124:
19:
132:
30:
885:
dead, including employees of Jacobs
Engineering and the Fluor Corporation as well as BP. BP has since accepted that its employees contributed to the accident. Several level indicators failed, leading to overfilling of a blowdown drum, and light hydrocarbons concentrated at ground level throughout the area. A nearby running diesel truck set off the explosion.
474:. The flood immediately killed over 100,000 people, and another 150,000 died of subsequent epidemic diseases and famine, bringing the total death toll to around 250,000—making it the worst technical disaster ever. In addition, about 5,960,000 buildings collapsed, and 11 million residents were made homeless.
1538:
Silva, Raquel A; West, J Jason; Zhang, Yuqiang; Anenberg, Susan C; Lamarque, Jean-François; Shindell, Drew T; Collins, William J; Dalsoren, Stig; Faluvegi, Greg; Folberth, Gerd; Horowitz, Larry W; Nagashima, Tatsuya; Naik, Vaishali; Rumbold, Steven; Skeie, Ragnhild; Sudo, Kengo; Takemura, Toshihiko;
950:
at the
Russian hydroelectric station occurred when turbine 2 broke free and shot-up violently. The turbine hall then flooded as a result of the hole where the turbine previously seated and the ceiling of the hall collapsed with 75 people killed along with a 1–2 billion dollar cleanup of the site and
270:
plants rank first in terms of their economic cost, accounting for 41 percent of all property damage. Oil and hydroelectric follow at around 25 percent each, followed by natural gas at 9 percent and coal at 2 percent. Excluding
Chernobyl and the Shimantan Dam, the three other most expensive accidents
206:
is a long one. In the US alone, more than 100,000 coal miners were killed in accidents over the past century, with more than 3,200 dying in 1907 alone. In the decades following this peak, an annual death toll of 1,500 miner fatalities occurred every year in the US until approximately the 1970s. Coal
884:
refinery in Texas City, Texas. At the time, it was the fourth largest refinery in the United States and one of the largest in the world, processing 437,000 barrels of crude oil per day and accounting for 2.5% of that nation's gasoline supply. The injured were 180, and 15 people were confirmed
602:
within weeks to months after the accident. Future, total death toll predictions, state that there may be a total of between 4,000 and 25,000 cancer deaths in the years to decades ahead due to radiation induced cancers, with the large discrepancy in the predictions created by various authoritative
440:
overflew. Filling the reservoir caused geological failure in valley wall, leading to 110 km/h landslide into the lake; water escaped in a wave over the top of dam. Valley had been incorrectly assessed as stable. Several villages were completely wiped out, with an estimated between 1,900 and
1168:, there have been no direct deaths attributed to radiation at or around the Fukushima power station but a few of the plant's workers were injured or killed by the disaster conditions resulting from the earthquake and tsunami that struck the power plant which precipitated the accident. The
1003:. Preliminary reports attributed the cause of the explosion to a test of the plant's energy systems. The plant was still under construction and scheduled to start supplying energy in June 2010. The number of injuries was eventually established to be 27. Five people died in the explosion.
192:. Coal mining is the most dangerous occupation in China, the death rate for every 100 tons of coal mined is 100 times that of the death rate in the US and 30 times that achieved in South Africa. Moreover, 600,000 Chinese coal miners, as of 2004, were suffering from
257:
from biomass and fossil fuel burning is estimated to cause approximately 4.3 million premature deaths. In 2013, a team of researchers estimated the number of premature deaths caused by particulate matter in outdoor air pollution as 2.1 million, occurring annually.
900:. A series of explosions at the Buncefield oil storage depot, described as the largest peacetime explosion in Europe, devastated the terminal and many surrounding properties. There were no fatalities. Total damages have been forecast as £750 million.
638:. An explosion and resulting fire on a North Sea oil production platform kills 167 men. Total insured loss is about US$ 3.4 billion. To date it is rated as the world's worst offshore oil disaster in terms both of lives lost and impact to industry.
522:(PORV) in the primary system, allowed large amounts of reactor coolant to escape. Plant operators initially failed to recognize the loss of coolant, resulting in a partial meltdown. The reactor was brought under control but not before radioactive
490:
owned by the company Amoco (now merged with BP) sank near the
Northwest coasts of France, resulting in the spilling of 68,684,000 US Gallons of crude oil (1,635,000 barrels). This is the largest oil spill of its kind (spill from an oil tanker) in
1626:
49:
Energy resources bring with them great social and economic promise, providing financial growth for communities and energy services for local economies. However, the infrastructure which delivers energy services can break down in an
711:
was a railway accident that occurred on 4 June 1989, in
Iglinsky District, Bashkir ASSR, Soviet Union, when an explosion killed 575 people and injured 800 more. The explosion was caused by a faulty pipeline transporting natural
1539:
Bergmann, Daniel; Cameron-Smith, Philip; Cionni, Irene; Doherty, Ruth M; Eyring, Veronika; Josse, Beatrice; MacKenzie, I A; Plummer, David; Righi, Mattia; Stevenson, David S; Strode, Sarah; Szopa, Sophie; Zeng, Guang (2013).
697:, and billions of salmon and herring eggs were destroyed. Overall reductions in population have been seen in various ocean animals, including stunted growth in pink salmon populations. Sea otters and ducks also showed higher
1312:
847:, caused by fossil fuel cargo containers catching fire, then igniting other combustibles, which finally exploded, it resulted in ~300 killed and the destruction of the entire village of Khayyam by blast and fire.
307:
84:
hazards are principally mine wall failures and vehicle collisions. In the US alone, more than 100,000 coal miners have been killed in accidents over the past century, with more than 3,200 dying in 1907 alone.
2431:
1028:, considered the largest offshore spill in U.S. history. According to the Committee on the Analysis of Causes of the Deepwater Horizon Explosion, poor safety culture was largely to blame for the accident.
628:
and was ignited. Louisiana state police evacuated 2,800 residents from nearby neighborhoods. Seven workers were killed and 42 injured. The total cost arising from the Norco blast is estimated at US$ 706
701:
in following years, partially because they ingested prey from contaminated soil and from ingestion of oil residues on hair due to grooming. The effects of the spill continue to be felt 20 years later.
294:
Modern-day U.S. regulatory agencies frequently implement regulations on conventional pollution if one life or more is predicted saved per $ 6 million to $ 8 million of economic costs incurred.
2632:
1462:; Butler, Colin D.; Chafe, Zoë A.; Fairlie, Ian; Kinney, Patrick; Kjellstrom, Tord; Mauzerall, Denise L.; McKone, Thomas E.; McMichael, Anthony J.; Schneider, Mycle (18 March 2013).
1214:
power plant to explode, causing a blackout in most of
Midtown Manhattan. The blue light emitted from the arc made places as far as Brooklyn glow. No person was killed or injured.
319:
96:
energy accidents occurred from 1907 to 2007 and they caused 182,156 deaths with $ 41 billion in property damages, with these figures not including deaths from smaller accidents.
1332:
2327:
947:
1342:
226:
fired power plants were estimated, in the 2000s, to continue to cause between 10,000 and 30,000 latent, or air pollution related deaths per year, due to the emissions of
2410:
737:
accounting firm, 252 people were killed, nearly 500 injured and 15,000 were left homeless. The estimated monetary damage ranges between $ 300 million to $ 1 billion.
1379:
2435:
158:(Henan Province, China) and 171,000 people perished. While the other major accident that involved greater than 1000 immediate deaths followed the rupture of the
1302:
1169:
1161:
196:(known as "black lung") a disease of the lungs caused by long-continued inhalation of coal dust. And the figure increases by 70,000 miners every year in China.
127:
Hypothetical number of global deaths which would have resulted from energy production if the world's energy production was met through a single source, in 2014.
1901:
2516:
1317:
897:
311:
2078:
1337:
2640:
1118:
killed 29 people, including thirteen children, and injured 52. Some of the flames in the fire became ten metres high, and the smoke towered over the city.
339:
208:
2539:
2130:
215:
2605:
1996:
916:
No less than 75 miners died with at least 43 missing after a methane gas explosion at the
Ulyanovskaya coal mine in the Kemerovo region of Siberia.
2882:
535:. The Ixtoc I exploratory oil well suffered a blowout resulting in the third largest oil spill and the second largest accidental spill in history.
2788:
2579:
1594:
767:
in
Bellingham, Washington, USA kills three when a pipeline carrying gasoline ruptures, spilling 277,000 gallons into a creek, which then ignited.
384:
raid killing 1,579 and thus would technically put it in second place, however as that was a deliberate act of war, it may not be included as an "
1307:
981:
2006:
1140:
1080:
830:
814:
611:
and
Ukraine surrounding Prypiat, remains contaminated and mostly uninhabited. Prypiat itself was totally evacuated and remains as a partial
1521:
864:
829:. Resulted in the triggering of a peat avalanche, and thereby the pollution of a nearby lake, contaminating the water supply of a town and
595:
2457:
2353:
2185:
2107:
1020:
workers died in a natural gas blow out explosion and fire, following the sinking of the oil platform the accident resulted in a massive
150:
facilities claimed 94 percent of reported immediate fatalities. Results on immediate fatalities are dominated by one disaster in which
123:
1368:
1068:
923:
185:
and training within companies is evidenced by the finding that workers new to a company are more likely to be involved in fatalities.
1143:. As it raged, several pressurized liquified propane gas storage tanks exploded into massive fireballs, the largest over Japan since
2331:
1920:
1862:
Burgherr, Peter; Hirschberg, Stefan (2008). "A Comparative
Analysis of Accident Risks in Fossil, Hydro, and Nuclear Energy Chains".
1363:
1076:
1035:
412:
coal mine fire began, causing the destruction of a highway and forcing the gradual evacuation of the Centralia borough, it is now a
188:
Coal mining accidents resulted in 5,938 immediate deaths in 2005, and 4746 immediate deaths in 2006 in China alone according to the
1806:
1188:
A road fuel tanker overturns when stopping at a checkpoint in central Nigeria, sparking a fire in which some 50 people were killed.
2700:
1915:
1781:
966:
398:
caused by the burning of coal, and to a lesser extent wood, killed 12,000 people within days to months due to inhalation of the
1970:
1232:
A gas explosion demolishes a five-story residential building in Reims France, killing no less than 3 people and injuring 14.
960:
killed 12 people and injuring 300, with 500,000 people evacuated, the first explosion shattered window glass 3 km away.
193:
793:
A coal mine explosion kills 111 to 124 in Heilongjiang province, China. Coal mining fatalities in China are under-reported.
470:
flooded in the Henan Province of China due to heavy rains and poor construction quality of the dam, which was built during
2164:
1270:
1238:
1153:
877:
854:
784:
219:
159:
1194:
2383:
1354:
1009:
754:
718:
519:
207:
mining fatalities in the US between 1990 and 2012 have continued to decline, with fewer than 100 each year. (See more
22:
456:
was shipwrecked off the west coast of Cornwall, England, causing an environmental disaster. This was the first major
369:
2806:
2832:
2508:
1916:"A retrospective assessment of mortality from the London smog episode of 1952: the role of influenza and pollution"
1541:"Global premature mortality due to anthropogenic outdoor air pollution and the contribution of past climate change"
1173:
939:(LPG) derailed with the LPG containers exploding. 32 people died, 26 people were injured, 100 people left homeless.
932:
926:
occurred, resulting in ~50 injuries, 2 critical, and ~30 million dollars of lost revenue for the cities businesses.
764:
682:
515:
280:
2758:
2557:
2482:
1686:"Occupational Exposures in the Oil and Gas Extraction Industry: State of the Science and Research Recommendations"
1463:
18:
1590:
323:
242:
2851:
2719:
573:, an explosion at a liquid petroleum gas tank farm killed hundreds and injured thousands in San Juanico, Mexico.
957:
599:
135:
2291:
518:. Partial nuclear meltdown. Mechanical failures in the non-nuclear secondary system, followed by a stuck-open
174:
in the Ukraine. With approximately 4000 deaths in total, to eventually result in the decades ahead due to the
1444:
1256:
996:
969:
A gas explosion killed 108 and hospitalized another 29 people in a coal mine in Heilongjiang province China.
936:
868:
840:
669:
dumping an estimated minimum 10.8 million US gallons (40.9 million litres, or 250,000 barrels) of
409:
891:
A gas explosion kills 19 and injuries 17 people at a shopping centre in the northern Russian town of Ukhta.
1048:
A gas explosion destroyed four houses and injured 15 people, in Merlin Road, Salford, Greater Manchester,
674:
658:
644:
365:
272:
58:
can occur, and with many systems deaths will happen often, even when the systems are working as intended.
1767:
115:(counting outdoor air pollution effects only) is estimated to cause 2.1 to 4.21 million deaths annually.
2309:
1620:
Lelieveld, J.; Klingmüller, K.; Pozzer, A.; Burnett, R. T.; Haines, A.; Ramanathan, V. (25 March 2019).
1172:
in the years and decades ahead. As of 2013, 160,000 evacuees are still living in temporary housing. The
331:
2770:
1598:
1281:, it killed 30 and injured 309 while destroying 1.5 km of road and damaging 1,500 business stores.
1220:
An underground methane gas explosion killed 18 miners at the Vorkutinskaya coal pit in northern Russia.
555:
is struck by a rogue wave off the coast of Newfoundland, Canada and sinks with the loss of all 84 crew.
99:
However, by far the greatest energy fatalities as a result of energy generation by humanity are due to
1062:
in the Grand Riviera Princess hotel in the Mexican resort of Playa del Carmen kills 7 and injuries 18.
2387:
1635:
1552:
1459:
1439:
1373:
1042:
killing 8 and produced a ball of fire 1,000 foot high due to the rupture of the natural gas pipeline.
734:
662:
635:
587:
570:
561:
423:
395:
381:
372:
in 1906 and the second worst recorded energy accident, in terms of lives lost on a single day, after
288:
143:
89:
426:) occurred during the opening night for the Holiday on Ice show, killing 74 and injuring nearly 400.
498:
189:
151:
1402:
131:
1879:
1327:
1322:
1165:
910:
caused by a coal mine explosion kills 12 in the US, the worst such accident since 2001 in the US.
907:
787:
kills 100–200 when the petrol/gasoline tanker collides with a traffic jam and bursts into flames.
708:
604:
579:
526:
were released into the atmosphere. The accident has not been directly linked with a single death.
471:
303:
276:
254:
235:
171:
112:
73:
34:
2737:
677:
ever to occur in history. 100,000 to as many as 250,000 seabirds died as well as at least 2,800
377:
2222:
2171:
Peter Eisner: "Nine officials charged in sewer-line explosions case." The Tech. April 28, 1992.
1241:
63 cars of a 72-car train carrying crude oil derailed, causing fire and explosions in downtown
857:
was a gas explosion that killed 58 in an apartment building in the Russian city of Arkhangelsk.
2461:
2361:
2138:
2002:
1947:
1723:
1705:
1663:
1622:"Effects of fossil fuel and total anthropogenic emission removal on public health and climate"
1493:
1124:
625:
532:
162:
in 1998 and the resulting explosion. The other singular accident described by Sovacool is the
2239:
1479:
2099:
1937:
1929:
1871:
1713:
1697:
1653:
1643:
1570:
1560:
1483:
1475:
1136:
621:
583:
448:
357:
203:
147:
2070:
2168:
1207:
1132:
1096:
361:
335:
231:
167:
81:
69:
2209:
1831:
1810:
1418:
1242:
733:
system over four hours destroyed 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) of streets. According to the
1785:
1639:
1556:
199:
Historically, coal mining has been a very dangerous activity and the list of historical
2807:"This Week In Natural Gas Leaks and Explosions – April 8, 2013 - Natural Gas Watch.org"
2483:"Gulf oil spill now largest offshore spill in U.S. history as BP continues plug effort"
2432:"Mourners Grieve At Funerals For Connecticut Workers Who Died In Power Plant Explosion"
1955:
1942:
1889:
1848:
1718:
1685:
1658:
1621:
1565:
1540:
1291:
1274:
1025:
1013:
992:
730:
624:, Shell Oil refinery explosion after hydrocarbon gas escaped from a corroded pipe in a
353:
227:
182:
2876:
1883:
1338:
Common cause and special cause (statistics) § Common mode failure in engineering
1201:/gasoline crashes then explodes killing 121 spectators and injuring at least 75 more.
1111:
1059:
1039:
1000:
800:
744:
591:
542:
343:
327:
267:
175:
155:
146:, while responsible for less than 1 percent of the total number of energy accidents,
100:
871:
gas explosion that killed 9 & injured 33, it also destroyed the 4 story factory.
222:, an act created to cut down on pollution related deaths from fossil fuel usage, US
29:
1914:
Bell, Michelle L.; Michelle L. Bell; Devra L. Davis; Tony Fletcher (January 2004).
1072:
1017:
822:
649:
552:
2273:
1974:
1522:"Fine Particulate Matter Map Shows Premature Mortality Due to Air Pollution. 2013"
509:, exploded and killed 50 people, the disaster also caused extensive harbor damage.
2252:
2071:"Exxon Valdez oil spill effects lasting far longer than expected, scientists say"
2044:
2022:
1742:
1297:
1107:
831:
the death of an estimated 50,000 fish, with peat related carbon dioxide releases
825:
construction project at the time, on top of a hill, with an underlying layer of
686:
482:
467:
373:
315:
246:
104:
62:
2161:
1627:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
2679:
2665:
JAPAN SHOCKED!! Oil Refinery blast up with Massive earthquake at 8.9 magnitude
2663:
1875:
747:
in a Turkish coal mine kills 263 workers near the Black Sea port of Zonguldak.
698:
690:
673:
into the sea. It is considered to be one of the most devastating human-caused
666:
654:
612:
502:
487:
453:
433:
413:
2242:
INDEPTH: CHINA Timeline of mining disasters CBC News Online | January 5, 2006
2142:
1709:
214:
In the United States, in the 2000s, after three decades of regulation on the
2701:"Two years on, America hasn't learned lessons of Fukushima nuclear disaster"
1648:
1211:
1104:
1021:
678:
670:
457:
1951:
1727:
1684:
Witter, Roxana Z.; Tenney, Liliana; Clark, Suzanne; Newman, Lee S. (2014).
1667:
1497:
2131:"Guadalajara Journal; Where Blast Leveled the Streets, Fear Still Loiters"
2810:
2580:"Mexico Pipeline Blast Kills 28, Blamed on 'Criminal Gang' Stealing Fuel"
2509:"San Bruno Explosion: Residents Wait To Move Back To Burned Neighborhood"
1575:
1144:
1115:
985:
826:
774:
726:
385:
283:(Pennsylvania). However analysis presented in the international Journal,
1313:
List of environmental accidents in the fossil fuel industry in Australia
2357:
1701:
1092:
1049:
989:
818:
608:
506:
250:
108:
65:
has been the most dangerous energy activity and the list of historical
1488:
1933:
1278:
1260:
1246:
1198:
1088:
1084:
804:
722:
42:
38:
2633:"Explosión de oleoducto devasta gran parte de San Martín Texmelucan"
308:
List of pipeline accidents in the United States in the 21st century
1157:
1128:
1100:
773:
A gas explosion in Larkhall in Lanarkshire, south east of Glasgow
586:
a test on reactor number four goes out of control, resulting in a
437:
130:
28:
17:
2411:"Connecticut gas explosion at power plant 'leaves up to 50 dead'"
1442:. A preliminary assessment of major energy accidents, 1907–2007,
1176:
will take 40 or more years, and cost tens of billions of dollars.
291:
and hydro accidents have cost more than nuclear power accidents.
2186:"Turkey mine explosion: more than 200 dead and hundreds trapped"
1902:"EPA Plans to Revisit a Touchy Topic – the Value of Saved Lives"
1413:
1411:
844:
694:
545:, a freshwater lake before the accident, into a salt water lake.
399:
223:
200:
166:
latent death toll of greater than 1000, as a result of the 1986
66:
2738:"'No survivors in Sorange mine collapse' – The Express Tribune"
422:
A gas explosion at the Indianapolis Coliseum (now known as the
1249:
Canada. 47 people were killed and 30 buildings were destroyed.
1226:
A gas well blowout kills 2 and injuries 2 others in Texas USA.
951:
400 tons of trout killed due to transformer oil being release.
523:
253:
is estimated to cause 3 million deaths worldwide per year and
77:
76:
hazards include suffocation, gas poisoning, roof collapse and
1998:
Three Mile Island: A Nuclear Crisis in Historical Perspective
1743:"Coming Clean: The future of coal in the Asia-Pacific region"
1595:"7 million premature deaths annually linked to air pollution"
2223:"China urges tighter mine supervision after deadly accident"
2253:"111 Miners Died in Gas Explosion in Heilongjiang Province"
984:. A large explosion occurred at a Kleen Energy Systems 620-
881:
603:
agencies employing different risk models. The 30 kilometer
598:, with most of those exposed to radiation only, dying with
541:
A Texaco oil rig drilled into a salt mine transforming the
2789:"Two Basic Energy Workers Killed After Texas Well Blowout"
2540:"Gas explosion destroys four houses and leaves 15 injured"
2330:(in Italian). Il Tirreno. 22 December 2009. Archived from
245:
in 2012, urban outdoor air pollution, from the burning of
376:
in 1975. Despite the 1943 disaster on the hydroelectric
218:, including regulations in the 1970s and 1990s from the
1263:
that killed ~301 and trapped a further 600 underground.
1103:
petroleum company, and exploded after thieves from the
2210:
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/scotland/574946.stm
1170:
estimated future cancer burden is a total of 180 cases
416:. The fire continues to burn in the abandoned borough.
320:
List of nuclear and radiation accidents by death toll
2833:"Explosion in French apartment building kills three"
2434:. Hartford Courant. 13 February 2010. Archived from
1533:
1531:
1333:
Lists of nuclear disasters and radioactive incidents
2460:. Associated Press. 7 February 2010. Archived from
1343:
U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board
1294:
burn for decades and are virtually inextinguishable
1182:
A coal mine explosion in Sorange Pakistan kills 45.
181:In the oil and gas industry, the need for improved
2720:"Report Finds Japan Underestimated Tsunami Danger"
2606:"Oil: The Mexican cartels' other deadly business"
2507:Leff, Lisa; Garrance Burke (September 11, 2010).
2458:"Gas blast at Conn. power plant kills at least 5"
2354:"Viareggio, salgono a 18 le vittime del disastro"
364:killed 1,549 making it the worst disaster in the
332:Liquefied natural gas § Safety and accidents
2852:"Turkey Coal Mine Explosion Kills More Than 200"
975:A gas explosion at a Turkish coal mine kills 30.
564:, Union Oil refinery explosion killed 19 people.
501:, a French constructed oil tanker which entered
1380:Kingston Fossil Plant coal fly ash slurry spill
948:2009 Sayano–Shushenskaya power station accident
2100:"Exxon Valdez oil spill still a threat: study"
1516:
1514:
1303:List of accidents and disasters by death toll
8:
2771:"Methane blast kills 18 at Russia coal mine"
2631:Más notas de México, AP (19 December 2010).
2573:
2571:
2328:"Addio a Elisabeth la trentaduesima vittima"
2179:
2177:
2162:http://tech.mit.edu/V112/N22/mexico.22w.html
2023:"Frequently Asked Questions About the Spill"
2001:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
1405:" NPR: National Public Radio. April 7, 2010.
1318:List of hydroelectric power station failures
312:List of hydroelectric power station failures
2310:"Russian mine explosion kills 75 - CNN.com"
2079:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
2759:Nigeria oil tanker fire kills at least 95
2558:"5 Canadians killed in Mexico hotel blast"
1435:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1427:
803:at a Koranic school dormitory in Kayseri,
582:. At the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in
340:Coal mining disasters in the United States
209:Coal mining disasters in the United States
103:, primarily generated from the burning of
1941:
1717:
1657:
1647:
1574:
1564:
1487:
1403:"Former Miner Explains Culture Of Mining.
1398:
1396:
216:Environmental impact of the coal industry
54:, sometimes causing considerable damage.
45:, where over 300 miners lost their lives.
2292:"Russian explosion kills 19, injures 17"
2025:. Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council
1480:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031912-114404
590:. The ensuing steam explosion, fire and
368:superseding the 1,099 death toll of the
122:
2519:from the original on September 13, 2010
2413:. London: Telegraph Media Group Limited
2069:Williamson, David (December 18, 2003).
1768:"Coal mining: Most deadly job in China"
1690:American Journal of Industrial Medicine
1392:
898:Hertfordshire Oil Storage Terminal fire
2578:Gould, Jens Erik (December 20, 2010).
2538:McCorkell, Andrew (November 3, 2010).
1308:List of coal mining accidents in China
1127:: The Cosmo Oil Company's refinery in
982:2010 Connecticut power plant explosion
388:" under the strictest use of the term.
25:discharges 4.9 million barrels. (2010)
1110:attempted to siphon off the oil. The
7:
2274:"Eight die in Turkish gas explosion"
1864:Human and Ecological Risk Assessment
1807:"Mine Safety and Health at a Glance"
1679:
1677:
865:Stockline Plastics factory explosion
285:Human and Ecological Risk Assessment
2699:Richard Schiffman (12 March 2013).
2108:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
1259:was an explosion at a coal mine in
1075:explosion that occurred at 5:50 am
995:gas- and oil- fired power plant in
757:in Australia kills 2 and injures 8.
721:in the downtown district of Analco
615:, open only for tourists and tours.
2686:Intense fireball at Chiba Refinery
2604:Argen, David (December 21, 2010).
1741:Pozon, Ina; Puanani Mench (2006).
1376:, up to 12,000 people died in 1952
1369:Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster
1081:San Martín Texmelucan de Labastida
1069:2010 Puebla oil pipeline explosion
924:2007 New York City steam explosion
281:Three Mile Island nuclear accident
138:kills 78. West Virginia, US, 1968.
14:
1458:Smith, Kirk R.; Frumkin, Howard;
1364:Effects of the Chernobyl disaster
1360:and natural gas explosion of 2010
1160:. Regarded as the second largest
1036:2010 San Bruno pipeline explosion
136:The Farmington coal mine disaster
2384:"Italian train inferno kills 16"
2212:Pictures from the Larkhall blast
1971:"Disaster in Aisle 13 Revisited"
967:2009 Heilongjiang mine explosion
266:According to Benjamin Sovacool,
238:that result when coal is burnt.
2718:Martin Fackler (June 1, 2011).
2662:Shahzaib Khan (13 March 2011),
2409:Allen, Nick (7 February 2010).
2129:Depalma, Anthony (1993-06-03).
2883:Energy accidents and incidents
1545:Environmental Research Letters
1468:Annual Review of Public Health
1419:Coal Mining Steeped in History
594:releases killed approximately
1:
2637:Diario de Yucatán – Exclusiva
2360:. 2 July 2009. Archived from
1969:Drabek, Thomas (1995-05-18).
1421:". ABC News. January 5, 2006.
1271:2014 Kaohsiung gas explosions
1154:Fukushima I nuclear accidents
1091:. The pipeline, running from
880:. An explosion occurred at a
878:Texas City refinery explosion
855:Arkhangelsk explosion of 2004
785:Ibadan tanker truck explosion
33:Rescue effort after the 2014
2639:(in Spanish). Archived from
2045:"Exxon Valdez: Ten years on"
1566:10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/034005
1195:Okobie road tanker explosion
551:The mobile offshore oil rig
1010:Deepwater Horizon oil spill
755:Esso Longford gas explosion
719:1992 Guadalajara explosions
520:pilot-operated relief valve
194:Coalworker's pneumoconiosis
23:Deepwater Horizon oil spill
2899:
2850:Peker, Emre (2014-05-14).
1995:Walker, J. Samuel (2004).
1239:Lac-Mégantic rail disaster
933:Viareggio train derailment
765:Olympic Pipeline Explosion
516:Three Mile Island accident
301:
2227:The Sydney Morning Herald
1876:10.1080/10807030802387556
1782:"Injury Trends in Mining"
1591:World Health Organization
1464:"Energy and Human Health"
1448:36 (2008), pp. 1802–1820.
1197:, a road tanker carrying
1139:, caught fire during the
807:, kills 8 and injuries 2.
596:31 to 50 first responders
324:List of boiler explosions
298:Selected energy accidents
243:World Health Organization
172:Chernobyl nuclear reactor
2680:
2184:Ben Quinn (2014-05-14).
1849:"Air quality and health"
1832:"Harvard Kennedy School"
1038:occurred in a suburb of
958:Jaipur (Indian Oil) Fire
605:Chernobyl Exclusion Zone
600:acute radiation syndrome
370:Courrières mine disaster
2856:The Wall Street Journal
2584:Carlos Manuel Rodriguez
1921:Environ Health Perspect
1649:10.1073/pnas.1819989116
1593:, ed. (25 March 2014).
1257:Soma coal mine disaster
1125:Cosmo Oil Refinery Fire
997:Middletown, Connecticut
937:Liquefied Petroleum Gas
841:Nishapur train disaster
675:environmental disasters
607:, covering portions of
410:Centralia, Pennsylvania
362:Japanese occupied China
160:NNPC petroleum pipeline
154:in 1975 washed out the
1164:in history, after the
1141:2011 Tōhoku earthquake
777:, kills a family of 4.
659:Long Beach, California
645:Exxon Valdez oil spill
366:history of coal mining
287:found that coal, oil,
273:Exxon Valdez oil spill
139:
128:
46:
26:
1460:Balakrishnan, Kalpana
1174:difficult cleanup job
234:and directly emitted
134:
126:
32:
21:
2777:. February 11, 2013.
2334:on December 25, 2009
1440:Benjamin K. Sovacool
1374:Great Smog of London
815:Derrybrien wind farm
663:Prince William Sound
636:Piper Alpha disaster
571:San Juanico Disaster
562:Romeoville, Illinois
396:Great Smog of London
289:Liquid petroleum gas
255:indoor air pollution
178:pollution released.
144:Benjamin K. Sovacool
90:Benjamin K. Sovacool
2813:on 29 November 2014
2643:on 23 December 2010
1904:retrieved 2012-1-11
1640:2019PNAS..116.7192L
1557:2013ERL.....8c4005S
1099:, was owned by the
935:, a train carrying
751:September 25, 1998:
681:, approximately 12
499:Betelgeuse incident
190:World Wildlife Fund
2688:] (in Chinese)
2610:The Globe and Mail
2167:2011-10-05 at the
2135:The New York Times
1702:10.1002/ajim.22316
1328:Lists of disasters
1323:List of oil spills
1166:Chernobyl disaster
1066:December 19, 2010:
1056:November 15, 2010:
1032:September 9, 2010:
964:November 23, 2009:
908:Sago mine disaster
895:December 11, 2005:
771:December 22, 1999:
729:explosions in the
709:Ufa train disaster
580:Chernobyl disaster
568:November 19, 1984:
549:February 15, 1982:
539:November 20, 1980:
472:Great Leap Forward
304:List of oil spills
277:Prestige oil spill
236:particulate matter
140:
129:
113:Particulate matter
74:Underground mining
47:
35:Soma mine disaster
27:
2008:978-0-520-23940-1
1891:, p. 968 onwards.
1634:(15): 7192–7197.
1601:on March 26, 2014
1356:Deepwater Horizon
1218:February 11, 2013
1205:October 29, 2012:
1046:November 3, 2010:
979:February 7, 2010:
837:February 18, 2004
781:November 5, 2000:
735:Lloyd's of London
626:catalytic cracker
533:Ixtoc I oil spill
279:(Spain), and the
241:According to the
56:Energy fatalities
2890:
2867:
2866:
2864:
2862:
2847:
2841:
2840:
2829:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2818:
2809:. Archived from
2803:
2797:
2796:
2785:
2779:
2778:
2767:
2761:
2756:
2750:
2749:
2747:
2745:
2734:
2728:
2727:
2715:
2709:
2708:
2696:
2690:
2689:
2678:YomiuriShimbun,
2675:
2669:
2668:
2659:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2648:
2628:
2622:
2621:
2619:
2617:
2601:
2595:
2594:
2592:
2590:
2575:
2566:
2565:
2554:
2548:
2547:
2535:
2529:
2528:
2526:
2524:
2504:
2498:
2497:
2495:
2494:
2479:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2469:
2454:
2448:
2447:
2445:
2443:
2428:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2418:
2406:
2400:
2399:
2397:
2395:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2371:
2369:
2350:
2344:
2343:
2341:
2339:
2324:
2318:
2317:
2306:
2300:
2299:
2298:. July 11, 2005.
2288:
2282:
2281:
2280:. June 20, 2003.
2270:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2249:
2243:
2237:
2231:
2230:
2229:. June 23, 2002.
2219:
2213:
2207:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2196:
2181:
2172:
2159:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2149:
2126:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2115:
2096:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2066:
2060:
2059:
2057:
2056:
2041:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2030:
2019:
2013:
2012:
1992:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1982:
1973:. Archived from
1966:
1960:
1959:
1954:. Archived from
1945:
1934:10.1289/ehp.6539
1911:
1905:
1900:New York Times.
1898:
1892:
1887:
1859:
1853:
1852:
1845:
1839:
1838:
1836:
1828:
1822:
1821:
1819:
1818:
1809:. Archived from
1803:
1797:
1796:
1794:
1793:
1784:. Archived from
1778:
1772:
1771:
1764:
1758:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1738:
1732:
1731:
1721:
1681:
1672:
1671:
1661:
1651:
1617:
1611:
1610:
1608:
1606:
1597:. Archived from
1587:
1581:
1580:
1578:
1568:
1535:
1526:
1525:
1518:
1509:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1491:
1455:
1449:
1437:
1422:
1415:
1406:
1400:
1162:nuclear disaster
1147:in World War II.
1137:Chiba Prefecture
955:29 October 2009:
904:January 2, 2006:
811:October 16, 2003
622:Norco, Louisiana
584:Prypiat, Ukraine
380:in the infamous
358:Benxihu Colliery
204:mining disasters
70:mining disasters
2898:
2897:
2893:
2892:
2891:
2889:
2888:
2887:
2873:
2872:
2871:
2870:
2860:
2858:
2849:
2848:
2844:
2831:
2830:
2826:
2816:
2814:
2805:
2804:
2800:
2787:
2786:
2782:
2769:
2768:
2764:
2757:
2753:
2743:
2741:
2736:
2735:
2731:
2717:
2716:
2712:
2698:
2697:
2693:
2682:
2677:
2676:
2672:
2661:
2660:
2656:
2646:
2644:
2630:
2629:
2625:
2615:
2613:
2603:
2602:
2598:
2588:
2586:
2577:
2576:
2569:
2556:
2555:
2551:
2544:The Independent
2537:
2536:
2532:
2522:
2520:
2513:Huffington Post
2506:
2505:
2501:
2492:
2490:
2481:
2480:
2476:
2467:
2465:
2456:
2455:
2451:
2441:
2439:
2438:on 11 June 2011
2430:
2429:
2425:
2416:
2414:
2408:
2407:
2403:
2393:
2391:
2382:
2381:
2377:
2367:
2365:
2352:
2351:
2347:
2337:
2335:
2326:
2325:
2321:
2308:
2307:
2303:
2290:
2289:
2285:
2272:
2271:
2267:
2257:
2255:
2251:
2250:
2246:
2238:
2234:
2221:
2220:
2216:
2208:
2204:
2194:
2192:
2183:
2182:
2175:
2169:Wayback Machine
2160:
2156:
2147:
2145:
2128:
2127:
2123:
2113:
2111:
2098:
2097:
2093:
2083:
2081:
2068:
2067:
2063:
2054:
2052:
2043:
2042:
2038:
2028:
2026:
2021:
2020:
2016:
2009:
1994:
1993:
1989:
1980:
1978:
1968:
1967:
1963:
1913:
1912:
1908:
1899:
1895:
1861:
1860:
1856:
1847:
1846:
1842:
1834:
1830:
1829:
1825:
1816:
1814:
1805:
1804:
1800:
1791:
1789:
1780:
1779:
1775:
1766:
1765:
1761:
1751:
1749:
1740:
1739:
1735:
1683:
1682:
1675:
1619:
1618:
1614:
1604:
1602:
1589:
1588:
1584:
1537:
1536:
1529:
1520:
1519:
1512:
1502:
1500:
1457:
1456:
1452:
1438:
1425:
1416:
1409:
1401:
1394:
1389:
1351:
1349:Specific events
1292:Coal-seam fires
1288:
1277:city street in
1273:occurring in a
1230:April 28, 2013:
1208:Hurricane Sandy
1079:in the city of
1007:April 20, 2010:
944:17 August 2009:
875:March 23, 2005:
851:March 16, 2004:
716:April 22, 1992:
642:March 24, 1989:
588:power excursion
577:April 26, 1986:
513:March 28, 1979:
495:January 8, 1979
478:March 16, 1978:
378:Möhne Reservoir
350:April 26, 1942:
346:
336:Mining accident
300:
264:
232:nitrogen oxides
168:steam explosion
121:
82:Open cut mining
72:is a long one.
52:energy accident
12:
11:
5:
2896:
2894:
2886:
2885:
2875:
2874:
2869:
2868:
2842:
2824:
2798:
2780:
2762:
2751:
2729:
2724:New York Times
2710:
2691:
2681:激しい火柱 千葉の製油所火災
2670:
2654:
2623:
2596:
2567:
2549:
2530:
2499:
2474:
2449:
2423:
2401:
2390:. 30 June 2009
2375:
2364:on 5 July 2009
2356:(in Italian).
2345:
2319:
2301:
2283:
2265:
2244:
2232:
2214:
2202:
2173:
2154:
2121:
2110:. May 17, 2006
2091:
2061:
2036:
2014:
2007:
1987:
1961:
1958:on 2008-10-14.
1906:
1893:
1854:
1840:
1823:
1798:
1773:
1759:
1733:
1696:(7): 847–856.
1673:
1612:
1582:
1527:
1510:
1474:(1): 159–188.
1450:
1423:
1407:
1391:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1384:
1383:
1377:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1287:
1284:
1283:
1282:
1275:Kaohsiung City
1264:
1250:
1233:
1227:
1221:
1215:
1202:
1189:
1183:
1180:March 21, 2011
1177:
1148:
1119:
1114:and resulting
1063:
1053:
1043:
1029:
1026:Gulf of Mexico
1014:Gulf of Mexico
1004:
993:combined cycle
976:
970:
961:
952:
940:
927:
917:
914:March 19, 2007
911:
901:
892:
889:July 11, 2005:
886:
872:
858:
848:
834:
808:
797:June 20, 2003:
794:
788:
778:
768:
761:June 10, 1999:
758:
748:
738:
713:
702:
639:
630:
616:
574:
565:
559:July 23, 1984:
556:
546:
536:
527:
510:
492:
475:
461:
442:
427:
424:Pepsi Coliseum
417:
403:
392:December 1952:
389:
354:dust explosion
299:
296:
275:(Alaska), The
263:
262:Economic costs
260:
228:sulfur dioxide
183:safety culture
120:
117:
61:Historically,
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2895:
2884:
2881:
2880:
2878:
2857:
2853:
2846:
2843:
2838:
2834:
2828:
2825:
2812:
2808:
2802:
2799:
2794:
2790:
2784:
2781:
2776:
2772:
2766:
2763:
2760:
2755:
2752:
2739:
2733:
2730:
2725:
2721:
2714:
2711:
2706:
2702:
2695:
2692:
2687:
2683:
2674:
2671:
2667:
2666:
2658:
2655:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2627:
2624:
2611:
2607:
2600:
2597:
2585:
2581:
2574:
2572:
2568:
2563:
2559:
2553:
2550:
2545:
2541:
2534:
2531:
2523:September 12,
2518:
2514:
2510:
2503:
2500:
2488:
2484:
2478:
2475:
2464:on 2010-02-10
2463:
2459:
2453:
2450:
2437:
2433:
2427:
2424:
2412:
2405:
2402:
2389:
2385:
2379:
2376:
2363:
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2355:
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2346:
2333:
2329:
2323:
2320:
2315:
2311:
2305:
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2297:
2293:
2287:
2284:
2279:
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2269:
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2248:
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2241:
2236:
2233:
2228:
2224:
2218:
2215:
2211:
2206:
2203:
2191:
2187:
2180:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2163:
2158:
2155:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2125:
2122:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2095:
2092:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2065:
2062:
2050:
2046:
2040:
2037:
2029:September 21,
2024:
2018:
2015:
2010:
2004:
2000:
1999:
1991:
1988:
1977:on 2008-10-27
1976:
1972:
1965:
1962:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1922:
1917:
1910:
1907:
1903:
1897:
1894:
1890:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1858:
1855:
1850:
1844:
1841:
1833:
1827:
1824:
1813:on 2014-04-06
1812:
1808:
1802:
1799:
1788:on 2013-04-17
1787:
1783:
1777:
1774:
1769:
1763:
1760:
1748:
1744:
1737:
1734:
1729:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
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1678:
1674:
1669:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1628:
1623:
1616:
1613:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1586:
1583:
1577:
1576:11250/2465267
1572:
1567:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1551:(3): 034005.
1550:
1546:
1542:
1534:
1532:
1528:
1523:
1517:
1515:
1511:
1499:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1454:
1451:
1447:
1446:
1445:Energy Policy
1441:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1414:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1399:
1397:
1393:
1386:
1382:December 2008
1381:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1353:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1285:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1237:
1236:July 6, 2013:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1224:April 5, 2013
1222:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1196:
1193:
1192:July 12, 2012
1190:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1113:
1112:gas explosion
1109:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1060:gas explosion
1057:
1054:
1051:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1040:San Francisco
1037:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1002:
1001:United States
998:
994:
991:
987:
983:
980:
977:
974:
971:
968:
965:
962:
959:
956:
953:
949:
945:
941:
938:
934:
931:
930:June 29, 2009
928:
925:
921:
920:July 18, 2007
918:
915:
912:
909:
905:
902:
899:
896:
893:
890:
887:
883:
879:
876:
873:
870:
866:
862:
861:May 11, 2004:
859:
856:
852:
849:
846:
842:
838:
835:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
809:
806:
802:
801:gas explosion
798:
795:
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683:river otters
650:Exxon Valdez
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2647:22 December
2616:22 December
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2442:13 February
2338:22 December
2258:15 November
2195:15 November
1752:22 December
1298:Dam failure
1253:13 May 2014
1151:March 2011:
1122:March 2011:
1108:drug cartel
821:'s largest
725:. Numerous
691:bald eagles
483:Amoco Cadiz
468:Banqiao Dam
454:supertanker
445:March 1967:
374:Banqiao dam
316:Dam failure
63:coal mining
2493:2010-05-27
2468:2011-01-04
2417:2010-02-07
2148:2016-06-10
2104:abc.net.au
2055:2010-05-24
1981:2008-10-07
1928:(1): 6–8.
1870:(5): 947.
1817:2013-04-21
1792:2013-04-21
1489:1885/29543
1387:References
1186:April 2011
1071:. A large
791:June 2002:
699:death rate
679:sea otters
667:Bligh Reef
657:bound for
655:oil tanker
613:ghost town
503:Bantry Bay
434:Vajont Dam
414:ghost town
382:dambusters
302:See also:
119:Fatalities
2793:Bloomberg
2707:. London.
2612:. Toronto
2546:. London.
2487:USA Today
2296:USA Today
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1888:See also
1884:110522982
1710:0271-3586
1605:12 August
1358:oil spill
1212:ConEdison
1210:caused a
1105:Los Zetas
1022:oil spill
783:The road
693:, and 22
671:crude oil
458:oil spill
406:May 1962:
164:predicted
2877:Category
2837:CBS News
2562:CBC News
2517:Archived
2278:RTÉ News
2165:Archived
2114:March 9,
2084:March 9,
2075:UNC/News
2049:BBC News
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1728:24634090
1668:30910976
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609:Belarus
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