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31:
94:
45:
69:
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larvae have a broad range in diet, so they can live in many different habitats. The larvae are able to eat relatively large prey items, but the prey are typically less mobile and therefore easier to catch. The males in the colony show a higher mobility level compared to other species. There has also
427:
and heteromorph. Andromorphic females resemble the cerulean blue males, but they have more black patterning on their bodies. The heteromorphic females are more of a brown or green brown color and do not resemble the males at all. The reasoning behind the different morphs is to attempt to limit the
529:
During mating, the male clasps the female by her neck while she bends her body around to his reproductive organs – this is called a mating wheel. The pair flies together over the water and eggs are laid within a suitable plant, just below the surface. The eggs hatch and the larvae, called nymphs,
395:
The larvae prefer a habitat that has a more complex structure in the ground composition as well as the plants. The larval stages spend most of their time within the plants, climbing and feeding. Although they do prefer a more complex habitat, they can also be found in habitats with simpler
507:. The more north these damselflies are found, the more likely they are to be semivoltine. By being able to shift the lifecycle due to the conditions this allows for twice the amount of development time, so larger adults are typically found in more northern areas.
745:
399:
These larvae are able to live in a dense population in shallow areas of water without showing signs of competition between the larvae. The damselfly larvae require a plant structure that can withstand the backward movement that occurs when the
494:
The lifecycle of this species begins in freshwater, they spend most of their time as larvae. The larval stage depends on the temperature, light, and the resource level. Once the temperatures drop the larvae can go into a state called
748:
752:
751:
747:
746:
753:
441:, the common blue damselfly has more blue than black; for the azure damselfly it is the other way around. The second segment of the thorax has a distinctive spot with a line below connecting to the third segment.
632:
with the effects being worse the longer the organism is exposed. The exposure to the larvae has effects on the adult life stage in regard to their fitness
Behaviour is lessened by the introduction of pesticides.
771:
692:
750:
704:
718:
949:
Bots, Jessica; De Bruyn, Luc; Snijkers, Tom; Van Den
Branden, Bert; Van Gossum, Hans (2010). "Exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) adversely affects the life-cycle of the damselfly
499:
instead of dying. The damselflies that endure diapause effect the body size for the next season. Since these damselflies are flexible, they have two different lifecycles depending on latitude
1387:
Gossum, Hans Van; Bruyn, Luc De; Stoks, Robby; Adriaens, Tim; Dumont, Henri; Bots, Jessica (2007). "Seasonal and diurnal variation in the proportions of female morphs of the damselfly
444:
Another difference can be observed when inspecting the side of the thorax. The common blue damselfly has only one small black stripe there, while all other blue damselflies have two.
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as adults between May and August they have a brief time to feed before they are to find a mate and reproduce the next generation of larvae. Once emerged, there is an estimated
680:
321:
was at one time considered to be synonymous with it. The species can reach a length of 32 to 35 mm (1.3 to 1.4 in). It is common in many different countries including
1985:
1849:
563:, although this occurs when there is same species mates are unable to be located. This damselfly requires a close look for a beginner to distinguish them from an
644:
1901:
776:
1955:
732:
749:
1102:
Van Gossum, Hans; Bots, Jessica; Snijkers, Tom; Meyer, Johan; Van
Wassenbergh, Sam; De Coen, Wim; De Bruyn, Luc (2009). "Behaviour of damselfly larvae (
1823:
1862:
668:
521:
1475:
1448:
567:. Typically, they fly low through the reeds and often fly well out over the water, unlike azure damselflies. They are also a brighter blue.
469:
457:
1224:"Synergistic effects between pesticide stress and predator cues: Conflicting results from life history and physiology in the damselfly
1970:
1784:
481:
1980:
772:
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live in the water and feed on small aquatic animals. Nymphs climb out of the water up a suitable stem to molt into damselflies.
1965:
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vegetation. They are efficient in both complexities equally, but the complex vegetation also serves as protection from fish.
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1888:
1732:
820:
1802:
380:. They have been considered one of the more sensitive insects in an aquatic setting. They are important within the
93:
1906:
1815:
1700:
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1714:
1975:
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and by being added directly. Being exposed to pesticides made these organisms less likely to be successful in
1960:
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have a large impact on this species due to its sensitivity. These pesticides are introduced to the water by
1662:
1162:"Exposure to a widespread non-pathogenic bacterium magnifies sublethal pesticide effects in the damselfly
1737:
813:
593:
it is one of the largest mitogenomes to be sequenced thus far. The composition of the sequence is 74.2%
547:
198:
1040:
Callahan, Melissa S.; McPeek, Mark A. (2016). "Multi-locus phylogeny and divergence time estimates of
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1235:
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1115:
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962:
904:
864:
761:
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Zhang, Li; Wang, Xiao-Tong; Wen, Chun-Li; Wang, Meng-Yao; Yang, Xing-Zhuo; Yuan, Ming-Long (2017).
58:
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88:
30:
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of 1:1 within the colony, allows for mating within the colony to be less of a competition.
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color with black markings, while the females have a larger variation in their coloring.
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Koperski, Paweł (1997). "Changes in feeding behaviour of the larvae of the damselfly
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amount of attention the female receives when she is near the water for reproduction.
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Strongly Depend upon
Temperature and Food Level and Can Bridge Metamorphosis"
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The common blue damselfly can be easily mistaken for the azure damselfly (
1679:
602:
496:
413:
370:
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1724:
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1290:(Odonata: Coenagrionidae) for habitats of varying structural complexity"
1919:
1828:
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520:
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Johansson, Frank (2003). "Latitudinal shifts in body size of
369:
bodies whose conditions range, they have been seen in acidic
392:
and they are preyed on by fish and larvae bigger than them.
1435:
Damselflies of
Alberta: Flying Neon Toothpicks in the Grass
1284:
Verdonschot, Ralf C. M.; Peeters, Edwin T. H. M. (2013).
1166:: From the suborganismal level to fitness-related traits"
1015:"Some aspects of the population ecology of the damselfly
650:
Distinctive marking at base of abdomen of male segment S2
1106:) (Insecta, Odonata) after long-term exposure to PFOS".
583:
for this species. The circular DNA sequence is 16,661
609:. This knowledge assists with the placement within a
1497:(Odonata: Coenagrionidae) and phylogenetic analysis"
1669:
1548:"Fitness Effects of Chlorpyrifos in the Damselfly
1432:
865:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T173805983A785848.en
349:are an important link between the health of the
307:40°N and 72°N; It is widely distributed in the
1470:. Princeton University Press. pp. 10–32.
525:Female initiating mating (heterochrome female)
8:
1657:
1019:(Charpentier) (Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae)"
67:
43:
29:
20:
1593:
1575:
1522:
1512:
1305:
863:
419:Within females there are a few different
1546:Stoks, Robby; Janssens, Lizanne (2013).
1426:
1424:
1422:
1336:in response to stimuli from predators".
1222:Janssens, Lizanne; Stoks, Robby (2013).
1160:Janssens, Lizanne; Stoks, Robby (2013).
1044:damselflies (Odonata: Coenagrionidae)".
1467:Dragonflies and Damselflies of the East
832:
640:
1986:Taxa named by Toussaint de Charpentier
1493:"The complete mitochondrial genome of
237:Stephens, 1835 (nec Charpentier, 1825)
1327:
1325:
1046:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
7:
1816:8bf204a4-05cb-4809-bd3f-11dcff2394db
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303:) is a species found mainly between
1956:IUCN Red List least concern species
851:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
698:Heterochrome female (green variety)
1439:. University of Alberta. pp.
14:
1358:10.1046/j.1365-2311.1997.00058.x
917:10.1046/j.1365-2699.2003.00796.x
817:, a similar Australian damselfly
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743:
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691:
679:
667:
655:
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480:
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412:The males of this species are a
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1294:European Journal of Entomology
662:Adult male, dark variant of S2
1:
1514:10.1080/23802359.2017.1375879
1248:10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.02.003
1577:10.1371/journal.pone.0068107
1190:10.1016/j.envpol.2013.02.016
1128:10.1016/j.envpol.2008.11.031
975:10.1016/j.envpol.2009.09.016
384:as they are an intermediate
1066:10.1016/j.ympev.2015.08.013
821:List of British dragonflies
809:, a similar looking species
437:), but on the back and the
2002:
1405:10.1163/157075607780377947
365:These damselflies inhabit
1971:Insects described in 1840
1626:British Dragonfly Society
1286:"Preference of larvae of
404:protracts to catch food.
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223:
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89:Scientific classification
87:
65:
56:
51:
42:
37:
28:
23:
1981:Odonata of North America
1501:Mitochondrial DNA Part B
1464:Paulson, Dennis (2011).
840:Clausnitzer, V. (2020).
423:in which they can take,
339:United States of America
1622:"Common Blue Damselfly"
1170:Environmental Pollution
1108:Environmental Pollution
955:Environmental Pollution
897:Journal of Biogeography
858:: e.T173805983A785848.
587:long. Within the order
388:. They consume smaller
526:
274:Enallagma continentale
24:Common blue damselfly
1966:Damselflies of Europe
1715:enallagma-cyathigerum
1701:Enallagma cyathigerum
1671:Enallagma cyathigerum
1640:Bugguide.net page on
1550:Enallagma cyathigerum
1495:Enallagma cyathigerum
1389:Enallagma cyathigerum
1338:Ecological Entomology
1334:Enallagma cyathigerum
1307:10.14411/eje.2012.030
1288:Enallagma cyathigerum
1226:Enallagma cyathigerum
1164:Enallagma cyathigerum
1104:Enallagma cyathigerum
1017:Enallagma cyathigerum
951:Enallagma cyathigerum
893:Enallagma cyathigerum
844:Enallagma cyathigerum
814:Ischnura heterosticta
786:Common blue damselfly
712:(heterochrome female)
557:which are similar to
524:
293:common blue damselfly
288:Enallagma cyathigerum
208:Enallagma cyathigerum
1811:Fauna Europaea (new)
1431:Acorn, John (2004).
1013:Parr, M. J. (1976).
762:Marsilea quadrifolia
353:and its response to
16:Species of damselfly
1568:2013PLoSO...868107J
1350:1997EcoEn..22..167K
1240:2013AqTox.132...92J
1182:2013EPoll.177..143J
1120:2009EPoll.157.1332V
1058:2016MolPE..94..182C
967:2010EPoll.158..901B
909:2003JBiog..30...29J
726:(homochrome female)
686:Heterochrome female
545:been pairings with
250:Agrion charpentieri
190:E. cyathigerum
59:Conservation status
52:Young adult female
1234:. 132–133: 92–99.
1232:Aquatic Toxicology
527:
266:Enallagma robustum
1943:
1942:
1928:Open Tree of Life
1663:Taxon identifiers
1649:Youtube video of
1477:978-1-4008-3966-7
1450:978-0-88864-419-0
1052:(Pt A): 182–195.
780:
754:
611:phylogenetic tree
554:Coenagrion puella
434:Coenagrion puella
351:aquatic ecosystem
318:Enallagma annexum
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38:Young adult male
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1114:(4): 1332–1336.
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510:Once the larvae
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1915:Observation.org
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807:Azure damselfly
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759:Oviposition on
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1961:Coenagrionidae
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1798:Fauna Europaea
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1651:E. cyathigerum
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1615:External links
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1507:(2): 640–641.
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1399:(2): 217–230.
1393:Animal Biology
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355:climate change
301:northern bluet
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277:Belyshev, 1956
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1023:Odonatologica
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630:metamorphosis
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617:Human impacts
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475:Immature male
471:
463:Newly emerged
459:
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414:cerulean blue
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95:
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74:Least Concern
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60:
55:
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46:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
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1629:. Retrieved
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1026:
1022:
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954:
950:
903:(1): 29–34.
900:
896:
895:(Odonata)".
892:
869:. Retrieved
855:
849:
843:
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812:
785:
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541:Coenagrionid
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432:
430:
418:
411:
398:
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364:
316:
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297:common bluet
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233:
207:
205:
189:
188:
176:
18:
1837:iNaturalist
1695:Wikispecies
1644:damselflies
1176:: 143–149.
505:semivoltine
373:as well as
347:Damselflies
343:South Korea
269:Selys, 1875
261:Hagen, 1861
253:Selys, 1840
245:Hagen, 1840
216:Charpentier
1950:Categories
871:23 January
827:References
674:Adult male
622:Pesticides
601:and 25.8%
585:base pairs
577:mitogenome
571:Mitogenome
501:univoltine
487:Adult male
448:Lifecycles
425:andromorph
367:freshwater
311:, and the
309:Palearctic
152:Suborder:
126:Arthropoda
1881:173805983
1642:Enallagma
1631:16 August
1586:1932-6203
1413:1570-7555
1366:1365-2311
1316:1802-8829
1256:0166-445X
1198:0269-7491
1136:0269-7491
1074:1055-7903
1042:Enallagma
983:0269-7491
925:1365-2699
792:, family
790:Enallagma
724:In tandem
710:In tandem
581:sequenced
560:Enallagma
534:Behaviour
516:sex ratio
375:eutrophic
305:latitudes
184:Species:
177:Enallagma
156:Zygoptera
112:Kingdom:
106:Eukaryota
1855:10348127
1722:BioLib:
1680:Wikidata
1604:23840819
1556:PLOS ONE
1533:33473930
1374:83909965
1264:23474318
1206:23500051
1144:19110351
1082:26318206
1029:: 45–57.
991:19811863
801:See also
788:, genus
603:cytosine
497:diapause
386:predator
315:species
313:Nearctic
225:Synonyms
162:Family:
122:Phylum:
116:Animalia
102:Domain:
79:IUCN 3.1
1829:5051273
1764:2764456
1686:Q608908
1595:3694015
1564:Bibcode
1524:7800175
1346:Bibcode
1236:Bibcode
1178:Bibcode
1116:Bibcode
1054:Bibcode
963:Bibcode
905:Bibcode
637:Gallery
607:guanine
599:thymine
595:adenine
590:Odonata
361:Habitat
335:Finland
218:, 1840)
172:Genus:
146:Odonata
142:Order:
136:Insecta
132:Class:
77: (
1933:116276
1868:102124
1803:214276
1790:241249
1777:ENALCY
1738:173355
1710:ARKive
1602:
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989:
981:
923:
738:Mating
626:runoff
512:emerge
439:thorax
421:morphs
402:labium
390:larvae
341:, and
337:, the
331:Norway
327:Sweden
323:Russia
1907:79468
1850:IRMNG
1842:99901
1785:EUNIS
1751:39M5B
1443:–15.
1370:S2CID
378:ponds
299:, or
1902:NCBI
1876:IUCN
1863:ITIS
1824:GBIF
1772:EPPO
1733:BOLD
1725:1602
1633:2010
1600:PMID
1582:ISSN
1529:PMID
1472:ISBN
1445:ISBN
1409:ISSN
1362:ISSN
1312:ISSN
1260:PMID
1252:ISSN
1202:PMID
1194:ISSN
1140:PMID
1132:ISSN
1078:PMID
1070:ISSN
987:PMID
979:ISSN
921:ISSN
873:2024
856:2020
605:and
597:and
579:was
575:The
551:and
538:All
371:fens
1920:590
1889:NBN
1759:EoL
1746:CoL
1590:PMC
1572:doi
1519:PMC
1509:doi
1401:doi
1391:".
1354:doi
1302:doi
1298:109
1244:doi
1186:doi
1174:177
1124:doi
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971:doi
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860:doi
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