52:
363:'s student union. This led to the first public university protest against the Francoist regime, and following a clash with Falangist activists they were arrested along with other opposing figures. This incident led to the destitution of Education Minister
511:
was reported in the press to have been the most difficult of the round as he had expected to receive a different portfolio and his expression was of "disbelief mixed with anger" after realizing he would not.
441:
and managing the process, which was finally sealed in 1986. Múgica was highly attached to Israel and as a Jew he felt proud to be "part of a people always in search of freedom and wisdom", listing Spain, the
1422:
744:
387:
Múgica was elected as a deputy for PSOE in the
Congress, where he would serve for the next 23 years. In the late 1970s he additionally served as PSOE's Secretary for Political Relations. In 1980 he and
1187:
1462:
1417:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
973:
Ley Orgánica 7/1988, de 28 de diciembre, de los
Juzgados de lo Penal, y por la que se modifican diversos preceptos de las Leyes Orgánica del Poder Judicial y de Enjuiciamiento Criminal.
856:
542:
except for the clause allowing girls between the age of 16 – 18 to abort without the knowledge or authorisation of their parents, and expressed that he didn't "give a damn about being
504:
as quoted: "Have they installed kitchens in the new offices?". Múgica apologized to those offended while defending his comment as a joke, which De
Palacio harshly criticized.
1502:
1482:
1245:
301:
371:
for losing the grip on the student body, and the start of the organized university protest movement. For his actions Múgica was imprisoned for three months in
1159:
408:–PSOE coalition led by an independent figure but didn't propose himself nor anyone else from the military for such role. Months later Armada took part in the
51:
196:
987:
667:
610:
1397:
520:
Múgica left PSOE in 2000 after being chosen as Spain's ombudsman. He was the first ombudsman to serve for two terms, extending his service until 2010.
1487:
1497:
1492:
416:
1276:
1140:
1407:
433:
In 1979 he was a founding executive of the
Amistad España–Israel association, and he and his brother Fernando had a leading role in convincing
1108:
443:
562:, arguing that it was Palestinian terrorism that "legitimized the fence", which generated great controversy due to the position he held.
1402:
430:
recognized in his book that Armada contemplated Múgica as
Minister of Health in the hypothetical government that emerged from the coup.
258:
501:
426:
replaced by a democratically leaning military. Múgica denied such claim as a "made up fancy". Commanding officer involved in the coup
356:
578:
951:
543:
405:
566:
474:
401:
360:
281:
884:
1352:
726:
348:
1338:
975:
574:
384:
168:
554:
During his ten-year service Múgica remained outspoken in political matters. In 2004, he defended the construction of the
1369:
1328:
297:
293:
175:
1412:
111:
438:
1477:
1213:
1188:"Parlamentarios en defensa de los animales piden la comparecencia de Múgica por llamar "tontos" a los antitaurinos"
861:
364:
555:
524:
489:
794:"Enrique Mugica: "En mi entrevista con Armada no se mencionó el nombre de ningún militar como jefe de Gobierno""
618:
355:
and Ramón
Tamames wrote a manifesto calling to a National University Congress not subjected to the authority of
347:
Despite allegedly not being a communist, his opposition to the
Francoist system led Múgica to join the outlawed
1321:
156:
482:
422:
claimed in the second volume of his memories that in 1980 Múgica had proposed to him to have Prime
Minister
236:
1122:
857:"Múgica califica de "ocurrencia inventada" que propusiese a Pujol sustituir a Adolfo Suárez por un militar"
640:
336:
1291:
1003:
1472:
825:
570:
427:
1096:
El
Congreso reelige a Enrique Múgica como Defensor del Pueblo tras el acuerdo alcanzado entre PSOE y PP
527:
in schools in order to improve the classroom environment, arguing that students addressing teachers as
1032:
972:
1467:
1392:
1387:
1296:
1080:
1008:
559:
368:
1062:
793:
777:
696:
1217:
1124:
El
Defensor del Pueblo propone erradicar el tuteo en las aulas para acabar con la violencia escolar
1094:
746:
Fallece Enrique Múgica Herzog, ex ministro de Justicia y Defensor del Pueblo, a los 88 años de edad
455:
463:
459:
372:
1037:
913:
La España contemporánea y la cuestión judía: retejiendo los hilos de la memoria y de la historia
798:
732:
508:
434:
144:
889:
762:
569:(against which he filed an appeal of unconstitutionality) in 2006, his statements against the
539:
493:
324:
305:
63:
1222:
672:
497:
478:
423:
389:
312:
228:
277:
988:
Fallece por coronavirus el exministro de Justicia y exDefensor del Pueblo, Enrique Múgica
393:
352:
284:(PSOE), in Franco's time. He managed the establishment of diplomatic relations between
1381:
1278:
En la muerte de Enrique Múgica: un hombre clave en la dispersión de los presos de ETA
1164:
1146:
750:
565:
Likewise his controversy with the anti-bullfighting movement, his disapproval of the
400:'s mayor Antonio Ciurana. According to Múgica, Armada was "deeply worried" about the
332:
320:
132:
84:
1246:"Múgica avisa del riesgo de que utilicen la ley "los manipuladores de la discordia""
507:
He was dismissed in March 1991 along with several other ministers. His meeting with
1218:"El Defensor del Pueblo recurre el Estatut catalán ante el Tribunal Constitucional"
485:
to destabilize the democratic state and being supported by radicals and violent ".
22:
1250:
419:
1128:
1068:
830:
701:
481:, admonishing them that the full weight of law would fall on them for "using
1359:
454:
Múgica was the first Jew to take part in the Spanish government since the
590:
316:
232:
1033:"Múgica entona el 'mea culpa' en el Congreso por su comentario machista"
273:(20 February 1932 – 11 April 2020) was a Spanish lawyer and politician.
1255:
577:
would later amend) or opposition to contacts between the government of
26:
1292:"Muere Enrique Múgica, ex ministro de Justicia y Defensor del Pueblo"
764:
Toda España era una cárcel. Por Rodolfo Serrano y Daniel Serrano (VI)
397:
328:
289:
925:
466:
were approved, and the penal reforms leading to the creation of the
280:, he spent three years in prison. He was one of the leaders of the
1042:
835:
803:
706:
351:
in 1953, where he remained for a decade. In February 1956 Múgica,
285:
535:
doesn't imply a "breach" in their relation but "mutual respect".
668:"Enrique Múgica: "No supe que era judío hasta los 14 ó 15 años""
409:
885:"Los ministros de izquierdas que Armada llevaba en su guerrera"
1082:
Enrique Múgica será reelegido defensor del pueblo hasta 2010.
952:"Minister in Spanish Government First Jew Since Inquisition'"
826:"Alfonso Armada, one of the leaders of the failed 1981 coup"
1110:
Múgica cesa como Defensor del Pueblo al expirar su mandato
695:
Barbería, Jose Luis; Intxausti, Aurora (7 February 1996).
573:, his refusal to appeal the Aliens Act of 2000 (which the
500:'s petition to increase the female representation in the
1160:"El Defensor del Pueblo defiende el muro de Cisjordania"
1423:
Members of the constituent Congress of Deputies (Spain)
926:"The Basque Jew, Catalan King and Shoemaker's Adviser"
1142:
Múgica: "Me importa tres cominos que me excomulguen"
1004:"Múgica, testigo de un PSOE que pasó a la historia"
779:
Prisión de Carabanchel: un pasado en blanco y negro
254:
242:
211:
206:
192:
174:
162:
150:
138:
128:
110:
100:
90:
80:
62:
42:
697:"ETA mata de un tiro en la nuca a Fernando Múgica"
367:, the decline of SEU which was sidelined from the
379:Transition to democracy and first PSOE government
1463:Recipients of the Order of Isabella the Catholic
728:Enrique Múgica, la soledad del corredor de fondo
1458:Members of the 7th Congress of Deputies (Spain)
1453:Members of the 6th Congress of Deputies (Spain)
1448:Members of the 5th Congress of Deputies (Spain)
1443:Members of the 4th Congress of Deputies (Spain)
1438:Members of the 3rd Congress of Deputies (Spain)
1433:Members of the 2nd Congress of Deputies (Spain)
1428:Members of the 1st Congress of Deputies (Spain)
33: and the second or maternal family name is
335:origin. His brother Fernando was murdered by
8:
1418:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party politicians
488:In September 1990 he was questioned in the
1503:Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain
1346:
1315:
589:Enrique Múgica died on 10 April 2020 from
50:
39:
16:Spanish lawyer and politician (1932–2020)
954:. Jewish Telegraph Agency. 20 March 2015
1483:Spanish people of French-Jewish descent
602:
458:. Under his tenure the law regulating
124:12 July 1988 – 12 March 1991
7:
1031:Alfaro, Emilio (27 September 1990).
404:and terrorism and asked them for an
323:violinist who was killed during the
76:15 June 2000 – 30 June 2010
824:Prieto, Joaquín (3 December 2013).
666:Alonso, Mariano (14 January 2014).
1370:María Luisa Cava de Llano y Carrió
176:Member of the Congress of Deputies
106:María Luisa Cava de Llano y Carrió
14:
792:Prieto, Joaquín (13 March 1981).
615:Sitio Web del Defensor del Pueblo
446:and Israel as his "three loves".
1488:Spanish people of Polish descent
567:Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia
502:General Council of the Judiciary
439:diplomatic relations with Israel
1498:Spanish prisoners and detainees
1493:People of Polish-Jewish descent
1360:Defensor del Pueblo (Ombudsman)
1002:Rojo, Alfonso (10 April 2020).
292:. He was a member of the PSOE,
1398:Politicians from San Sebastián
1194:(in Spanish). 16 December 2008
1:
1408:Government ministers of Spain
645:Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia
464:demarcation and judicial plan
1329:Ministry of Justice of Spain
865:(in Spanish). 6 October 2009
768:Punto Crítico, 16 April 2017
617:(in Spanish). Archived from
579:José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero
477:against the then compulsory
25:, the first or paternal
1353:Fernando Álvarez de Miranda
1300:(in Spanish). 11 April 2020
834:(online ed.). Madrid:
1519:
1403:Justice ministers of Spain
1339:Tomás de la Quadra-Salcedo
1168:(in Spanish). 2 March 2004
976:Boletín Oficial del Estado
496:for allegedly replying to
410:1981 attempted coup d'état
385:first democratic elections
169:Tomás de la Quadra-Salcedo
20:
1366:
1357:
1349:
1335:
1326:
1318:
782:El País, 19 November 1998
556:Israeli West Bank barrier
264:
202:
181:
117:
69:
58:
49:
1322:Fernando Ledesma Bartret
641:"Múgica Herzog, Enrique"
396:in a lunch organized by
157:Fernando Ledesma Bartret
611:"Enrique Múgica Herzog"
550:Political controversies
483:conscientious objection
473:He harshly opposed the
282:Spanish Socialist Party
1099:El Mundo, 28 June 2005
1064:Historia de una crisis
475:insubordinate movement
1281:ABC.es, 12 April 2020
1216:(19 September 2006).
571:Historical Memory Law
523:He favored restoring
428:Ricardo Pardo Zancada
327:and his mother was a
271:Enrique Múgica Herzog
216:Enrique Múgica Herzog
1085:El País, 27 May 2005
911:Danielle Rozenberg,
575:Constitutional Court
560:Government of Israel
490:Congress of Deputies
468:Juzgados de lo Penal
365:Joaquín Ruiz-Giménez
96:Antonio Rovira Viñas
460:anonymous societies
319:. His father was a
294:Minister of Justice
112:Minister of Justice
1413:Ombudsmen in Spain
1149:, 25 November 2009
1113:RTVE, 30 June 2010
941:, 12 November 2007
893:. 22 February 2016
470:were carried out.
373:Carabanchel Prison
339:in February 1996.
64:Ombudsman of Spain
1478:Jewish socialists
1376:
1375:
1367:Succeeded by
1345:
1344:
1336:Succeeded by
540:2010 Abortion Law
538:He supported the
494:Loyola de Palacio
417:Catalan President
402:autonomous system
268:
267:
1510:
1350:Preceded by
1347:
1319:Preceded by
1316:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1305:
1288:
1282:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1242:
1236:
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1233:
1231:
1210:
1204:
1203:
1201:
1199:
1184:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1156:
1150:
1138:
1132:
1120:
1114:
1106:
1100:
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1086:
1078:
1072:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1028:
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1021:
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999:
993:
992:
985:
979:
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961:
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948:
942:
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936:
922:
916:
909:
903:
902:
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847:
846:
844:
842:
821:
815:
814:
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789:
783:
775:
769:
760:
754:
742:
736:
724:
718:
717:
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692:
686:
685:
683:
681:
673:Libertad Digital
663:
657:
656:
654:
652:
637:
631:
630:
628:
626:
621:on 12 April 2011
607:
546:or not" for it.
498:Cristina Alberdi
479:military service
450:Justice Minister
249:
237:Spanish Republic
226:20 February 1932
225:
223:
207:Personal details
186:
165:
153:
141:
122:
103:
93:
74:
54:
40:
1518:
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1513:
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1511:
1509:
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1507:
1378:
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1372:
1363:
1355:
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1324:
1314:
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1303:
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1290:
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1229:
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1211:
1207:
1197:
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1186:
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1181:
1171:
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1158:
1157:
1153:
1139:
1135:
1121:
1117:
1107:
1103:
1093:
1089:
1079:
1075:
1071:, 12 March 1991
1061:
1057:
1047:
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1030:
1029:
1025:
1015:
1013:
1001:
1000:
996:
990:
986:
982:
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934:
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883:
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866:
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838:
823:
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791:
790:
786:
776:
772:
761:
757:
753:, 11 April 2020
743:
739:
735:, 11 April 2020
725:
721:
711:
709:
694:
693:
689:
679:
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665:
664:
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648:
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624:
622:
609:
608:
604:
599:
587:
552:
518:
452:
435:Felipe González
415:In 2009 former
381:
345:
311:He was born in
304:1977–2000) and
278:Francoist Spain
276:An opponent of
255:Political party
247:
227:
221:
219:
218:
217:
187:
182:
163:
151:
145:Felipe González
139:
123:
118:
101:
91:
75:
70:
45:
38:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1516:
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1465:
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1415:
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1405:
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1356:
1351:
1343:
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1337:
1334:
1325:
1320:
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1311:
1283:
1269:
1258:. 31 July 2006
1254:(in Spanish).
1237:
1205:
1179:
1151:
1133:
1131:, 25 June 2007
1115:
1101:
1087:
1073:
1055:
1041:(in Spanish).
1023:
994:
980:
965:
943:
917:
904:
876:
848:
816:
802:(in Spanish).
784:
770:
755:
737:
719:
705:(in Spanish).
687:
658:
632:
601:
600:
598:
595:
586:
583:
551:
548:
544:excommunicated
525:formal address
517:
514:
451:
448:
444:Basque Country
394:Alfonso Armada
380:
377:
353:Javier Pradera
344:
341:
300:(representing
266:
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262:
261:
256:
252:
251:
250:(aged 88)
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147:
142:
140:Prime Minister
136:
135:
130:
126:
125:
115:
114:
108:
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94:
88:
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82:
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67:
66:
60:
59:
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55:
47:
46:
44:Enrique Múgica
43:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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1501:
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1224:
1219:
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1189:
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1167:
1166:
1165:La Vanguardia
1161:
1155:
1152:
1148:
1147:La Vanguardia
1144:
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1044:
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1024:
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1005:
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989:
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905:
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751:La Vanguardia
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659:
646:
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636:
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620:
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603:
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582:
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557:
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541:
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534:
530:
526:
521:
515:
513:
510:
505:
503:
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495:
491:
486:
484:
480:
476:
471:
469:
465:
461:
457:
449:
447:
445:
440:
437:to establish
436:
431:
429:
425:
424:Adolfo Suárez
421:
418:
413:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
390:Joan Reventós
386:
378:
376:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
342:
340:
338:
334:
333:Polish Jewish
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
313:San Sebastián
309:
308:(2000–2010).
307:
303:
299:
296:(1988–1991),
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
274:
272:
263:
260:
257:
253:
246:10 April 2020
245:
241:
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230:
229:San Sebastián
214:
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185:
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177:
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161:
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137:
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133:Juan Carlos I
131:
127:
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113:
109:
105:
99:
95:
89:
86:
85:Juan Carlos I
83:
79:
73:
68:
65:
61:
57:
53:
48:
41:
36:
32:
28:
24:
19:
1473:Spanish Jews
1358:
1327:
1302:. Retrieved
1295:
1286:
1277:
1272:
1260:. Retrieved
1249:
1240:
1228:. Retrieved
1226:(in Spanish)
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1393:2020 deaths
1388:1932 births
1192:Europapress
531:instead of
456:Inquisition
420:Jordi Pujol
369:Youth Front
329:Frenchwoman
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1382:Categories
1364:2000–2010
1333:1988–1991
841:4 November
831:elpais.com
597:References
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890:La Gaceta
581:and ETA.
516:Ombudsman
343:Francoism
325:Civil War
317:Guipúzcoa
306:Ombudsman
233:Guipúzcoa
188:1977–2000
184:In office
120:In office
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1304:11 April
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1262:11 April
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1223:El Mundo
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302:Gipuzkoa
197:Gipuzkoa
21:In this
1256:Vocento
1129:El País
1069:El País
1038:El País
930:Haaretz
799:El País
733:El País
702:El País
558:by the
383:In the
361:Falange
129:Monarch
81:Monarch
27:surname
398:Lleida
321:Basque
298:deputy
290:Israel
35:Herzog
31:Múgica
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836:PRISA
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585:Death
529:usted
286:Spain
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