33:
55:
256:, is that the entrance of their burrows typically has a ‘chimney’ structure constructed out of balls of mud. The structure can be only a few mud balls or can be as big as 40 cm in height, although this behaviour is seen in the entire genus, it is unknown why the burrowing crayfish do this. Additionally, during hot periods, the crayfish will plug the chimney, potentially to retain as much moisture as possible in their tunnelling systems.
240:
are three different types of burrowing systems with different mechanisms to stay wet. A type 1 burrow is a burrow which is directly connected to a stream or lake, a type 2 burrow is a burrow which extends down to connect with the water table (extending further down in summer and may rise again during winter) and type 3 is a burrowing system which relies heavily on run off. The type 3 burrowing system is characteristic of the
265:
219:
a narrow body (which can grow up to 10 cm long) and claws that open vertically allowing for enlarged claws in a confined space. This feature, the vertically opening claws, is distinctive of the
Tasmanian species and will not be observed in the two species shared between Victoria and Tasmania. The burrowing crayfish can range in colour from orange, reddish-brown, grey-blue or purple.
280:
creating a distribution pattern similar to a puzzle. However, it is not common for the distribution of the species in this genus to overlap, though it does occur in rare circumstances. Doran (2000) states that there are four species of conservation concern due to a decrease in their distribution, these species include
239:
Although burrowing crayfish do not typically live in open water, they still possess gills underneath their carapace (the hardened section of the dorsal exoskeleton observed in arthropods) concluding that the burrowing crayfish is still dependent on an aquatic environment to respire. Therefore, there
218:
The burrowing crayfish spend their entire life cycle underground in tunnel systems, only coming to the surface during wet, overcast conditions and during the night. As the burrowing crayfish has evolved from a free-swimming organism to a terrestrial organism, many of the species have a reduced tail,
209:
genus is a highly specialized form of freshwater crayfish which is capable of living in tunnel systems in peaty, muddy or wetland environments with the burrows extending down to the water table (an underground level which defines the transition between water saturated ground and non-saturated ground
342:
All of these activities impact on the quality of water, vegetation and soil quality and therefore create undesirable environments for the burrowing crayfish to inhabit. It is important to note that these activities are detrimental to the genus long term, they are significantly more damaging during
279:
is typically found in the north and west of
Tasmania but can also be observed occurring in the north-east. This genus has geographical territories that differ in size with some species having extensive areas of distribution while others only have very limited areas. Most species border each other,
226:
genus takes place between spring and summer. During this period, females can be observed carrying large, orange coloured eggs or hatchlings under her tail which folds over to form a pocket structure for protection. The majority of the species in this genus consume rotting wood,
244:
genus, classifying them as the most terrestrial genus of all the burrowing crayfish. The burrowing crayfish typically occupy environments which are wet, muddy or peaty environments such as wetlands, swamps, floodplains of small streams, sedge-land or in rainforests. As the
922:
331:
Forestry activities such as the creation of plantations through the clearing and burning of natural vegetation, which causes significant disturbance to streamways or natural seepages that may be occupying burrowing
799:
328:
Agricultural processes including grazing of livestock which results in compacted or disturbed soil, construction of dams, clearance of native vegetation and ploughing.
1120:
1146:
338:
Introduction of invasive species which may lead to competition for food and habitat, predation or the introduction of parasites that were not there previously.
1205:
205:
are primarily found in
Tasmania with 13 out of 15 species being endemic to the state with the other two species located in Victoria as well as Tasmania. The
1094:
1133:
814:
826:
32:
1172:
996:
343:
periods where the burrowing crayfish are vulnerable such as during moulting, breeding, on the surface or caring for offspring.
1138:
785:
1068:
1055:
794:
335:
Urban developments including the creation of roads and drain ways, pollution of waterways and the removal of habitat.
198:. The behaviour of these crayfish is notable as they live in burrows and construct large "chimneys" at the opening.
1210:
143:
1151:
249:
genus dispersal using water ways is limited due to their terrestrial nature, local speciation rates may be high.
54:
865:
651:
886:
671:
1023:
761:
741:
611:
601:
519:
41:
721:
701:
1200:
711:
447:
417:
1073:
731:
830:
691:
1177:
923:"Tasmania's Freshwater Burrowing Crayfish | Department of Natural Resources and Environment Tasmania"
751:
661:
641:
582:
499:
478:
376:
681:
631:
160:
621:
571:
530:
406:
967:
540:
511:
488:
470:
436:
425:
49:
1159:
1125:
1081:
852:
560:
458:
1164:
895:
386:
552:
366:
396:
358:
880:
Horwitz, P. (1990). "A taxonomic revision of species in the freshwater crayfish genus
1194:
593:
351:
264:
1086:
152:
126:
96:
231:, root material and animal matter such as grubs and worms if they encounter them.
1107:
116:
1060:
1046:
228:
183:
86:
66:
324:- the Furneaux burrowing crayfish, due to their threatened status include:
1040:
191:
179:
106:
1099:
899:
1112:
856:
76:
1017:
1021:
997:"Australian endangered species: Tasmanian burrowing crayfish"
210:
such as the surface) where the water is generally constant.
800:
Department of the
Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts
975:
Department of
Primary Industries, Water and Environment
1030:
968:"Burrowing Crayfish Group Recovery Plan 2001-2005"
190:. Fifteen of the 35 species in the genus occur in
8:
1018:
31:
20:
813:James W. Fetzner Jr. (11 February 2005).
263:
777:
252:A characteristic feature of the genus,
316:- the Scottsdale burrowing crayfish,
312:- the Mt. Arthur burrowing crayfish,
288:(the Scottsdale burrowing crayfish),
284:(the Mt. Arthur burrowing crayfish),
201:The burrowing crayfish, in the genus
7:
961:
959:
957:
955:
953:
951:
949:
947:
945:
943:
917:
915:
913:
911:
909:
884:Erichson (Decapoda: Parastacidae)".
320:- the Burnie burrowing crayfish and
292:(the Burnie burrowing crayfish) and
1206:Freshwater crustaceans of Australia
827:Carnegie Museum of Natural History
432:– central north burrowing crayfish
296:(the Furneaux burrowing crayfish)
14:
578:– Mount Arthur burrowing crayfish
567:– lilly pilly burrowing crayfish
53:
526:– Strzelecki burrowing crayfish
454:– Scottsdale burrowing crayfish
443:– Mallacoota burrowing crayfish
194:, where they are known as the
1:
506:– Narracan burrowing crayfish
495:– Furneaux burrowing crayfish
465:– Warragul burrowing crayfish
795:Australian Faunal Directory
547:– Burnie burrowing crayfish
350:have been assessed for the
1227:
656:Smith & Schuster, 1913
646:Smith & Schuster, 1913
587:Smith & Schuster, 1913
504:Smith & Schuster, 1913
371:Smith & Schuster, 1913
346:All of the 35 species of
196:Tasmanian land crayfishes
178:is a genus of freshwater
158:
151:
50:Scientific classification
48:
39:
30:
23:
866:Tree of Life Web Project
995:Richardson, Alastair.
823:Crayfish Taxon Browser
652:Engaeus hemicirratulus
520:Engaeus rostrogaleatus
272:
887:Invertebrate Taxonomy
672:Engaeus leptorhynchus
448:Engaeus spinicaudatus
418:Critically endangered
267:
833:on 27 September 2007
762:Engaeus tuberculatus
742:Engaeus strictifrons
612:Engaeus cunicularius
602:Engaeus cisternarius
583:Engaeus victoriensis
500:Engaeus phyllocercus
479:Engaeus disjuncticus
377:Engaeus curvisuturus
188:burrowing crayfishes
166:Erichson, 1846
42:Engaeus cunicularius
802:. 28 November 2008.
722:Engaeus quadrimanus
702:Engaeus merosetosus
572:Engaeus orramakunna
531:Engaeus urostrictus
407:Engaeus nulloporius
16:Genus of crayfishes
966:Doran, NE (2000).
712:Engaeus orientalis
541:Engaeus yabbimunna
512:Vulnerable species
489:Engaeus martigener
471:Endangered species
437:Engaeus mallacoota
426:Engaeus granulatus
308:genus, especially
273:
1211:Crustacean genera
1188:
1187:
1160:Open Tree of Life
1024:Taxon identifiers
900:10.1071/IT9900427
767:
757:
747:
737:
732:Engaeus sericatus
727:
717:
707:
697:
687:
677:
667:
657:
647:
637:
627:
617:
607:
588:
577:
566:
561:Engaeus australis
546:
536:
525:
505:
494:
484:
464:
459:Engaeus sternalis
453:
442:
431:
412:
402:
392:
382:
372:
222:Breeding for the
171:
170:
147:
1218:
1181:
1180:
1168:
1167:
1155:
1154:
1142:
1141:
1129:
1128:
1116:
1115:
1103:
1102:
1090:
1089:
1077:
1076:
1064:
1063:
1051:
1050:
1049:
1019:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1007:
1001:The Conversation
992:
986:
985:
983:
981:
972:
963:
938:
937:
935:
933:
919:
904:
903:
877:
871:
870:
849:
843:
842:
840:
838:
829:. Archived from
810:
804:
803:
782:
765:
755:
745:
735:
725:
715:
705:
695:
692:Engaeus mairener
685:
675:
665:
655:
645:
636:(Erichson, 1846)
635:
625:
616:(Erichson, 1846)
615:
605:
586:
575:
564:
544:
534:
523:
503:
492:
482:
462:
451:
440:
429:
410:
400:
390:
387:Engaeus karnanga
380:
370:
314:E. spinicaudatus
304:Threats for the
286:E. spinicaudatus
142:
58:
57:
35:
21:
1226:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1219:
1217:
1216:
1215:
1191:
1190:
1189:
1184:
1176:
1171:
1163:
1158:
1150:
1145:
1137:
1132:
1124:
1119:
1111:
1106:
1098:
1093:
1085:
1080:
1072:
1067:
1059:
1054:
1045:
1044:
1039:
1026:
1016:
1015:
1005:
1003:
994:
993:
989:
979:
977:
970:
965:
964:
941:
931:
929:
921:
920:
907:
879:
878:
874:
851:
850:
846:
836:
834:
819:Erichson, 1846"
812:
811:
807:
790:Erichson, 1846"
784:
783:
779:
774:
752:Engaeus tayatea
662:Engaeus lengana
642:Engaeus fultoni
553:Near threatened
367:Engaeus affinis
302:
262:
237:
216:
167:
164:
141:
52:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1224:
1222:
1214:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1193:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1182:
1169:
1156:
1143:
1130:
1117:
1104:
1091:
1078:
1065:
1052:
1036:
1034:
1028:
1027:
1022:
1014:
1013:
987:
939:
927:nre.tas.gov.au
905:
894:(3): 427–614.
872:
853:Keith Crandall
844:
805:
776:
775:
773:
770:
769:
768:
758:
748:
738:
728:
718:
708:
698:
688:
682:Engaeus lyelli
678:
668:
658:
648:
638:
632:Engaeus fossor
628:
618:
608:
590:
589:
579:
568:
549:
548:
537:
527:
508:
507:
496:
485:
467:
466:
455:
444:
433:
414:
413:
403:
397:Engaeus laevis
393:
383:
373:
359:Data deficient
340:
339:
336:
333:
329:
310:E. orramakunna
301:
298:
282:E. orramakunna
261:
258:
236:
233:
215:
212:
169:
168:
165:
161:Astacus fossor
156:
155:
149:
148:
134:
130:
129:
124:
120:
119:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
74:
70:
69:
64:
60:
59:
46:
45:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1223:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1196:
1179:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1057:
1053:
1048:
1042:
1038:
1037:
1035:
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1025:
1020:
1002:
998:
991:
988:
976:
969:
962:
960:
958:
956:
954:
952:
950:
948:
946:
944:
940:
928:
924:
918:
916:
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906:
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897:
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888:
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876:
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868:
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854:
848:
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832:
828:
824:
820:
818:
809:
806:
801:
797:
796:
791:
789:
781:
778:
771:
764:
763:
759:
756:Horwitz, 1990
754:
753:
749:
746:(Clark, 1936)
744:
743:
739:
734:
733:
729:
724:
723:
719:
714:
713:
709:
706:Horwitz, 1990
704:
703:
699:
696:Horwitz, 1990
694:
693:
689:
686:(Clark, 1936)
684:
683:
679:
674:
673:
669:
666:Horwitz, 1990
664:
663:
659:
654:
653:
649:
644:
643:
639:
634:
633:
629:
626:(Clark, 1936)
624:
623:
622:Engaeus cymus
619:
614:
613:
609:
604:
603:
599:
598:
597:
596:
595:
594:Least concern
585:
584:
580:
576:Horwitz, 1990
574:
573:
569:
563:
562:
558:
557:
556:
555:
554:
545:Horwitz, 1994
543:
542:
538:
533:
532:
528:
524:Horwitz, 1990
522:
521:
517:
516:
515:
514:
513:
502:
501:
497:
493:Horwitz, 1990
491:
490:
486:
483:Horwitz, 1990
481:
480:
476:
475:
474:
473:
472:
463:(Clark, 1936)
461:
460:
456:
452:Horwitz, 1990
450:
449:
445:
441:Horwitz, 1990
439:
438:
434:
430:Horwitz, 1990
428:
427:
423:
422:
421:
420:
419:
411:Horwitz, 1990
409:
408:
404:
401:(Clark, 1941)
399:
398:
394:
391:Horwitz, 1990
389:
388:
384:
381:Horwitz, 1990
379:
378:
374:
369:
368:
364:
363:
362:
361:
360:
355:
353:
352:IUCN Red List
349:
344:
337:
334:
330:
327:
326:
325:
323:
322:E. martigener
319:
318:E. yabbimunna
315:
311:
307:
299:
297:
295:
294:E. martigener
291:
290:E. yabbimunna
287:
283:
278:
275:The genus of
270:
266:
259:
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255:
250:
248:
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234:
232:
230:
225:
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213:
211:
208:
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65:
62:
61:
56:
51:
47:
44:
43:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
1201:Parastacidae
1031:
1004:. Retrieved
1000:
990:
978:. Retrieved
974:
930:. Retrieved
926:
891:
885:
881:
875:
864:
858:
847:
835:. Retrieved
831:the original
822:
816:
808:
793:
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271:distribution
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260:Distribution
253:
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200:
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187:
174:
173:
172:
159:
153:Type species
137:
136:
127:Parastacidae
97:Malacostraca
40:
24:
18:
1108:iNaturalist
766:Clark, 1936
736:Clark, 1936
726:Clark, 1936
716:Clark, 1941
676:Clark, 1936
606:Suter, 1977
214:Description
117:Pleocyemata
1195:Categories
772:References
565:Riek, 1969
535:Riek, 1969
113:Suborder:
87:Arthropoda
837:21 August
332:crayfish.
184:Australia
182:found in
73:Kingdom:
67:Eukaryota
1047:Q2214377
1041:Wikidata
1006:13 March
932:13 March
855:(1999).
229:detritus
203:Engaeus,
192:Tasmania
180:crayfish
144:Erichson
123:Family:
107:Decapoda
83:Phylum:
77:Animalia
63:Domain:
1139:1133544
1126:1379115
1100:4648520
1061:Engaeus
1032:Engaeus
980:7 March
882:Engaeus
859:Engaeus
817:Engaeus
815:"Genus
788:Engaeus
786:"Genus
348:Engaeus
306:Engaeus
300:Threats
277:Engaeus
269:Engaeus
254:Engaeus
247:Engaeus
242:Engaeus
235:Habitat
224:Engaeus
207:Engaeus
175:Engaeus
138:Engaeus
133:Genus:
103:Order:
93:Class:
25:Engaeus
1178:885060
1165:548592
186:, the
146:, 1846
1173:WoRMS
1152:99756
1121:IRMNG
1113:88162
1087:7NYPY
971:(PDF)
1147:NCBI
1134:ITIS
1095:GBIF
1074:5589
1069:BOLD
1008:2022
982:2022
934:2022
839:2007
1082:CoL
1056:AFD
896:doi
1197::
1175::
1162::
1149::
1136::
1123::
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1097::
1084::
1071::
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1043::
999:.
973:.
942:^
925:.
908:^
890:.
863:.
825:.
821:.
798:.
792:.
354::
1010:.
984:.
936:.
902:.
898::
892:4
869:.
861:"
857:"
841:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
