237:
537:: This form of ethics has the maxim that the one acts are good or right, whose consequences are optimal for the welfare of all those affected by the action (principle of maximum happiness). In terms of energy management, the existence of external costs should be considered. They do not directly affect those who profit from the economic activity but non-participants like future generations. This error in the market mechanism can be solved by the
165:
161:
of dealing with the integration of energy management in the context of a successful facility management. In this topic the facility manager has to deal with economic, ecological, risk-based and quality-based targets. He tries to minimize the total cost of the energy-related processes (supply, distribution and use).
335:
Maintenance is the combination of all technical and administrative actions, including supervision actions, intended to retain an item in, or restore it to, a state in which it can perform a required function. Detailed maintenance is essential to support the energy management. Hereby power losses and
252:
between the point of origin and the point of destination in order to meet some requirements, for example of customers or corporations. Especially the core logistics task, transportation of the goods, can save costs and protect the environment through efficient energy management. The relevant factors
208:
ultra-low-energy standard, currently undergoing adoption in some other
European countries, has a maximum space heating requirement of 15 kWh/ma. A passive house is a very well insulated and virtually airtight building. It does not require a conventional heating system. It is heated by solar gain and
160:
and facilities without compromising work processes. Especially the availability and service life of the equipment and the ease of use should remain the same. The German
Facility Management Association (GEFMA e.V.) has published guidelines (e.g. GEFMA 124-1 and 124–2), which contain methods and ways
92:
It is important to integrate the energy management in the organizational structure, so that the energy management can be implemented. Responsibilities and the interaction of the decision makers should be regularized. The delegation of functions and competencies extend from the top management to the
83:
One of the initial steps for an effective energy cost control program is the base line energy assessment, which examines the pattern of existing energy usage by the government or any sub-entity of the government or private organization. This program will set the reference point for improvements in
284:
Besides transportation of goods, the transport of persons should be an important part of the logistic strategy of organizations. In case of business trips it is important to attract attention to the choice and the proportionality of the means of transport. It should be balanced whether a physical
439:(GM) strategy is based on continuous improvement. Furthermore, they have six principles: e.g. restoring and preserving the environment, reducing waste and pollutants, educating the public about environmental conservation, collaboration for the development of environmental laws and regulations.
302:
Production is the act of creating output, a good or service which has value and contributes to the utility of individuals. This central process may differ depending on the industry. Industrial companies have facilities that require a lot of energy. Service companies, in turn, do not need many
311:
Usually, production is the area with the largest energy consumption within an organization. Therefore, also the production planning and control becomes very important. It deals with the operational, temporal, quantitative and spatial planning, control and management of all processes that are
293:
Procurement is the acquisition of goods or services. Energy prices fluctuate constantly, which can significantly affect the energy bill of organizations. Therefore, poor energy procurement decisions can be expensive. Organizations can control and reduce energy costs by taking a proactive and
312:
necessary in the production of goods and commodities. The "production planner" should plan the production processes so that they operate in an energy efficient way. For example, a strong power consumer can be moved into the night time. Peaks should be avoided for the benefit of a unified
227:
In addition, the work regulations manage competencies, roles and responsibilities. Because the systems also include risk factors (e.g. oil tanks, gas lines), you must ensure that all tasks are clearly described and distributed. A clear regulation can help to avoid liability risks.
1197:
Johannes Kals: Business Ethics and
Corporate Energy Management, in: Karczewski, Leszek; Kretek, Henryk (eds): Odpowiedzialny biznes i konsumerysm wyzwaniem XXI Wieku (Responsible Business and Responsible Consumerism as a Challenge of the 21st Century), Polen, Raciborz 2012, p.
323:. In principle there is the possibility to store energy electrically, mechanically or chemically. Another trend-setting technology is lithium-based electrochemical storage, which can be used in electric vehicles or as an option to control the power grid. The German
460:(VW) is based on environmentally friendly products and a resource-efficient production according to the "Group Strategy 2018". Almost all locations of the Group are certified to the international standard ISO 14001 for environmental management systems.
374:. Furthermore, criteria for decisions on energy investments, such as yield expectations, are determined. By formulating an energy strategy companies have the opportunity to avoid risks and to assure a competitive advance against their business rivals.
344:
Through the energy efficiency it management is remain the key for the any industrial user across globe, to achieve the energy management goal for the federal government or industry the efficiency of water and energy resources play a vital role
199:
program is the largest program defining low-energy homes. Homes earning ENERGY STAR certification use at least 15% less energy than standard new homes built to the
International Residential Code, although homes typically achieve 20–30%
1051:
100:
It is advisable to establish a separate organizational unit "energy management" in large or energy-intensive companies. This unit supports the senior management and keeps track. It depends on the basic form of the
479:
decided in May 2011 to resign nuclear energy medium-dated. The nuclear power plants will be shut down at the end of life and will not be replaced. In
Compensation they put the focus on energy efficiency,
386:
Passive
Strategy: There is no systematic planning. The issue of energy and environmental management is not perceived as an independent field of action. The organization only deals with the most essential
527:, examines ethical principles and moral or ethical issues that arise in a business environment. Ethical standards can appear in company guidelines, energy and environmental policies or other documents.
449:
of products and operations and sets reduction targets accordingly. Furthermore, their environmental efforts is based on four key issues: substance management, energy efficiency, recycling, promoting
153:(IFMA), facility management is "a profession that encompasses multiple disciplines to ensure functionality of the built environment by integrating people, place, processes and technology."
804:
319:
The impending changes in the structure of energy production require an increasing demand for storage capacity. The
Production planning and control has to deal with the problem of limited
1078:
401:
Strategy of long-term profit maximization: This strategy includes that you have a high knowledge of the energy price and technology development. The relevant measures (for example,
327:
realized the significance of this topic and established an initiative with the aim to promote technological breakthroughs and support the rapid introduction of new energy storage.
1252:
1055:
303:
materials, their energy-related focus is mainly facility management or Green IT. Therefore, the energy-related focus has to be identified first, then evaluated and optimize.
285:
presence is mandatory or a telephone or video conference is just as useful. Home Office is another possibility in which the company can protect the environment indirectly.
1140:
157:
84:
energy efficiency. Energy efficiency can improve the existing energy usage and benchmarking of every individual section such as area, sub-area, and the industry.
150:
1223:
The
Building Controls and Energy Management Industry began with the energy crisis's of the 1970s and specifically starting in 1973 with the first Arab embargo.
569:: "One should treat others as one would like others to treat oneself." Therefore, everyone should manage their duties and make an energy economic contribution.
324:
58:
4602 released a definition which includes the economic dimension: "Energy management is the proactive, organized and systematic coordination of procurement,
759:
672:
467:
in mind. This is a form of propaganda in which green strategies are used to promote the opinion that an organization's aims are environmentally friendly.
420:
Realization of all financially attractive energy measures: This strategy has the goal to implement all measures that have a positive return on investment.
121:). In a divisional organization, there should be a central and several sector-specific energy management units. So the diverse needs of the individual
850:
704:
370:
A long-term energy strategy should be part of the overall strategy of a company. This strategy may include the objective of increasing the use of
808:
66:
and use of energy to meet the requirements, taking into account environmental and economic objectives". It is a systematic endeavor to optimize
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792:
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500:
934:
J. Kals, K. WĂĽrtenberger: IT-unterstĂĽtztes
Energiemanagement in: HMD - Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik HMD, Heft 285/2012, S. 73-81.
601:
253:
are the choice of means of transportation, duration and length of transportation and cooperation with logistics service providers.
1164:
J. Kals, K. WĂĽrtenberger: IT-unterstĂĽtztes
Energiemanagement in: HMD - Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik HMD, Heft 285/2012, p. 73.
236:
180:
per square meter per year (kWh/ma). Based on this key figure properties can be classified according to their energy consumption.
47:
503:
have to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 20% below 1990 levels, increase energy efficiency by 20% and achieve a 20% share of
435:
Many companies are trying to promote its image and time protect the climate through a proactive and public energy strategy.
1030:
294:
efficient approach to buying energy. Even a change of the energy source can be a profitable and eco-friendly alternative.
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738:
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874:
Kotler, P., Armstrong, G., Brown, L., and Adam, S. (2006) Marketing, 7th Ed. Pearson Education Australia/Prentice Hall.
595:
538:
55:
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565:: The deontological ethics assigns individuals and organizations certain obligations. A general example is the
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102:
43:
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for specific political, economic, and environmental objectives through Engineering and Management techniques.
884:
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106:
854:
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59:
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is an important part of energy management, because a huge proportion (average 25 per cent) of complete
445:
created its first climate strategy in 2006. The strategy tries to evaluate the energy consumption and
129:
the energy management can be included as a matrix function and thus approach most functions directly.
562:
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Maximum strategy: For the climate protection one is willing to change even the object of the company.
67:
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31:
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220:) over the course of a year than it imports from external sources. These buildings are called
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23:
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42:, while the users have permanent access to the energy they need. It is connected closely to
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409:) can have durations of several decades. Moreover, these measures can help to improve the
261:
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When looking at the energy strategies of companies it is important to you have the topic
728:"Features of ENERGY STAR Qualified New Homes." - EnergyStar.gov, Retrieved 7 March 2008.
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394:: The management is concentrating exclusively on measures that have a relatively short
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Examples of how it is possible to save energy and costs with the help of maintenance:
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and the coordination between the branches and the head office can be fulfilled. In a
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has clear instructions for its members. The "20-20-20-targets" include, that the
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Optimizing physical logistics processes by providing a sophisticated IT support
783:
Johannes Kals: Betriebliches Energiemanagement - Eine Einführung, p. 75 – 77,
457:
414:
245:
113:) and the second hierarchical level (corporate functions such as production,
249:
118:
51:
551:: This fundamental ethical idea says that everyone who is affected by the
556:
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Formation of corporate networks, which are connected by logistics service
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16:
Planning and operation of energy production and energy consumption units
398:
and a high return. Measures with low profitability are not considered.
172:
uses a combination of low-energy building techniques and technologies.
520:
39:
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Shift to ecofriendly transport carrier such as railroad and waterway
651:
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In reality, you usually find hybrid forms of different strategies.
442:
410:
235:
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There are also buildings that produce more energy (for example by
163:
30:
units as well as energy distribution and storage. Objectives are
587:– specialized degree for those working in the petroleum industry
530:
The most relevant ethical ideas for the energy management are:
555:, must be involved in decision making. This is done in a fair
110:
382:
According to Kals there are the following energy strategies:
267:
Possible courses of action in terms of green logistics are:
519:
and the related ethical standards applying in the company.
640:
VDI-Guideline VDI 4602, page 3, Beuth Verlag, Berlin 2007.
209:
internal gains from people. Energy losses are minimized.
673:"GEFMA: Energiemanagement Grundlagen und Leistungsbild"
475:
Even many countries formulate energy strategies. The
158:
reduce costs for the provision of energy in buildings
511:
Ethical and normative basis of the energy strategies
188:
can have a maximum energy consumption of 70 kWh/ma.
1193:
1191:
1175:Betriebliches Energiemanagement - Eine EinfĂĽhrung.
966:Betriebliches Energiemanagement - Eine EinfĂĽhrung.
945:Betriebliches Energiemanagement - Eine EinfĂĽhrung.
830:Betriebliches Energiemanagement - Eine EinfĂĽhrung.
176:The most important key figure in this context is
1143:(in German). Bmwi.de. 2012-07-04. Archived from
256:The logistics causes more than 14% percent of CO
109:the unit is located directly between the first (
807:. Iml.fraunhofer.de. 2013-12-20. Archived from
93:executive worker. Furthermore, a comprehensive
904:British Standard Glossary of terms (3811:1993)
613:Management of energy in a particular context:
260:emissions worldwide. For this reason the term
54:and other established business functions. The
151:International Facility Management Association
105:, where this unit is connected. In case of a
8:
325:Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology
156:The central task of energy management is to
1253:Sustainability and environmental management
1118:. Bfe.admin.ch. 2013-12-12. Archived from
707:. Energy20.net. 2010-02-03. Archived from
515:The basis of every energy strategy is the
133:Energy management in operational functions
97:can ensure the fulfillment of the tasks.
652:"Brief History of Energy Management ..."
853:. Energieagentur.nrw.de. Archived from
633:
355:Check the barometer of cars and trucks
559:, the result is completely uncertain.
507:in total energy consumption by 2020.
7:
762:. Plusenergiehaus.de. Archived from
264:is becoming increasingly important.
361:Improve leaks in building envelopes
149:are energy costs. According to the
22:includes planning and operation of
1054:. Volkswagenag.com. Archived from
655:Energy Management Research Journal
14:
602:Federal Energy Management Program
887:(in German). Bmwi.de. 2012-04-24
805:"retrieved on November 10, 2012"
650:Elahee, Mohammad Khalil (2019).
488:sources and the development of
336:cost increases can be avoided.
307:Production planning and control
917:. Ps-consulting.de. 2013-11-21
431:Energy strategies of companies
79:Base line of energy assessment
1:
1029:Global Change country.
1007:Global Change country.
471:Energy strategies of politics
1177:Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2010,
1141:"retrieved 14 December 2012"
1116:"retrieved 14 December 2012"
1052:"retrieved 22 December 2012"
1031:"retrieved 22 December 2012"
1009:"retrieved 22 December 2012"
987:"retrieved 21 December 2012"
968:Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2010,
947:Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2010,
915:"retrieved 12 November 2012"
851:"retrieved 10 November 2012"
832:Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2010,
451:environmental sustainability
1095:"retrieved 16 January 2013"
1076:retrieved 22 December 2012.
885:"retrieved 6 December 2012"
760:"retrieved 3 December 2012"
739:"retrieved 8 December 2012"
596:Energy storage as a service
378:Potential energy strategies
340:Energy management challenge
274:Route and load optimization
1274:
1081:November 14, 2012, at the
585:Energy management (degree)
88:Organizational integration
705:"viewed 10 November 2012"
358:Insulation of hot systems
623:Marine energy management
591:Energy management system
580:Energy demand management
447:greenhouse gas emissions
103:organizational structure
44:environmental management
1097:. Greenwashingindex.com
618:Hotel energy management
609:– by electrical devices
456:The energy strategy of
390:Strategy of short-term
107:functional organization
241:
191:North America: In the
173:
477:Swiss Federal Council
321:storability of energy
239:
184:Europe: In Germany a
167:
48:production management
32:resource conservation
989:. Gm.com. 2012-01-13
766:on 26 September 2014
563:Deontological ethics
549:Argumentation Ethics
218:photovoltaic systems
1243:Energy conservation
392:profit maximization
352:Defrost the fridges
214:solar water heating
204:In comparison, the
143:Facility management
138:Facility management
127:matrix organization
787:, Stuttgart 2010,
523:, in the sense of
482:renewable energies
372:renewable energies
289:Energy procurement
242:
222:energy-plus-houses
174:
36:climate protection
28:energy consumption
1248:Energy efficiency
1213:. The Totus Group
1183:978-3-17-021133-9
974:978-3-17-021133-9
953:978-3-17-021133-9
838:978-3-17-021133-9
793:978-3-17-021133-9
785:Kohlhammer Verlag
517:corporate culture
417:of the employees.
413:and increase the
366:Energy strategies
244:Logistics is the
240:Carriage of goods
74:Energy efficiency
68:energy efficiency
24:energy production
20:Energy management
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741:. Passiv.de
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567:Golden Rule
490:water power
331:Maintenance
197:ENERGY STAR
115:procurement
1232:Categories
1151:2013-12-31
1126:2013-12-31
1101:2013-12-31
1062:2013-12-31
1037:2013-12-31
1015:2013-12-31
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861:2013-12-31
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770:2013-12-31
745:2013-12-31
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629:References
458:Volkswagen
415:motivation
298:Production
246:management
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1258:Logistics
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387:subjects.
250:resources
232:Logistics
119:marketing
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557:dialogue
553:decision
200:savings.
598:(ESaaS)
123:sectors
1238:Energy
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683:(PDF)
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443:Nokia
411:image
1219:2018
1179:ISBN
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