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influenced by
Cheltenham's emphasis on public service, declaring that "if some Groton boys do not enter political life and do something for our land it won't be because they have not been urged." His public-minded approach, blue-blooded American lineage, and English manners were attractive to wealthy parents who were "privately disgusted with the bringing up of well-to-do American boys of that period." His students eventually included Theodore Roosevelt's four sons; Theodore's cousin, the future president Franklin D. Roosevelt; and
626:. Theologically, he was harder to classify: unlike many members of the Broad Church (traditionally considered a safe haven for liberals and progressives), his views could not be classified as straightforwardly liberal or conservative. Rather, he was theologically moderate and socially puritanical, leading his biographer to write that "heological perplexities and subtleties simply did not affect him ... He was just not interested in details of the
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To build up the congregation and raise money, Peabody visited up to 15 homes a day. It is said that he visited saloons to ask gamblers for donations and "would challenge locals to boxing matches on the condition that if he won, they had to come to church on Sunday," although
Peabody dismissed most of
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Groton School opened in 1884. Peabody fashioned the curriculum and lifestyle for boys from upper-class families, whom he wished to steer toward moral leadership, philanthropy, and contributions to the public good. Although
Peabody was ambivalent about his own time at boarding school, he was strongly
800:
Franklin
Roosevelt said of Peabody, "As long as I live his influence will mean more to me than that of any other people next to my father and mother"; he invited him to officiate at his wedding and to preach at his inauguration. In Roosevelt's fourth inaugural address, delivered two months after
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The school's marketing materials said that the school would "prepar boys for college," but also "cultivate manly, Christian character, having regard to moral and physical as well as intellectual development." Peabody had been a good athlete at
Cheltenham, and Groton was one of the first American
740:
writes that the idea of student merit and achievement that
Peabody cultivated at Groton—specifically, the elevation of character and physical accomplishments alongside academic excellence—forms the basis of the modern-day American college admissions system. Karabel argues that Harvard president
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schools to emphasize organized sports as part of the day-to-day curriculum. Peabody also believed that his (mostly) wealthy students required strict discipline. He refused to allow any student to receive more than 25 cents per week in allowance, authorized hazing (including "pumping," a form of
544:
After this rejection, Peabody decided to start his own school. He initially wanted to put the school in
Ipswich, where his forefathers had first landed in America, but eventually chose Groton, where his in-laws lived. Local landowners James and Prescott Lawrence donated the land for the school
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At Groton, Peabody was a respected but divisive figure. He tried to treat his students like family, but his emphasis on social conformity alienated many students who did not fit into the mold of a "Groton boy." He encouraged some of the latter students to withdraw from the school, although
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magazine, he encouraged the society to target the magazine, either "making it decent or driving it out of existence." According to one story, he "refused to let divorced people set foot on his school grounds as late as the 1930s." However, he was sympathetic to the
772:). In his telling, Chauncey (a former scholarship student at Groton) wanted to use scientific tests of intellectual capacity to find talented "diamond in the rough" students who had not had the benefit of a Groton education, but also hoped to complement the
447:
tendency in the
American Episcopal Church. Brooks believed that ETS taught its students to be "eager to train its men to think and reason," and "anxious to blend the most earnest piety with the most active intelligence." Peabody graduated from ETS in 1884.
545:
campus, provided that
Peabody build a school chapel that would serve both local Episcopalians and the school community. Peabody led Groton School from 1884 to 1940. During this entire time, the Groton School chapel served as the area's parish church.
463:; Parks gave him the idea of working at a prep school. (Peabody later repaid Parks by placing him on the Groton School board of trustees and inviting him to give the school's commencement address three times.) He was also heavily influenced by
490:
Though
Peabody felt unqualified, his stay in Tombstone proved that he could attract donors and manage a congregation, two traits he employed to great effect in his educational career. Within months, he raised $ 5,000 to build
414:), and remained there until Samuel Peabody's death in 1909. By contrast, Peabody returned to America. He disliked the law, so his mother's relatives gave him a job at their brokerage house, which he found equally uninspiring.
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789:'s mother flatly rejected the idea, replying that "I didn't send Dean here to have you make a 'Groton boy' out of him. I sent him here to be educated." Several of his nonconformist students, like Acheson,
615:, writing that "n these days of exceeding comfort, the boys need an opportunity to endure hardness and, it may be, suffering ... Football has in it the element which goes to make a soldier."
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harbored a lifelong ambivalence for Peabody, writing that "o my young eyes, and I imagine to most, he seemed to bestride the world like a colossus, but in retrospect I see him more as a
630:
or lower skepticism." Another writer said that Peabody "stressed social amelioration through Christian principles rather than strict adherence to the fine points of a particular creed."
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that "the only recipe for success is to be unhappy at Groton." Robert McCormick bitterly resented Peabody and his prize classmate Franklin Roosevelt; near the end of his life his
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agrees that Peabody prioritized leadership and character over "intellectual brilliance and artistic creativity," but primarily traces Peabody's influence through his students
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In 1885, Peabody married his first cousin, Fannie Peabody, daughter of Francis (Samuel's brother) and Helen (Bloodgood) Peabody. They had six children. His son
371:, a boarding school with a tradition of sending young British men to the military and colonial civil service. Although Peabody had initially wanted to attend
552:
for people living in Ayer. He recruited talented, ambitious young men for the vicarate. St. Andrew's provided the first practical ministerial experience for
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used extracurricular achievements and unquantifiable character assessments, which typically favored students at upper-class private schools like Groton, to
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Peabody was frequently homesick and left Tombstone on July 17, 1882, one month after St. Paul's opened and six months after he arrived in Tombstone.
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in 1926 in memory of his mentor Phillips Brooks, who died in 1893; he also chaired its board of trustees. He provided important early support to
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533:, his brother George's alma mater, which was looking for a new headmaster at the time. Founded in 1865, St. Mark's was one of America's first
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2007:
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332:
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movement, supported Theodore Roosevelt's efforts to curb the political influence of big business, and frequently invited his "good friend"
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1920:
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289:, and was one of the wealthiest men in the United States when he died in 1844. Through his paternal grandmother he was descended from
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1725:
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Peabody's death, he quoted Peabody's dictum that "the trend of civilization is forever upward." (Ironically, Peabody had voted for
572:, headmaster of St. Mark's School, among others. In 1950, the school's pastoral responsibilities were transferred to St. Andrew's.
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2458:
167:
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1889:
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Preparing for Power: America's Elite Boarding Schools, Basic Books, 1985, Peter W. Clarkson and Caroline Hodges Persell, pg. 43
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348:
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534:
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these stories as apocryphal. Regardless of the specifics, Peabody's outgoing manner won admirers among the locals, including
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192:
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for flippantly calling the school "the old Christ factory." To tie these two strands together, Peabody heavily emphasized
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After his first semester of classes, Peabody was invited to take charge of a fledgling Episcopal congregation in
406:
Peabody's parents moved to England in 1875 after his father accepted a partnership at the London banking firm of
764:(the Harvard dean who popularized the use of standardized testing in college admissions) and to a lesser extent
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2027:
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Peabody retired at the end of the 1939–40 school year and died in Groton on November 17, 1944. Upon his death,
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569:
440:
290:
495:. It opened on June 18, 1882, making it the oldest Protestant church building in Arizona. It was added to the
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894:
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of materialism that re-invaded the school with each new form of prosperous youngsters." A thirteen-year-old
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asked Peabody to put himself forward for the headmaster position. However, the trustees chose someone else.
517:
In 2007, to commemorate the church's 125th anniversary, Peabody was added to the liturgical calendar of the
428:
313:
255:
130:
840:
said, “You know he would be an awful bully if he wasn’t such a terrible Christian”; later in life, he told
618:
Like his mentor Phillips Brooks and his alma mater Episcopal Theological School, Peabody subscribed to the
2994:
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634:
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270:
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344:
263:
233:
147:
78:
2055:
Religion, Art, and Money: Episcopalians and American Culture from the Civil War to the Great Depression
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407:
1547:"Endicott Peabody: Religion Arrives in Helldorado (Excerpt from "In Old Arizona" by Marshall Trimble)"
3018:
3013:
411:
251:
60:
2225:
Banned in Boston: The Watch and Ward Society's Crusade against Books, Burlesque, and the Social Evil
854:
wrote—in 1945, a quarter-century after graduating—that he still had nightmares of Peabody's Groton.
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with other tests that could quantify virtues that Peabody prized, such as persistence and judgment.
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1512:"National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination Form - St. Paul's Episcopal Church"
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2003:
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engaged in the seemingly hopeless struggle of preserving some degree of spirituality from the
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The Peabodys were "one of the oldest Massachusetts families." Lt. Francis Peabody moved to
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Peabody served as Groton's headmaster from 1884 until 1940, in which capacity he educated
2918:
1949:
The Chosen: The Hidden History of Admission and Exclusion at Harvard, Yale, and Princeton
1410:
1971:
1110:"COL. S. E. PEABODY DEAD. Well Known Boston Banker Dies at His Residence in Salem, Mass"
814:
802:
761:
737:
592:
549:
452:
278:
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1487:"Historic church in Tombstone, Arizona – 'the town too tough to die' – gains new life"
899:. Vol. IX. Boston, Massachusetts: Massachusetts Biographical Society. p. 368
3007:
1952:
1461:
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790:
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604:
588:
581:
375:, his father approved of Cheltenham's headmaster and his mother disliked the city of
356:
352:
294:
274:
214:
210:
2946:
Raw Material: The Autobiographical Examination of an Artist's Journey Into Maturity
1925:
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1997:
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was still running headlines like "Blame Groton for Pro-British Attitude in U.S."
809:; however, he also publicly defended Roosevelt when Groton alumni criticized the
2672:"How Dean Acheson Won the Cold War: Statesmanship, Morality, and Foreign Policy"
2418:
725:
Several scholars have discussed Peabody's Groton, principally in the context of
400:
39:
622:
tendency within the Episcopal Church. With respect to ritual, he preferred the
300:
Due to his lineage, Peabody grew up extremely well-connected. His father was a
797:(who did in fact leave Groton), nonetheless went on to distinguished careers.
673:
magazine described him as "the most famed U.S. headmaster of his generation."
653:
623:
504:
376:
367:
In 1871, when Peabody was thirteen, his parents sent him to England to attend
258:
and Marianne Cabot Lee. He had three brothers and one sister: John, a banker;
242:
magazine described him as "the most famed U.S. headmaster of his generation."
2484:
2144:
2091:
1775:
1639:
561:
427:
Having tried out law and finance and lost interest in both, Peabody went to
749:
at Harvard while still maintaining the illusion of merit-based admissions.
681:
Peabody was an active part of the independent school community. He founded
708:
in 1918. He received honorary degrees from Harvard and Yale. In 1889, the
810:
2437:
2128:
1902:
1884:
514:
noted in his diary that day, "We will not easily fill Peabody's place."
833:
712:
board asked him to apply for the Columbia presidency, but he declined.
286:
1783:
1751:
637:, a notoriously censorious organization that gave rise to the phrase "
2974:
A Church for Helldorado: the 1882 Tombstone Diary of Endicott Peabody
548:
In 1889, Peabody founded St. Andrew's Episcopal Church to serve as a
388:
301:
1859:
Muscle and Manliness: The Rise of Sport in American Boarding Schools
689:
in the Philippines, lending it a faculty member and sending his son
1767:
2699:
The Colonel: The Life and Legend of Robert R. McCormick, 1880-1955
829:
660:), who donated the school chapel, and Gardner's (alleged) partner
392:
277:. Endicott's great-grandfather was Salem shipowner and privateer
664:, who later served as the lieutenant governor of Massachusetts.
471:
described as "partly a prophet of the old, partly of the new."
379:. Peabody graduated from Cheltenham in 1876. He studied law at
2811:
The Protestant Establishment: Aristocracy and Caste in America
2267:
Lincoln's Way: How Six Great Presidents Created American Power
2129:"A Neglected Source: The Episcopal Church Congress, 1874-1934"
1173:. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux. pp. 60, 82, 124.
773:
529:
After returning to Massachusetts, Peabody briefly preached at
1368:"Frederick W. Robertson in the Context of Victorian Religion"
817:
said that the two Americans he admired most were Peabody and
2894:
Wasps: The Splendors and Miseries of an American Aristocracy
2251:
The Big Test: The Secret History of the American Meritocracy
2919:"May 02, 1951, page 3 - Chicago Tribune at Chicago Tribune"
262:, a lawyer; Martha, who married into a prominent family in
2991:
2845:
Views from the Circle: Seventy-Five Years of Groton School
2534:"Member Directory | American Academy of Arts and Sciences"
2338:
Views from the Circle: Seventy-Five Years of Groton School
1808:
Views from the Circle: Seventy-Five Years of Groton School
507:, whose family donated the altar rail for the new church.
19:
For his grandson, the 62nd Governor of Massachusetts, see
2360:. Groton, Massachusetts. AP. November 18, 1944. p. 3
2270:. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. pp. 61, 109.
1276:
Ashburn, p. 40 (quoting Peabody, who was quoting Brooks).
451:
As a seminarian, Peabody assisted the liberal theologian
2336:
Richards, Henry Howe (1960). "My First Year at Groton".
2508:
The History of Lawrence Academy at Groton: 1792 to 1992
2511:. Groton, MA: Lawrence Academy at Groton. p. 402.
2451:
Missionary District of the Philippine Islands (1909).
1806:
Biddle, George (1960). "As I Remember Groton School".
1253:
The Catholic Movement in the American Episcopal Church
2604:"A Multiple-Choice Elite: Scoring the S.A.T. Tyranny"
483:. He arrived in January 1882, three months after the
2986:
2866:. New York, New York: Simon & Schuster. p.
2843:
Auchincloss, Louis (1960). "The Different Grotons".
335:. His grandchildren included Massachusetts governor
2776:"Fourth Inaugural Address of Franklin D. Roosevelt"
2198:
Theodore Roosevelt: Preaching from the Bully Pulpit
633:Peabody served as the vice president of the Boston
395:in 1880. At Trinity he converted from his family's
205:(May 31, 1857 – November 17, 1944) was an American
185:
173:
163:
138:
126:
115:
107:
93:
85:
67:
46:
30:
1885:"The Strange Fate of the American Boarding School"
273:in 1635, fifteen years after the first landing at
2864:The Wise Men: Six Friends and the World They Made
2702:. Northwestern University Press. pp. 60–61.
2297:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. p. 337.
1171:The British in India: A Social History of the Raj
435:for advice. Brooks encouraged him to attend the
2949:(2009 ed.). Sunstone Press. pp. 7–8.
1824:. The Theodore Roosevelt Center. Archived from
693:to teach there. He also served as a trustee of
2522:American Antiquarian Society Members Directory
1692:"St. Andrew's Ayer - William Greenough Thayer"
2832:. New York: Crown Publishers. pp. 51–55.
1455:
1453:
225:) in 1882 and St. Andrew's Episcopal Church (
8:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1388:
599:, and children of other prominent families.
3054:Members of the American Antiquarian Society
2774:Roosevelt, Franklin D. (January 20, 1945).
2696:Smith, Richard Norton (February 19, 2003).
1914:
1912:
919:"Funeral Tomorrow of John Endicott Peabody"
2676:Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
2253:. Farrar, Straus & Giroux. p. 14.
1921:"What America Looked Like: 4-Year-Old FDR"
1862:. Syracuse University Press. p. 114.
1256:. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 172.
403:, over his mother's strenuous objections.
27:
3044:Founders of American schools and colleges
2754:The National Endowment for the Humanities
347:. His great-grandchildren include author
324:; Peabody was an usher at their wedding.
2052:Williams, Peter W. (February 24, 2016).
2028:"Sumner Welles: FDR's Global Strategist"
1250:DeMille, George E. (February 10, 2005).
2858:Isaacson, Walter; Thomas, Evan (1986).
2264:Striner, Richard (September 16, 2010).
2201:. Oxford University Press. p. 92.
1287:"DR. LEIGHTON PARKS DEAD IN LONDON, 86"
1200:
1198:
863:
768:(the Harvard professor who created the
2891:Beran, Michael Knox (August 3, 2021).
2860:"World of Their Own/To the Manor Born"
2291:Dalton, Kathleen (December 18, 2007).
2190:
2188:
2021:
2019:
1460:Bishop Kirk S. Smith (July 12, 2007).
1000:"G. L. Peabody Dead, Bridegroom To Be"
2813:(Paperback ed.). New Haven, NH:
1966:
1964:
1962:
1919:Brian Resnicker (February 14, 2012).
1626:
1624:
1622:
1584:
1582:
1480:
1478:
1337:(3): 16. Fall 2017 – via Issuu.
1312:
1310:
1308:
1104:
1102:
948:"Francis Peabody of Boston, 83, Dies"
896:Biographical History of Massachusetts
706:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
333:Episcopal Diocese of Central New York
7:
2670:Kagan, Robert (September 14, 1998).
2352:"Dr. Peabody Groton Head Dies at 87"
2294:Theodore Roosevelt: A Strenuous Life
1720:. New York: Pegasus. pp. 9–10.
1437:National Register of Historic Places
1023:
1021:
942:
940:
641:"; when he caught a student reading
497:National Register of Historic Places
312:, the founder of the financial firm
2897:. Simon and Schuster. p. 112.
2724:"Endicott Peabody of Groton School"
2222:Miller, Neil (September 20, 2011).
2002:. Simon and Schuster. p. 161.
1696:St. Andrew's Episcopal Church, Ayer
1666:St. Andrew's Episcopal Church, Ayer
1636:St. Andrew's Episcopal Church, Ayer
1485:Millard, Egan (November 28, 2022).
1403:"Propers for the Peabody Feast Day"
1401:Smith, Kirk S. (November 9, 2007).
1060:. Digital Antiquaria. p. 408.
747:limit the number of Jewish students
3049:Heads of American boarding schools
3034:American people of English descent
2830:Louis Auchincloss: A Writer's Life
2386:. October 30, 1944. Archived from
537:. Impressed, the school's founder
14:
3039:Schoolteachers from Massachusetts
2847:. Groton School. pp. 243–44.
2380:"Education: Victorian Headmaster"
1856:Bundgaard, Axel (July 11, 2005).
308:. His mother was the daughter of
3024:People from Salem, Massachusetts
2473:"BISHOP PEABODY, LED SYNOD HERE"
2459:Episcopal Church (United States)
2419:"Groton Leaders to Found School"
2058:. UNC Press Books. p. 165.
1057:A History of American Privateers
607:) until the 1920s, and expelled
521:. His feast day is November 17.
254:on either May 30 or 31, 1857 to
191:
38:
1883:Hicks, David V. (Autumn 1996).
1611:(2nd ed.). Cambridge, MA:
1149:www.theodorerooseveltcenter.org
1145:"TR Center - Peabody, Endicott"
875:(2nd ed.). Cambridge, MA:
281:, who made a fortune importing
2780:Yale Law School Avalon Project
2133:Anglican and Episcopal History
2127:Spielmann, Richard M. (1989).
2112:Dobbins, Gage S., ed. (2000).
1951:(Revised ed.). New York:
1756:History of Education Quarterly
1716:de Kay, James Tertius (2012).
1206:"Peabody, Endicott (PBDY876E)"
1116:. October 31, 1909. p. 16
1054:Maclay, Edgar Stanton (1899).
535:British-style boarding schools
320:, the first wife of President
1:
2228:. Beacon Press. p. 139.
1810:. Groton School. p. 126.
1433:"St. Paul's Episcopal Church"
907:– via Internet Archive.
304:merchant and an associate of
297:, who founded Salem in 1628.
2505:Frank, Douglas Alan (1992).
2340:. Groton School. p. 62.
2195:Wetzel, Benjamin J. (2021).
2116:. Groton School. p. 20.
2114:St. John's Chapel: 1900-2000
1999:Roosevelts: An American Saga
1972:""old Peabo" And The School"
1462:"E-pistle for June 29, 2007"
1029:"John E. Peabody (obituary)"
925:. August 19, 1921. p. 6
702:American Antiquarian Society
519:Episcopal Diocese of Arizona
437:Episcopal Theological School
102:Episcopal Theological School
2809:Baltzell, E. Digby (1987).
2368:– via Newspapers.com.
2080:"Education: Jack for Peabo"
1210:A Cambridge Alumni Database
700:Peabody was elected to the
525:Massachusetts parish priest
493:St. Paul's Episcopal Church
485:Gunfight at the O.K. Corral
423:Seminary and early ministry
219:St. Paul's Episcopal Church
3075:
1750:Saveth, Edward N. (1988).
1607:Ashburn, Frank D. (1967).
1212:. University of Cambridge.
871:Ashburn, Frank D. (1967).
813:'s progressive policies.)
770:Thematic Apperception Test
695:Lawrence Academy at Groton
579:
381:Trinity College, Cambridge
363:Education and early career
98:Trinity College, Cambridge
18:
2943:La Farge, Oliver (1945).
2828:Gelderman, Carol (1993).
2750:"No Failure of Substance"
2432:(20): 558. May 20, 1926.
2249:Lemann, Nicholas (2000).
1407:St. Raphael in the Valley
234:Franklin Delano Roosevelt
217:in 1926. He also founded
190:
181:
159:
37:
2426:The Journal of Education
1947:Karabel, Jerome (2006).
1662:"Charles Lewis Slattery"
774:Scholastic Aptitude Test
570:William Greenough Thayer
441:Cambridge, Massachusetts
314:Lee, Higginson & Co.
291:Massachusetts Bay Colony
266:; and George, a banker.
2159:"Broad Church Movement"
1996:Collier, Peter (1995).
1752:"Education of an Elite"
1331:Groton School Quarterly
1169:Gilmour, David (2018).
256:Samuel Endicott Peabody
131:Samuel Endicott Peabody
3029:American Episcopalians
2997:June 21, 2000, at the
2593:Lemann, pp. 15, 88-90.
1491:Episcopal News Service
635:Watch and Ward Society
512:George Whitwell Parson
443:, a stronghold of the
408:J. S. Morgan & Co.
271:Ipswich, Massachusetts
2815:Yale University Press
1740:Ashburn, pp. 16, 105.
1516:National Park Service
1183:Ashburn, pp. 14, 105.
412:J.P. Morgan & Co.
345:Marietta Peabody Tree
264:Groton, Massachusetts
246:Early life and family
148:Marietta Peabody Tree
79:Groton, Massachusetts
2644:The Episcopal Church
2610:. September 27, 1999
2584:Karabel, pp. 102-09.
2557:Ashburn, pp. 174-77.
2408:Ashburn, pp. 307-11.
2163:The Episcopal Church
1890:The American Scholar
1828:on February 16, 2013
1672:on February 23, 2024
1642:on February 23, 2024
1518:. September 22, 1971
1366:Brooke, Stopford A.
1356:Ashburn, pp. 179-81.
1327:"Prize Day Speakers"
974:"MRS. JOHN LAWRENCE"
891:Eliot, Samuel Atkins
780:Assessment at Groton
410:(the predecessor of
252:Salem, Massachusetts
250:Peabody was born in
61:Salem, Massachusetts
2799:Karabel, pp. 35-36.
2730:. November 18, 1944
2651:on October 18, 2023
2390:on February 6, 2013
1597:Ashburn, pp. 65-66.
1240:Ashburn, pp. 35-37.
1231:Ashburn, pp. 34-35.
1006:. February 10, 1911
954:. February 10, 1938
824:On the other hand,
819:Fiorello La Guardia
721:Scholarly appraisal
710:Columbia University
697:from 1884 to 1908.
475:Ministry in Arizona
337:Endicott H. Peabody
227:Ayer, Massachusetts
209:priest who founded
143:Francis Peabody Jr.
2728:The New York Times
2628:Lemann, pp. 85-88.
2477:The New York Times
2440:– via JSTOR.
2147:– via JSTOR.
2032:The New York Times
2026:Welles, Benjamin.
1905:– via JSTOR.
1291:The New York Times
1033:The New York Times
1004:The New York TImes
978:The New York Times
952:The New York Times
842:Arthur Schlesinger
743:A. Lawrence Lowell
727:college admissions
481:Tombstone, Arizona
373:Winchester College
369:Cheltenham College
349:Frances FitzGerald
331:was bishop of the
329:Malcolm E. Peabody
322:Theodore Roosevelt
318:Alice Hathaway Lee
236:. Upon his death,
223:Tombstone, Arizona
134:Marianne Cabot Lee
2956:978-0-86534-673-4
2904:978-1-64313-707-0
2709:978-0-8101-2039-6
2479:. June 21, 1974.
2461:. pp. 28–29.
2317:Williams, p. 168.
2304:978-0-307-42968-1
2277:978-1-4422-0066-1
2235:978-0-8070-5111-5
2208:978-0-19-886580-3
2086:. June 26, 1939.
2065:978-1-4696-2698-7
2009:978-0-684-80140-7
1976:AMERICAN HERITAGE
1869:978-0-8156-3082-1
1615:. pp. 65–66.
1609:Peabody of Groton
1263:978-1-55635-152-5
1035:. August 19, 1921
873:Peabody of Groton
826:Louis Auchincloss
531:St. Mark's School
199:
198:
71:November 17, 1944
16:American educator
3066:
2976:by S.J. Reidhead
2961:
2960:
2940:
2934:
2933:
2931:
2929:
2915:
2909:
2908:
2888:
2882:
2881:
2855:
2849:
2848:
2840:
2834:
2833:
2825:
2819:
2818:
2806:
2800:
2797:
2791:
2790:
2788:
2786:
2771:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2760:
2746:
2740:
2739:
2737:
2735:
2720:
2714:
2713:
2693:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2682:
2667:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2647:. Archived from
2635:
2629:
2626:
2620:
2619:
2617:
2615:
2600:
2594:
2591:
2585:
2582:
2576:
2573:
2567:
2564:
2558:
2555:
2549:
2548:
2546:
2544:
2530:
2524:
2519:
2513:
2512:
2502:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2491:
2469:
2463:
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2448:
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2423:
2415:
2409:
2406:
2400:
2399:
2397:
2395:
2376:
2370:
2369:
2367:
2365:
2357:Hartford Courant
2348:
2342:
2341:
2333:
2327:
2326:Ashburn, p. 157.
2324:
2318:
2315:
2309:
2308:
2288:
2282:
2281:
2261:
2255:
2254:
2246:
2240:
2239:
2219:
2213:
2212:
2192:
2183:
2180:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2155:
2149:
2148:
2124:
2118:
2117:
2109:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2076:
2070:
2069:
2049:
2043:
2042:
2040:
2038:
2023:
2014:
2013:
1993:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1968:
1957:
1956:
1944:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1916:
1907:
1906:
1880:
1874:
1873:
1853:
1847:
1844:
1838:
1837:
1835:
1833:
1818:
1812:
1811:
1803:
1797:
1794:
1788:
1787:
1747:
1741:
1738:
1732:
1731:
1718:Roosevelt's Navy
1713:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1688:
1682:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1668:. Archived from
1658:
1652:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1638:. Archived from
1632:"Parish History"
1628:
1617:
1616:
1604:
1598:
1595:
1589:
1586:
1577:
1574:
1568:
1565:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1543:
1537:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1508:
1502:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1482:
1473:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1457:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1429:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1413:on March 4, 2016
1409:. Archived from
1398:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1378:
1372:victorianweb.org
1363:
1357:
1354:
1348:
1345:
1339:
1338:
1323:
1317:
1314:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1293:. March 22, 1938
1283:
1277:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1247:
1241:
1238:
1232:
1229:
1223:
1220:
1214:
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1202:
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1175:
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1155:
1141:
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1125:
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1097:
1094:
1088:
1085:
1079:
1078:
1076:
1074:
1051:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1025:
1016:
1015:
1013:
1011:
996:
990:
989:
987:
985:
980:. August 6, 1935
970:
964:
963:
961:
959:
944:
935:
934:
932:
930:
923:The Boston Globe
915:
909:
908:
906:
904:
887:
881:
880:
868:
838:Averell Harriman
795:Robert McCormick
704:in 1891 and the
639:Banned in Boston
628:Higher Criticism
609:Archie Roosevelt
566:Washington, D.C.
554:Charles Slattery
418:Religious career
203:Endicott Peabody
195:
168:Episcopal Church
153:Endicott Peabody
86:Other names
74:
56:
54:
42:
32:Endicott Peabody
28:
21:Endicott Peabody
3074:
3073:
3069:
3068:
3067:
3065:
3064:
3063:
3004:
3003:
2999:Wayback Machine
2983:
2970:
2968:Further reading
2965:
2964:
2957:
2942:
2941:
2937:
2927:
2925:
2917:
2916:
2912:
2905:
2890:
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2743:
2733:
2731:
2722:
2721:
2717:
2710:
2695:
2694:
2690:
2680:
2678:
2669:
2668:
2664:
2654:
2652:
2639:"Groton School"
2637:
2636:
2632:
2627:
2623:
2613:
2611:
2602:
2601:
2597:
2592:
2588:
2583:
2579:
2575:Karabel, p. 38.
2574:
2570:
2565:
2561:
2556:
2552:
2542:
2540:
2532:
2531:
2527:
2520:
2516:
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2247:
2243:
2236:
2221:
2220:
2216:
2209:
2194:
2193:
2186:
2182:Ashburn, p. 43.
2181:
2177:
2167:
2165:
2157:
2156:
2152:
2126:
2125:
2121:
2111:
2110:
2106:
2096:
2094:
2078:
2077:
2073:
2066:
2051:
2050:
2046:
2036:
2034:
2025:
2024:
2017:
2010:
1995:
1994:
1990:
1980:
1978:
1970:
1969:
1960:
1946:
1945:
1941:
1931:
1929:
1918:
1917:
1910:
1897:(4): 525, 528.
1882:
1881:
1877:
1870:
1855:
1854:
1850:
1846:Ashburn, p. 68.
1845:
1841:
1831:
1829:
1822:"Groton School"
1820:
1819:
1815:
1805:
1804:
1800:
1796:Ashburn, p. 71.
1795:
1791:
1749:
1748:
1744:
1739:
1735:
1728:
1715:
1714:
1710:
1700:
1698:
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1689:
1685:
1675:
1673:
1660:
1659:
1655:
1645:
1643:
1630:
1629:
1620:
1613:Riverside Press
1606:
1605:
1601:
1596:
1592:
1588:Ashburn, p. 62.
1587:
1580:
1575:
1571:
1566:
1562:
1552:
1550:
1545:
1544:
1540:
1536:Ashburn, p. 48.
1535:
1531:
1521:
1519:
1510:
1509:
1505:
1495:
1493:
1484:
1483:
1476:
1466:
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1416:
1414:
1400:
1399:
1386:
1376:
1374:
1365:
1364:
1360:
1355:
1351:
1347:Ashburn, p. 67.
1346:
1342:
1325:
1324:
1320:
1316:Ashburn, p. 65.
1315:
1306:
1296:
1294:
1285:
1284:
1280:
1275:
1271:
1264:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1239:
1235:
1230:
1226:
1222:Ashburn, p. 36.
1221:
1217:
1204:
1203:
1196:
1192:Ashburn, p. 31.
1191:
1187:
1182:
1178:
1168:
1167:
1163:
1153:
1151:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1133:
1129:
1119:
1117:
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1100:
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1082:
1072:
1070:
1068:
1053:
1052:
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1038:
1036:
1027:
1026:
1019:
1009:
1007:
998:
997:
993:
983:
981:
972:
971:
967:
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955:
946:
945:
938:
928:
926:
917:
916:
912:
902:
900:
889:
888:
884:
877:Riverside Press
870:
869:
865:
860:
852:Oliver La Farge
847:Chicago Tribune
782:
758:Nicholas Lemann
723:
718:
679:
662:Grafton Cushing
584:
578:
527:
477:
469:Stopford Brooke
465:F. W. Robertson
457:Emmanuel Church
433:Phillips Brooks
425:
420:
365:
343:representative
316:His cousin was
310:John Clarke Lee
248:
151:
150:(granddaughter)
146:
133:
100:
81:
76:
72:
63:
58:
52:
50:
33:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3072:
3070:
3062:
3061:
3059:Peabody family
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3006:
3005:
3002:
3001:
2989:
2982:
2981:External links
2979:
2978:
2977:
2969:
2966:
2963:
2962:
2955:
2935:
2923:Newspapers.com
2910:
2903:
2883:
2876:
2850:
2835:
2820:
2801:
2792:
2766:
2741:
2715:
2708:
2688:
2662:
2630:
2621:
2595:
2586:
2577:
2568:
2566:Karabel, p. 28
2559:
2550:
2538:www.amacad.org
2525:
2514:
2497:
2464:
2443:
2410:
2401:
2371:
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2310:
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2283:
2276:
2256:
2241:
2234:
2214:
2207:
2184:
2175:
2150:
2119:
2104:
2071:
2064:
2044:
2015:
2008:
1988:
1958:
1939:
1908:
1875:
1868:
1848:
1839:
1813:
1798:
1789:
1768:10.2307/369088
1742:
1733:
1726:
1708:
1683:
1653:
1618:
1599:
1590:
1578:
1569:
1567:Eliot, p. 372.
1560:
1538:
1529:
1503:
1474:
1449:
1424:
1384:
1358:
1349:
1340:
1318:
1304:
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1269:
1262:
1242:
1233:
1224:
1215:
1194:
1185:
1176:
1161:
1136:
1134:Eliot, p. 367.
1127:
1098:
1096:Eliot, p. 363.
1089:
1087:Eliot, p. 364.
1080:
1066:
1046:
1017:
991:
965:
936:
910:
893:, ed. (1918).
882:
862:
861:
859:
856:
815:Newbold Morris
803:Herbert Hoover
781:
778:
762:Henry Chauncey
738:Jerome Karabel
722:
719:
717:
714:
678:
675:
580:Main article:
577:
574:
550:chapel of ease
539:Joseph Burnett
526:
523:
476:
473:
453:Leighton Parks
429:Trinity Church
424:
421:
419:
416:
364:
361:
355:, and actress
279:Joseph Peabody
247:
244:
197:
196:
188:
187:
183:
182:
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165:
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140:
136:
135:
128:
124:
123:
117:
113:
112:
111:Fannie Peabody
109:
105:
104:
95:
91:
90:
87:
83:
82:
77:
75:(aged 87)
69:
65:
64:
59:
48:
44:
43:
35:
34:
31:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3071:
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3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3011:
3009:
3000:
2996:
2993:
2992:Brooks School
2990:
2988:
2987:Groton School
2985:
2984:
2980:
2975:
2972:
2971:
2967:
2958:
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2873:
2869:
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2861:
2854:
2851:
2846:
2839:
2836:
2831:
2824:
2821:
2817:. p. 29.
2816:
2812:
2805:
2802:
2796:
2793:
2781:
2777:
2770:
2767:
2755:
2751:
2745:
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2716:
2711:
2705:
2701:
2700:
2692:
2689:
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2663:
2650:
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2645:
2640:
2634:
2631:
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2622:
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2523:
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2510:
2509:
2501:
2498:
2486:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2468:
2465:
2460:
2456:
2455:
2454:Annual Report
2447:
2444:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2420:
2414:
2411:
2405:
2402:
2389:
2385:
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2022:
2020:
2016:
2011:
2005:
2001:
2000:
1992:
1989:
1977:
1973:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1959:
1955:. p. 31.
1954:
1953:Mariner Books
1950:
1943:
1940:
1928:
1927:
1922:
1915:
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1827:
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1777:
1773:
1769:
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1757:
1753:
1746:
1743:
1737:
1734:
1729:
1727:9781605982854
1723:
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