59:
1149:
and Navy
Hospital Corpsmen perform tasks that fall under the scope of practice of both doctors (i.e. sutures, staples and incision and drainages) and nurses (i.e. medication administration, foley catheter insertion, and obtaining intravenous access) and also perform splinting of injured extremities, nasogastric tube insertion, intubation, wound cauterizing, eye irrigation, and much more. Often, some civilian education and/or certification will be required such as an EMT certification, in case of the need to provide care outside the base where the member is stationed. The presence of highly trained enlisted personnel in an Emergency Departments drastically reduces the workload on nurses and doctors.
1161:, 57% of health care workers were physically assaulted in 1996. 73% were afraid of patients as a result of violence, 49% hid their identities from patients, and 74% had reduced job satisfaction. Over one-quarter of the respondents took days off because of violence. Of respondents no longer working in the emergency department, 67% reported that they had left the job at least partly owing to violence. Twenty-four-hour security and a workshop on violence prevention strategies were felt to be the most useful potential interventions. Physical exercise, sleep and the company of family and friends were the most frequent coping strategies cited by those surveyed.
401:(CMS) classified emergency departments into two types: Type A, the majority, which are open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year; and those who are not, Type B. Many US emergency departments are exceedingly busy. A study found that in 2009, there were an estimated 128,885,040 ED encounters in US hospitals. Approximately one-fifth of ED visits in 2010 were for patients under the age of 18 years. In 2009–2010, a total of 19.6 million emergency department visits in the United States were made by persons aged 65 and over. Most encounters (82.8 percent) resulted in treatment and release; 17.2 percent were admitted to inpatient care.
928:
337:. Larger communities often have walk-in clinics where people with medical problems that would not be considered serious enough to warrant an emergency department visit can be seen. These clinics often do not operate on a 24-hour basis. Very large clinics may operate as "free-standing emergency centres", which are open 24 hours and can manage a very large number of conditions. However, if a patient presents to a free-standing clinic with a condition requiring hospital admission, he or she must be transferred to an actual hospital, as these facilities do not have the capability to provide inpatient care.
1012:
requirements. Cycle time metrics are the mainstays of the evaluation and tracking of process efficiency and are less widespread since an active effort is needed to collect and analyze this data. Patient satisfaction metrics, already commonly collected by nursing groups, physician groups, and hospitals, are useful in demonstrating the impact of changes in patient perception of care over time. Since patient satisfaction metrics are derivative and subjective, they are less useful in primary process improvement. Health information exchanges can reduce nonurgent ED visits by supplying current data about
1170:
375:
1128:, limit the options of hospital personnel when an individual presents to the ER with a fabricated problem. These individuals do not account for a significant number of visits but typically require a disproportionate amount of hospital resources. To help prevent inappropriate emergency department use and return visits some hospitals offer care coordination and support services such as at-home and in-shelter transitional primary care for frequent users and short-term housing for homeless patients recovering after discharge.
1102:
possible patient transfers from admittance to X-ray diagnostics. A review of the literature bears out the logical premise that since the outcome of treatment for all diseases and injuries is time-sensitive, the sooner treatment is rendered, the better the outcome. Various studies reported significant associations between waiting times and higher mortality and morbidity among those who survived. It is clear from the literature that untimely hospital deaths and morbidity can be reduced by reductions in ED waiting times.
361:
2698:
2587:
584:
436:. Three of the five Level I trauma centres were on "diversion", meaning ambulances with all but the most severely injured patients were being directed elsewhere because the ED could not safely accommodate any more patients. This controversial practice was banned in Massachusetts (except for major incidents, such as a fire in the ED), effective 1 January 2009; in response, hospitals have devoted more staff to the ED at peak times and moved some elective procedures to non-peak times.
1111:
occurs. This often leads to crowding and can lead to delays in treatment for newly presenting cases ("arrival access block"). This is more common in densely populated areas and affects adult departments more than pediatric ones. Exit block can lead to delays for the patients awaiting inpatient beds ("boarding") and also for new patients arriving at an exit-blocked department. Proposed solutions include changes in staffing or increasing inpatient capacity.
347:
685:
against hospital staff in the departments by 50 per cent. A system of environmental signage provides location-specific information for patients. Screens provide live information about how many cases are being handled and the current status of the A&E department. Waiting times for patients to be seen at A&E were rising in the years leading up to 2020, and were hugely worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic that started in 2020.
592:
573:
3844:
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result of a growing and ageing population, compounded by the freezing or reduction of A&E capacity. Between 2010/11 and 2012/13 crowding increased by 8%, despite a rise of just 3% in A&E visits, and this trend looks set to continue. Other influential factors identified by the report included temperature (with both hotter and colder weather pushing up A&E visits), staffing and inpatient bed numbers.
3856:
867:. As such they are crucial in supporting them and can play a role in preventing suicide. At the same time, according to a study conducted in England, people who self-harm often experience that they do not receive meaningful care at the emergency department. Higher ambient temperature may also increase mental illness related emergency department presentations, particularly in females.
1089:
this problem, escalation policies are used by emergency departments when responding to an increase in demand (e.g., a sudden inflow of patients) or a reduction in capacity (e.g., a lack of beds to admit patients). The policies aim to maintain the ability to deliver patient care, without compromising safety, by modifying "normal" processes.
698:. As part of the response, walk-in Urgent Treatment Centres (UTC) were created. People potentially needing A&E treatment are recommended to phone the NHS111 line, which will either book an arrival time for A&E, or recommend a more appropriate procedure. (Information is for England; details may vary in different countries.)
1003:, and many now have full radiology facilities including CT scanners and ultrasonography equipment. Laboratory services may be handled on a priority basis by the hospital lab, or the ED may have its own "STAT Lab" for basic labs (blood counts, blood typing, toxicology screens, etc.) that must be returned very rapidly.
175:. Triage is typically conducted face-to-face when the patient presents, or a form of triage may be conducted via radio with an ambulance crew; in this method, the paramedics will call the hospital's triage center with a short update about an incoming patient, who will then be triaged to the appropriate level of care.
179:
very minor and can be treated quickly, if only advice is required, or if the emergency department is not a suitable point of care for the patient. Conversely, patients with evidently serious conditions, such as cardiac arrest, will bypass triage altogether and move straight to the appropriate part of the department.
163:, and the assignment of a "chief complaint" (e.g. chest pain, abdominal pain, difficulty breathing, etc.). Most emergency departments have a dedicated area for this process to take place and may have staff dedicated to performing nothing but a triage role. In most departments, this role is fulfilled by a triage
1148:
Emergency departments in the military benefit from the added support of enlisted personnel who are capable of performing a wide variety of tasks they have been trained for through specialized military schooling. For example, in United States
Military Hospitals, Air Force Aerospace Medical Technicians
1034:
In the United States, barriers to accessing care contribute to frequent emergency room use. The
National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey looked at the ten most common symptoms for which giving rise to emergency room visits (cough, sore throat, back pain, fever, headache, abdominal pain, chest
942:
An ED requires different equipment and different approaches than most other hospital divisions. Patients frequently arrive with unstable conditions, and so must be treated quickly. They may be unconscious, and information such as their medical history, allergies, and blood type may be unavailable. ED
855:
Some patients arrive at an emergency department for a complaint of mental illness. In many jurisdictions (including many U.S. states), patients who appear to be mentally ill and to present a danger to themselves or others may be brought against their will to an emergency department by law enforcement
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is a sudden (in most cases, unexpected) loss of heart function, breathing, and consciousness. This emergency usually results from an electrical disturbance in the heart that disrupts its pumping action, stopping blood flow to the rest of the body. It is different from a heart attack, where blood flow
439:
In 2009, there were 1,800 EDs in the country. In 2011, about 421 out of every 1,000 people in the United States visited the emergency department; five times as many were discharged as were admitted. Rural areas are the highest rate of ED visits (502 per 1,000 population) and large metro counties had
178:
Most patients will be initially assessed at triage and then passed to another area of the department, or another area of the hospital, with their waiting time determined by their clinical need. However, some patients may complete their treatment at the triage stage, for instance, if the condition is
1110:
A significant proportion of emergency patients are discharged after treatment, but many require admission for ongoing observation, treatment, or to ensure adequate social care before discharge. If patients requiring admission cannot be placed in inpatient beds swiftly, "exit block" or "access block"
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machines, and bleeding control dressings are used heavily. Survival in such cases is greatly enhanced by shortening the wait for key interventions, and in recent years some of this specialized equipment has spread to pre-hospital settings. The best-known example is defibrillators, which spread first
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in less than 30 days, length of stay, and patient satisfaction. The probability of death increases each 3 minutes for 1% in case of major injuries in the abdomen part. (Journal of Trauma and Acute Care
Surgery) Equipment in emergency departments follows the prompt treatment principle with the least
786:(PTCA). Both of these are effective in reducing significantly the mortality of myocardial infarction. Many centers are now moving to the use of PTCA as it is somewhat more effective than thrombolysis if it can be administered early. This may involve transfer to a nearby facility with facilities for
656:
that required departments in
England to assess and treat patients within four hours of arrival, with referral and assessment by other departments if deemed necessary. It was expected that the patients would have physically left the department within the four hours. Present policy is that 95% of all
186:
area, commonly referred to as "Trauma" or "Resus", is a key area in most departments. The most seriously ill or injured patients will be dealt with in this area, as it contains the equipment and staff required for dealing with immediately life-threatening illnesses and injuries. In such situations,
1088:
Emergency department overcrowding is when function of a department is hindered by an inability to treat all patients in an adequate manner. This is a common occurrence in emergency departments worldwide. Overcrowding causes inadequate patient care which leads to poorer patient outcomes. To address
856:
officers for psychiatric examination. The emergency department conducts medical clearance rather than treats acute behavioral disorders. From the emergency department, patients with significant mental illness will be transferred to a psychiatric unit (in many cases involuntarily). In recent years,
842:
Some emergency departments in smaller hospitals are located near a helipad which is used by helicopters to transport a patient to a trauma centre. This inter-hospital transfer is often done when a patient requires advanced medical care unavailable at the local facility. In such cases the emergency
676:
In July 2014, the
QualityWatch research programme published in-depth analysis which tracked 41 million A&E attendances from 2010 to 2013. This showed that the number of patients in a department at any one time was closely linked to waiting times, and that crowding in A&E had increased as a
321:
Signs on emergency departments may contain additional information. In some
American states, there is close regulation of the design and content of such signs. For example, California requires wording such as "Comprehensive Emergency Medical Service" and "Physician On Duty", to prevent persons in
215:
Patients who exhibit signs of being seriously ill but are not in immediate danger of life or limb will be triaged to "acute care" or "majors", where they will be seen by a physician and receive a more thorough assessment and treatment. Examples of "majors" include chest pain, difficulty breathing,
684:
Many A&E departments are crowded and confusing. Many of those attending are understandably anxious, and some are mentally ill, and especially at night are under the influence of alcohol or other substances. Pearson Lloyd's redesign – 'A Better A&E' – is claimed to have reduced aggression
191:
training. These personnel may be assigned to the resuscitation area for the entirety of the shift or may be "on call" for resuscitation coverage (i.e. if a critical case presents via walk-in triage or ambulance, the team will be paged to the resuscitation area to deal with the case immediately).
151:
Today, a typical hospital has its emergency department in its own section of the ground floor of the grounds, with its own dedicated entrance. As patients can arrive at any time and with any complaint, a key part of the operation of an emergency department is the prioritization of cases based on
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are issues that lead to incorrect medication distribution or potential for patient harm. As of 2014, around 3% of all hospital-related adverse effects were due to medication errors in the emergency department (ED); between 4% and 14% of medications given to patients in the ED were incorrect and
289:
Fast decisions on life-and-death cases are critical in hospital emergency departments. As a result, doctors face great pressures to overtest and overtreat. The fear of missing something often leads to extra blood tests and imaging scans for what may be harmless chest pains, run-of-the-mill head
143:
Accident services were provided by workmen's compensation plans, railway companies, and municipalities in Europe and the United States by the late mid-nineteenth century, but the world's first specialized trauma care center was opened in 1911 in the United States at the
University of Louisville
1198:
The ED is a riskier environment than other areas of the hospital due to medical practitioners not knowing the patient as well as they know longer term hospital patients, due to time pressure caused by overcrowding, and due to the emergency-driven nature of the medicine that is practiced there.
622:
A&E services are provided to all, without charge. Other NHS medical care, including hospital treatment following an emergency, is free of charge only to all who are "ordinarily resident" in
Britain; residency rather than citizenship is the criterion (details on charges vary from country to
532:
In addition to the normal hospital based emergency departments a trend has developed in some states (including Texas and
Colorado) of emergency departments not attached to hospitals. These new emergency departments are referred to as free standing emergency departments. The rationale for these
680:
A&E services in the UK are often the focus of a great deal of media and political interest, and data on A&E performance is published weekly. However, this is only one part of a complex urgent and emergency care system. Reducing A&E waiting times therefore requires a comprehensive,
308:
is deprecated in the United Kingdom but still in common parlance. It is also still in use in Hong Kong. Earlier terms such as 'casualty' or 'casualty department' were previously used officially and continue to be used informally. The same applies to 'emergency room', 'emerg', or 'ER' in North
1011:
Metrics applicable to the ED can be grouped into three main categories, volume, cycle time, and patient satisfaction. Volume metrics including arrivals per hour, percentage of ED beds occupied, and age of patients are understood at a basic level at all hospitals as an indication for staffing
835:. A patient's chance of survival is greatly improved if the patient receives definitive treatment (i.e. surgery or reperfusion) within one hour of an accident (such as a car accident) or onset of acute illness (such as a heart attack). This critical time frame is commonly known as the "
695:
an illness or injury that requires urgent attention but is not a life-threatening situation. Urgent care services include a phone consultation through the NHS111 Clinical Assessment Service, pharmacy advice, out-of-hours GP appointments, and/or referral to an urgent treatment centre
688:
In response to the year-on-year increasing pressure on A&E units, followed by the unprecedented effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, the NHS in late 2020 proposed a radical change to handling of urgent and emergency care, separating "emergency" and "urgent". Emergencies are
431:
One inspection of Los Angeles area hospitals by Congressional staff found the EDs operating at an average of 116% of capacity (meaning there were more patients than available treatment spaces) with insufficient beds to accommodate victims of a terrorist attack the size of the
1119:
Frequent emergency service users are individuals who present themselves at a hospital much more often than non-frequent presenters. Many frequent users are homeless individuals seeking shelter and food at the hospital. Federal laws and regulations in the United States, like
301:
became commonly used when emergency medicine was recognized as a medical specialty, and hospitals and medical centres developed departments of emergency medicine to provide services. Other common variations include 'emergency ward', 'emergency centre' or 'emergency unit'.
808:
or a major fall, is initially handled in the Emergency Department. However, trauma is a separate (surgical) specialty from emergency medicine (which is itself a medical specialty, and has certifications in the United States from the American Board of Emergency Medicine).
978:
teams. Often, joint training and practice drills are organized to improve the coordination of this complex response system. Busy EDs exchange a great deal of equipment with ambulance crews, and both must provide for replacing, returning, or reimbursing for costly items.
1665:, Washington, D.C.: United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, Findings of the March 25, 2008 survey of thirty-four (34) Level I trauma centers in seven cities: Chicago, Denver, Houston, Los Angeles, Minneapolis, New York City and Washington, D.C.
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provider. However, subsequent studies have shown that identifying non-emergency visits based on discharge diagnoses is inaccurate because people commonly present for emergency care for other reasons and are assigned a diagnosis after testing and evaluation.
427:
A survey of New York area doctors in February 2007 found that injuries and even deaths have been caused by excessive waits for hospital beds by ED patients. A 2005 patient survey found an average ED wait time from 2.3 hours in Iowa to 5.0 hours in Arizona.
228:
scanning. Medications appropriate to manage the patient's condition will also be given. Depending on underlying causes of the patient's chief complaint, he or she may be discharged home from this area or admitted to the hospital for further treatment.
998:
Because time is such an essential factor in emergency treatment, EDs typically have their own diagnostic equipment to avoid waiting for equipment installed elsewhere in the hospital. Nearly all have radiographic examination rooms staffed by dedicated
954:, and others who are occasionally based in an ED. The pre-hospital providers may use equipment unfamiliar to the average physician, but ED physicians must be expert in using (and safely removing) specialized equipment, since devices such as
423:
Rates of ED visits rose between 2006 and 2011 for almost every patient characteristic and location. The total rate of ED visits increased 4.5% in that time. However, the rate of visits for patients under one year of age declined 8.3%.
317:
Regardless of naming convention, there is a widespread usage of directional signage in white text on a red background across the world, which indicates the location of the emergency department, or a hospital with such facilities.
1067:
units. These units are for people with non-life-threatening injuries. The use of these units within a department have been shown to significantly improve the flow of patients through a department and to reduce waiting times.
777:
An ECG that reveals ST segment elevation suggests complete blockage of one of the main coronary arteries. These patients require immediate reperfusion (re-opening) of the occluded vessel. This can be achieved in two ways:
2711:
Clarke, John R.; Trooskin, Stanley Z.; Doshi, Prashant J.; Greenwald, Lloyd; Mode, Charles J. (March 2002). "Time to Laparotomy for Intra-abdominal Bleeding from Trauma Does Affect Survival for Delays Up to 90 Minutes".
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148:. It was further developed in the 1930s by surgeon Arnold Griswold, who also equipped police and fire vehicles with medical supplies and trained officers to give emergency care while en route to the hospital.
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require special procedures. Among other reasons, given that they must be able to handle specialized equipment, physicians can now specialize in emergency medicine, and EDs employ many such specialists.
374:
762:
Patients arriving to the emergency department with a myocardial infarction (heart attack) are likely to be triaged to the resuscitation area. They will receive oxygen and monitoring and have an early
440:
the lowest (319 visits per 1,000 population). By region, the Midwest had the highest rate of ED visits (460 per 1,000 population) and Western States had the lowest (321 visits per 1,000 population).
416:, to provide appropriate medical examination and emergency treatment to all individuals seeking treatment for a medical condition, regardless of citizenship, legal status, or ability to pay. Like an
2402:"Statewide Health Information Exchange Provides Daily Alerts About Emergency Department and Inpatient Visits, Helping Health Plans and Accountable Care Organizations Reduce Utilization and Costs"
1510:
Wier LM, Hao Y, Owens P, Washington R. Overview of Children in the Emergency Department, 2010. HCUP Statistical Brief #157. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD. May 2013.
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to a part of the heart is blocked. Cardiac arrest may occur in the ED/A&E or a patient may be transported by ambulance to the emergency department already in this state. Treatment is basic
770:
or not already administered by the ambulance team; morphine or diamorphine will be given for pain; sub lingual (under the tongue) or buccal (between cheek and upper gum) glyceryl trinitrate (
691:
life-threatening illnesses or accidents which require immediate, intensive treatment. Services that should be accessed in an emergency include ambulance (via 999) and emergency departments
3113:"Short-Term Housing and Care for Homeless Individuals After Discharge Leads to Improvements in Medical and Housing Status, Fewer Emergency Department Visits, and Significant Cost Savings"
187:
the time in which the patient is treated is crucial. Typical resuscitation staffing involves at least one attending physician, and at least one and usually two nurses with trauma and
3408:
2824:"Association between waiting times and short term mortality and hospital admission after departure from emergency department: population based cohort study from Ontario, Canada"
1059:
In the United States, and many other countries, hospitals are beginning to create areas in their emergency rooms for people with minor injuries. These are commonly referred as
2305:"Ambient maximum daily temperature and mental health-related presentations to a western Sydney emergency department, 2015–2019: analysis of hospital and meteorological data"
2123:
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4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
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2872:
2080:
1906:
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to deny coverage. In 2004, a study found that emergency room visits were the most common reason for appealing disputes over coverage after receiving service. In 2017,
405:
267:
whose job is to put children at ease to reduce the anxiety caused by visiting the emergency department, as well as provide distraction therapy for simple procedures.
132:
and require immediate attention. In some countries, emergency departments have become important entry points for those without other means of access to medical care.
128:
Due to the unplanned nature of patient attendance, the department must provide initial treatment for a broad spectrum of illnesses and injuries, some of which may be
3680:
3112:
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clinics are another alternative, where patients can go to receive immediate care for non-life-threatening conditions. To reduce the strain on limited ED resources,
3090:
2401:
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2352:
Thompson, Rhiannon; Lawrance, Emma L; Roberts, Lily F; Grailey, Kate; Ashrafian, Hutan; Maheswaran, Hendramoorthy; Toledano, Mireille B; Darzi, Ara (July 2023).
232:
Patients whose condition is not immediately life-threatening will be sent to an area suitable to deal with them, and these areas might typically be termed as a
58:
2518:"Emergency Medical Technicians Use Checklist To Identify Intoxicated Individuals who Can Safely Go to Detoxification Facility Rather Than Emergency Department"
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courses. Cardiac arrest is not a condition that can be self-diagnosed. It requires immediate medical attention and diagnosis by a healthcare professional.
216:
abdominal pain and neurological complaints. Advanced diagnostic testing may be conducted at this stage, including laboratory testing of blood and/or urine,
212:
and students of any of these professions depending upon the skill mix needed for any given case and whether or not the hospital provides teaching services.
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3893:
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3695:
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services in Saudi Arabia were effective in reducing emergency department overload by providing medical advice to patients with less urgent medical issues.
3412:
1860:
1529:
616:
398:
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Errors can arise if the doctor prescribes the wrong medication, if the prescription intended by the doctor is not the one actually communicated to the
360:
3672:
3395:
2796:
1013:
653:
3091:"Provider Team Offers Services and Referrals to Frequent Emergency Department Users in Inner City, Leading to Anecdotal Reports of Lower Utilization"
3690:
135:
The emergency departments of most hospitals operate 24 hours a day, although staffing levels may be varied in an attempt to reflect patient volume.
1342:
3710:
536:
These departments have attracted controversy due to consumer confusion around their prices and insurance coverage. In 2017, the largest operator,
31:
2470:
3720:
3560:
1679:
3416:
1533:
1269:
880:
649:
3715:
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2061:
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to police cars and fire apparatus, and most recently to public spaces such as airports, office buildings, hotels, and even shopping malls.
167:, although dependent on training levels in the country and area, other health care professionals may perform the triage sorting, including
533:
operations is the ability to operate outside of hospital policies that may lead to increased wait times and reduced patient satisfaction.
4475:
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3800:
3730:
3705:
1552:
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2014:
2000:
619:). The term "A&E" is widely recognised and used rather than the full name; it is used on road signs, official documentation, etc.
1632:
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3329:
2904:
2142:
1925:
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604:
352:
3134:
Alfaleh, Amjad; Alkattan, Abdullah; Alageel, Alaa; Salah, Mohammed; Almutairi, Mona; Sagor, Khlood; Alabdulkareem, Khaled (2022).
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or misheard verbal order, if the pharmacy dispenses the wrong medication, or if the medication is then given to the wrong person.
3555:
3497:
3437:
3055:
Mandelberg JH, Kuhn RE, Kohn MA (June 2000). "Epidemiologic analysis of an urban, public emergency department's frequent users".
1733:
992:
737:
366:
1605:
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pain, other pain, shortness of breath, vomiting) and made suggestions as to which would be the most cost-effective choice among
860:
have been developed to relieve pressure on hospital emergency departments and improve the treatment of psychiatric emergencies.
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3794:
3734:
3507:
1250:
A Reference Handbook of the Medical Sciences Embracing the Entire Range of Scientific and Practical Medicine and Allied Science
39:
35:
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Gresser J (18 November 2009). "NC president found hospital a "pleasant surprise"". Barton, Vermont: the Chronicle. p. 21.
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3776:
3136:"The role of telemedicine services in changing users' intentions for presenting to the emergency departments in Saudi Arabia"
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America, originating when emergency facilities were provided in a single room of the hospital by the department of surgery.
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4347:
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2654:"Emergency Department Escalation in Theory and Practice: A Mixed-Methods Study Using a Model of Organizational Resilience"
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987:
745:
188:
183:
50:
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1169:
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821:
817:
666:
658:
599:
All accident and emergency (A&E) departments throughout the United Kingdom are financed and managed publicly by the
577:
2496:"Comparison of Presenting Complaint vs Discharge Diagnosis for Identifying " Nonemergency" Emergency Department Visits"
2158:"Experiences of care for self-harm in the emergency department: the perspectives of patients, carers and practitioners"
1888:
1787:"Analysis of a Commercial Insurance Policy to Deny Coverage for Emergency Department Visits With Nonemergent Diagnoses"
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3966:
3847:
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2423:
Rust, George; Ye, Jiali; Baltrus, Peter; Daniels, Elvan; Adesunloye, Bamidele; Fryer, George Edward (25 August 2008).
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Triage is normally the first stage the patient passes through, and consists of a brief assessment, including a set of
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225:
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2605:"Emergency department overcrowding in the United States: an emerging threat to patient safety and public health"
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Type 1 department – major A&E, providing a consultant-led 24 hour service with full resuscitation facilities
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1390:
670:
413:
824:. Some other international training bodies have started to run similar courses based on the same principles.
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to health plans and accountable care organizations, allowing them to shift ED use to primary care settings.
844:
662:
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patient cases do not "breach" this four-hour wait. The busiest departments in the UK outside London include
600:
323:
63:
46:
3392:
3194:
Fernandes CM, Bouthillette F, Raboud JM, Bullock L, Moore CF, Christenson JM, et al. (November 1999).
2800:
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2424:
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Historically, waits for assessment in A&E were very long in some areas of the UK. In October 2002, the
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836:
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245:
205:
2955:"Characteristics of frequent emergency department presenters to an Australian emergency medicine network"
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2425:"Practical Barriers to Timely Primary Care Access: Impact on Adult Use of Emergency Department Services"
1208:
757:
282:. There is typically at least one room for people who are actively a risk to themselves or others (e.g.
1836:"Inside the Black Box of Managed Care Decisions: Understanding Patient Disputes over Coverage Denials"
1293:"A systematic review of triage-related interventions to improve patient flow in emergency departments"
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1952:
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1024:
771:
145:
3236:
1640:, Washington, D.C.: United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, archived from
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3341:
An Introduction To Clinical Emergency Medicine: Guide for Practitioners in the Emergency Department
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Emergency department (ED) waiting times have a serious impact on patient mortality, morbidity with
916:
828:
583:
221:
113:
care of patients who present without prior appointment; either by their own means or by that of an
2749:"The relationship between emergency department crowding and patient outcomes: a systematic review"
2256:"Transcriptional profiling of lung cell populations in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension"
2207:"Transcriptional profiling of lung cell populations in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension"
1254:
4327:
4276:
4153:
4138:
4117:
4098:
3946:
3920:
3758:
3662:
3453:
3173:
2935:
2686:
1080:
to identify intoxicated individuals who can be safely sent to detoxification facilities instead.
1028:
1020:
904:
193:
106:
3386:
333:
and Canada, a smaller facility that may provide assistance in medical emergencies is known as a
4205:
4148:
4112:
4108:
4016:
4001:
3981:
3971:
3657:
3492:
3477:
3382:
3374:
3344:
3325:
3297:
3217:
3165:
3072:
2986:
2927:
2853:
2778:
2729:
2678:
2634:
2575:
2444:
2383:
2375:
2334:
2326:
2285:
2254:
Saygin D, Tabib T, Bittar HE, Valenzi E, Sembrat J, Chan SY, et al. (22 September 2021).
2236:
2187:
2097:
1816:
1741:
1484:
1435:
1324:
975:
971:
763:
637:
129:
1291:
Oredsson S, Jonsson H, Rognes J, Lind L, Göransson KE, Ehrenberg A, et al. (July 2011).
4266:
4189:
4103:
4054:
3916:
3287:
3277:
3207:
3155:
3147:
3064:
2976:
2966:
2919:
2843:
2835:
2768:
2760:
2721:
2668:
2624:
2616:
2565:
2555:
2495:
2436:
2365:
2316:
2275:
2267:
2226:
2218:
2177:
2169:
1806:
1798:
1474:
1466:
1425:
1417:
1314:
1304:
1180:
805:
767:
561:
417:
110:
4271:
4179:
3976:
3399:
3378:
2303:
Ooi, Wen Yu Claire; Braund, Taylor A; Elhindi, James; Harris, Anthony WF (15 April 2024).
1641:
1556:
959:
863:
Emergency departments are often the first point of contact with healthcare for people who
799:
444:
Most common reasons for discharged emergency department visits in the United States, 2011
253:
241:
217:
2304:
2205:
Saygin D, Tabib T, Bittar HE, Valenzi E, Sembrat J, Chan SY, et al. (7 March 2022).
412:, that requires emergency departments, if the associated hospital receives payments from
259:
Children can present particular challenges in treatment. Some departments have dedicated
1835:
1550:
1511:
1248:
572:
4312:
4261:
4215:
4174:
3589:
3551:
3540:
3292:
3265:
3212:
3195:
3160:
3135:
3068:
3006:"Shelters, hospitals 'playing ping pong' with Philadelphia's homeless, sick population"
2981:
2954:
2848:
2823:
2773:
2748:
2629:
2604:
2570:
2543:
2280:
2255:
2231:
2206:
2182:
2157:
1929:
1811:
1786:
1479:
1430:
1405:
1319:
1292:
1228:
1048:
908:
892:
888:
884:
728:
723:
641:
537:
271:
2673:
2370:
1802:
1051:. Notably, certain complaints may also be addressed by a telephone call to a person's
591:
290:
bumps, and non-threatening stomach aches, with a high cost on the health care system.
240:
area. Such patients may still have been found to have significant problems, including
4488:
4342:
4322:
4169:
4092:
4021:
3517:
3393:
Physicians on Call: California's Patchwork Approach to Emergency Department Coverage
3177:
2725:
1609:
1040:
983:
832:
774:) (GTN or NTG) will be given, unless contraindicated by the presence of other drugs.
330:
279:
2939:
1861:"Anthem ER policy could deny 1 in 6 visits if universally adopted, JAMA study warns"
816:
who have been trained using the principles taught in the internationally recognized
633:
Type 2 department – single specialty A&E service (e.g. ophthalmology, dentistry)
17:
4317:
4133:
3996:
3941:
3512:
2690:
1549:
HCUP Statistical Brief #155. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. May 2013.
1052:
1000:
967:
896:
779:
741:
733:
608:
553:
275:
264:
197:
122:
1522:
Emergency Department Visits by Persons Aged 65 and Over: United States, 2009–2010.
2440:
946:
ED staff must also interact efficiently with pre-hospital care providers such as
943:
staff are trained to work quickly and effectively even with minimal information.
4075:
3647:
3611:
3365:
2923:
2873:"Shortening Emergency Department Waiting Times through Evidenced-Based Practice"
2353:
2124:"When to visit an urgent treatment centre (walk-in centre or minor injury unit)"
1069:
1044:
932:
900:
857:
813:
787:
783:
209:
160:
1663:
Emergency Surge Capacity: The Failure to Prepare for the "Predictable Surprise"
1421:
564:
expanded this denial coverage more broadly, provoking public policy reactions.
4048:
4042:
3991:
3823:
3632:
3546:
3151:
2652:
Back J, Ross AJ, Duncan MD, Jaye P, Henderson K, Anderson JE (November 2017).
2354:"Ambient temperature and mental health: a systematic review and meta-analysis"
1137:
1036:
951:
380:
Trilingual signage in French, Dutch and English at an emergency department in
260:
2379:
2330:
2041:
1978:
4037:
3742:
3627:
3594:
2971:
2560:
1309:
1158:
936:
864:
612:
172:
168:
114:
3871:
3301:
3221:
3169:
3076:
2990:
2931:
2857:
2782:
2733:
2682:
2638:
2579:
2448:
2387:
2338:
2289:
2240:
2191:
2081:
Transformation of urgent and emergency care: models of care and measurement
1820:
1745:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1488:
1439:
1328:
2271:
1661:
Committee on Oversight and Government Reform Majority Staff (5 May 2008),
1587:
4011:
3903:
3652:
3642:
3637:
2620:
2046:
2001:"An alternative guide to the urgent and emergency care system in England"
1470:
1188:
827:
The services that are provided in an emergency department can range from
804:
Major trauma, the term for patients with multiple injuries, often from a
381:
118:
3282:
2222:
2173:
1631:
Committee on Oversight and Government Reform Majority Staff (May 2008),
1455:"Casualty, accident and emergency, or emergency medicine, the evolution"
4069:
4006:
3266:"Strategies for reducing medication errors in the emergency department"
3196:"Violence in the emergency department: a survey of health care workers"
2321:
1907:"How to access NHS services in England if you are visiting from abroad"
1454:
385:
326:
from presenting to facilities that are not fully equipped and staffed.
283:
2839:
2764:
556:
insurance company more, and therefore the insurance company may apply
3522:
3422:
3404:
2799:. Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care. 2008. Archived from
1521:
1223:
1157:
According to a survey at an urban inner-city tertiary care center in
1121:
876:
334:
153:
1734:"Overview of Emergency Department Visits in the United States, 2011"
1297:
Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine
1785:
Chou SC, Gondi S, Baker O, Venkatesh AK, Schuur JD (October 2018).
1834:
Gresenz CR, Studdert DM, Campbell NF, Hensler DR, Kapur K (2004).
1740:(174). Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.
1168:
1125:
926:
590:
582:
571:
249:
164:
57:
1606:"Emergency Department Wait Times Vary by State, Study Finds, USA"
1576:(179). Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.
982:
Cardiac arrest and major trauma are relatively common in EDs, so
62:
The main patient area inside the Mobile Medical Unit operated in
3405:
Wait Time for Treatment in Hospital Emergency Departments, 2009.
1077:
947:
3875:
3426:
2905:"Exit block in emergency departments: a rapid evidence review"
1547:
Emergency Department Transfers to Acute Care Facilities, 2009.
3115:. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. 23 October 2013
2404:. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. 29 January 2014
1343:"ER doctors: Lawsuit fears lead to overtesting - Yahoo! News"
27:
Medical treatment facility specializing in emergency medicine
3031:"Emergency Medical Treatment & Labor Act (EMTALA) | CMS"
2822:
Guttmann A, Schull MJ, Vermeulen MJ, Stukel TA (June 2011).
2498:. Journal of the American Medical Association. 20 March 2013
966:
ED staff have much in common with ambulance and fire crews,
875:
Acute exacerbations of chronic respiratory diseases, mainly
2520:. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. 13 March 2013
1501:
Title 22, California Code of Regulations, Section 70453(j).
2471:"How to (Maybe) Avoid Sticker Shock at the Emergency Room"
626:
In England departments are divided into three categories:
3093:. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. 27 May 2013
1023:
there are out of hours medical consultations provided by
831:
and the setting of broken bones to those of a full-scale
681:
coordinated strategy across a range of related services.
1926:"What's going on in A&E? The key questions answered"
931:
An emergency department in the Danish town of
3371:
2015:"A&E department redesign 'cuts aggression by half'"
1568:
Skiner HG, Blanchard J, Elixhauser A (September 2014).
740:(AED), and advanced life support as taught in advanced
2217:(1). National Institute for Health and Care Research.
1732:
Weiss AJ, Wier LM, Stocks C, Blanchard J (June 2014).
270:
Many hospitals have a separate area for evaluation of
883:(COPD), are assessed as emergencies and treated with
4356:
4290:
4239:
4198:
4162:
4126:
4085:
4030:
3927:
3816:
3729:
3671:
3620:
3531:
3460:
1634:
Snapshot of Emergency Surge Capacity in Los Angeles
2544:"Emergency department triage: an ethical analysis"
2542:Aacharya RP, Gastmans C, Denier Y (October 2011).
1570:"Trends in Emergency Department Visits, 2006–2011"
105:, is a medical treatment facility specializing in
30:Several terms redirect here. For other uses, see
117:. The emergency department is usually found in a
3189:
3187:
1680:"State orders hospital ERs to halt 'diversions'"
406:Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act
45:"Resus" redirects here. Not to be confused with
3681:International Federation for Emergency Medicine
2598:
2596:
1406:"Emergency medicine: past, present, and future"
919:in many cases of severe exacerbations of COPD.
3685:International Conference on Emergency Medicine
3264:Weant KA, Bailey AM, Baker SN (23 July 2014).
784:percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
3887:
3438:
3259:
3257:
2747:Carter EJ, Pouch SM, Larson EL (March 2014).
8:
3701:Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians
3409:U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
3368:(US) (National Center for Health Statistics)
2903:Mason S, Knowles E, Boyle A (January 2017).
2898:
2896:
2894:
1979:"NHS Winter 2014–15: Weekly A&E tracker"
1526:U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
552:, which typically costs the patient and the
367:Mayo Clinic Hospital in Rochester, Minnesota
192:Resuscitation cases may also be attended by
3807:Care of the Critically Ill Surgical Patient
3696:Australasian College for Emergency Medicine
3322:Handbook of Emergency Department Procedures
2875:. Locatible Health Tech Hub. Archived from
1883:
1881:
1453:Sakr, M.; Wardrope, J. (1 September 2000).
923:Special facilities, training, and equipment
3894:
3880:
3872:
3445:
3431:
3423:
3413:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
3235:Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and.
1530:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
915:in the ED has reduced the requirement for
548:Patients may visit the emergency room for
442:
399:Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
3291:
3281:
3211:
3159:
2980:
2970:
2847:
2772:
2672:
2628:
2569:
2559:
2537:
2535:
2435:(15). JAMA Internal Medicine: 1705–1710.
2369:
2320:
2279:
2230:
2181:
2042:"Hospital 'long-waiters' show sharp rise"
1810:
1478:
1429:
1391:"What can I expect when I go to A&E?"
1318:
1308:
654:four-hour target in emergency departments
420:, there are no reimbursement provisions.
3691:American College of Emergency Physicians
3339:Mahadevan, Swaminatha V. (26 May 2005).
2714:Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery
2603:Trzeciak S, Rivers EP (September 2003).
1959:. Nuffield Trust & Health Foundation
1410:Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine
341:Examples of emergency department signage
3711:European Society for Emergency Medicine
2953:Markham D, Graudins A (December 2011).
1240:
644:, treating minor injuries and illnesses
595:UK road sign to a hospital with A&E
339:
152:clinical need. This process is called
32:Accident and Emergency (disambiguation)
3721:American Academy of Emergency Medicine
1760:"Hedge fund takes over Adeptus Health"
549:
3417:National Center for Health Statistics
2469:Klasco R, Zane R (6 September 2018).
2086:(Report). NHS. December 2020. PAR122.
1534:National Center for Health Statistics
1014:admissions, discharges, and transfers
881:chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
263:areas, and some departments employ a
7:
3716:Asian Society for Emergency Medicine
3237:"Medication Errors Related to Drugs"
1699:"Hospitals shorten the waits in ERs"
1184:children were particularly at risk.
3801:Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics
3706:Royal College of Emergency Medicine
3320:Bache JB, Armitt C, Gadd C (2003).
2156:Robinson J, Bailey E (March 2022).
1153:Violence against healthcare workers
603:(NHS of each constituent country:
3069:10.1111/j.1553-2712.2000.tb02037.x
1588:"ER Wait Time Problems Widespread"
1545:Kindermann D, Mutter R, Pines JM.
1093:Emergency department waiting times
636:Type 3 department – other A&E/
587:A&E sign in the United Kingdom
544:Overuse and utilization management
25:
2674:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2017.04.032
2098:"About urgent and emergency care"
1803:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.3731
1678:Kowalczyk L (13 September 2008).
1270:"30 Ways We've Changed the World"
353:Santa Clara Valley Medical Center
329:In some countries, including the
79:accident and emergency department
3854:
3843:
3842:
3498:International emergency medicine
3004:Burling, Stacey (28 June 2018).
2726:10.1097/00005373-200203000-00002
2696:
2585:
1697:Kowalczyk L (24 December 2008).
1076:created a checklist that allows
738:Automated External Defibrillator
576:The emergency department at the
373:
359:
345:
306:Accident and emergency (A&E)
3855:
3795:Pediatric Advanced Life Support
3508:Pre-hospital emergency medicine
2066:The British Medical Association
1953:"Focus on: A&E attendances"
766:; aspirin will be given if not
40:Emergency ward (disambiguation)
36:Emergency room (disambiguation)
3783:Acute Care of at-Risk Newborns
3777:Neonatal Resuscitation Program
3343:. Cambridge University Press.
3270:Open Access Emergency Medicine
2871:Sharon TA (7 September 2015).
2753:Journal of Nursing Scholarship
2003:. King's Fund. 7 January 2015.
1214:Emergency department in France
693:. Urgent requirements are for
1:
3765:Advanced cardiac life support
3748:Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
2429:Archives of Internal Medicine
2371:10.1016/s2542-5196(23)00104-3
2040:Triggle, Nick (11 May 2017).
1276:(Summer 2000). Archived from
1257:– via Internet Archive.
782:(clot-busting medication) or
746:advanced cardiac life support
663:North Wales Regional Hospital
518:Superficial injury, contusion
474:Superficial injury, contusion
278:and mental health nurses and
274:. These are often staffed by
189:Advanced Cardiac Life Support
51:Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
3789:Pediatric basic life support
3771:Advanced trauma life support
3754:Mouth-to-mouth resuscitation
3503:Pediatric emergency medicine
2661:Annals of Emergency Medicine
2441:10.1001/archinte.168.15.1705
2309:Medical Journal of Australia
1404:Bache, John (12 June 2005).
1191:due to an illegibly written
986:, automatic ventilation and
956:military anti-shock trousers
822:American College of Surgeons
818:Advanced Trauma Life Support
667:Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh
659:University Hospital of Wales
578:Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh
4226:Veterans medical facilities
3967:Hospital information system
3372:Academic Emergency Medicine
3057:Academic Emergency Medicine
2924:10.1136/emermed-2015-205201
2358:The Lancet Planetary Health
2062:"NHS backlog data analysis"
847:the patient for transport.
702:Critical conditions handled
4516:
4144:Tertiary referral hospital
3473:Emergency medical services
2912:Emergency Medicine Journal
2609:Emergency Medicine Journal
1459:Emergency Medicine Journal
1422:10.1177/014107680509800603
1219:Emergency medical services
1175:Dartmouth General Hospital
991:to ambulances, then in an
797:
755:
721:
434:2004 Madrid train bombings
44:
29:
4452:
4199:Limited class of patients
3910:
3837:
3152:10.1177/20552076221091358
2213:(Plain English summary).
1981:. BBC News. 13 March 2015
1764:BeckersHospitalReview.com
1253:. W. Wood. 1908. p.
1074:American Medical Response
3648:Epinephrine / Adrenaline
1951:Blunt I (24 July 2014).
1491:– via emj.bmj.com.
1173:Emergency Department of
671:Queen Alexandra Hospital
4454:Lists of hospitals in:
4338:Rehabilitation hospital
4211:Combat support hospital
4086:Geographic service area
4072:lying in houses (India)
3962:Hospital administrators
2972:10.1186/1471-227X-11-21
2561:10.1186/1471-227X-11-16
2143:"Sudden Cardiac Arrest"
2132:Reviewed every 3 years.
1889:"When to go to A&E"
1555:1 December 2016 at the
1310:10.1186/1757-7241-19-43
913:Noninvasive ventilation
812:Trauma is treated by a
601:National Health Service
540:, declared bankruptcy.
463:Fever of unknown origin
294:Nomenclature in English
64:Belle Chasse, Louisiana
4163:Unique physical traits
4127:Complexity of services
2959:BMC Emergency Medicine
2548:BMC Emergency Medicine
1915:Updated every 3 years.
1738:HCUP Statistical Brief
1574:HCUP Statistical Brief
1177:
939:
596:
588:
580:
558:utilization management
507:Nonspecific chest pain
496:Nonspecific chest pain
410:United States Congress
206:respiratory therapists
66:
3829:Injury Severity Score
3600:Nasopharyngeal airway
3573:Intraosseous infusion
3398:9 August 2017 at the
2272:10.1192/bjo.2021.1006
2260:Pulmonary Circulation
2211:Pulmonary Circulation
1209:Acute Assessment Unit
1172:
1025:general practitioners
930:
907:and are referred for
820:(ATLS) course of the
758:Myocardial infarction
594:
586:
575:
61:
4500:Hospital departments
4348:Verterinary hospital
4333:Psychiatric hospital
4185:Underground hospital
3952:Emergency department
3913:History of hospitals
3606:Oropharyngeal airway
3483:Emergency psychiatry
3468:Emergency department
3377:10 June 2017 at the
2797:"Ontario Wait Times"
2621:10.1136/emj.20.5.402
2130:. 20 September 2021.
1471:10.1136/emj.17.5.314
1369:"Hospital Authority"
905:arterial blood gases
843:department can only
711:Cardiac Arrest": -->
650:Department of Health
299:Emergency department
272:psychiatric problems
146:Louisville, Kentucky
77:), also known as an
71:emergency department
18:Emergency Department
4357:Century established
4303:Children's hospital
4257:Non-profit hospital
4252:For-profit hospital
4247:Charitable hospital
4060:Hôtel-Dieu (France)
3987:Intensive care unit
3585:Tracheal intubation
3579:Intravenous therapy
3283:10.2147/OAEM.S64174
2223:10.3310/alert_49221
2174:10.1192/bjo.2022.35
2070:Updated frequently.
1895:. 19 November 2021.
1379:on 2 February 2017.
1136:A study found that
1029:nurse practitioners
1021:primary care trusts
917:tracheal intubation
806:motor vehicle crash
485:Sprains and Strains
445:
202:ambulance personnel
103:casualty department
4495:Emergency medicine
4328:Maternity hospital
4277:Voluntary hospital
4154:Specialty hospital
4139:Secondary hospital
4118:Municipal hospital
4099:Community hospital
3947:Coronary care unit
3921:Category:Hospitals
3759:Basic life support
3663:Sodium bicarbonate
3461:Emergency medicine
3454:Emergency medicine
3407:Hyattsville, Md.:
2322:10.5694/mja2.52267
2021:. 28 November 2013
1647:on 18 January 2009
1524:Hyattsville, Md.:
1178:
940:
851:Mental Illness(es)
597:
589:
581:
443:
107:emergency medicine
67:
38:, and
4482:
4481:
4291:Condition treated
4206:Military hospital
4149:Teaching hospital
4113:District hospital
4109:Regional hospital
4002:Operating theater
3972:Hospital medicine
3869:
3868:
3658:Magnesium sulfate
3567:Electrocardiogram
3493:Medical emergency
3478:Emergency nursing
2840:10.1136/bmj.d2983
2803:on 13 August 2015
2765:10.1111/jnu.12055
1913:. 6 January 2021.
1791:JAMA Network Open
1181:Medication errors
1165:Medication errors
1007:Non-emergency use
993:automatic version
976:disaster response
972:search and rescue
899:, have an urgent
638:minor injury unit
525:
524:
408:is an act of the
16:(Redirected from
4507:
4267:Private hospital
4231:Women's hospital
4190:Virtual Hospital
4104:General hospital
4055:Cottage hospital
3917:Hospital network
3896:
3889:
3882:
3873:
3858:
3857:
3846:
3845:
3447:
3440:
3433:
3424:
3354:
3335:
3306:
3305:
3295:
3285:
3261:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3247:
3232:
3226:
3225:
3215:
3191:
3182:
3181:
3163:
3131:
3125:
3124:
3122:
3120:
3109:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3098:
3087:
3081:
3080:
3052:
3046:
3045:
3043:
3041:
3027:
3021:
3020:
3018:
3016:
3010:www.inquirer.com
3001:
2995:
2994:
2984:
2974:
2950:
2944:
2943:
2909:
2900:
2889:
2888:
2886:
2884:
2879:on 10 April 2016
2868:
2862:
2861:
2851:
2819:
2813:
2812:
2810:
2808:
2793:
2787:
2786:
2776:
2744:
2738:
2737:
2708:
2702:
2701:
2700:
2694:
2676:
2658:
2649:
2643:
2642:
2632:
2600:
2591:
2590:
2589:
2583:
2573:
2563:
2539:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2525:
2514:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2503:
2492:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2481:
2466:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2455:
2420:
2414:
2413:
2411:
2409:
2398:
2392:
2391:
2373:
2364:(7): e580–e589.
2349:
2343:
2342:
2324:
2300:
2294:
2293:
2283:
2251:
2245:
2244:
2234:
2202:
2196:
2195:
2185:
2153:
2147:
2146:
2139:
2133:
2131:
2120:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2085:
2077:
2071:
2069:
2058:
2052:
2051:
2037:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2011:
2005:
2004:
1997:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1986:
1975:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1964:
1948:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1922:
1916:
1914:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1885:
1876:
1875:
1873:
1871:
1857:
1851:
1850:
1848:
1846:
1831:
1825:
1824:
1814:
1782:
1776:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1766:. 6 October 2017
1756:
1750:
1749:
1729:
1718:
1717:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1703:The Boston Globe
1694:
1688:
1687:
1684:The Boston Globe
1675:
1669:
1666:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1646:
1639:
1628:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1612:on 25 April 2010
1608:. Archived from
1602:
1596:
1595:
1584:
1578:
1577:
1565:
1559:
1543:
1537:
1519:
1513:
1508:
1502:
1499:
1493:
1492:
1482:
1450:
1444:
1443:
1433:
1401:
1395:
1394:
1387:
1381:
1380:
1375:. Archived from
1365:
1359:
1358:
1356:
1354:
1345:. Archived from
1339:
1333:
1332:
1322:
1312:
1288:
1282:
1281:
1280:on 3 March 2016.
1265:
1259:
1258:
1245:
960:traction splints
935:, note the
719:
718:
714:
665:in Wrexham, the
661:in Cardiff, The
617:Northern Ireland
452:Reason for visit
446:
418:unfunded mandate
377:
363:
349:
130:life-threatening
21:
4515:
4514:
4510:
4509:
4508:
4506:
4505:
4504:
4485:
4484:
4483:
4478:
4448:
4352:
4286:
4272:Public hospital
4235:
4221:Prison hospital
4194:
4180:Mobile hospital
4158:
4122:
4081:
4026:
3977:Hospital museum
3957:Emergency codes
3929:
3928:Common hospital
3923:
3906:
3902:Articles about
3900:
3870:
3865:
3833:
3817:Scoring systems
3812:
3725:
3667:
3616:
3527:
3456:
3451:
3400:Wayback Machine
3379:Wayback Machine
3362:
3357:
3351:
3338:
3332:
3319:
3315:
3313:Further reading
3310:
3309:
3263:
3262:
3255:
3245:
3243:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3193:
3192:
3185:
3133:
3132:
3128:
3118:
3116:
3111:
3110:
3106:
3096:
3094:
3089:
3088:
3084:
3054:
3053:
3049:
3039:
3037:
3029:
3028:
3024:
3014:
3012:
3003:
3002:
2998:
2952:
2951:
2947:
2907:
2902:
2901:
2892:
2882:
2880:
2870:
2869:
2865:
2821:
2820:
2816:
2806:
2804:
2795:
2794:
2790:
2746:
2745:
2741:
2710:
2709:
2705:
2695:
2656:
2651:
2650:
2646:
2602:
2601:
2594:
2584:
2541:
2540:
2533:
2523:
2521:
2516:
2515:
2511:
2501:
2499:
2494:
2493:
2489:
2479:
2477:
2468:
2467:
2463:
2453:
2451:
2422:
2421:
2417:
2407:
2405:
2400:
2399:
2395:
2351:
2350:
2346:
2302:
2301:
2297:
2253:
2252:
2248:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2155:
2154:
2150:
2141:
2140:
2136:
2122:
2121:
2117:
2107:
2105:
2096:
2095:
2091:
2083:
2079:
2078:
2074:
2060:
2059:
2055:
2039:
2038:
2034:
2024:
2022:
2013:
2012:
2008:
1999:
1998:
1994:
1984:
1982:
1977:
1976:
1972:
1962:
1960:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1935:
1933:
1932:. 25 March 2020
1924:
1923:
1919:
1905:
1904:
1900:
1887:
1886:
1879:
1869:
1867:
1865:Healthcare Dive
1859:
1858:
1854:
1844:
1842:
1833:
1832:
1828:
1784:
1783:
1779:
1769:
1767:
1758:
1757:
1753:
1731:
1730:
1721:
1715:
1714:
1710:
1696:
1695:
1691:
1677:
1676:
1672:
1660:
1650:
1648:
1644:
1637:
1630:
1629:
1625:
1615:
1613:
1604:
1603:
1599:
1586:
1585:
1581:
1567:
1566:
1562:
1557:Wayback Machine
1544:
1540:
1520:
1516:
1509:
1505:
1500:
1496:
1452:
1451:
1447:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1367:
1366:
1362:
1352:
1350:
1349:on 25 June 2010
1341:
1340:
1336:
1290:
1289:
1285:
1267:
1266:
1262:
1247:
1246:
1242:
1237:
1205:
1167:
1155:
1146:
1144:In the military
1134:
1117:
1108:
1095:
1086:
1009:
925:
889:bronchodilators
873:
871:Asthma and COPD
853:
802:
800:Physical trauma
796:
768:contraindicated
760:
754:
726:
720:
716:
712:
710:
709:
704:
673:in Portsmouth.
570:
550:non-emergencies
546:
530:
395:
388:
378:
369:
364:
355:
350:
315:
296:
218:ultrasonography
141:
54:
43:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4513:
4511:
4503:
4502:
4497:
4487:
4486:
4480:
4479:
4453:
4450:
4449:
4447:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4360:
4358:
4354:
4353:
4351:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4313:Fever hospital
4310:
4305:
4300:
4294:
4292:
4288:
4287:
4285:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4262:State hospital
4259:
4254:
4249:
4243:
4241:
4237:
4236:
4234:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4216:Field hospital
4213:
4208:
4202:
4200:
4196:
4195:
4193:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4175:Hospital train
4172:
4166:
4164:
4160:
4159:
4157:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4130:
4128:
4124:
4123:
4121:
4120:
4115:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4089:
4087:
4083:
4082:
4080:
4079:
4073:
4067:
4061:
4058:
4052:
4046:
4040:
4034:
4032:
4028:
4027:
4025:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3933:
3931:
3925:
3924:
3911:
3908:
3907:
3901:
3899:
3898:
3891:
3884:
3876:
3867:
3866:
3864:
3863:
3851:
3838:
3835:
3834:
3832:
3831:
3826:
3820:
3818:
3814:
3813:
3811:
3810:
3804:
3798:
3792:
3786:
3780:
3774:
3768:
3762:
3756:
3751:
3745:
3739:
3737:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3677:
3675:
3669:
3668:
3666:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3624:
3622:
3618:
3617:
3615:
3614:
3609:
3603:
3597:
3592:
3590:Laryngeal tube
3587:
3582:
3576:
3570:
3564:
3558:
3552:Defibrillation
3549:
3544:
3541:Bag valve mask
3537:
3535:
3529:
3528:
3526:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3464:
3462:
3458:
3457:
3452:
3450:
3449:
3442:
3435:
3427:
3421:
3420:
3402:
3390:
3369:
3361:
3360:External links
3358:
3356:
3355:
3349:
3336:
3330:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3308:
3307:
3253:
3227:
3206:(10): 1245–8.
3183:
3140:Digital Health
3126:
3104:
3082:
3047:
3022:
2996:
2945:
2890:
2863:
2814:
2788:
2739:
2720:(3): 420–425.
2703:
2667:(5): 659–671.
2644:
2592:
2531:
2509:
2487:
2475:New York Times
2461:
2415:
2393:
2344:
2315:(7): 379–380.
2295:
2246:
2197:
2148:
2134:
2115:
2089:
2072:
2053:
2032:
2006:
1992:
1970:
1943:
1917:
1898:
1877:
1852:
1826:
1797:(6): e183731.
1777:
1751:
1719:
1708:
1689:
1670:
1668:
1667:
1623:
1597:
1592:abcnews.go.com
1579:
1560:
1538:
1514:
1503:
1494:
1465:(5): 314–319.
1445:
1416:(6): 255–258.
1396:
1382:
1360:
1334:
1283:
1260:
1239:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1232:
1231:
1229:Walk-in clinic
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1204:
1201:
1166:
1163:
1154:
1151:
1145:
1142:
1133:
1130:
1116:
1115:Frequent users
1113:
1107:
1104:
1094:
1091:
1085:
1082:
1049:emergency room
1008:
1005:
984:defibrillators
924:
921:
911:if necessary.
909:intensive care
885:oxygen therapy
872:
869:
852:
849:
798:Main article:
795:
792:
756:Main article:
753:
750:
729:Cardiac arrest
724:Cardiac arrest
722:Main article:
708:
707:Cardiac Arrest
705:
703:
700:
697:
692:
646:
645:
642:walk-in centre
634:
631:
569:
568:United Kingdom
566:
545:
542:
538:Adeptus Health
529:
526:
523:
522:
519:
516:
512:
511:
508:
505:
501:
500:
497:
494:
490:
489:
486:
483:
479:
478:
475:
472:
468:
467:
464:
461:
457:
456:
453:
450:
449:Age (in years)
394:
391:
390:
389:
379:
372:
370:
365:
358:
356:
351:
344:
342:
314:
311:
295:
292:
280:social workers
265:play therapist
140:
137:
95:emergency ward
87:emergency room
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4512:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4492:
4490:
4477:
4476:South America
4473:
4469:
4468:North America
4465:
4461:
4457:
4451:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4361:
4359:
4355:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4343:Trauma center
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4323:Lock hospital
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4295:
4293:
4289:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4244:
4242:
4238:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4203:
4201:
4197:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4170:Hospital ship
4168:
4167:
4165:
4161:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4131:
4129:
4125:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4094:
4093:Base hospital
4091:
4090:
4088:
4084:
4078:(Middle Ages)
4077:
4074:
4071:
4068:
4065:
4064:Valetudinaria
4062:
4059:
4056:
4053:
4050:
4047:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4035:
4033:
4031:Archaic forms
4029:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3937:Accreditation
3935:
3934:
3932:
3926:
3922:
3918:
3914:
3909:
3905:
3897:
3892:
3890:
3885:
3883:
3878:
3877:
3874:
3862:
3861:
3852:
3850:
3849:
3840:
3839:
3836:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3821:
3819:
3815:
3808:
3805:
3802:
3799:
3796:
3793:
3790:
3787:
3784:
3781:
3778:
3775:
3772:
3769:
3766:
3763:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3740:
3738:
3736:
3732:
3728:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3686:
3682:
3679:
3678:
3676:
3674:
3673:Organisations
3670:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3625:
3623:
3619:
3613:
3610:
3607:
3604:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3580:
3577:
3574:
3571:
3568:
3565:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3542:
3539:
3538:
3536:
3534:
3530:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3518:Trauma center
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3465:
3463:
3459:
3455:
3448:
3443:
3441:
3436:
3434:
3429:
3428:
3425:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3397:
3394:
3391:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3376:
3373:
3370:
3367:
3364:
3363:
3359:
3352:
3350:0-521-54259-6
3346:
3342:
3337:
3333:
3331:0-7234-3322-4
3327:
3323:
3318:
3317:
3312:
3303:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3275:
3271:
3267:
3260:
3258:
3254:
3242:
3238:
3231:
3228:
3223:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3190:
3188:
3184:
3179:
3175:
3171:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3153:
3149:
3145:
3141:
3137:
3130:
3127:
3114:
3108:
3105:
3092:
3086:
3083:
3078:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3063:(6): 637–46.
3062:
3058:
3051:
3048:
3036:
3032:
3026:
3023:
3011:
3007:
3000:
2997:
2992:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2964:
2960:
2956:
2949:
2946:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2917:
2913:
2906:
2899:
2897:
2895:
2891:
2878:
2874:
2867:
2864:
2859:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2841:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2825:
2818:
2815:
2802:
2798:
2792:
2789:
2784:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2759:(2): 106–15.
2758:
2754:
2750:
2743:
2740:
2735:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2719:
2715:
2707:
2704:
2699:
2692:
2688:
2684:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2655:
2648:
2645:
2640:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2599:
2597:
2593:
2588:
2581:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2538:
2536:
2532:
2519:
2513:
2510:
2497:
2491:
2488:
2476:
2472:
2465:
2462:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2430:
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1132:Telemedicine
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1084:Overcrowding
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1053:primary care
1037:virtual care
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780:thrombolysis
776:
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752:Heart Attack
742:life support
734:life support
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4076:Xenodochium
3982:Hospitalist
3612:Pocket mask
3488:Golden hour
3246:22 February
3035:www.cms.gov
2883:7 September
2807:18 February
2480:6 September
2266:(1): e175.
2102:NHS England
2025:13 December
2019:Design Week
1985:29 December
1963:29 December
1936:29 December
1930:King's Fund
1099:readmission
1070:Urgent care
1045:urgent care
974:teams, and
901:chest X-ray
837:golden hour
814:trauma team
788:angioplasty
250:lacerations
234:prompt care
210:pharmacists
208:, hospital
161:vital signs
4489:Categories
4049:Bimaristan
4043:Asclepeion
3992:Nocturnist
3930:components
3824:NACA score
3633:Amiodarone
3547:Chest tube
3119:23 October
3097:17 October
2502:24 January
2454:24 January
2408:29 January
2168:(2): e66.
1651:23 January
1353:14 January
1235:References
1106:Exit block
1065:Minor Care
1061:Fast Track
952:paramedics
623:country).
261:pediatrics
252:requiring
173:physicians
169:paramedics
4057:(England)
4051:(Islamic)
4038:Almshouse
3904:hospitals
3743:First aid
3628:Adenosine
3595:Combitube
3569:(ECG/EKG)
3533:Equipment
3389:, Elsvier
3387:1069-6563
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2380:2542-5196
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937:ambulance
865:self-harm
845:stabilize
404:The 1986
242:fractures
194:residents
121:or other
115:ambulance
4045:(Greece)
4017:Pharmacy
4012:Patients
3848:Category
3809:(CCrISP)
3653:Naloxone
3643:Dopamine
3638:Atropine
3396:Archived
3375:Archived
3302:27147879
3222:10584084
3170:35694122
3077:10905642
2991:22171720
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2932:27789568
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2108:10 April
2047:BBC News
1870:12 March
1845:12 March
1840:Rand.org
1821:30646254
1746:25144109
1616:29 April
1553:Archived
1489:11005398
1440:15928374
1329:21771339
1203:See also
1189:pharmacy
933:Hjørring
893:steroids
609:Scotland
521:213,000
510:643,000
466:270,000
414:Medicare
382:Brussels
322:need of
284:suicidal
254:suturing
125:center.
119:hospital
4472:Oceania
4282:Defunct
4240:Funding
4070:Vaishya
4066:(Roman)
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3860:Outline
3785:(ACoRN)
3731:Courses
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3293:4753984
3241:FDA.gov
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1536:, 2013.
1480:1725462
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605:England
455:Visits
386:Belgium
313:Signage
139:History
83:A&E
4464:Europe
4456:Africa
4298:Cancer
3803:(ALSO)
3797:(PALS)
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238:minors
154:triage
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3326:ISBN
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3166:PMID
3121:2013
3099:2013
3073:PMID
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2928:PMID
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1618:2013
1485:PMID
1436:PMID
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1940:.
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1849:.
1823:.
1801::
1795:1
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1594:.
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1331:.
1307::
717:]
640:/
97:(
89:(
81:(
73:(
53:.
42:.
20:)
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