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although the number and type of medications may vary substantially from region to region. ACPs perform advanced airway management including intubation, surgical airways, intravenous therapy, place external jugular IV lines, perform needle thoracotomy, perform and interpret 12-lead ECGs, perform synchronized and chemical cardioversion, transcutaneous pacing, perform obstetrical assessments, and provide pharmacological pain relief for various conditions. Several sites in Canada have adopted pre-hospital fibrinolytics and rapid sequence induction, and prehospital medical research has permitted a great number of variations in the scope of practice for ACPs. Current programs include providing ACPs with discretionary direct 24-hour access to PCI labs, bypassing the emergency department, and representing a fundamental change in both the way that patients with S-T segment elevation myocardial infarctions (STEMI) are treated, but also profoundly affecting survival rates, as well as bypassing closer hospitals to get an identified stroke patient to a stroke centre.
1088:" (ALS) unit. Many states allow ambulance crews to contain a mix of crews levels (e.g. an EMT and a paramedic or an AEMT and a paramedic) to staff ambulances and operate at the level of the highest trained provider. There is nothing stopping supplemental crew members to be of a certain certification, though (e.g. if an ALS ambulance is required to have two paramedics, then it is acceptable to have two paramedics and an EMT). An emergency vehicle with only EMRs or a combination of both EMRs and EMTs is still dubbed a "basic life support" (BLS) unit. An EMR must usually be overseen by an EMT-level provider or higher to work on a transporting ambulance.
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the next three successive levels of practice, the high number of EMRs across Canada cannot be ignored as contributing a critical role in the chain of survival, although it is a level of practice that is least comprehensive (clinically speaking), and is also generally not consistent with any medical acts beyond advanced first-aid and oxygen therapy, administration of ASA, I.M. epinephrine and glucagon, oral glucose and administration of intranasal Narcan with the exception of automated external defibrillation (which is still considered a regulated medical act in most provinces in Canada).
258:
someone registered with the
Alberta College of Paramedics can call themselves a paramedic; the title is legally protected. Almost all provinces have moved to adopting the new titles, or have at least recognized the NOCP document as a benchmarking document to permit inter-provincial labour mobility of practitioners, regardless of how titles are specifically regulated within their own provincial systems. In this manner, the confusing myriad of titles and occupational descriptions can at least be discussed using a common language for comparison sake.
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paramedics in associate degree programs. EMT training programs take place at numerous locations, such as universities, community colleges, technical schools, hospitals or EMS academies. Every state in the United States has an EMS lead agency or state office of emergency medical services that regulates and accredits EMT training programs. Most of these offices have web sites to provide information to the public and individuals who are interested in becoming an EMT.
226:. Some specific recommendations include modified call queries, symptom screening, universal PPE use, hand hygiene, physical distancing, and stringent disinfection protocols. Research on ambulance ventilation systems found that aerosols often recirculate throughout the compartment, creating a health hazard for EMTs when transporting sick patients capable of airborne transmission. Unidirectional airflow design can better protect workers.
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While a PCP and ACP may run 40–50 medical codes per year, a CCP may run 1–2 in an entire career. IV/IO starts are nearly non-existent in the field and for this reason CCPs are required to attend nearly double the amount of time in classroom situations or in hospital to keep current. In addition to this, they are trained for other skills such as medication infusion pumps, mechanical ventilation, and arterial line monitoring.
317:), and other fundamental basic medical care. Primary care paramedics may also receive additional training in order to perform certain skills that are normally in the scope of practice of advanced care paramedics. This is regulated both provincially (by statute) and locally (by the medical director), and ordinarily entails an aspect of medical oversight by a specific body or group of physicians. This is often referred to as "
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1189:, as well as ambulances. In many other locations, emergency medical services are provided by a separate, or "third-party", municipal government emergency agency (e.g. Boston EMS, Austin-Travis County EMS). In still other locations, emergency medical services are provided by volunteer agencies. College and university campuses may provide emergency medical responses on their own campus using students.
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often work in collaboration with registered nurses and respiratory therapists during hospital transfers. This ensures continuity of care. However, when acuity is manageable by a CCP or a registered nurse or respiratory therapist is not available, CCPs will work alone. Providing this care to the patient allows the sending hospital to avoid losing highly trained staff on hospital transfers.
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901:(NREMT) is a nonprofit organization which offers certification exams based on NHTSA education guidelines and has been around since the 1970s. Currently, NREMT exams are used by 46 states as the sole basis for certification at one or more EMT certification levels. A NREMT exam consists of skills and patient assessments as well as a written portion.
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emergency medical responder (replacing first responder), emergency medical technician (replacing EMT-basic), advanced emergency medical technician (replacing EMT-intermediate/85), and paramedic (replacing EMT-intermediate/99 and EMT-paramedic). Education requirements in transitioning to the new levels are substantially similar.
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initiation). In addition, when multiple levels can perform the same procedure (e.g. AEMT-critical care and paramedics in New York), a procedure can be both an on-line and a standing order depending on the level of the provider. Since no set of protocols can cover every patient situation, many systems
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In addition, a minimum of continuing education (CE) hours is required to maintain certification. For example, to maintain NREMT certification, EMTs must obtain at least 48 hours of additional education and either complete a 24-hour refresher course or complete an additional 24 hours of CE that cover,
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in Canada is necessarily broad, and general. Specific regulatory frameworks and questions related to paramedic practices can only definitively be answered by consulting relevant provincial legislation, although provincial paramedic associations may often offer a simpler overview of this topic when it
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In 2009, the NREMT posted information about a transition to a new system of levels for emergency care providers developed by NHTSA with the
National EMS Scope of Practice Project. By 2014, these new levels replaced the fragmented system found around the United States. The new classification includes
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On June 12, 2019, the NREMT changed the rules regarding age limits for EMTs, AEMTs, and paramedics. There is no longer an age limit for registered personnel. However, applicants must successfully complete a state-approved EMT course that meets or exceeds the NREMT standards within the past two years
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Paramedics are trained to the EMT standard and additional training in advanced pharmacology, anatomy, advanced airway management (supraglottic airways), some advanced life support skills, 12-leads ECGs, administration of medication typically oral, intramuscular, inhaled, nebulised or sublingual, and
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to province, and include direct government regulation (such as
Ontario's method of credentialing its practitioners with the title of A-EMCA, or advanced emergency medical care assistant) to professional self-regulating bodies, such as the Alberta College of Paramedics. In Alberta, for instance, only
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There is considerable degree of inter-provincial variation in the
Canadian paramedic practice. Although a national consensus (by way of the National Occupational Competency Profile) identifies certain knowledge, skills, and abilities as being most synonymous with a given level of paramedic practice,
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Lindsley, William G.; Blachere, Francoise M.; McClelland, Tia L.; Neu, Dylan T.; Mnatsakanova, Anna; Martin, Stephen B.; Mead, Kenneth R.; Noti, John D. (2 December 2019). "Efficacy of an ambulance ventilation system in reducing EMS worker exposure to airborne particles from a patient cough aerosol
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are identified as "paramedics" by the public. However, in many cases, the most prevalent level of emergency pre-hospital care is that which is provided by an emergency medical responder (EMR). This is a level of practice recognized under the
National Occupational Competency Profile, although unlike
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EMT training programs vary greatly in calendar length (number of days or months). For example, fast track programs are available for EMTs that are completed in two weeks by holding class for 8 to 12 hours a day for at least two weeks. Other training programs are months long, or up to two years for
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Critical care paramedics (CCPs) are paramedics who generally do not respond to 9-1-1 emergency calls, with the exception of helicopter "scene" calls. Instead they focus on transferring patients from the hospital they are currently in to other hospitals that can provide a higher level of care. CCPs
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EMTs and paramedics are employed in varied settings, mainly the prehospital environment such as in EMS, fire, and police agencies. They can also be found in positions ranging from hospital and health care settings, to industrial and entertainment positions. The prehospital environment is loosely
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EMTs are exposed to a variety of hazards such as lifting patients and equipment, treating those with infectious disease, handling hazardous substances, and transportation via ground or air vehicles. Employers can prevent occupational illness or injury by providing safe patient handling equipment,
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Treatments and procedures administered by paramedics fall under one of two categories, off-line medical orders (standing orders) and on-line medical orders. On-line medical orders refers to procedures that must be explicitly approved by a base hospital physician or registered nurse through voice
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EMT training programs for certification vary greatly from course to course, provided that each course at least meets local and national requirements. In the United States, EMRs receive at least 40–80 hours of classroom training and EMTs receive at least 120–300 hours of classroom training. AEMTs
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CCPs often work in fixed and rotary wing aircraft when the weather permits and staff are available, but systems such as the
Toronto EMS Critical Care Transport Program work in land ambulances. ORNGE transport operates both land and aircraft in Ontario. In British Columbia, CCPs work primarily in
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CCPs are able to provide all of the care that PCPs and ACPs provide. That being said, CCPs significantly lack practical experience with advanced skills such as IV initiation, peripheral access to cardiovascular system for fluid and drug administration, advanced airway, and many other techniques.
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Advanced care paramedic (ACP) is a level of practitioner that is in high demand by many services across Canada. However, Quebec only utilizes this level of practice in a very limited fashion as part of a pilot program in
Montreal. The ACP typically carries approximately 20 different medications,
1156:. These procedures often vary from county to county based on local needs, levels of training and clinical experiences. New York State has similar procedures, whereas a regional medical-advisory council (REMAC) determines protocols for one or more counties in a geographical section of the state.
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EMT is the next level of EMS certification and is considered the most common entry level of training. The procedures and skills allowed at this level include bleeding control, management of burns, splinting of suspected fractures and spinal injuries, childbirth, cardiopulmonary resuscitation,
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In some states of the US, many EMS agencies are run by independent non-profit volunteer first aid squads that are their own corporations set up as separate entities from fire departments. In this environment, volunteers are hired to fill certain blocks of time to cover emergency calls. These
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Paramedic training in Canada varies regionally; for example, the length of training may be eight months in
British Columbia or two to four years in Ontario, Alberta, and Quebec. The nature of training and how it is regulated, like actual paramedic practice, varies from province to province.
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A five-day course including the FAR course, with additional first aid and basic life support training that includes anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, cardiovascular emergencies, general medical emergencies, musculoskeletal head and spinal injuries, pediatrics and childbirth,
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In addition to each level's didactic education, clinical rotations are typically also required. Similar in a sense to medical school clinical rotations, EMT students are required to spend a required amount of time in an ambulance and on a variety of hospital services (e.g.
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As of 2016, The IHCD Ambulance
Technician Certificate was replaced with the FAQ Level 4 Diploma for Associate Ambulance Practitioners & QA Level 5 Diploma in First Response Emergency and Urgent Care (RQF) This provided a defined scope of practice agreed nationally by
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work with protocols as guidelines. Systems also have policies in place to handle medical direction when communication failures happen or in disaster situations. The NHTSA curriculum is the foundation
Standard of Care for EMS providers in the US.
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EMR is the most basic level of training, and is considered the bare minimum certification for rescuers that respond to medical emergencies. EMRs are typically on-call volunteers in rural communities, or are primarily employed as firefighters or
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EMRs provide advanced first aid-level care, CPR, semi-automatic defibrillation, basic airway management (suction/oropharyngeal airway), oxygen therapy, and administration of basic, life-saving medications such as epinephrine and naloxone.
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of applying. Those applying for the NREMT certification must also complete a state-approved EMT psychomotor exam. It is possible for the candidate to be refused access to a state-approved course due to their age within the state.
1420:"Interim Recommendations for Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Systems and 911 Public Safety Answering Points/Emergency Communication Centers (PSAP/ECCs) in the United States During the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic"
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The number of clinical hours for both time in an ambulance and time in the hospital vary depending on local requirements, the level the student is obtaining, and the amount of time it takes the student to show competency.
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is not commonly used by members of the public in the United Kingdom. Instead, it is common for all ambulance personnel to be referred to as "paramedics", although the paramedic title is protected under registration of the
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In Canada, the levels of paramedic practice as defined by the National Occupational Competency Profile are: emergency medical responder (EMR), primary care paramedic, advanced care paramedic, and critical care paramedic.
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Paramedics typically represent the highest degree of pre-hospital medical provider, providing advanced life support (ALS) care. Paramedics perform a variety of medical procedures such as endotracheal intubation,
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transports that require skills outside the scope of a standard paramedic (such as mechanical ventilation and management of cardiac assist devices). In addition, EMTs can seek out specialty certifications such as
711:(TES) are trained a total of 2000hrs in 2 years with 3 months of internship in ambulances at the very end. It's the only level of EMS worker. BLS ambulances can be driven with a B license, ALS with a C1.
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In the United States, an EMT's actions in the field are governed by state regulations, local regulations, and by the policies of their EMS organization. The development of these policies are guided by a
940:
Some states also recognize the advanced practice paramedic or critical care paramedic level as a state-specific licensure above that of paramedic. These critical care paramedics generally perform
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crisis. EMTs are a vital part of the private, voluntary and auxiliary services where a practitioner must be on board any ambulance in the process of transporting a patient to hospital.
1084:(BLS) unit, an ambulance utilizing AEMTs is dubbed an "intermediate life support" (ILS), or "limited advanced life support" (LALS) unit, and an ambulance with paramedics is dubbed an "
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each province retains ultimate authority in legislating the actual administration and delivery of emergency medical services within its own borders. For this reason, any discussion of
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personnel. EMRs typically arrive quickly and assess and stabilize the patient before the transporting ambulance arrives, and then assist the crew with patient care and packaging.
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In California, for example, each county's local emergency medical service agency (LEMSA) issues a list of standard operating procedures or protocols, under the supervision of the
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aircraft with a dedicated critical care transport crew in Trail for long-distance transfers and a regular CCP street crew stationed in South Vancouver that often also performs
987:, blood glucose monitoring, auscultation of lung sounds, and administration of a limited set of medications (including oxygen, epinephrine, dextrose, naloxone, albuterol,
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implementing a training program to educate EMTs on job hazards, and supplying PPE such as respirators, gloves, and isolation gowns when dealing with biological hazards.
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The B-TEC course is a tactical course available to EFRs, EMTs and paramedics to provide medical interventions in hostile environments. This includes the use of
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Whilst paramedics in Ireland do work on front-line ambulances the PHECC standards for are generally lower than most of the world leaders in pre-hospital care.
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They can work autonomously, making their own clinical decisions within their training and remit. They may also work as a clinical lead working alongside an
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generally have 100-300 hours of additional classroom training beyond the standard EMT training. Paramedics are trained for 1,500–2,500 hours or more.
995:, and acetylsalicylic acid). Some areas may add to the scope of practice, including intravenous access, insertion of supraglottic airway devices, and
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736:. Most EMTs hold an Institute for Healthcare Development Ambulance Technician Certificate and are employed in private ambulance companies or in
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set their own standards of certification (or licensure, in some cases) and all EMT training must meet the minimum requirements as set by the
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and in fire departments in the US and Canada, as full-time and some part-time departments require their firefighters to be EMT certified.
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This is mandatory for all PHECC registered practitioners to keep their practitioner level and should always be kept in date (two years).
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on an hour by hour basis, the same topics as the refresher course would. Recertification for other levels follows a similar pattern.
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A three-day course including CFR, with additional training in patient assessment, common medical emergencies, injury management and
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479:, pulse checks and oxygen administration. CFR-A is also the minimum standard for entry into the Emergency First Responder Program.
414:) calls is a minimum of a two-paramedic crew, although this minimum requirement was relaxed to and EMT - paramedic crew during the
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1393:. Morgantown, West Virginia: United States Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
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Emergency medical technician (EMT), paramedic (P) and advanced paramedic (AP) are legally defined and protected titles in the
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Emergency medical technician (EMT), paramedic (P) and advanced paramedic (AP) are legally defined and protected titles in the
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In many places across the United States, it is not uncommon for the primary employer of EMRs, EMTs, and paramedics to be a
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is a term that has existed for many years in the United Kingdom, but has no single defined scope. They may be known as
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1995:
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325:, Quebec and Newfoundland and Labrador, many paramedic services allow primary care paramedics to perform 12-lead
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1185:, with the fire department providing the primary emergency medical system response including "first responder"
1149:, often with the advice of a medical advisory committee composed of paramedics and other health professionals.
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are a separate profession that has additional educational requirements, qualifications, and scope of practice.
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calls) services, but many ambulance services and EMS agencies operate both non-emergency and emergency care.
314:
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406:(PHECC). Emergency medical technician is the entry-level standard of practitioner for employment within the
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Emergency Services Training Institute | Emergency Medical Training | First Aid Training | Paramedic | ESTI
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410:. Currently, EMTs are authorized to work on non-emergency ambulances only as the standard for emergency (
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semi-automatic defibrillation, oral suctioning, insertion of oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal airways,
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Primary care paramedics (PCP) are the entry-level of paramedic practice in Canadian provinces. The
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communication (generally by phone or radio) and are generally rare or high risk procedures (e.g.
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1781:"Ambulance Practitioner Qualification | Ambulance Technician | Emergency Medical Technician EMT"
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may contain an excessive amount of intricate detail that may interest only a particular audience
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1121:) in order to complete a course and become eligible for the certification and licensure exams.
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1044:, drug administration, obtaining intravenous and intraosseous access, manual defibrillation,
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2524:"Advanced Life Support Treatment In Communication Failure or Without Base Hospital contact"
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In the United States, EMTs are certified according to their level of training. Individual
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as well as trauma related injuries such as the management of bleeding and fractures, etc.
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190:. EMTs provide medical care under a set of protocols, which are typically written by a
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1387:"Emergency Medical Services Workers: How Employers Can Prevent Injuries and Exposures"
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Trained to paramedic level plus extensive advanced pharmacology, anatomy, physiology,
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A state-level exam needs to be completed before an invitation to register as an EMT.
2634:"National Collegiate Emergency Medical Services Foundation, Groups Listed by Region"
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As the role does not have a single defined scope, the skills they have can include:
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This is the minimum standard for an emergency ambulance in the Republic of Ireland.
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Advanced EMT is the level of training between EMT and paramedic. They can provide
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for a variety of emergency medical conditions (these include oxygen, epinephrine,
1348:
Christopher Page; Keila Vazquez; Majd Sbat; Zeynep Deniz Yalcin (25 April 2013).
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1012:
586:, with 120 hours of classroom training followed by 40 hours clinical placement.
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2559:
2497:. Riverside County Emergency Medical Services Agency. p. 1. Archived from
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2187:. South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control. Archived from
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EMTs are often employed by public ambulance services, municipal EMS agencies,
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2104:"EMT Recertification Cheat Sheet and Information Recertification Cheat Sheet"
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1399:
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A one-day course including CFR, with additional scope including the use of a
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National Highway Traffic Safety Agency, Office of Emergency Medical Services
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any relevant information, and removing excessive detail that may be against
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volunteers have the same state certification as their paid counterparts.
524:. An EFR may also assist in the giving of nitroglycerin as a medication.
321:", or a role played by a base hospital. For example, in the provinces of
298:
175:
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999:. Training requirements and treatment protocols vary from area to area.
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1838:. National Highway Transportation Safety Administration. Archived from
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routes; typically oral, intramuscular, inhaled, nebulised or sublingual
748:. Their role title, however, may still be defined by their employer as
592:
372:
322:
2472:. Adirondack - Appalachian Regional Emergency Medical Services Council
1232:
The Emergency Medical Responder: Training and Succeeding as an EMT/EMR
3146:
2658:
2346:. National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians. Archived from
2320:. National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians. Archived from
1942:. National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians. Archived from
1891:. National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians. Archived from
1865:. National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians. Archived from
222:
and other agencies and organizations have issued guidance regarding
182:. Some EMTs are paid employees, while others (particularly those in
1174:
divided into non-emergency (e.g. patient transport) and emergency (
1023:, capnography, and administration of some additional medications.
794:, including manual defibrillation and supraglottic airway placement
2049:
1175:
393:
349:
196:
2529:. Orange County Emergency Medical Services Agency. Archived from
2398:. California Emergency Medical Services Authority. Archived from
2125:"Emergency Medical Technician-Basic National Standard Curriculum"
2689:
United States National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians
1526:"Primary Care Paramedic - Justice Institute of British Columbia"
505:
This course is the new standard for first aid in the workplace.
3011:
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824:
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Infectious disease has become a major concern in light of the
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2611:
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The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
1446:"First Responders, Law Enforcement, and Public Services"
1350:"Analysis of Emergency Medical Systems Across the World"
797:
Ability to discharge patients to different care pathways
2688:
2130:. National Highway Transportation Safety Administration
1308:
Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) (Speedy Study Guide)
1290:"What's the Difference Between an EMT and a Paramedic?"
2155:. California EMSA. pp. 6–7, 11–23. Archived from
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2046:"Critical Care Emergency Medical Transport Program"
1385:Reichard, A.; Marsh, S.; Olsavsky, R. (July 2017).
293:, interpretation of 4-lead ECGs, administration of
130:
111:
106:
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78:
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2422:"What is the Bureau of Emergency Medical Services"
899:National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians
422:PHECC responder levels (basic life support (BLS))
34:, a higher level of pre-hospital medical provider.
27:Health care provider of emergency medical services
1476:Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
721:Emergency medical personnel in the United Kingdom
1334:", International Association of Fire Chiefs and
915:Emergency medical responder levels by U.S. state
1154:California Emergency Medical Services Authority
923:NHTSA recognizes four levels of certification:
821:Emergency medical services in the United States
619:and the administration of medication typically
246:is restricted to a province-by-province basis.
201:EMTs loading an injured skier into an ambulance
60:, a global symbol of emergency medical service.
2470:"AAREMS 2007 Regional ALS Treatment Protocols"
1261:"Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics"
895:National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
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2709:
8:
2657:. NJ State First Aid Council. Archived from
1830:
1828:
1826:
1080:An ambulance with only EMTs is considered a
933:Advanced emergency medical technician (AEMT)
759:or as assistants themselves to a paramedic.
655:they are also allowed to maintain IV lines.
44:
1863:"Legal Opinion: Certification v. Licensure"
1680:"BTEC Basic Tactical Emergency Care Course"
1230:Ventura, Christian (20 January 2021). "1".
897:'s (NHTSA's) standards for curriculum. The
37:"EMTs" redirects here. For other uses, see
3030:
3016:
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2716:
2702:
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2446:. Orange County EMS Agency. Archived from
2372:. Orange County EMS Agency. Archived from
2246:. Orange County EMS Agency. Archived from
1450:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1424:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1310:. Speedy Publishing LLC. 2014. p. 1.
949:, wilderness paramedic, tactical EMT, and
220:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
156:. EMTs are most commonly found serving on
152:) is a medical professional that provides
50:
2558:. Medics On The Ball, Inc. Archived from
2318:"Recertification Policies and Procedures"
1398:
872:Learn how and when to remove this message
591:EMT's are trained in basic life support,
333:to deliver a few additional medications.
552:
420:
3188:Wilderness emergency medical technician
2077:. NHTSA. September 2006. Archived from
1219:
446:A one-day course including training in
2072:"National EMS Scope of Practice Model"
1806:"The Human Medicines Regulations 2012"
780:Administration of medicines by select
696:based on the standard set down by the
402:based on the standard set down by the
291:semi-automated external defibrillation
224:workplace hazard controls for COVID-19
43:
2794:Advanced emergency medical technician
2424:. New York State Department of Health
1468:
1466:
1255:
1253:
1251:
1234:. Springer International Publishing.
677:access, a wide range of medications,
7:
2296:"Emergency Medical Services Program"
1225:
1223:
776:the Human Medicines Regulations 2012
2584:. City of Santa Ana. Archived from
2214:"NREMT – Advanced Psychomotor Exam"
2022:"Tennessee Critical Care Paramedic"
809:Health and Care Professions Council
463:Cardiac first responder (advanced)
404:Pre-Hospital Emergency Care Council
2396:"EMS Authority's Mandates Summary"
1756:"Education and Training Standards"
1731:"Education and Training Standards"
1555:"Cardiac First Response Community"
1332:Handbook for EMS Medical Directors
1019:access, basic cardiac monitoring,
978:Emergency Medical Technician (EMT)
930:Emergency medical technician (EMT)
854:Knowledge (XXG)'s inclusion policy
25:
1580:"Cardiac First Response Advanced"
1407:from the original on Apr 5, 2023.
1265:United States Department of Labor
961:Emergency Medical Responder (EMR)
927:Emergency medical responder (EMR)
709:Técnico en Emergencias Sanitarias
640:
573:
3096:Automated external defibrillator
2270:"2008 EMT-Basic Course Schedule"
1294:UCLA Center for Prehospital Care
1208:List of EMS provider credentials
829:
456:automated external defibrillator
253:Regulatory frameworks vary from
1357:Worcester Polytechnic Institute
1011:(ILS) care including obtaining
919:Paramedics in the United States
163:In English-speaking countries,
1836:"National Standard Curriculum"
1706:"Emergency Medical Technician"
681:, manual defibrillation, etc.
660:
530:Basic tactical emergency care
528:
1:
3075:Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
2272:. Link 2 Life. Archived from
1996:"Advanced Practice Paramedic"
1488:10.1080/15459624.2019.1674858
1048:interpretation, capnography,
574:Emergency medical technician
486:
102:Emergency services Healthcare
18:Emergency Medical Technicians
3240:Emergency medical responders
3183:Emergency medical technician
2789:Emergency medical technician
2779:Emergency medical dispatcher
2655:"NJ State First Aid Council"
2582:"Emergency Medical Services"
804:emergency medical technician
750:emergency medical technician
730:emergency medical technician
726:Emergency medical technician
462:
437:
329:interpretation, or initiate
272:Most providers that work in
146:emergency medical technician
74:Emergency medical technician
45:Emergency medical technician
2977:Critical emergency medicine
2895:Kendrick extrication device
2867:Nontransporting EMS vehicle
2857:Light horse field ambulance
2784:Emergency medical responder
2492:"Patient Care Policy (ALS)"
2344:"Recertification Brochures"
991:, glucagon, nitroglycerin,
772:prescription only medicines
554:PHECC practitioner levels (
510:
268:Emergency medical responder
262:Emergency medical responder
3261:
3080:Emergency bleeding control
2725:Emergency medical services
1940:"State Office Information"
1889:"About NREMT Examinations"
1655:"Emergency First Response"
1269:Bureau of Labor Statistics
912:
818:
718:
511:Emergency first responder
391:
295:symptom relief medications
265:
233:
154:emergency medical services
36:
29:
3178:Certified first responder
2764:Certified first responder
2731:
1009:intermediate life support
792:Intermediate life support
766:Administration of select
49:
2774:Emergency care assistant
1418:CDC (11 February 2020).
1400:10.26616/NIOSHPUB2017194
1336:U.S. Fire Administration
1034:rapid sequence induction
757:emergency care assistant
746:ambulance service trusts
615:(supraglottic airways),
547:agents and tourniquets.
438:Cardiac first responder
218:. In response, the U.S.
30:Not to be confused with
738:National Health Service
671:Intravenous cannulation
584:healthcare professional
475:(BVM) and supraglottic
358:critical care ambulance
346:Critical care paramedic
337:Advanced care paramedic
315:cervical immobilization
2444:"Treatment Guidelines"
1810:www.legislation.gov.uk
1710:DX2 Training Solutions
1659:DX2 Training Solutions
1609:DX2 Training Solutions
1584:DX2 Training Solutions
1559:DX2 Training Solutions
1092:Education and training
541:nasopharyngeal airways
359:
281:Primary care paramedic
202:
3121:Nasopharyngeal airway
2746:Advanced life support
2150:"EMT (1) Regulations"
1444:CDC (30 April 2020).
1086:advanced life support
1054:transcutaneous pacing
675:intraosseous infusion
617:spinal immobilization
611:monitoring, advanced
353:
311:trauma immobilization
200:
148:(often, more simply,
3126:Oropharyngeal airway
2862:Motorcycle ambulance
2825:Air medical services
2250:on 29 September 2011
2244:"BLS/ALS Procedures"
1842:on 16 September 2008
1605:"First Aid Response"
1214:References and notes
734:ambulance technician
698:Department of Health
487:First aid responder
289:includes performing
236:Paramedics in Canada
39:EMT (disambiguation)
3219:Wilderness medicine
2997:Wilderness medicine
2804:Emergency physician
2376:on 3 September 2011
2298:. Drexel University
1630:"OFA to FAR Update"
1296:. 28 December 2019.
1115:intensive care unit
1042:fluid resuscitation
1021:fluid resuscitation
989:ipratropium bromide
774:under provision of
679:tracheal intubation
661:Advanced paramedic
566:Abbreviation
563:Practitioner title
559:
499:, burns, hyper and
430:Abbreviation
423:
400:Republic of Ireland
388:Republic of Ireland
331:intravenous therapy
46:
3214:Good Samaritan law
2987:Emergency medicine
2915:Spinal precautions
2741:Basic life support
2450:on 12 October 2008
2224:on 12 January 2016
2084:on 31 January 2012
1946:on 26 October 2007
1895:on 27 October 2007
1869:on 27 October 2007
1107:emergency medicine
1082:basic life support
1058:pericardiocentesis
768:general sales list
740:ambulance trusts.
553:
454:and the use of an
448:basic life support
421:
360:
243:paramedic practice
203:
3227:
3226:
3058:Airway management
3053:Abdominal thrusts
3005:
3004:
2992:Military medicine
2972:Aviation medicine
2956:Search and rescue
2946:Ambulance station
2536:on 17 August 2008
2194:on 2 January 2008
2002:on 6 October 2011
1241:978-3-030-64395-9
1137:Medical direction
1046:electrocardiogram
968:search and rescue
882:
881:
874:
685:
684:
613:airway management
551:
550:
477:airway management
450:with emphasis on
408:ambulance service
287:scope of practice
216:COVID-19 pandemic
142:
141:
16:(Redirected from
3252:
3032:
3025:
3018:
3009:
2882:Casualty lifting
2809:Medical director
2718:
2711:
2704:
2695:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2666:
2661:on 27 March 2010
2651:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2640:
2630:
2624:
2623:
2621:
2619:
2614:on 25 March 2008
2610:. Archived from
2604:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2593:
2578:
2572:
2571:
2569:
2567:
2552:
2546:
2545:
2543:
2541:
2535:
2528:
2520:
2514:
2513:
2511:
2509:
2503:
2496:
2488:
2482:
2481:
2479:
2477:
2466:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2455:
2440:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2429:
2418:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2407:
2392:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2381:
2366:
2360:
2359:
2357:
2355:
2340:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2329:
2324:on 30 March 2016
2314:
2308:
2307:
2305:
2303:
2292:
2286:
2285:
2283:
2281:
2276:on 10 March 2008
2266:
2260:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2240:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2220:. Archived from
2210:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2199:
2193:
2186:
2178:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2161:
2154:
2146:
2140:
2139:
2137:
2135:
2129:
2121:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2100:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2083:
2076:
2068:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2048:. Archived from
2042:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2031:
2026:
2018:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2007:
1998:. Archived from
1992:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1972:. Archived from
1962:
1956:
1955:
1953:
1951:
1936:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1919:wvde.state.wv.us
1915:"History of EMS"
1911:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1885:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1858:
1852:
1851:
1849:
1847:
1832:
1821:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1802:
1796:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1777:
1771:
1770:
1768:
1766:
1752:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1727:
1721:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1676:
1670:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1651:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1640:
1626:
1620:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1601:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1576:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1551:
1545:
1544:
1542:
1541:
1532:. Archived from
1522:
1516:
1515:
1470:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1456:
1441:
1435:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1415:
1409:
1408:
1402:
1382:
1376:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1365:
1359:. Archived from
1354:
1345:
1339:
1328:
1322:
1321:
1304:
1298:
1297:
1286:
1280:
1279:
1277:
1275:
1257:
1246:
1245:
1227:
1147:medical director
1072:interpretation.
951:flight paramedic
877:
870:
866:
863:
857:
833:
832:
825:
582:Entry-level EMS
560:
427:Responder title
424:
375:when necessary.
180:fire departments
98:Activity sectors
54:
47:
21:
3260:
3259:
3255:
3254:
3253:
3251:
3250:
3249:
3230:
3229:
3228:
3223:
3192:
3166:
3130:
3084:
3041:
3036:
3006:
3001:
2982:Diving medicine
2960:
2934:
2925:Vacuum mattress
2910:Scoop stretcher
2884:
2876:
2872:Water ambulance
2852:Combination car
2813:
2750:
2727:
2722:
2680:
2675:
2674:
2664:
2662:
2653:
2652:
2648:
2638:
2636:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2617:
2615:
2606:
2605:
2601:
2591:
2589:
2580:
2579:
2575:
2565:
2563:
2562:on 10 July 2016
2554:
2553:
2549:
2539:
2537:
2533:
2526:
2522:
2521:
2517:
2507:
2505:
2504:on 24 July 2008
2501:
2494:
2490:
2489:
2485:
2475:
2473:
2468:
2467:
2463:
2453:
2451:
2442:
2441:
2437:
2427:
2425:
2420:
2419:
2415:
2405:
2403:
2402:on 11 July 2007
2394:
2393:
2389:
2379:
2377:
2368:
2367:
2363:
2353:
2351:
2342:
2341:
2337:
2327:
2325:
2316:
2315:
2311:
2301:
2299:
2294:
2293:
2289:
2279:
2277:
2268:
2267:
2263:
2253:
2251:
2242:
2241:
2237:
2227:
2225:
2212:
2211:
2207:
2197:
2195:
2191:
2184:
2182:"SC EMT Skills"
2180:
2179:
2175:
2165:
2163:
2162:on 20 June 2007
2159:
2152:
2148:
2147:
2143:
2133:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2122:
2118:
2108:
2106:
2102:
2101:
2097:
2087:
2085:
2081:
2074:
2070:
2069:
2065:
2055:
2053:
2052:on 21 June 2008
2044:
2043:
2039:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2020:
2019:
2015:
2005:
2003:
1994:
1993:
1989:
1979:
1977:
1964:
1963:
1959:
1949:
1947:
1938:
1937:
1933:
1923:
1921:
1913:
1912:
1908:
1898:
1896:
1887:
1886:
1882:
1872:
1870:
1860:
1859:
1855:
1845:
1843:
1834:
1833:
1824:
1814:
1812:
1804:
1803:
1799:
1789:
1787:
1779:
1778:
1774:
1764:
1762:
1754:
1753:
1749:
1739:
1737:
1729:
1728:
1724:
1714:
1712:
1704:
1703:
1699:
1689:
1687:
1678:
1677:
1673:
1663:
1661:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1638:
1636:
1628:
1627:
1623:
1613:
1611:
1603:
1602:
1598:
1588:
1586:
1578:
1577:
1573:
1563:
1561:
1553:
1552:
1548:
1539:
1537:
1524:
1523:
1519:
1482:(12): 804–816.
1472:
1471:
1464:
1454:
1452:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1428:
1426:
1417:
1416:
1412:
1384:
1383:
1379:
1369:
1367:
1366:on Jun 12, 2018
1363:
1352:
1347:
1346:
1342:
1329:
1325:
1318:
1306:
1305:
1301:
1288:
1287:
1283:
1273:
1271:
1259:
1258:
1249:
1242:
1229:
1228:
1221:
1216:
1199:
1183:fire department
1171:
1139:
1094:
1078:
1076:Staffing levels
1070:blood chemistry
1066:ultrasonography
1029:
1005:
980:
963:
921:
911:
887:
878:
867:
861:
858:
844:Please help by
843:
834:
830:
823:
817:
801:
770:, pharmacy and
723:
717:
706:
690:
601:pathophysiology
396:
390:
381:
348:
339:
319:medical control
283:
270:
264:
238:
232:
208:
206:Hazard controls
133:
116:
114:
99:
89:
88:Occupation type
61:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3258:
3256:
3248:
3247:
3242:
3232:
3231:
3225:
3224:
3222:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3200:
3198:
3194:
3193:
3191:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3174:
3172:
3171:Certifications
3168:
3167:
3165:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3138:
3136:
3132:
3131:
3129:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3101:Bag valve mask
3098:
3092:
3090:
3086:
3085:
3083:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3071:
3070:
3065:
3055:
3049:
3047:
3043:
3042:
3037:
3035:
3034:
3027:
3020:
3012:
3003:
3002:
3000:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2968:
2966:
2965:Related fields
2962:
2961:
2959:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2942:
2940:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2891:
2889:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2838:
2837:
2827:
2821:
2819:
2815:
2814:
2812:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2760:
2758:
2752:
2751:
2749:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2732:
2729:
2728:
2723:
2721:
2720:
2713:
2706:
2698:
2692:
2691:
2686:
2679:
2678:External links
2676:
2673:
2672:
2646:
2625:
2599:
2588:on 23 May 2014
2573:
2556:"Job Openings"
2547:
2515:
2483:
2461:
2435:
2413:
2387:
2361:
2350:on 20 May 2016
2335:
2309:
2287:
2261:
2235:
2205:
2173:
2141:
2116:
2095:
2063:
2037:
2013:
1987:
1976:on 12 May 2015
1957:
1931:
1906:
1880:
1853:
1822:
1797:
1772:
1747:
1722:
1697:
1671:
1646:
1621:
1596:
1571:
1546:
1517:
1462:
1436:
1410:
1377:
1340:
1323:
1316:
1299:
1281:
1247:
1240:
1218:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1210:
1205:
1198:
1195:
1187:fire apparatus
1170:
1167:
1138:
1135:
1093:
1090:
1077:
1074:
1038:cricothyrotomy
1028:
1025:
1004:
1001:
985:pulse oximetry
979:
976:
962:
959:
947:wilderness EMT
938:
937:
934:
931:
928:
910:
907:
886:
883:
880:
879:
837:
835:
828:
816:
813:
799:
798:
795:
789:
786:non-parenteral
778:
719:Main article:
716:
715:United Kingdom
713:
705:
702:
689:
686:
683:
682:
667:
662:
658:
657:
647:
642:
638:
637:
580:
575:
571:
570:
569:Level of care
567:
564:
549:
548:
537:
532:
526:
525:
522:oxygen therapy
517:
512:
508:
507:
493:
488:
484:
483:
473:bag valve mask
469:
464:
460:
459:
444:
439:
435:
434:
433:Level of care
431:
428:
392:Main article:
389:
386:
380:
377:
347:
344:
338:
335:
309:), performing
307:nitroglycerine
282:
279:
266:Main article:
263:
260:
234:Main article:
231:
228:
207:
204:
140:
139:
134:
131:
128:
127:
117:
112:
109:
108:
104:
103:
100:
97:
94:
93:
90:
87:
84:
83:
80:
76:
75:
72:
68:
67:
63:
62:
55:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3257:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3237:
3235:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3195:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3175:
3173:
3169:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3139:
3137:
3133:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3116:First aid kit
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3093:
3091:
3087:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3060:
3059:
3056:
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1785:FutureQuals
1530:www.jibc.ca
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501:hypothermia
313:(including
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172:governments
126:; transport
107:Description
3234:Categories
3046:Techniques
2847:Blood bike
2370:"About us"
2228:2 December
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1861:Abram, T.
1540:2017-03-24
1169:Employment
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299:dextrose
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