564:, a friend whom he met at the École Polytechnique. Lemoine had been planning such a journal since early 1893, but thought that he would be too busy to create it. At a dinner with Laisant in March 1893, he suggested the idea of the journal. Laisant cajoled him to create the journal, and so they approached the publisher Gauthier-Villars, which published the first issue in January 1894. Lemoine served as the journal's first editor, and held the position for several years. The year after the journal's initial publication, he retired from mathematical research, but continued to support the subject. Lemoine died on 21 February 1912 in his home city of Paris.
371:
669:, attempted to create a methodological system by which constructions could be judged. This system enabled a more direct process for simplifying existing constructions. In his description, he listed five main operations: placing a compass's end on a given point, placing it on a given line, drawing a circle with the compass placed upon the aforementioned point or line, placing a straightedge on a given line, and extending the line with the straightedge.
461:, and the original idea for the text would have discussed the concepts Lemoine devised as concerning the entirety of mathematics. Time constraints, however, limited the scope of the paper. Instead of the original idea, Lemoine proposed a simplification of the construction process to a number of basic operations with the compass and straightedge. He presented this paper at a meeting of the
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and
Lemoine's conjecture deal with such sums only individually. This conjecture and the open questions about numbers at levels two and three are of interest in their own right because of the issues they raise within this fascinating and often baffling additive realm of the prime numbers."
846:
and triangles, as well as his study of concurrencies and concyclities, contributed to the modern triangle geometry of the time. The definition of points of the triangle such as the
Lemoine point was also a staple of the geometry, and other modern triangle geometers such as Brocard and
1629:
804:) of modern triangle geometry, a term used by William Gallatly, among others. In this context, "modern" is used to refer to geometry developed from the late 18th century onward. Such geometry relies on the abstraction of figures in the
42:
582:, in which much of Lemoine's work is published, declared that "To none of these more than Émile-Michel-Hyacinthe Lemoine is due the honor of starting this movement ..." At the annual meeting of the
473:
in 1888. The paper, however, did not garner much enthusiasm or interest among the mathematicians gathered there. Lemoine published several other papers on his construction system that same year, including
779:. the study has directed our attention to more subtle aspects of the additive theory of prime numbers. Our conjecture reflects this, dealing with interactions of sums involving primes whereas
732:. In 1985, John Kiltinen and Peter Young conjectured an extension of the conjecture which they called the "refined Lemoine conjecture". They published the conjecture in a journal of the
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606:. The black lines are medians, the dotted lines are angle bisectors and the red lines are the symmedians (the reflections of the black lines in the dotted lines).
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422:. The central focus of this paper concerned the point which bears his name today. Most of the other results discussed in the paper pertained to various
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expressions to geometric objects. He has been called a co-founder of modern triangle geometry, as many of its characteristics are present in his work.
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For most of his life, Lemoine was a professor of mathematics at the École
Polytechnique. In later years, he worked as a civil engineer in
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in 1816 with a construction of simplicity 400, but
Lemoine's presented solution had simplicity 154. Simpler solutions such as those by
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Lemoine served in the French military for a time in the years following the publishing of his best-known papers. Discharged during the
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Lemoine won the Prix Francœur in the years from 1902–1904 and 1906–1912, with the single interruption by Xavier Stouff's win in 1905.
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Une règle d'analogies dans le triangle et la spécification de certaines analogies à une transformation dite transformation continue
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The "simplicity" of a construction could be measured by the number of its operations. In his paper, he discussed as an example the
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Une règle d'analogies dans le triangle et la spécification de certaines analogies à une transformation dite transformation continue
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and, when he returned to Paris, he published some of his remaining mathematical research. He also participated and founded several
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and the École de Médecine. Lemoine also lectured at various scientific institutions in Paris and taught as a private
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to the sides of the triangle, then the six points of intersection of the lines and the sides of the triangle are
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1111:. Letter to Émile Lemoine. February 1890. The Morrison Foundation for Musical Research. Retrieved on 2008-05-19
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437:, a position he held until 1896. As the chief inspector, he was responsible for the gas supply of the city.
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in Paris at the age of twenty, the same year as his father's death. As a student there, Lemoine, a presumed
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granted because his father had helped found the school. During this early period, he published a journal
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193:. Lemoine taught as a private tutor for a short period after his graduation from the latter school.
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223:. During his tenure at the École Polytechnique and as a civil engineer, Lemoine published several
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John
Kiltinen; Peter Young (September 1984). "Goldbach, Lemoine, and a Know/Don't Know Problem".
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433:, he afterwards became a civil engineer in Paris. In this career, he rose to the rank of chief
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After this, Lemoine published another series of papers, including a series on what he called
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for trumpet, string quintet and piano. After graduation in 1866, he considered a career in
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for a period before accepting an appointment as a professor at the École
Polytechnique.
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to geometrical objects. This meaning stood separately from the modern definition of
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Lemoine's work has been said to contribute towards laying the foundation of modern
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Note sur les propriétés du centre des médianes antiparallèles dans un triangle
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Note sur les propriétés du centre des médianes antiparallèles dans un triangle
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Note sur les propriétés du centre des médianes antiparallèles dans un triangle
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Weisse, K.; Schreiber, P. (1989). "Zur
Geschichte des Lemoineschen Punktes".
17:
1189:(4). Wiss. Z. Greifswald. Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Univ. Math.-Natur. Reihe: 73–4.
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disease forced him to discontinue his teaching. He took a brief vacation in
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in particular. He was educated at a variety of institutions, including the
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626:. Other results in the paper included the idea that the symmedian from a
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on mathematics, most of which are included in a fourteen-page section in
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Sur les transformations systématiques des formules relatives au triangle
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Sur les transformations systématiques des formules relatives au triangle
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Lemoine's work defined many of the noted traits of this movement. His
653:, or that they lie on a circle. This circle is now known as the first
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Beiträge zur
Geschichte, Philosophie und Methodologie der Mathematik
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Gentry, F.C. (December 1941). "Analytic
Geometry of the Triangle".
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In 1894, Lemoine co-founded another mathematical journal entitled,
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Sur la mesure de la simplicité dans les constructions géométriques
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1461:"Apollonius' Problem: A Study of Solutions and Their Connections"
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to three given circles. The problem had already been solved by
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views clashed with the ideals of the incumbent government, the
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of the triangle divides the opposite side into segments whose
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De la mesure de la simplicité dans les sciences mathématiques
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Lemoine is best known for his proof of the existence of the
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Sur la mesure de la simplicité dans les tracés géométriques
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La Géométrographie ou l'art des constructions géométriques
910:"Note on Mr. George Peirce's Approximate Construction for
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La Géométrographie ou l'art des constructions géométriques
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Sur quelques propriétés d'un point remarquable du triangle
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La Géométrographie ou l'art des constructions géométriques
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La Géométrographie ou l'art des constructions géométriques
835:, as they do not involve the measures listed previously.
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which is greater than three can be expressed in the form
529:(continuous transformation), which related mathematical
330:, but was discouraged by the fact that his advocacy for
1016:(1896). "Biography of Émile-Michel-Hyacinthe Lemoine".
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Applications au tétraèdre de la transformation continue
551:
Applications au tétraèdre de la transformation continue
445:
During his tenure as a civil engineer, Lemoine wrote a
1508:(4 volumes). Vol. 1. S.l.: Chelsea. p. 424.
1123:"Émile Michel Hyacinthe Lemoine (1840–1912), geometer"
414:, Lemoine presented what became his best-known paper,
204:. Other mathematical work includes a system he called
412:
Association Française pour l'Avancement des
Sciences
173:; 22 November 1840 – 21 February 1912) was a French
1595:(PDF). Paideiaschool.org. Retrieved on 2008-04-16.
1537:(4). Mathematical Association of America: 195–203.
486:. He published additional papers on the subject in
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French mathematician and civil engineer (1840–1912)
1154:(3). Mathematical Association of America: 127–40.
426:that could be constructed from the Lemoine point.
277:occurring after 1807. As a child, he attended the
1285:(5). American Mathematical Society: 272–5. 1903.
740:which is at least 9, there are odd prime numbers
590:Francœur prize, which he held for several years.
1474:(1). University of Northern Iowa. Archived from
1358:Le Moniteur Scientifique du Docteur Quesneville
1326:(8). American Mathematical Society: 424. 1912.
1408:An Elementary Treatise on Modern Pure Geometry
885:Étude sur une nouvelle transformation continue
543:Étude sur une nouvelle transformation continue
1320:Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society
1279:Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society
708:In 1894, Lemoine stated what is now known as
8:
1459:David Gisch; Jason M. Ribando (2004-02-29).
1085:"École Polytechnique - 208 years of history"
506:, which was presented at the meeting of the
262:, on 22 November 1840, the son of a retired
219:, and he also took an amateur's interest in
1691:Members of the Ligue de la patrie française
1571:. Scholarly Publishing Office. p. 79.
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1468:American Journal of Undergraduate Research
1385:(2 ed.). New York: Barnes and Noble.
1252:. University of Evansville. Archived from
235:. Additionally, he founded a mathematical
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1360:: 154–155. February 1906. Archived from
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812:methods used earlier involving specific
614:, Lemoine proved the concurrency of the
1619:MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive
1447:CRC Concise Encyclopedia of Mathematics
988:
665:Lemoine's system of constructions, the
537:. His papers on this subject included,
322:composed several pieces, including the
310:player, helped to found an influential
1223:. Oxford: Dover Publications. p.
684:; the method of constructing a circle
618:of a triangle; the reflections of the
494:Journal des mathématiques élémentaires
451:compass and straightedge constructions
1434:. (1903), Scientia, Paris (in French)
1087:. École Polytechnique. Archived from
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418:at the Association's 1874 meeting in
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7:
1696:École Spéciale d'Architecture alumni
1204:. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
645:are drawn through the Lemoine point
586:in 1902, Lemoine received the 1,000-
1593:The Modern Geometry of the Triangle
1569:The Modern Geometry of the Triangle
1567:Gallatly, William (December 2005).
734:Mathematical Association of America
704:Lemoine's conjecture and extensions
1681:20th-century French mathematicians
1676:19th-century French mathematicians
1202:Dictionary of Scientific Biography
558:L'intermédiaire des mathématiciens
499:Nouvelles annales de mathématiques
296:Nouvelles annales de mathématiques
242:L'Intermédiaire des Mathématiciens
25:
1505:History of the Theory of Numbers
1381:Nathan Altshiller Court (1969).
1219:A History of Geometrical Methods
1064:"Émile Michel Hyacinthe Lemoine"
1062:O'Connor, J.J.; Robertson, E.F.
788:Role in modern triangle geometry
700:in 2001 are now known to exist.
657:, or simply the Lemoine circle.
1630:Works by or about Émile Lemoine
1333:10.1090/S0002-9904-1912-02239-5
1292:10.1090/S0002-9904-1903-00993-8
931:10.1090/s0002-9904-1902-00864-1
502:(1892), and the self-published
1410:. Cornell University Library.
1406:Lachlan, Robert (1893-01-01).
792:Lemoine has been described by
396:Société Mathématique de France
302:Lemoine was accepted into the
200:(or the symmedian point) of a
162:Émile Michel Hyacinthe Lemoine
1:
1148:National Mathematics Magazine
1019:American Mathematical Monthly
842:and relation of equations to
634:is equal to the ratio of the
579:American Mathematical Monthly
1215:Coolidge, Julian L. (1980).
851:wrote about similar points.
796:as a co-founder (along with
641:Lemoine also proved that if
610:In his 1874 paper, entitled
410:As a founding member of the
269:who had participated in the
208:and a method which related
187:Prytanée National Militaire
1712:
1686:École Polytechnique alumni
1125:. University of Evansville
393:and journals, such as the
1449:(CRC Press, 1999), 733–4.
622:of the triangle over the
584:Paris Academy of Sciences
155:
110:
39:
1624:University of St Andrews
977:Modern triangle geometry
638:of the other two sides.
594:Lemoine point and circle
366:Middle years (1870–1887)
1354:"Séance du 18 décembre"
1200:Greitzer, S.L. (1970).
794:Nathan Altshiller Court
736:: "For any odd number
527:transformation continue
441:Later years (1888–1912)
254:Early years (1840–1869)
229:Nathan Altshiller Court
189:and, most notably, the
1666:French civil engineers
855:List of selected works
607:
378:
106:, other geometric work
918:Bull. Amer. Math. Soc
781:Goldbach's conjecture
601:
514:(1892), and again at
508:Association Française
463:Association Française
373:
352:Charles-Adolphe Wurtz
148:Charles-Adolphe Wurtz
1610:Robertson, Edmund F.
1591:Steve Sigur (1999).
1531:Mathematics Magazine
1364:on January 21, 2021.
1250:"Triangle Geometers"
924:(4): 137–148. 1902.
710:Lemoine's conjecture
690:Joseph Diaz Gergonne
676:originally posed by
391:scientific societies
356:École des Beaux Arts
344:École d'Architecture
340:Second French Empire
258:Lemoine was born in
170:[emilləmwan]
1661:People from Quimper
1608:O'Connor, John J.;
1500:Dickson, Leonard E.
1248:Kimberling, Clark.
1121:Kimberling, Clark.
1014:Smith, David Eugene
678:Apollonius of Perga
661:Construction system
602:The Lemoine point;
405:Société de Physique
401:Journal de Physique
376:École Polytechnique
320:Camille Saint-Saëns
304:École Polytechnique
275:First French Empire
191:École Polytechnique
136:École Polytechnique
94:École Polytechnique
682:Hellenistic period
674:Apollonius problem
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484:Académie française
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260:Quimper, Finistère
1578:978-1-4181-7845-1
1444:Eric W. Weisstein
1417:978-1-4297-0050-4
972:Lemoine's problem
758:positive integers
574:triangle geometry
336:liberal religious
279:military Prytanée
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112:Scientific career
16:(Redirected from
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1634:Internet Archive
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562:Charles Laisant
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1476:the original
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1026:(2): 29–33.
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849:Gaston Tarry
844:tetrahedrons
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833:concyclicity
825:collinearity
808:rather than
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316:La Trompette
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132:Institutions
111:
76:(1912-02-21)
1656:1912 deaths
1651:1840 births
967:Tarry point
962:Nagel point
829:concurrency
680:during the
560:along with
518:(1893) and
449:concerning
381:In 1870, a
287:scholarship
126:engineering
122:Mathematics
1645:Categories
1485:2008-04-16
1339:2008-05-11
1298:2008-04-24
1260:2008-02-25
1129:2008-02-25
1095:2008-03-21
1070:2008-02-26
1066:. MacTutor
769:m = 2p + q
767:such that
714:odd number
616:symmedians
453:entitled,
403:, and the
332:republican
55:1840-11-22
821:distances
651:concyclic
531:equations
435:inspector
383:laryngeal
283:La Flèche
271:campaigns
249:Biography
210:algebraic
1502:(1971).
940:See also
817:measures
810:analytic
712:: Every
647:parallel
553:(1894).
545:(1891),
541:(1891),
522:(1894).
516:Besançon
496:(1889),
492:(1888),
489:Mathesis
447:treatise
387:Grenoble
346:and the
264:military
239:titled,
202:triangle
183:geometer
84:, France
65:, France
1632:at the
1551:2689513
1313:"Notes"
1168:3028804
1040:2968278
686:tangent
636:squares
620:medians
482:of the
478:in the
471:Algeria
431:Commune
354:at the
308:trumpet
291:article
273:of the
267:captain
237:journal
166:French:
151:J. Kiœs
63:Quimper
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1231:
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899:(1893)
893:(1892)
887:(1891)
881:(1891)
875:(1889)
869:(1874)
863:(1873)
831:, and
720:where
718:2p + q
628:vertex
576:. The
399:, the
324:Septet
225:papers
177:and a
118:Fields
1547:JSTOR
1479:(PDF)
1464:(PDF)
1316:(PDF)
1164:JSTOR
1036:JSTOR
984:Notes
814:angle
806:plane
730:prime
643:lines
632:ratio
588:franc
420:Lille
360:tutor
285:on a
221:music
217:Paris
82:Paris
1573:ISBN
1510:ISBN
1412:ISBN
1387:ISBN
1229:ISBN
819:and
800:and
775:and
763:and
756:and
752:and
728:are
724:and
520:Caen
467:Oran
374:The
181:, a
71:Died
49:Born
1539:doi
1328:doi
1287:doi
1156:doi
1028:doi
926:doi
512:Pau
510:in
465:in
328:law
293:in
281:of
231:'s
1647::
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1616:,
1612:,
1559:^
1545:.
1535:58
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1466:.
1371:^
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1324:18
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1187:38
1162:.
1152:16
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1138:^
1048:^
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1472:3
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1030::
1024:3
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912:π
765:k
761:j
754:s
750:r
746:q
742:p
738:m
726:q
722:p
604:L
164:(
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53:(
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