34:based on the 33: 19: 3699:Embedded C++ 3633: 3601:OpenEmbedded 3512:Boot loaders 3433:and controls 3414:Raspberry Pi 3285: 3275: 3263: 3255: 3250: 3247: 3235:Ken Sakamura 3230:Adam Dunkels 3133: 3127: 3120: 3113: 3095: 3088: 3036: 3028: 2976: 2943:Low resource 2931: 2924: 2917: 2885: 2859: 2852: 2806: 2805:^° kernel → 2800: 2773: 2738: 2731: 2724: 2717: 2696: 2690: 2684: 2657: 2538:Nucleus RTOS 2523: 2504: 2484: 2459: 2453: 2449: 2443: 2426: 2147:MIUI Band OS 2104: 2081: 1856: 1836:Ubuntu Touch 1816:postmarketOS 1799: 1744:OpenEmbedded 1698: 1612: 1605:Linux Kernel 1507: 1488: 1474: 1427: 1419: 1397: 1383: 1376: 1369: 1362: 1355: 1350:Linux Format 1348: 1336: 1329: 1304:Range of use 1288: 1121: 1084:Linux kernel 1010:the original 957:. Retrieved 950:the original 941: 916: 902: 888: 877:. Retrieved 873: 864: 853:. Retrieved 849: 840: 830:, retrieved 800: 790: 775: 764:. Retrieved 754: 743:. Retrieved 732: 721:. Retrieved 717: 708: 697:. Retrieved 690:the original 664:, retrieved 660: 651: 512:Raspberry Pi 455:Linux portal 427:multitasking 420: 405: 394: 373: 352:OpenEmbedded 337: 322: 304: 282:exz series, 278:such as the 257:Sharp Zaurus 254: 242:low resource 227: 152: 104: 102:in general. 38:are used in 36:Linux kernel 29: 3714:MicroPython 3654:Windows IoT 3462:Crippleware 3379:Embedded OS 3258:Microkernel 3220:Dave Cutler 3210:Gordon Bell 3115:Sintran III 2985:OpenComRTOS 2686:Chorus/Jazz 2139:Amazfit OS 2088:OpenHarmony 2070:OpenHarmony 2008:Windows 8.1 1826:Sailfish OS 1811:Manjaro ARM 1685:Maemo Leste 1399:Linux Voice 1385:Ubuntu User 1338:Full Circle 1325:DistroWatch 1198:Lightweight 1112:Kernel oops 1102:Linux-libre 1097:Linus's law 598:Ubuntu Core 537:smartphones 391:Limitations 387:framework. 344:source code 334:Communities 314:smartphones 288:Sailfish OS 276:smartphones 238:floppy disk 211:proprietary 197:, mn10300, 129:(PDAs) and 119:smartphones 115:touchscreen 107:versatility 3752:Categories 3694:Embedded C 3354:Bootloader 3277:Comparison 3202:Developers 3163:Frameworks 3105:° Standard 3083:Phantom OS 3061:µ-velOSity 2950:ChibiOS/RT 2020:Windows 11 2015:Windows 10 1993:Windows RT 1727:MontaVista 1710:Firefox OS 1629:Android Go 1031:(obsolete) 959:2009-05-08 879:2021-03-08 855:2021-03-08 832:2021-03-08 766:2016-05-13 745:2012-11-24 723:2021-04-12 699:2013-11-13 666:2019-06-05 643:References 604:LynuxWorks 589:Access Co. 510:– used on 463:Articles: 412:PREEMPT_RT 296:Nokia N900 175:ETRAX CRIS 78:(WAPs) or 64:networking 3591:Buildroot 3225:Dan Dodge 3153:UniProton 3103:RT-Thread 3077:Microware 2997:RT-Thread 2821:Microsoft 2611:T-License 2532:Integrity 2419:Unix-like 2398:Operating 2262:Magic Cap 2093:HarmonyOS 2003:Windows 8 1951:Microsoft 1737:Mobilinux 1645:HarmonyOS 1378:LinuxUser 1344:Linux.com 1236:LinuxChix 827:199583025 781:July 2022 779:Tim Bird 594:Canonical 585:Vendors: 542:Mobilinux 531:Google's 503:BuildRoot 482:TinyLinux 397:real-time 356:Buildroot 270:like the 259:family), 218:toolchain 58:(PVRs)), 52:smart TVs 30:Computer 3548:dietlibc 3440:Firmware 3431:Firmware 3287:Category 3109:ScreenOS 3049:FreeRTOS 2991:PX5 RTOS 2698:ChorusOS 2595:T-Kernel 2556:PX5 RTOS 2525:ChorusOS 2434:Junos OS 2347:Software 2132:FreeRTOS 1914:bridgeOS 1749:Ångström 1732:MotoMagx 1651:ChromeOS 1509:Category 1428:The Code 1415:Phoronix 1405:LugRadio 1289:Embedded 1279:Adopters 1271:Adoption 1025:Archived 968:See also 547:OpenMoko 441:See also 324:Starlink 300:Nokia N9 284:Openmoko 280:Motorola 245:hardware 224:Variants 72:switches 42:such as 3709:MISRA C 3596:BusyBox 3586:BitBake 3525:Barebox 3248:Italics 3192:Xenomai 3186:TI-RTOS 3148:VxWorks 3135:Harmony 3038:DioneOS 3009:ThreadX 2978:Nano-RK 2967:FunkOS° 2956:Contiki 2861:4690 OS 2854:4680 OS 2829:ThreadX 2808:Symbian 2740:REAL/32 2622:Partial 2579:support 2552:^ (OSE) 2517:Partial 2479:RTLinux 2454:Unix-RT 2411:support 2400:systems 2307:ThreadX 2277:Palm OS 2272:PalmDOS 2202:Symbian 2184:Minix 3 2142:Zepp OS 2105:Defunct 2048:FreeBSD 2038:Fuchsia 1953:Windows 1909:watchOS 1857:Defunct 1841:UBports 1831:SteamOS 1771:OpenEZX 1699:Defunct 1634:Wear OS 1619:Android 1457:Red Hat 1410:LWN.net 1284:Desktop 1092:History 629:ENEA AB 624:TimeSys 579:μClinux 562:RTLinux 552:OpenWrt 533:Android 498:BusyBox 492:Armbian 360:OpenWrt 318:tablets 306:Android 199:PowerPC 149:History 123:tablets 68:routers 62:(IVI), 3659:Win CE 3611:Toybox 3543:uClibc 3520:U-Boot 3030:BeRTOS 3015:Zephyr 2999:° Nano 2971:Mynewt 2933:VAXELN 2919:RSX-11 2907:PDP-11 2782:Wombat 2775:REX OS 2768:PikeOS 2762:LLinux 2755:kernel 2733:FlexOS 2692:JavaOS 2506:LiteOS 2497:LiteOS 2461:OS2000 2439:LynxOS 2391:(RTOS) 2340:  2324:  2243:(BREW) 2117:LiteOS 2082:Active 2052:NetBSD 2030:Zircon 1904:iPadOS 1875:Moblin 1848:Mobian 1821:PureOS 1800:Active 1759:QtMoko 1715:B2G OS 1680:LuneOS 1613:Active 1462:Ubuntu 1299:Mobile 1294:Gaming 1000:Curlie 825:  815:  573:Ubuntu 557:DD-WRT 508:Debian 362:, and 328:SpaceX 310:Google 261:TomTom 207:Xtensa 205:, and 203:SuperH 187:IP7000 155:ported 98:, and 3129:Thoth 3122:THEOS 3055:µC/OS 3044:embOS 2926:RT-11 2869:(TPF) 2793:Psion 2635:RTEMS 2544:NuttX 2409:POSIX 2234:Other 1863:Maemo 1792:Linux 1776:WebOS 1722:MeeGo 1690:Tizen 1663:KaiOS 1624:forks 1597:Linux 1318:Media 1123:more… 1076:Linux 953:(PDF) 946:(PDF) 823:S2CID 693:(PDF) 686:(PDF) 596:with 567:Tizen 348:Yocto 292:Jolla 232:is a 183:H8300 171:AVR32 46:(eg. 3689:CAPL 3563:musl 3558:lwIP 3497:UEFI 3389:FPGA 3344:ASIC 3264:° = 3256:^ = 3180:RTAI 3167:kits 3142:VRTX 3132:^ → 3090:pSOS 3073:OS-9 3003:RIOT 2887:DSOS 2802:EKA2 2666:seL4 2659:EROS 2629:eCos 2577:TRON 2562:RIOT 2486:UNOS 2450:MERT 2428:DNIX 2292:S30+ 2257:GEOS 2252:EPOC 2111:EMUI 1705:Bada 1641:EMUI 813:ISBN 634:SUSE 364:LTIB 326:and 316:and 298:and 228:The 195:MIPS 191:m68k 179:FR-V 159:CPUs 121:and 54:and 3679:Ada 3421:SoC 3394:IoT 3176:° 2 3097:RMX 3067:MQX 2910:VAX 2904:DEC 2845:IBM 2710:DOS 2689:^ ( 2467:QNX 2448:^ ( 2297:S40 2287:S30 2225:UIQ 2220:S90 2215:S80 2210:S60 1986:8.1 1928:QNX 1899:iOS 1891:XNU 1868:Mer 1788:GNU 1764:SHR 1117:Tux 998:at 805:doi 274:or 264:GPS 167:ARM 163:ARC 82:), 3754:: 3188:^° 3165:, 3085:^° 3057:^° 3051:^° 3033:^° 3017:^° 2952:^° 2895:^° 2812:^° 2810:OS 2784:^° 2764:^° 2753:L4 2701:^) 2695:+ 2668:^° 2662:^° 2564:^° 2546:^° 2452:– 2107:: 2084:: 1859:: 1802:: 1701:: 1615:: 872:. 848:. 821:, 811:, 799:, 716:. 674:^ 659:, 366:. 358:, 354:, 350:, 302:. 247:. 220:. 201:, 193:, 189:, 185:, 181:, 177:, 173:, 169:, 165:, 94:, 90:, 86:, 74:, 70:, 50:, 3322:e 3315:t 3308:v 3194:° 3182:° 3144:^ 3138:^ 3079:) 3075:( 3069:^ 3063:^ 3011:^ 3005:° 2993:^ 2987:^ 2981:° 2973:° 2964:° 2958:° 2831:^ 2778:^ 2770:^ 2637:° 2631:° 2558:^ 2540:^ 2534:^ 2528:^ 2509:° 2481:° 2475:° 2469:^ 2456:) 2381:e 2374:t 2367:v 2099:) 2095:( 2072:/ 2050:/ 1981:8 1976:7 1790:/ 1643:/ 1544:e 1537:t 1530:v 1068:e 1061:t 1054:v 962:. 924:. 882:. 858:. 807:: 769:. 748:. 726:. 702:. 410:( 20:)

Index

Embedded Linux
operating systems
Linux kernel
embedded systems
consumer electronics
set-top boxes
smart TVs
personal video recorders
in-vehicle infotainment
networking
routers
switches
wireless access points
wireless routers
machine control
industrial automation
navigation equipment
spacecraft flight software
medical instruments
versatility
in mobile devices
touchscreen
smartphones
tablets
personal digital assistants
portable media players
Graphical user interface
microcontrollers
command line interfaces
ported

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