684:
540:" to force trade with Japan. The Tokugawa shogunate, which had controlled military and civil affairs in Japan's feudal provinces for some three centuries, proved unable to meet the new challenge of open trade with the West. At the time, Emperor Kōmei still retained only symbolic power at his court in Kyoto. As the shogunate, divided by internal disputes, gradually surrendered sovereignty to the foreign powers under threat of military force, Emperor Kōmei began to assert himself and regain many of the powers his ancestors had conceded to the Tokugawa clan at the close of the
50:
504:
3457:
989:
749:, which caused surprise because Kōmei had allegedly never been ill before. On 30 January 1867 he suffered a fatal violent bout of vomiting and diarrhea, and had purple spots on his face. Emperor Kōmei's death was distinctly convenient for the anti-bakufu forces whom Kōmei had consistently opposed. It was rumored at the time that he was assassinated either by radicals from Choshu, or radical officials in the court. British diplomat
3514:
436:
633:. The reception by Emperor Kōmei of the shogun in the Kyoto palace can be seen as a moment at which the political realm was thoroughly redefined, becoming a transitional imperial realm. This impression was enforced by the ensuing pilgrimage by Emperor Kōmei to the Kamo shrine, with the shogun in tow. This public demonstration showed that a new order had now emerged in the realm.
349:
2397:
737:. Other incidents included the bombardments of Shimonoseki and Kagoshima, and the destruction of Japanese warships, coastal guns, and assorted military infrastructure throughout the country. These incidents showed that Japan could not match the military might of the Western powers at the time, and that military confrontation could not prove to be a diplomatic solution.
573:. Both the Emperor and his sister were against the marriage, even though he realized the gains to be had from such familial connections with the true ruler of Japan. Emperor Kōmei did not care much for anything foreign, and he opposed opening Japan to Western powers, even as the shogun continued to accept foreign demands.
754:
time. Nevertheless, by the time of
Emperor Kōmei's death the government was faced with bankruptcy and near collapse. Japan was also surrounded by colonial powers, who stood poised to gain considerable influence with substantial investments in Japanese trade. Kōmei's son, Imperial Prince Mutsuhito, was crowned as
599:
scholar/bureaucrat who might have been somewhat surprised to find himself at a crucial nexus of managing political change—moving arguably "by the book" through uncharted waters with well-settled theories and history as the only reliable guide. Hayashi Akira was dispatched from Edo to Kyoto in
October
590:
headed the bakufu delegation which sought advice from
Emperor Kōmei in deciding how to deal with newly assertive foreign powers. This would have been the first time the Emperor's counsel was actively sought since the establishment of the Tokugawa shogunate. The most easily identified consequence of
753:
wrote, "it is impossible to deny that disappearance from the political scene, leaving as his successor a boy of fifteen or sixteen , was most opportune". However, there is no evidence of this and it is generally believed that he was simply one more victim of what was a worldwide pandemic at the
711:
Emperor Kōmei was infuriated with nearly every development during his reign as
Emperor, and during his lifetime he never saw any foreigners nor did he know much about them. Unequal trade treaties with the Western powers, such as the Treaty of Kanagawa and the Harris Treaty were signed without
511:
Prince
Osahito was enthroned as Emperor on 10 March 1846 upon the death of his father. The succession was considered to have been received by the new monarch; and shortly thereafter, Emperor Kōmei is said to have acceded the throne. The years of Kōmei's reign correspond with a period in which
720:
sentiments, and, breaking with centuries of imperial tradition, began to take an active role in matters of state. As opportunities arose, he fulminated against the treaties and attempted to interfere in the shogunal succession. His efforts culminated in 1863 with his
891:
In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During Kōmei's reign, this apex of the
628:
The pilgrimage of the 14th shogun
Tokugawa Iemochi to Kyoto in 1863 was a defining moment not only in 19th century relations between the military bakufu and the Imperial Court, but also in what history would come to call the
625:. Hayashi's twofold task was to both explain the terms to a sceptical Emperor and gain the sovereign's assent to it. Kōmei did ultimately acquiesce in February 1859 when he came to understand that there was no alternative.
407:. Emperor Kōmei did not care much for anything foreign, and he opposed opening Japan to Western powers. His reign would continue to be dominated by insurrection and partisan conflicts, eventually culminating in the
595:
and Kyoto during the next decade. Concerning these difficult
Imperial audiences in Kyoto, it is somewhat remarkable that the shogun and his bakufu were represented by Hayashi Akira, a 19th-century
712:
Imperial sanction and in spite of the
Emperor's refusal to approve them. He twice expressed his will to resign from his position in protest. During his reign he started to gain more power as the
725:". Although the Shogunate had no intention of enforcing the order, it nevertheless inspired attacks against the Shogunate itself and against foreigners in Japan: the most famous incident was
601:
672:. Those five cities were to be opened to foreign trade with the four Western nations in the treaties. In addition, the treaties stipulated that a system of
2385:
649:
683:
3583:
888:
eras. Even during those years in which the court's actual influence outside the palace walls was minimal, the hierarchic organization persisted.
3578:
2160:
1832:
1810:
1782:
1758:
1731:
79:
2363:
716:
declined, though this was limited to consultation and other forms of deference according to protocol. Emperor Kōmei generally agreed with
656:). The treaties stipulated that the citizens of those foreign nations would be allowed to reside and trade at will in the cities of Edo,
3553:
3588:
3502:
3492:
2378:
3558:
1857:
49:
3238:
3593:
3538:
3517:
2371:
1845:
1723:
503:
1836:
2406:
2345:
1914:
1880:
730:
722:
369:
2152:
1824:
1750:
1154:
1104:
234:
884:
is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the
Emperor of Japan in pre-
3573:
3568:
3563:
3507:
3497:
3209:
2309:
1895:
771:
307:
210:
3337:
3214:
1530:
992:
829:
717:
400:
3302:
3145:
801:
591:
this transitional overture would be the increased numbers of messengers streaming back and forth between
1841:
1540:
908:
789:
195:
3481:
3548:
3543:
3041:
3031:
2972:
2927:
1535:
938:
645:
545:
448:
55:
327:
3342:
3327:
3317:
3287:
3258:
3253:
3224:
3204:
3189:
3179:
3140:
3061:
3046:
2942:
2034:
1545:
833:
821:
813:
673:
3199:
3130:
2907:
2458:
1800:
3322:
3292:
3194:
3150:
3081:
1004:
817:
793:
713:
636:
After reluctantly accepting the Harris Treaty, Japan quickly signed similar treaties, called the
558:
529:
525:
412:
179:
138:
3086:
2877:
2710:
2700:
2606:
3456:
3396:
3347:
3297:
3184:
2982:
2947:
2937:
2932:
2917:
2857:
2778:
2705:
2288:
2156:
1949:
1828:
1806:
1788:
1778:
1754:
1727:
1525:
1519:
1278:
837:
797:
759:
726:
630:
416:
241:
3484:
3477:
3352:
3332:
3164:
3125:
3096:
3091:
3066:
3051:
2987:
2952:
2922:
2897:
2872:
2803:
2798:
2788:
2783:
2720:
2680:
2616:
2596:
2586:
2533:
2527:
2517:
2497:
2492:
2401:
2338:
2014:
1875:
1802:
Japans
Kaiserhof in der Edo-Zeit: unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Jahre 1846 bis 1867.
1506:
1463:
1258:
1188:
948:
918:
848:
841:
825:
566:
533:
521:
513:
484:
396:
388:
365:
317:
134:
126:
92:
64:
3376:
3219:
3076:
3056:
3036:
3026:
3011:
2997:
2862:
2675:
2626:
2581:
2022:
2018:
1016:
855:
845:
583:
517:
279:
272:
130:
3135:
2977:
2730:
2601:
2576:
2463:
2423:
2148:
Negotiating with Imperialism: The Unequal Treaties and the Culture of Japanese Diplomacy.
2010:
689:
487:
and his consort Ōgimachi Naoko (正親町雅子). Osahito's Imperial Family lived with him in the
3312:
3307:
3110:
3071:
2992:
2962:
2902:
2892:
2842:
2793:
2773:
2740:
2685:
2670:
2631:
2621:
2611:
2591:
2512:
2443:
2142:
1964:
1922:
988:
928:
809:
805:
734:
677:
661:
641:
637:
570:
541:
3532:
3391:
3362:
2967:
2912:
2887:
2867:
2852:
2837:
2808:
2735:
2725:
2715:
2695:
2690:
2641:
2636:
2552:
2522:
2507:
2502:
2453:
2448:
2438:
2355:
2006:
1885:
1772:
1740:
1550:
1482:
1284:
1198:
1117:
1090:
1012:
996:
859:
755:
596:
587:
424:
392:
249:
102:
792:. Also enshrined in this mausoleum complex are Kōmei's immediate predecessors since
435:
2957:
2847:
2822:
2655:
2561:
2477:
1890:
1768:
1713:
885:
750:
492:
488:
420:
1093:
was the only one to survive to adulthood. Kōmei's principal consort was Asako Kujō
894:
785:
2146:
2103:
1744:
1717:
3469:
2882:
2758:
1068:
862:, posthumous names were chosen in advance, being the same as their reign names.
676:
would provide for the subjugation of foreign residents to the laws of their own
653:
537:
372:. Kōmei's reign spanned the years from 1846 through 1867, corresponding to the
3465:
3272:
1089:
The family included six children, four daughters and two sons; but the future
408:
377:
1762:
1735:
17:
1792:
969:
373:
1851:
1052:
562:
544:("warring states") period. The Emperor's younger sister, Imperial princess
348:
110:
1863:
3440:
3430:
3401:
2164:
1814:
976:
955:
871:
746:
669:
657:
3435:
1076:
1028:
962:
903:
302:
1060:
440:
404:
337:
1019:) was selected and did not change until his death. There were seven
3415:
2396:
1044:
1003:
Emperor Kōmei was the last Japanese Emperor who had more than one
987:
453:
384:
175:
758:
on 12 September 1868 and these issues were put to rest under the
733:, for which the Tokugawa government paid an indemnity of 100,000
1197: • Adopted Son: Imperial Prince Mutsuhito (later
1036:
665:
383:
During his reign there was much internal turmoil as a result of
2367:
1283: • Second Son: Imperial Prince Mutsuhito (later
592:
1011:) during a single ruling term. Beginning with his successor,
858:
chosen after his death. Beginning with the reign of his son,
483:. Osahito was born on 22 July 1831 and was the fourth son of
3455:
1719:
A History of Japan, 1582–1941: Internal and External Worlds.
2078:
A History of Japan, 1582–1941: Internal and External Worlds
1193: • First Daughter: Imperial Princess Yoriko
360:(22 July 1831 – 30 January 1867), posthumously honored as
1103:. After Kōmei's death in 1867, Asako was given the title
1015:, a single era name (identical to the Emperor's eventual
1774:
Emperor of Japan : Meiji and his world, 1852-1912
851:
is also entombed at this Imperial mausoleum complex.
3423:
3414:
3384:
3375:
3280:
3271:
3246:
3237:
3172:
3163:
3118:
3109:
3019:
3010:
2830:
2821:
2766:
2757:
2663:
2654:
2569:
2560:
2551:
2485:
2476:
2431:
2422:
2415:
640:(also known as the Ansei Five-Power Treaties, with
343:
333:
323:
313:
301:
271:
240:
230:
202:
185:
151:
147:
108:
98:
88:
78:
70:
63:
34:
1819:Nussbaum, Louis Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005).
854:Emperor Kōmei was the last Emperor to be given a
2290:Emperor of Japan: Meiji and His World, 1852–1912
1315: • Fourth Daughter: Princess Rie
1195: • Second daughter: Princess Fuki
1313: • Third Daughter: Princess Suma
745:In January 1867 the Emperor was diagnosed with
612:
403:of Japan to western nations, ending a 220-year
207:
1694:
1677:
1636:
1601:
1566:
1487:
1448:
1413:
1349:
1323:
1295:
1263:
1235:
1173:
1159:
1109:
1096:
877:
777:
695:
606:
550:
476:
463:
288:
218:
158:
38:
3464:Unless otherwise noted (as BC), years are in
2379:
8:
399:in 1853 and 1854, and the subsequent forced
3420:
3381:
3277:
3243:
3169:
3115:
3016:
2827:
2763:
2660:
2566:
2557:
2482:
2428:
2419:
2386:
2372:
2364:
2300:
1377:
1211:
1127:
48:
31:
2001:Ponsonby-Fane, p. 123. A distinct act of
772:Nochi no Tsukinowa no Higashi no misasagi
769:was enshrined in the Imperial mausoleum,
2207:Sakamoto Ryoma and the Meiji Restoration
2063:Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric et al. (2005).
682:
502:
434:
1907:
1777:. New York: Columbia University Press.
1669:
1253: • First Son: Myōkōgein
124:
1842:Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon
680:instead of the Japanese legal system.
507:Enthronement ceremony of Emperor Kōmei
268:
2193:
7:
2033:in the same year until the reign of
528:were leaders at the pinnacle of the
1965:"Japan:Memoirs of a Secret Empire"
1862:Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society.
1850:Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society.
571:Movement to Unite Court and Bakufu
27:Emperor of Japan from 1846 to 1867
25:
1859:Kyoto: the Old Capital, 794–1869.
765:After Kōmei's death in 1867, his
600:1858 to explain the terms of the
3513:
3512:
2395:
2350:10 March 1846 – 30 January 1867
2209:Footnote, p. 282. Janen Marius.
2091:Kyoto: the Old Capital, 794–1869
2089:Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1956).
1951:Japans Kaiserhof in der Edo-Zeit
1934:Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959).
447:Before Kōmei's accession to the
415:shortly after his death and the
347:
211:Nochi no tsuki no wa no misasagi
707:The "Order to Expel Barbarians"
577:Consultation with the shogunate
368:, according to the traditional
74:10 March 1846 – 30 January 1867
3584:19th-century Japanese monarchs
532:. On 8 July 1853 US Commodore
1:
3579:Deaths from smallpox in Japan
687:An 1861 image expressing the
3487:is not traditionally listed.
2009:; and all sovereigns except
1847:The Imperial House of Japan.
1647:
1644:
1612:
1609:
1577:
1574:
1502:
1499:
1459:
1456:
1424:
1421:
1366:
1340:
1334:
1331:
1306:
1303:
1274:
1271:
1246:
1243:
1184:
1181:
615:Nichibei Shūkō Tsūshō Jōyaku
602:Treaty of Amity and Commerce
405:period of national seclusion
1936:The Imperial House of Japan
1746:The Making of Modern Japan.
613:
208:
198:, Kyoto, Tokugawa Shogunate
3610:
3554:People of Edo-period Japan
2211:The Making of Modern Japan
1948:Meyer, Eva-Maria. (1999).
1799:Meyer, Eva-Maria. (1999).
1724:Cambridge University Press
256:
3589:Sons of Japanese emperors
3453:
2352:
2343:
2335:
2330:
2303:
2041:Varley, H. Paul. (1980).
2005:is unrecognized prior to
1915:Imperial Household Agency
1881:List of Emperors of Japan
1678:
1637:
1602:
1567:
1488:
1483:Imperial Prince Mutsuhito
1449:
1414:
1350:
1324:
1296:
1264:
1236:
1174:
1160:
1110:
1097:
878:
778:
731:Charles Lennox Richardson
723:Order to expel barbarians
700:, "Expel the Barbarians")
696:
607:
551:
477:
464:
443:of Japanese Emperor Kōmei
423:of his son and successor
289:
278:
267:
219:
159:
47:
39:
2153:Harvard University Press
1825:Harvard University Press
1751:Harvard University Press
1445:Imperial Princess Yoriko
419:in the beginning of the
2310:Imperial House of Japan
2287:Keene, Donald. (2002).
1896:Tsuki no wa no misasagi
395:, which occurred under
308:Imperial House of Japan
54:Posthumous portrait by
3460:
1805:Münster: LIT Verlag.
1695:
1531:Princess Masako Takeda
1023:during Kōmei's reign.
1000:
993:Imperial Seal of Japan
703:
508:
444:
3459:
2076:Cullen, L.M. (2003).
1496:(later Emperor Meiji)
1169:Empress Dowager Eishō
1105:Empress Dowager Eishō
991:
984:Eras of Kōmei's reign
983:
909:Takatsukasa Masamichi
790:Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto
686:
557:, was married to the
506:
451:, his personal name (
438:
196:Kyoto Imperial Palace
3493:Imperial family tree
1856:__________. (1956).
1536:Fusako Kitashirakawa
939:Takatsukasa Sukehiro
621:, also known as the
581:On 22 January 1858,
546:Kazu-no-Miya Chikako
449:Chrysanthemum Throne
155:Osahito, Prince Hiro
3559:People of Bakumatsu
3503:Order of succession
2175:Jansen, pp. 314–315
2035:Emperor Go-Murakami
1938:. pp. 123–135.
1821:Japan Encyclopedia.
1546:Toshiko Higashikuni
674:extraterritoriality
389:first major contact
370:order of succession
3461:
2143:Auslin, Michael R.
2065:Japan encyclopedia
1549: •
1544: •
1539: •
1534: •
1529: •
1524: •
1001:
794:Emperor Go-Mizunoo
729:of British trader
714:Tokugawa shogunate
704:
536:arrived with his "
530:Tokugawa shogunate
526:Tokugawa Yoshinobu
509:
470:and his title was
445:
413:Tokugawa shogunate
180:Tokugawa Shogunate
139:Tokugawa Yoshinobu
3594:People from Kyoto
3539:Emperors of Japan
3526:
3525:
3449:
3448:
3410:
3409:
3371:
3370:
3267:
3266:
3233:
3232:
3159:
3158:
3105:
3104:
3006:
3005:
2817:
2816:
2753:
2752:
2749:
2748:
2650:
2649:
2547:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2472:
2471:
2402:Emperors of Japan
2362:
2361:
2353:Succeeded by
2196:, pp. 94–96.
2161:978-0-674-01521-0
1833:978-0-674-01753-5
1811:978-3-8258-3939-0
1784:978-0-231-12340-2
1759:978-0-674-00991-2
1741:Jansen, Marius B.
1732:978-0-521-52918-1
1661:
1660:
1516:
1511:
1497:
1371:
1370:
1279:Nakayama Tadayasu
1205:
1204:
760:Meiji Restoration
741:Illness and death
631:Meiji Restoration
417:Meiji Restoration
355:
354:
297:
296:
16:(Redirected from
3601:
3516:
3515:
3478:Imperial Consort
3475:
3421:
3382:
3278:
3244:
3170:
3116:
3017:
2828:
2764:
2661:
2567:
2558:
2483:
2429:
2420:
2410:
2400:
2399:
2388:
2381:
2374:
2365:
2346:Emperor of Japan
2336:Preceded by
2326:
2319:
2301:
2295:
2285:
2279:
2272:
2266:
2259:
2253:
2246:
2240:
2233:
2227:
2220:
2214:
2205:Jansen, Marius.
2203:
2197:
2191:
2185:
2182:
2176:
2173:
2167:
2140:
2134:
2131:
2125:
2122:
2116:
2113:
2107:
2100:
2094:
2087:
2081:
2074:
2068:
2061:
2055:
2052:
2046:
1999:
1993:
1986:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1961:
1955:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1931:
1925:
1912:
1876:Emperor of Japan
1796:
1714:Cullen, Louis M.
1701:
1700:
1698:
1689:
1683:
1682:
1681:
1680:
1674:
1642:
1640:
1639:
1629:
1607:
1605:
1604:
1594:
1572:
1570:
1569:
1559:
1514:
1509:
1507:Nakayama Yoshiko
1495:
1493:
1491:
1490:
1478:
1454:
1452:
1451:
1441:
1419:
1417:
1416:
1410:Prince Myōkōgein
1406:
1378:
1355:
1353:
1352:
1329:
1327:
1326:
1301:
1299:
1298:
1269:
1267:
1266:
1259:Nakayama Yoshiko
1241:
1239:
1238:
1212:
1179:
1177:
1176:
1165:
1163:
1162:
1128:
1115:
1113:
1112:
1102:
1100:
1099:
883:
881:
880:
783:
781:
780:
751:Sir Ernest Satow
701:
699:
698:
620:
618:
610:
609:
567:Tokugawa Iemochi
556:
554:
553:
522:Tokugawa Iemochi
514:Tokugawa Ieyoshi
482:
480:
479:
469:
467:
466:
366:emperor of Japan
364:, was the 121st
351:
292:
291:
269:
260:
224:
222:
221:
215:
192:
172:
170:
164:
162:
161:
135:Tokugawa Iemochi
127:Tokugawa Ieyoshi
65:Emperor of Japan
52:
43:
42:
41:
32:
21:
3609:
3608:
3604:
3603:
3602:
3600:
3599:
3598:
3529:
3528:
3527:
3522:
3473:
3445:
3406:
3377:Empire of Japan
3367:
3263:
3239:Azuchi-Momoyama
3229:
3210:Go-Tsuchimikado
3155:
3101:
3002:
2813:
2745:
2646:
2539:
2468:
2411:
2404:
2394:
2392:
2358:
2349:
2341:
2325:30 January 1867
2320:
2314:
2313:
2306:
2299:
2298:
2286:
2282:
2274:Ponsonby-Fane,
2273:
2269:
2261:Ponsonby-Fane,
2260:
2256:
2248:Ponsonby-Fane,
2247:
2243:
2235:Ponsonby-Fane,
2234:
2230:
2222:Ponsonby-Fane,
2221:
2217:
2204:
2200:
2192:
2188:
2183:
2179:
2174:
2170:
2141:
2137:
2132:
2128:
2123:
2119:
2115:Cullen, p. 184.
2114:
2110:
2101:
2097:
2088:
2084:
2075:
2071:
2062:
2058:
2053:
2049:
2000:
1996:
1988:Ponsonby-Fane,
1987:
1983:
1973:
1971:
1963:
1962:
1958:
1947:
1943:
1933:
1932:
1928:
1913:
1909:
1904:
1872:
1785:
1767:
1710:
1705:
1704:
1692:
1690:
1686:
1676:
1675:
1671:
1666:
1634:
1630:Fourth Daughter
1627:
1599:
1592:
1564:
1560:Second Daughter
1557:
1551:among others...
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1512:
1494:
1485:
1476:
1446:
1439:
1411:
1404:
1376:
1347:
1321:
1314:
1293:
1261:
1233:
1210:
1196:
1194:
1171:
1166:
1157:
1126:
1107:
1094:
1087:
1017:posthumous name
986:
875:
868:
856:posthumous name
846:Empress Dowager
775:
743:
709:
693:
678:consular courts
604:
584:Daigaku-no-kami
579:
569:as part of the
548:
518:Tokugawa Iesada
501:
474:
461:
433:
397:Commodore Perry
287:Emperor Kōmei (
286:
273:Posthumous name
263:
254:
226:
216:
194:
190:
189:30 January 1867
174:
168:
166:
165:
156:
143:
137:
133:
131:Tokugawa Iesada
129:
123:
122:
84:31 October 1847
59:
37:
36:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3607:
3605:
3597:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3574:1860s in Japan
3571:
3569:1850s in Japan
3566:
3564:1840s in Japan
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3531:
3530:
3524:
3523:
3521:
3520:
3510:
3508:Imperial tombs
3505:
3500:
3498:Imperial House
3495:
3454:
3451:
3450:
3447:
3446:
3444:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3427:
3425:
3418:
3412:
3411:
3408:
3407:
3405:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3388:
3386:
3379:
3373:
3372:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3338:Go-Sakuramachi
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3284:
3282:
3275:
3269:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3262:
3261:
3256:
3250:
3248:
3241:
3235:
3234:
3231:
3230:
3228:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3215:Go-Kashiwabara
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3176:
3174:
3167:
3161:
3160:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3122:
3120:
3113:
3111:Northern Court
3107:
3106:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3023:
3021:
3014:
3008:
3007:
3004:
3003:
3001:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2834:
2832:
2825:
2819:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2812:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2770:
2768:
2761:
2755:
2754:
2751:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2667:
2665:
2658:
2652:
2651:
2648:
2647:
2645:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2573:
2571:
2564:
2555:
2549:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2541:
2540:
2538:
2537:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2489:
2487:
2480:
2474:
2473:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2435:
2433:
2426:
2417:
2413:
2412:
2393:
2391:
2390:
2383:
2376:
2368:
2360:
2359:
2354:
2351:
2342:
2337:
2333:
2332:
2331:Regnal titles
2328:
2327:
2307:
2305:Emperor Kōmei
2304:
2297:
2296:
2280:
2276:Imperial House
2267:
2263:Imperial House
2254:
2250:Imperial House
2241:
2237:Imperial House
2228:
2224:Imperial House
2215:
2198:
2186:
2177:
2168:
2135:
2126:
2124:Jansen (2002).
2117:
2108:
2095:
2082:
2069:
2056:
2054:Cullen (2003).
2047:
1994:
1990:Imperial House
1981:
1956:
1941:
1926:
1906:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1899:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1871:
1868:
1867:
1866:
1854:
1839:
1817:
1797:
1783:
1765:
1738:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1702:
1684:
1668:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1631:
1624:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1596:
1595:Third Daughter
1589:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1561:
1554:
1553:
1526:Emperor Taishō
1522:
1517:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1480:
1473:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1443:
1442:First Daughter
1436:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1408:
1401:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1368:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1343:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1317:
1316:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1289:
1288:
1281:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1255:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1229:
1228:
1225:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1202:
1191:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1152:
1148:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1125:
1122:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1081:
1073:
1065:
1057:
1049:
1041:
1033:
985:
982:
981:
980:
973:
966:
959:
952:
942:
932:
929:Konoe Tadahiro
922:
912:
867:
864:
830:Go-Sakuramachi
784:, which is at
742:
739:
735:pound sterling
708:
705:
638:Ansei Treaties
578:
575:
500:
497:
441:Imperial crown
432:
429:
353:
352:
345:
341:
340:
335:
331:
330:
328:Naoko Ōgimachi
325:
321:
320:
315:
311:
310:
305:
299:
298:
295:
294:
280:Chinese-style
276:
275:
265:
264:
262:
261:
252:
246:
244:
238:
237:
232:
228:
227:
206:
204:
200:
199:
193:(aged 35)
187:
183:
182:
153:
149:
148:
145:
144:
142:
141:
118:
117:
116:
114:
106:
105:
100:
96:
95:
90:
86:
85:
82:
76:
75:
72:
68:
67:
61:
60:
56:Koyama Shōtarō
53:
45:
44:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3606:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3536:
3534:
3519:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3490:
3489:
3488:
3486:
3485:Empress Jingū
3483:
3479:
3472:
3471:
3467:
3458:
3452:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3413:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3374:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3285:
3283:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3270:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3236:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3177:
3175:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3162:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3123:
3121:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3108:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3024:
3022:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3009:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2835:
2833:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2820:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2771:
2769:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2756:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2668:
2666:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2653:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2550:
2536:
2535:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2486:290 BC–269 AD
2484:
2481:
2479:
2475:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2436:
2434:
2432:660 BC–291 BC
2430:
2427:
2425:
2421:
2418:
2414:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2389:
2384:
2382:
2377:
2375:
2370:
2369:
2366:
2357:
2356:Emperor Meiji
2348:
2347:
2340:
2339:Emperor Ninkō
2334:
2329:
2324:
2317:
2312:
2311:
2302:
2293:
2291:
2284:
2281:
2277:
2271:
2268:
2264:
2258:
2255:
2251:
2245:
2242:
2238:
2232:
2229:
2225:
2219:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2202:
2199:
2195:
2190:
2187:
2181:
2178:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2165:OCLC 56493769
2162:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2136:
2130:
2127:
2121:
2118:
2112:
2109:
2105:
2099:
2096:
2092:
2086:
2083:
2079:
2073:
2070:
2066:
2060:
2057:
2051:
2048:
2044:
2043:Jinnō Shōtōki
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2007:Emperor Tenji
2004:
1998:
1995:
1991:
1985:
1982:
1970:
1966:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1945:
1942:
1937:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1911:
1908:
1901:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1886:Imperial cult
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1860:
1855:
1853:
1849:
1848:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1837:OCLC 48943301
1834:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1816:
1815:OCLC 42041594
1812:
1808:
1804:
1803:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1780:
1776:
1775:
1770:
1769:Keene, Donald
1766:
1764:
1763:OCLC 52086912
1760:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1747:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1736:OCLC 50694793
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1720:
1715:
1712:
1711:
1707:
1697:
1688:
1685:
1673:
1670:
1663:
1656:
1653:
1651:Horikawa Kiko
1650:
1632:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1618:
1616:Horikawa Kiko
1615:
1598:Princess Suma
1597:
1591:
1590:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1563:Princess Fuki
1562:
1556:
1555:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1523:
1521:
1520:Masako Ichijō
1518:
1508:
1505:
1484:
1481:
1475:
1474:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1444:
1438:
1437:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1409:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1379:
1373:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1345:
1344:
1337:
1320:Imaki Shigeko
1319:
1318:
1312:
1309:
1292:Horikawa Kiko
1291:
1290:
1286:
1285:Emperor Meiji
1282:
1280:
1277:
1260:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1249:
1231:
1230:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1207:
1200:
1199:Emperor Meiji
1192:
1190:
1189:Kujō Hisatada
1187:
1170:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1118:Emperor Meiji
1106:
1092:
1091:Emperor Meiji
1084:
1079:
1078:
1074:
1071:
1070:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1026:
1025:
1024:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1013:Emperor Meiji
1010:
1006:
998:
997:chrysanthemum
995:— a stylized
994:
990:
979:
978:
974:
972:
971:
967:
965:
964:
960:
958:
957:
953:
950:
949:Nijō Nariyuki
946:
943:
940:
936:
933:
930:
926:
923:
920:
919:Kujō Hisatada
916:
913:
910:
906:
905:
901:
900:
899:
897:
896:
889:
887:
874:
873:
865:
863:
861:
860:Emperor Meiji
857:
852:
850:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
774:
773:
768:
763:
761:
757:
756:Emperor Meiji
752:
748:
740:
738:
736:
732:
728:
724:
719:
715:
706:
692:
691:
685:
681:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
650:Great Britain
647:
643:
639:
634:
632:
626:
624:
623:Harris Treaty
617:
616:
603:
598:
597:neo-Confucian
594:
589:
588:Hayashi Akira
586:
585:
576:
574:
572:
568:
565:
564:
560:
547:
543:
539:
535:
534:Matthew Perry
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
505:
498:
496:
494:
490:
486:
485:Emperor Ninkō
473:
460:
456:
455:
450:
442:
437:
430:
428:
426:
425:Emperor Meiji
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
393:United States
390:
386:
381:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
362:Emperor Kōmei
359:
350:
346:
342:
339:
336:
332:
329:
326:
322:
319:
318:Emperor Ninkō
316:
312:
309:
306:
304:
300:
284:
283:
277:
274:
270:
266:
258:
253:
251:
250:Emperor Meiji
248:
247:
245:
243:
239:
236:
233:
229:
214:
213:
212:
205:
201:
197:
188:
184:
181:
177:
154:
150:
146:
140:
136:
132:
128:
125:
121:
115:
113:
112:
107:
104:
101:
97:
94:
91:
87:
83:
81:
77:
73:
69:
66:
62:
57:
51:
46:
35:Emperor Kōmei
33:
30:
19:
18:Emperor Komei
3476:
3468: /
3463:
3462:
3424:1947–present
3357:
3032:Tsuchimikado
2973:Go-Shirakawa
2532:
2344:
2322:
2318:22 July 1831
2315:
2308:
2289:
2283:
2275:
2270:
2262:
2257:
2249:
2244:
2236:
2231:
2223:
2218:
2210:
2206:
2201:
2189:
2184:Keene (2002)
2180:
2171:
2147:
2138:
2129:
2120:
2111:
2098:
2090:
2085:
2077:
2072:
2064:
2059:
2050:
2042:
2038:
2030:
2026:
2002:
1997:
1989:
1984:
1972:. Retrieved
1968:
1959:
1950:
1944:
1935:
1929:
1918:
1910:
1891:Heian Shrine
1858:
1846:
1820:
1801:
1773:
1745:
1718:
1687:
1672:
1633:Princess Rie
1541:Nobuko Asaka
1168:
1088:
1075:
1067:
1059:
1051:
1043:
1035:
1027:
1020:
1008:
1002:
975:
968:
961:
954:
944:
934:
924:
914:
902:
893:
890:
870:
869:
853:
770:
766:
764:
744:
718:anti-Western
710:
688:
635:
627:
622:
614:
582:
580:
561:
510:
493:Heian Palace
472:Hiro-no-miya
471:
458:
452:
446:
382:
361:
357:
356:
281:
257:among others
209:
191:(1867-01-30)
173:22 July 1831
119:
109:
80:Enthronement
29:
3549:1867 deaths
3544:1831 births
3343:Go-Momozono
3328:Sakuramachi
3318:Higashiyama
3205:Go-Hanazono
3190:Go-Kameyama
3180:Go-Murakami
3062:Go-Fukakusa
3047:Go-Horikawa
2151:Cambridge:
2133:Auslin, p.1
1852:OCLC 194887
1823:Cambridge:
1749:Cambridge:
1722:Cambridge:
1696:Kōmei-tennō
1513:Asako Kujō
1428:Bojo Nobuko
1346:Imaki Naoko
1232:Bojo Nobuko
1080:(1865–1868)
1072:(1864–1865)
1064:(1861–1864)
1056:(1860–1861)
1048:(1854–1860)
1040:(1848–1854)
1032:(1844–1848)
951:, 1863–1866
931:, 1862–1863
921:, 1856–1862
911:, 1823–1856
834:Go-Momozono
822:Sakuramachi
814:Higashiyama
727:the killing
654:Netherlands
538:Black Ships
374:final years
89:Predecessor
3533:Categories
3323:Nakamikado
3293:Go-Mizunoo
3195:Go-Komatsu
3151:Go-Komatsu
3082:Go-Fushimi
2194:Keene 2002
1923:孝明天皇 (121)
1902:References
1864:OCLC 36644
1844:. (1959).
1708:References
1581:Kujō Asako
1479:Second Son
1464:Kujō Asako
1208:Concubines
1155:Asako Kujō
898:included:
818:Nakamikado
652:, and the
431:Early life
401:re-opening
378:Edo period
235:Asako Kujō
169:1831-07-22
3385:1868–1947
3281:1603–1868
3247:1573–1603
3173:1333–1573
3165:Muromachi
3119:1333–1392
3020:1185–1333
2948:Shirakawa
2938:Go-Reizei
2933:Go-Suzaku
2928:Go-Ichijō
2416:Legendary
2278:, p. 334.
2265:, p. 125.
2239:, p. 335.
2226:, p. 423.
2093:, p. 324.
2080:, p. 178.
2067:, p. 502.
1974:11 August
1953:, p. 186.
1515:(Adopted)
1407:First Son
1085:Genealogy
970:Naidaijin
895:Daijō-kan
786:Sennyū-ji
702:sentiment
391:with the
344:Signature
99:Successor
3518:Category
3441:Naruhito
3333:Momozono
3303:Go-Kōmyō
3288:Go-Yōzei
3259:Go-Yōzei
3254:Ōgimachi
3225:Ōgimachi
3146:Go-En'yū
3141:Go-Kōgon
3097:Go-Daigo
3092:Hanazono
3067:Kameyama
3012:Kamakura
2988:Takakura
2953:Horikawa
2943:Go-Sanjō
2898:Murakami
2831:794–1185
2292:, p. 531
2252:, p. 17.
2145:(2004).
2102:Cullen,
2045:, p. 44.
1992:, p. 10.
1919:Kunaichō
1870:See also
1793:46731178
1771:(2002).
1743:(2002).
1716:(2003).
1396:Marriage
1364:Unknown
1361:Unknown
1358:Unknown
1338:Unknown
1310:Unknown
1250:Unknown
1131:Position
1005:era name
977:Dainagon
956:Sadaijin
826:Momozono
802:Go-Kōmyō
747:smallpox
670:Yokohama
658:Nagasaki
608:日米修好通商条約
559:Tokugawa
409:collapse
334:Religion
120:See list
3436:Akihito
3220:Go-Nara
3087:Go-Nijō
3077:Fushimi
3057:Go-Saga
3037:Juntoku
3027:Go-Toba
2998:Go-Toba
2863:Montoku
2799:Shōtoku
2767:710–794
2701:Kōgyoku
2676:Bidatsu
2664:539–710
2627:Buretsu
2607:Yūryaku
2582:Nintoku
2570:269–539
2213:p. 324.
2104:pp. 173
2023:Fushimi
2019:Go-Toba
1510:(Birth)
999:blossom
963:Udaijin
945:Kampaku
935:Kampaku
925:Kampaku
915:Kampaku
904:Kampaku
662:Niigata
552:和宮親子内親王
542:Sengoku
491:of the
459:Osahito
411:of the
376:of the
358:Osahito
225:, Kyoto
111:Shōguns
3482:Regent
3474:
3397:Taishō
3348:Kōkaku
3313:Reigen
3308:Go-Sai
3298:Meishō
3185:Chōkei
3072:Go-Uda
3042:Chūkyō
2993:Antoku
2983:Rokujō
2963:Sutoku
2918:Ichijō
2903:Reizei
2893:Suzaku
2858:Ninmyō
2843:Heizei
2794:Junnin
2779:Genshō
2774:Genmei
2741:Genmei
2711:Saimei
2706:Kōtoku
2686:Sushun
2671:Kinmei
2632:Keitai
2622:Ninken
2612:Seinei
2592:Hanzei
2553:Yamato
2513:Suinin
2444:Suizei
2321:
2159:
2021:, and
1831:
1809:
1791:
1781:
1757:
1730:
1399:Issue
1393:Mother
1381:Status
1227:Issue
1224:Father
1167:later
1146:Issue
1143:Father
1124:Spouse
1061:Bunkyū
1053:Man'en
941:, 1863
838:Kōkaku
810:Reigen
806:Go-Sai
798:Meishō
779:後月輪東山陵
646:France
642:Russia
563:shōgun
524:, and
457:) was
338:Shinto
324:Mother
314:Father
231:Spouse
220:後月輪東山陵
203:Burial
160:煕宮統仁親王
58:, 1902
3431:Shōwa
3416:Japan
3402:Shōwa
3392:Meiji
3363:Meiji
3358:Kōmei
3353:Ninkō
3200:Shōkō
3131:Kōmyō
3126:Kōgon
3052:Shijō
2968:Konoe
2923:Sanjō
2913:Kazan
2908:En'yū
2888:Daigo
2873:Yōzei
2868:Seiwa
2853:Junna
2838:Kanmu
2823:Heian
2809:Kanmu
2804:Kōnin
2789:Kōken
2784:Shōmu
2736:Monmu
2726:Tenmu
2721:Kōbun
2716:Tenji
2696:Jomei
2691:Suiko
2681:Yōmei
2656:Asuka
2642:Senka
2637:Ankan
2617:Kenzō
2597:Ingyō
2587:Richū
2562:Kofun
2534:Jingū
2528:Chūai
2523:Seimu
2518:Keikō
2508:Sujin
2503:Kaika
2498:Kōgen
2493:Kōrei
2478:Yayoi
2459:Kōshō
2454:Itoku
2449:Annei
2439:Jimmu
2424:Jōmon
2323:Died:
2316:Born:
2106:-185.
2031:sokui
2027:senso
2025:have
2015:Yōzei
2003:senso
1664:Notes
1450:順子内親王
1390:Death
1387:Birth
1374:Issue
1367:None
1341:None
1221:Death
1218:Birth
1175:英照皇太后
1151:Nyōgo
1140:Death
1137:Birth
1111:英照皇太后
1069:Genji
1045:Ansei
1021:nengō
1009:nengō
886:Meiji
872:Kugyō
866:Kugyō
849:Eishō
842:Ninkō
499:Reign
489:Dairi
454:imina
421:reign
385:Japan
303:House
282:shigō
242:Issue
176:Kyoto
103:Meiji
93:Ninkō
71:Reign
3480:and
3136:Sukō
2978:Nijō
2958:Toba
2878:Kōkō
2848:Saga
2759:Nara
2731:Jitō
2602:Ankō
2577:Ōjin
2464:Kōan
2407:list
2157:ISBN
2029:and
2011:Jitō
1976:2007
1829:ISBN
1807:ISBN
1789:OCLC
1779:ISBN
1755:ISBN
1728:ISBN
1691:孝明天皇
1648:1862
1645:1861
1613:1861
1610:1859
1578:1859
1575:1858
1503:1912
1500:1852
1489:睦仁親王
1460:1852
1457:1850
1425:1850
1422:1849
1415:妙香華院
1384:Name
1351:今城尚子
1335:1901
1332:1828
1325:今城重子
1307:1910
1304:1837
1297:堀河紀子
1275:1907
1272:1836
1265:中山慶子
1247:1850
1244:1830
1237:坊城伸子
1215:Name
1185:1897
1182:1835
1161:九条夙子
1134:Name
1098:九条夙子
1077:Keiō
1037:Kaei
1029:Kōka
840:and
767:kami
668:and
666:Kobe
439:The
290:孝明天皇
186:Died
152:Born
40:孝明天皇
3273:Edo
2883:Uda
2039:see
1969:PBS
1921:):
1603:寿万宮
1568:富貴宮
1116:by
788:in
690:Joi
593:Edo
387:'s
3535::
3470:AD
3466:CE
2163:;
2155:.
2037:–
2017:,
2013:,
1967:.
1835:;
1827:.
1813:;
1787:.
1761:;
1753:.
1734:;
1726:.
1679:統仁
1657:—
1638:理宮
1628:04
1622:—
1593:03
1587:—
1558:02
1477:02
1471:—
1440:01
1434:—
1405:01
1287:)
1201:)
1120:.
947:,
937:,
927:,
917:,
907:,
879:公卿
844:.
836:,
832:,
828:,
824:,
820:,
816:,
812:,
808:,
804:,
800:,
796::
762:.
697:攘夷
664:,
660:,
648:,
644:,
611:,
520:,
516:,
495:.
478:煕宮
465:統仁
427:.
380:.
178:,
2409:)
2405:(
2387:e
2380:t
2373:v
2294:;
1978:.
1917:(
1795:.
1699:)
1693:(
1654:—
1641:)
1635:(
1619:—
1606:)
1600:(
1584:—
1571:)
1565:(
1492:)
1486:(
1468:—
1453:)
1447:(
1431:—
1418:)
1412:(
1354:)
1348:(
1328:)
1322:(
1300:)
1294:(
1268:)
1262:(
1240:)
1234:(
1178:)
1172:(
1164:)
1158:(
1114:)
1108:(
1101:)
1095:(
1007:(
882:)
876:(
782:)
776:(
721:"
694:(
619:)
605:(
555:)
549:(
481:)
475:(
468:)
462:(
293:)
285::
259:)
255:(
223:)
217:(
171:)
167:(
163:)
157:(
20:)
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