139:—all produced heavy winds and rain in Haiti. Due to weak soil conditions throughout Haiti, the country's mountainous terrain, and the devastating coincidence of four storms within less than four weeks, valley and lowland areas throughout the country experienced massive flooding. Casualties proved difficult to count because the storm diminished human capacity and physical resources for such record keeping. Bodies continued to surface as the flood waters receded. A 10 September 2008 source listed 331 dead and 800,000 in need of humanitarian aid. The grim state of affairs produced by these storms was all the more life-threatening due to already high food and fuel prices that had caused a food crisis and political unrest in April 2008.
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In 1925, Haiti was lush, with 60% of its original forest covering the lands and mountainous regions. Since then, recent in-depth study of satellite imagery has erroneously concluded an estimate of <1% primary forest cover. Erosion has been severe in the mountainous areas. Most
Haitian logging is
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In the 19th century, arable land in the size of 15 hectares was distributed to farmers. It was inherited and divided by their children. In 1971, the average farm size was less than 1.5 hectares. To survive, the landowners had to overuse the land. It became infertile within a few years. The farmers
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Haiti faces key challenges in the water supply and sanitation sector. Notably, access to public services is very low, their quality is inadequate and public institutions remain very weak despite foreign aid and the government's declared intent to strengthen the sector's institutions. Foreign and
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is nearly so. The country's originally high biodiversity is due to its mountainous topography and fluctuating elevations in which each elevation harbors different microclimates. The country's varied scenery include lush green
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pushed peasants from hillside subsistence farms to search for work in Port-au-Prince, where the concentration of desperate people in slums contributed to the country's tragic history of civil strife.
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Hedges SB, Cohen WB, Timyan J, Yang Z. 2018. Haiti's biodiversity threatened by nearly complete loss of primary forest. Proc. Natl. Acad Sci. USA. 115(46):11850-11855
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92:-lined beaches. Since arrival of aboriginal man, the biodiversity of Haiti has been significantly diminished due to human exploitation. For example, the
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is home to more than 6,000 plants, of which 35% are endemic; and 220 species of birds. None of the birds are endemic to Haiti, but
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There were also major problems in 1999 with hurricanes, leaving 9,398 dead, 10,000 injured and at least 5,000 missing.
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moved to clear steeper hillsides and finally become unemployed. Eventually the shortage of arable land and rising
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skimmed the north coast of Haiti, leaving 3,006 people dead in flooding and mudslides, mostly in the city of
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Haiti was again pummeled by tropical storms in late August and early
September 2008. The storms—
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There have been great challenges to the environment and biodiversity of Haiti.
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Despite the large environmental crises, Haiti retains a very high amount of
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has caused periodic flooding, as seen on 17 September 2004.
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1082:List of revolutions and coups d'Ă©tat
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221:List of natural disasters in Haiti
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1220:LGBT rights
1139:Environment
1134:Earthquakes
1129:Departments
1060:2022 crisis
749:Puerto Rico
676:territories
622:Saint Lucia
557:El Salvador
65:soft corals
1530:Television
1495:Literature
1338:(currency)
1244:Parliament
1210:Government
1144:Hispaniola
744:Montserrat
739:Martinique
734:Guadeloupe
532:Costa Rica
359:2008-09-12
334:2008-09-12
314:2010-01-14
289:2006-09-18
252:2010-01-14
232:References
77:Hispaniola
1510:Mythology
1478:Languages
1425:Squatting
1395:Education
1359:Transport
1266:President
1200:Elections
1092:Geography
984:1820–1849
979:1806–1820
975:Republic
817:Caribbean
729:Greenland
652:Venezuela
597:Nicaragua
567:Guatemala
487:Argentina
472:Sovereign
90:palm tree
1624:Category
1570:Category
1410:Religion
1232:Military
1183:Politics
1164:Wildlife
1055:Gang war
892:Timeline
876:articles
684:Anguilla
632:Suriname
607:Paraguay
582:Honduras
542:Dominica
527:Colombia
497:Barbados
429:EIN News
210:See also
202:Haitian
170:charcoal
144:GonaĂŻves
118:GonaĂŻves
69:sea fans
1588:Portals
1554:Outline
1468:Cuisine
1440:Culture
1373:Society
1354:Tourism
1344:Poverty
1336:Gourde
1304:Economy
1149:Islands
971:Kingdom
941:Slavery
919:Maroons
884:History
714:Curaçao
699:Bonaire
694:Bermuda
647:Uruguay
587:Jamaica
562:Grenada
552:Ecuador
507:Bolivia
492:Bahamas
353:Reuters
57:sea fan
1575:Portal
1458:Cinema
1415:People
1405:Health
1249:Senate
1159:Rivers
1119:Cities
1114:Border
874:
602:Panama
592:Mexico
572:Guyana
517:Canada
512:Brazil
502:Belize
474:states
414:
1602:Haiti
1561:Index
1505:Music
1500:Media
1385:Crime
966:State
872:Haiti
689:Aruba
577:Haiti
522:Chile
133:Hanna
59:from
1473:Flag
1283:List
1271:List
754:Saba
674:and
612:Peru
537:Cuba
412:ISBN
204:NGOs
161:and
135:and
67:and
1448:Art
137:Ike
1626::
406:,
400:,
351:.
131:,
127:,
108:,
1590::
864:e
857:t
850:v
458:e
451:t
444:v
362:.
337:.
317:.
292:.
255:.
71:.
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