895:
221:, a convent with a history of royal abbesses. Engelberga's control of San Salvatore is indicative of her power, as this monastery was typically owned by royal women and served as a power base for the royal family. Engelberga maintained control of San Salvatore following Louis' death in 875, which was unusual, because this meant the monastery was no longer controlled by a direct relative of the monarch. Engelberga also founded her own monastery,
1126:
338:
186:, in 855. Upon his death, Lothair's kingdom was divided between his three sons and, as the eldest, Louis received Italy and the title of emperor. Engelberga had far more political influence than was usual of a queen, partially due to Louis' love for her. Engelberga's active participation in politics was unusual, when queens were typically consigned to the domestic sphere.
210:
The bishops fled to Louis's court and pleaded their case, resulting in the
Emperor laying siege to the Holy See in January 864. Engelberga sent a communication to Nicholas, guaranteeing his safety if he were to come to court to negotiate with her husband. Their meeting resulted in an agreement whereby the bishops were allowed to return and the siege was ended.
201:
and
Archbishop John of Ravenna. Seen as insubordinate by the Pope, John was thrice summoned to appear before a papal tribunal. Instead, he took refuge in the imperial court at Pavia, where Engelberga attempted to intervene with Rome on his behalf. Though ultimately unsuccessful, the incident was
209:
sought to annul his marriage to
Teutberga, as she had failed to bear him any children. The local bishops had blessed the annulment and Lothair's subsequent remarriage, but in November 863, Pope Nicolas summoned the bishops to Rome and excommunicated them for their violation of ecclesiastical law.
228:
In
January 872, the aristocracy tried to have her removed, as she had not borne the emperor any sons, only having two daughters. The nobility attempted to replace Engelberga with the daughter of a local aristocrat, Winigisus. Louis ordered Engelberga to remain in the northern regions of his land
713:
La Rocca. C, ‘Angelberga, Louis’s II wife and her will (877)’, in
Corradini, et al, eds., Ego trouble: authors and their identities in the early Middle Ages (Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2010), pp.
726:
1581:
1076:
809:
229:
during this period, but
Engelberga disobeyed and joined Louis in the south, ending any potential rift between the couple. Instead, Louis opened negotiations with
182:. She married Louis II in 860, after being his concubine for roughly ten years, but did not play a role in political life until after the death of his father,
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1576:
1571:
1162:
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1011:
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1026:
971:
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In subsequent years
Engelberga was granted additional titles by her husband, due in large part to her diplomatic role. In 868, she became
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253:. He forced the latter to marry him in June 876, at the same time he was made Charles' governor in Italy with the title of
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795:
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1061:
839:
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1546:
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MacLean. S, ‘Queenship, Nunneries and Royal
Widowhood in Carolingian Europe’, Past & Present 178 (2003), pp. 3-38.
1500:
308:
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in 882, Engelberga was allowed to return to Italy. In 896, Engelberga became abbess of her own foundation of
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921:
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to his death on 12 August 875. As empress, she exerted a powerful influence over her husband.
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One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
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For the
Bosinid noblewoman Engelberga of Provence, Duchess of Aquitaine (877-917), see
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197:. A few years later, Engelberga began to exert her influence in a conflict between
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249:, a faithful of Charles, kidnapped Engelberga and her only surviving daughter,
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237:, to make him his heir. In order to sideline Engelberga, the nobility elected
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the beginning of
Engelberga's efforts to assert her influence as empress.
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561:. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. p. 222.
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325:. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. p. 222.
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Odegaard. C, ‘The Empress Engelberge’, Speculum 26 (1951), pp. 77-103.
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214:
643:
589:
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1140:
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525:"Queenship, Nunneries and Royal Widowhood in Carolingian Europe"
491:"Queenship, Nunneries and Royal Widowhood in Carolingian Europe"
457:"Queenship, Nunneries and Royal Widowhood in Carolingian Europe"
1144:
791:
685:
Early Medieval Italy: Central Power and Local Society 400-1000
255:
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on 15 October 879. Subsequently, Engelberga was banished to
189:
In 856, the imperial couple were hosted in Venice by Doge
167:
and a member of one of the most powerful families in the
178:
Born around 830, Engelberga probably spent her youth in
894:
692:
Women and Aristocratic Culture in the Carolingian World
443:
Women and Aristocratic Culture in the Carolingian World
902:
825:
309:"ENGELBERGA (Enghelberga, Angelberga), imperatrice"
133:
121:
109:
99:
89:
81:
73:
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61:
54:
39:
699:L'Italie méridionale et l'empire Byzantin: Livre I
262:With Engelberga's backing, Boso declared himself
559:Angelberga, Louis's II wife and her will (877)
323:Angelberga, Louis's II wife and her will (877)
1156:
1077:Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
803:
710:MacLean. S, Ottonian Queenship, Oxford, 2017.
8:
362:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
152:, died between 896 and 901) was the wife of
1582:Queens consort of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)
1163:
1149:
1141:
810:
796:
788:
745:
36:
303:
301:
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297:
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445:, (Cornell University Press, 2009), 118.
163:Engelberga was probably the daughter of
291:
431:. Oxford University Press. p. 13.
1302:Anna of Constantinople (900–905)
7:
725:Henry Gardiner Adams, ed. (1857). "
1102:Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily
25:
1577:Women from the Carolingian Empire
731:A Cyclopaedia of Female Biography
694:, Cornell University Press, 2009.
1125:
1124:
992:Margaret II, Countess of Hainaut
893:
701:. Burt Franklin: New York, 1904.
336:
34:Abbess of San Salvatore, Brescia
1311:Anna of Provence (915–924)
1087:Maria Theresa, Queen of Hungary
94:St. Emmeram's Abbey, Regensburg
1572:Burials at St. Emmeram's Abbey
1114:For Empresses after 1806, see
1072:Wilhelmine Amalie of Brunswick
957:Beatrice, Countess of Burgundy
282:, but died shortly afterward.
1:
1067:Eleonore Magdalene of Neuburg
65:5 October 851 - 12 August 875
1365:Berta di Luni (1002–14)
1360:Theophanu of Constantinople
1062:Claudia Felicitas of Austria
557:La Rocca, Christina (2010).
321:La Rocca, Christina (2010).
1047:Maria Leopoldine of Austria
982:Yolande, Queen of Jerusalem
917:Theophanu of Constantinople
245:, on Louis's death in 875.
1598:
1257:Cunigunda of Laon (?)
1254:Bertha of Gellone (?)
1120:the corresponding template
962:Constance, Queen of Sicily
860:Saint Richardis of Nordgau
727:Angelberga, or, Ingelberga
626:Odegaard, Charles (1951).
572:Odegaard, Charles (1951).
373:Odegaard, Charles (1951).
307:Bougard, François (1993).
26:
1221:Gundiberga (626–652)
1178:
1110:
1057:Margaret Theresa of Spain
891:
775:
765:
756:
748:
44:
1501:Joséphine de Beauharnais
1441:Isabella II of Jerusalem
1429:Beatrice of Hohenstaufen
1092:Maria Josepha of Bavaria
687:. MacMillan Press: 1981.
628:"The Empress Engelberge"
574:"The Empress Engelberge"
375:"The Empress Engelberge"
205:In 862, Louis's brother
1567:Frankish queens consort
1507:Marie Louise of Austria
1369:Cunigunde of Luxembourg
1224:Guntrude (712–744)
1200:Berthora (549–552)
1082:Maria Amalia of Austria
922:Cunigunde of Luxembourg
523:MacLean, Simon (2003).
489:MacLean, Simon (2003).
455:MacLean, Simon (2003).
427:MacLean, Simon (2017).
359:Encyclopædia Britannica
1477:Elizabeth of Pomerania
1465:Margaret II of Hainaut
1417:Beatrice I of Burgundy
1291:Ageltrude of Benevento
1002:Elizabeth of Pomerania
875:Anna of Constantinople
865:Ageltrude of Benevento
778:Queen consort of Italy
219:San Salvatore, Brescia
48:San Salvatore, Brescia
29:Engelberga of Provence
1525:Marie-José of Belgium
1243:Fastrada of Franconia
1227:Tassia (744–749)
1017:Bianca Maria of Milan
835:Ermengarde of Hesbaye
165:Adelchis I of Spoleto
138:Adelchis I of Spoleto
1562:Holy Roman Empresses
1495:Isabella of Portugal
1411:Richenza of Northeim
1273:Richilde of Provence
1116:Empresses of Austria
1022:Isabella of Portugal
952:Richenza of Northeim
855:Richilde of Provence
819:Holy Roman Empresses
235:King of East Francia
1557:Carolingian dynasty
1552:10th-century deaths
1519:Elena of Montenegro
1513:Margherita of Savoy
1489:Eleanor of Portugal
1459:Margaret of Brabant
1447:Isabella of England
1435:Constance of Aragon
1423:Constance of Sicily
1399:Constance of Sicily
1324:Marozia of Tusculum
1320:Alda (924–932)
1279:Richardis of Swabia
1267:Engelberga of Parma
1261:Ermengarde of Tours
1249:Luitgard of Sundgau
1042:Maria Anna of Spain
1012:Eleanor of Portugal
987:Isabella of England
977:Constance of Aragon
850:Engelberga of Parma
845:Ermengarde of Tours
759:Carolingian empress
752:Ermengarde of Tours
690:Valerie L. Garver,
441:Valerie L. Garver,
280:San Sisto, Piacenza
223:San Sisto, Piacenza
158:Carolingian empress
85:between 896 and 901
56:Carolingian Empress
18:Engelberga of Parma
1547:9th-century births
1405:Matilda of England
1306:Bertila of Spoleto
1285:Bertila of Spoleto
1052:Eleonora of Mantua
1037:Eleonora of Mantua
967:Beatrice of Swabia
947:Matilda of England
827:Carolingian Empire
529:Past & Present
495:Past & Present
461:Past & Present
429:Ottonian Queenship
195:Giovanni Tradonico
171:at that time, the
116:Ermengard of Italy
1534:
1533:
1515: (1878–1900)
1354:Adelaide of Italy
1336:Adelaide of Italy
1138:
1137:
1097:Ludovica of Spain
912:Adelaide of Italy
904:Holy Roman Empire
840:Judith of Bavaria
786:
785:
766:Succeeded by
143:
142:
104:Louis II of Italy
16:(Redirected from
1589:
1483:Barbara of Cilli
1471:Anna of Świdnica
1393:Eupraxia of Kiev
1375:Gisela of Swabia
1342:Willa of Tuscany
1330:Bertha of Swabia
1315:Bertha of Swabia
1165:
1158:
1151:
1142:
1128:
1127:
1007:Barbara of Cilli
997:Anna of Świdnica
972:Maria of Brabant
942:Eupraxia of Kiev
927:Gisela of Swabia
897:
896:
885:Anna of Provence
880:Bertila of Parma
812:
805:
798:
789:
769:Richilde of Metz
749:Preceded by
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683:Wickham, Chris.
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264:King of Provence
239:Charles the Bald
231:Louis the German
191:Pietro Tradonico
169:Kingdom of Italy
154:Emperor Louis II
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1497: (1530–39)
1491: (1452–67)
1485: (1431–37)
1479: (1363–78)
1473: (1355–62)
1467: (1327–47)
1449: (1235–41)
1443: (1225–28)
1437: (1212–22)
1425: (1191–97)
1419: (1156–84)
1413: (1128–37)
1407: (1114–25)
1401: (1095–98)
1395: (1089–93)
1389: (1080–87)
1387:Bertha of Savoy
1383: (1043–56)
1381:Agnes of Poitou
1377: (1026–39)
1371: (1004–24)
1362: (972–983)
1356: (951–973)
1350: (957–963)
1344: (950–953)
1338: (948–950)
1332: (937–948)
1326: (932–933)
1317: (922–926)
1308: (905–915)
1299: (896–899)
1297:Ota of Neustria
1293: (889–894)
1287: (888–889)
1281: (879–888)
1275: (875–877)
1269: (851–875)
1263: (821–851)
1251: (794–800)
1245: (784–794)
1239: (774–783)
1233: (756–774)
1218: (589–616)
1212: (567–573)
1197: (536–540)
1191: (526–534)
1185: (493–526)
1174:
1172:Queens of Italy
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937:Bertha of Savoy
932:Agnes of Poitou
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1541:Categories
1204:Chlothsind
1195:Matasuntha
739:Q115736525
678:References
665:20 October
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611:20 October
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542:20 October
508:20 October
474:20 October
412:20 October
354:Lothair I.
241:, king of
207:Lothair II
150:Angilberga
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1237:Hildegard
1183:Audofleda
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606:159717330
407:159717330
251:Ermengard
184:Lothair I
173:Supponids
156:and thus
128:Supponids
1348:Gerberga
1210:Rosamund
1130:Category
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395:JSTOR
286:Notes
180:Pavia
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111:Issue
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