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321:. In both cases, the opening was normally made wider on the inside of the wall than the outside. The outside was made as narrow as possible (slightly wider than the muzzle of the weapon intended to use it) so as to afford the most difficult possible shot to attackers firing back, but the inside had to be wider in order to enable the weapon to be swivelled around so as to aim over a reasonably large arc.
100:
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featured embrasures which were 'open to the sky' in that they had no overhanging structure above the recessed area. This 'open-topped' embrasure became the standard arrangement for many cruisers and battleships of the pre-WW1 period. Once hull-mounted broadside weapons disappeared from the world's
380:
result created by the sloped opening. A series of perpendicular "steps" that tapered to the gun port ensured that any incoming fire that struck the inward-facing surface of a step would be stopped or deflected laterally by the outward-facing surface of the step and not funnelled inward toward the
334:
to cover a variety of ranges easily. To sweep from side to side, however, the weapon (and its firer or crew) must bodily move from side to side to pivot around the muzzle, which is effectively fixed by the width of the opening. A horizontal loophole, on the other hand, facilitates quick sweeping
182:
is gradually abandoned because of its imprecision, in favour of those more precise of archer, crossbowman, gunner archer. The splay of the wall on the inside provides room for defending soldiers and their equipment, allowing them to get as close to the wall-face and to the arrowslit itself as
384:
On warships of the late 1860s and onwards to the First World War, the sides of a ship's hull might be recessed in locations near to a gun mounted in the hull. These recesses were also termed embrasures and were intended to allow a wider arc of fire than a standard broadside arrangement would
202:
designated more specifically the opening made in a fortified structure to allow the firing of these weapons. In modern architecture, embrasures are incorporated during construction because they are intended to receive a door or a window. These are not openings made after construction.
169:
This type of opening was flared inward - that is: the opening was very narrow on the outside, but wide on the inside, so that archers had free space of movement and aiming, while exterior attackers had as much difficulty as possible to reach them. There are embrasures especially in
329:
A distinction was made between horizontal and vertical embrasures or loopholes, depending on the orientation of the opening formed in the outside wall. A vertical loophole—which was much more common—allows the weapon to be easily raised and lowered in
301:
had had the walls pierced with large numbers of loopholes at the height of a man, which were about a palm's breadth wide at the outer surface of the walls. Behind each of these and inside the walls were stationed archers with rows of so-called
335:
across the arc in front, but makes large adjustments in elevation very difficult. These were usually used in circumstances where the range was very restricted or where rapid cover of a wide field was preferred.
350:(crossbowmen). In the 16th and 17th centuries, after the crossbow had become obsolete as a military weapon, crosslet loopholes were still sometimes created as a decorative architectural feature with
1844:
476:
A New
Universal Etymological, Technological and Pronouncing Dictionary of the English Language: Embracing All Terms Used in Art, Science, and Literature
557:
381:
gunner. In the 19th century, each step was known as a 'redent', based on Old French and Latin for 'double notching' or 'like the teeth of a saw'.
73:
1660:
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bunkers of the 20th century. This allowed for a relatively wide field of fire compared to a traditional embrasure while also minimising the
490:
Château
Gaillard: studies of medieval castellology, IX-X: proceedings of international conferences held in Basel (1978) and Durham (1980)
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1949:
306:, a small catapult which discharged iron darts, and by shooting through these embrasures they put many of the marines out of action."
2069:
497:
1854:
486:
Château
Gaillard: études de castellologie médiévale. IX-X, Actes des colloques internationaux tenus à Basel, 1978 et à Durham, 1980
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Another variation of the embrasure featured both horizontal and vertical slits arranged in the form of a cross, and was called a
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135:). Alternatively, an embrasure can be a space hollowed out throughout the thickness of a wall by the establishment of a
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featured such embrasures for fore and aft fire from the amidships battery's end guns. Later ironclads like
139:. This term designates the internal part of this space, relative to the closing device, door or window. In
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263:), and is described as a hole in a parapet through which cannons are laid to fire into the moat or field.
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158:, arrow loop or arrowslit passes through a solid wall, and thus forms an embrasure of shooting, allowing
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weapons to be fired out from the fortification while the firer remains under cover.
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However, the invention was later forgotten until reintroduced in the 12th century.
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A loophole or inverted keyhole embrasure, allowing both arrow fire (through the
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By the 19th century, a distinction was made between embrasures being used for
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possible. Examples of deep embrasures with arrowslits are to be seen at
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at the top) and small cannon fire through the circular openings,
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this refers to the outward splay of a window or of an
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385:otherwise permit. Central-battery ironclads like
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479:. Vol. 1st Vol. Henry George Collins.
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372:A stepped embrasure was often utilised on
103:Annotated sketch of an Italian battlement
279:during the siege of Syracuse in 214–212
425:
346:since it was principally intended for
432:
258:
7:
1950:Weapons Storage and Security System
507:Shuckburgh, Evelyn Shirley (1889).
131:between two raised solid portions (
127:architecture) is the opening in a
25:
41:Embrasure with 3 angles of fire,
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2448:
524:
217:
317:, and loopholes being used for
30:For the area of the mouth, see
1:
1845:British "hedgehog" road block
2255:Cities with defensive walls
1840:Defensive fighting position
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1177:
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980:
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1885:Hardened aircraft shelter
1860:Entry control point (ECP)
510:The Histories of Polybius
400:navies, so did the term.
194:With the introduction of
69:Embrasure of Chinese wall
2382:Continuity of government
513:. Macmillan and Company.
150:In ancient and medieval
2204:Motte-and-bailey castle
1910:Missile launch facility
1905:Main line of resistance
600:
27:Opening in a battlement
2280:Military installations
2144:
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178:. The generic term of
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94:Atalaya Castle (Spain)
85:
70:
62:
46:
2049:Floating water castle
1780:Admiralty scaffolding
1073:Fortified buildings (
533:at Wikimedia Commons
360:
297:(Book VIII, Ch. 5): "
271:The invention of the
256:French pronunciation:
102:
91:
76:
68:
52:
40:
32:Embrasure (dentistry)
2392:Subterranean warfare
1345:Viking ring fortress
473:Craig, John (1849).
152:military engineering
2476:Castle architecture
2209:Quadrangular castle
1945:Weapon storage area
1301:Quadrangular castle
484:The CRAHAM (1982).
364:stepped embrasure,
352:Christian symbolism
291:'s (c. 200–118 BC)
119:; sometimes called
1940:Underground hangar
1725:Fire control tower
1522:Gunpowder magazine
950:Butter-churn tower
370:
260:[ɑ̃bʁazyʁ]
191:, both in France.
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97:
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71:
63:
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2387:Military urbanism
2321:Fortified gateway
2194:Concentric castle
1958:
1957:
1875:Fire support base
1715:Coastal artillery
1590:(Spanish America)
1184:
1026:Concentric castle
529:Media related to
366:Taunton Stop Line
275:is attributed to
172:fortified castles
123:in the domain of
16:(Redirected from
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2452:
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2336:National redoubt
2265:Fortified estate
2189:Circular rampart
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1790:Anti-tank trench
1785:Air raid shelter
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1720:Disappearing gun
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1226:Motte-and-bailey
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189:Château de Coucy
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2102:Imperial castle
2075:Coercion castle
2070:Coastal defence
2053:
2015:Promontory fort
1985:Hillside castle
1954:
1870:Fallout shelter
1835:Concertina wire
1815:Border security
1768:
1679:
1388:
1021:Coercion castle
1009:Cheval de frise
991:Chemin de ronde
839:Albarrana tower
820:
765:Schwedenschanze
742:Promontory fort
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457:Shuckburgh 1889
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445:The CRAHAM 1982
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147:on the inside.
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816:Vitrified fort
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567:Fortifications
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520:External links
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77:Embrasures at
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2424:Urban warfare
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2377:Civil defense
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2229:Z-plan castle
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2199:L-plan castle
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2184:Bridge castle
2182:
2180:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2170:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2153:Refuge castle
2151:
2148:
2147:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2134:Military base
2132:
2129:
2128:
2123:
2120:
2119:
2114:
2111:
2110:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2097:Hunting lodge
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2029:
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2023:
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2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2010:Moated castle
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1995:Island castle
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
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1971:
1968:
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1963:By topography
1961:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1935:Submarine pen
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
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1918:
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1911:
1908:
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1890:Hesco bastion
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1805:Blast shelter
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1574:Place-of-arms
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1207:Machicolation
1205:
1203:
1202:L-plan castle
1200:
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933:
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899:
898:Bent entrance
896:
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883:Battery tower
881:
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869:
866:
864:
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845:
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837:
835:
834:Advanced work
832:
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799:
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766:
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758:Refuge castle
756:
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499:2-902685-01-7
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429:
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411:
408:
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401:
398:
397:
391:
390:
382:
379:
375:
367:
363:
359:
355:
353:
349:
345:
341:
340:crosslet loop
336:
333:
324:
322:
320:
316:
311:
307:
305:
300:
296:
295:
294:The Histories
290:
284:
282:
278:
274:
266:
264:
261:
253:
250:) comes from
247:
214:
206:
204:
201:
197:
192:
190:
186:
185:Aigues-Mortes
181:
177:
173:
167:
165:
161:
157:
153:
148:
146:
142:
141:fortification
138:
134:
130:
126:
125:gunpowder-era
122:
118:
114:
110:
101:
95:
92:Embrasure at
90:
84:
80:
75:
67:
60:
59:Fort-la-Latte
56:
51:
44:
39:
33:
19:
2447:
2402:Siege engine
2370:Other topics
2294:Related word
2260:Defense line
2224:Tower castle
2179:Bastion fort
2163:Urban castle
2091:Ganerbenburg
2089:
2044:Water castle
2020:Ridge castle
2005:Marsh castle
1820:Bomb shelter
1800:Belgian gate
1773:20th century
1684:19th century
1622:Retrenchment
1594:Punji sticks
1503:Entrenchment
1498:Device Forts
1465:Counterguard
1400:Early modern
1330:Tower castle
1266:Powder tower
1241:Outer bailey
1153:Inner bailey
1127:Gulyay-gorod
1095:Ganerbenburg
1093:
1089:Fujian tulou
1061:
1031:Corner tower
970:Chamber gate
940:Bridge tower
788:Trou de loup
523:
509:
489:
485:
475:
452:
440:
428:
395:
388:
383:
371:
348:arbalestiers
343:
339:
337:
328:
312:
309:
292:
286:
270:
212:
210:
199:
193:
179:
168:
149:
120:
116:
112:
108:
106:
2301:Castle town
2158:Toll castle
2127:Lustschloss
2109:Kaiserpfalz
2039:Spur castle
2034:Rock castle
1975:Hill castle
1970:Cave castle
1930:Spider hole
1830:Bremer wall
1795:Barbed tape
1691:Barbed wire
1365:Witch tower
1335:Tower house
1325:Toll castle
1311:Shield wall
1231:Murder hole
1120:Guard tower
737:Pincer gate
684:Faussebraye
410:Firing port
344:arbalestina
304:"scorpions"
198:, the term
2470:Categories
2326:Gatekeeper
2146:Ordensburg
2118:Landesburg
1925:Sentry gun
1880:Flak tower
1810:Blast wall
1730:Gun turret
1627:Sally port
1532:Kotta mara
1472:Couvreface
1436:Breastwork
1431:Blockhouse
1409:Abwurfdach
1360:Watchtower
1350:Wall tower
1306:Shell keep
1256:Portcullis
1251:Peel tower
1236:Neck ditch
1195:Landesburg
1143:Half tower
1101:Gate tower
1046:Drawbridge
888:Battlement
804:Wagon fort
647:Chengqiang
531:Embrasures
433:Craig 1849
416:References
325:Variations
299:Archimedes
277:Archimedes
129:battlement
43:Keoti Fort
18:Embrasures
2429:Guerrilla
2172:By design
1920:Revetment
1735:Land mine
1666:Star fort
1493:Crownwork
1488:Covertway
1421:Barricade
1062:Embrasure
975:Chartaque
905:Bergfried
863:Arrowslit
689:Gatehouse
659:City gate
620:Castellum
586:Acropolis
421:Citations
396:Alexandra
394:HMS
387:HMS
378:shot trap
368:, England
332:elevation
273:arrowslit
213:embrasure
211:The term
207:Etymology
200:embrasure
145:arrowslit
109:embrasure
55:arrowslit
2454:Category
2444:See also
2331:Loophole
2219:Ringwork
2214:Ringfort
2139:Obstacle
1980:Hillfort
1900:Loophole
1698:Barbette
1673:Tenaille
1656:Sea fort
1586:Presidio
1546:Magazine
1527:Hornwork
1460:Cavalier
1455:Casemate
1448:Caponier
1291:Ringwork
1179:Detinets
1148:Hoarding
1053:Enceinte
928:Bretèche
873:Bartizan
868:Barbican
844:Alcazaba
772:Stockade
752:Ringfort
732:Palisade
704:Landwehr
699:Hillfort
404:See also
389:Hercules
319:musketry
289:Polybius
196:firearms
180:loophole
156:loophole
117:crenelle
61:, France
2481:Windows
2361:Vedette
2351:Schloss
2316:Festung
2311:Dungeon
2306:Château
2250:Castles
2058:By role
1915:Pillbox
1745:Outpost
1661:Station
1649:Schanze
1632:Sandbag
1617:Redoubt
1601:Ravelin
1569:Palanka
1553:Orillon
1539:Lunette
1481:Coupure
1426:Bastion
1416:Arsenal
1384:Zwinger
1296:Roundel
1286:Ricetto
1261:Postern
1246:Outwork
1170:Kremlin
1041:Curtain
1016:Citadel
1000:Chemise
960:Caltrop
878:Bastion
851:Alcázar
747:Rampart
725:Oppidum
718:Nuraghe
664:Crannog
638:Castros
574:Ancient
466:Sources
374:pillbox
362:Pillbox
267:History
176:bunkers
133:merlons
121:gunhole
45:, India
2356:Trench
2346:Picket
1757:Sangar
1710:Bunker
1642:Sconce
1562:Ostrog
1510:Flèche
1393:Modern
1372:Yagura
1340:Turret
1276:Reduit
1214:Merlon
1158:Kasbah
1136:Gusuku
1113:Glacis
1106:Gabion
1075:church
982:Chashi
965:Castle
809:Laager
797:Vallum
754:(Rath)
629:Castra
611:Burgus
581:Abatis
496:
342:or an
315:cannon
252:French
164:gunner
160:archer
113:crenel
2397:Siege
2341:Palas
2285:Walls
2275:Forts
2238:Lists
2085:Fence
2027:Rocca
1895:Kabal
1610:Redan
1517:Gorge
1441:Canal
1318:Shiro
1281:Ribat
1271:Qalat
1083:Dzong
1079:house
779:Sudis
711:Limes
669:Ditch
602:Broch
593:Agger
488:[
287:From
83:Malta
79:Mdina
2407:list
1825:Buoy
1379:Yett
1221:Moat
1188:Ksar
1163:Keep
955:Caer
945:Burh
921:Boom
914:Berm
893:Bawn
858:Amba
694:Gord
494:ISBN
187:and
174:and
111:(or
679:Dun
281:BCE
162:or
137:bay
115:or
107:An
2472::
2446::
1081:,
1077:,
354:.
283::
243:ər
237:eɪ
81:,
1183:)
1175:(
1085:)
812:)
806:(
559:e
552:t
545:v
502:.
254:(
246:/
240:ʒ
234:r
231:b
228:ˈ
225:m
222:ɪ
219:/
215:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
