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seeds/cones were able to be categorized into three types depending on location and dispersal type. Species that utilize wind dispersal were found to have light, winged structures on seed cones whereas some species had colorful seed components were adapted to captivate the attention of birds, their main seed dispersal method. The cones/seeds of
Ephedra Nevadensis were found have components of both animal and wind dispersal. As with many various plant species, reproductive means of seed dispersal is directly influenced by external factors such as animal populations and climate conditions, the study indicated that Ephedra species are no exception to this principal.
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also scoring highest in
Ruminal pH. Results produced that Ephedra could be used as a grazing alternative but cannot be determined as exceptional in terms of nutrition or toxicity. In another study conducted to determine the toxicity of two different varieties of Ephedra (viridis, nevadensis) focusing on maternal and fetal toxicity in livestock, it was concluded that Ephedra Nevadensis showed no dietary abnormalities or signs of ailment or toxicity in both the material party and offspring.
416:
asthma where the stems have reportedly helped alleviate pain thus improving the overall condition of the patient. Although other known species of ephedra do contain ephedrine, Ephedra
Nevadensis does not produce this stimulant. This being said, this particular species of Ephedra can be utilized domestic settings to treat mild health conditions and alleviate discomfort but would likely not have a major impact in clinical settings with current knowledge about its biochemical composition.
77:
33:
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328:, with male plants growing in dryer areas and female plants growing in wetter ones, an arrangement which is believed to increase the production of seed. Cones mature and pollination occurs in March to June, with seeds ripening in May to August, although seeds are not produced every year. In the wild, seeds are often spread by
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The absence of foliage is beneficial when it comes to gamete dispersal. The feature of having less foliage creates a better means of allowing wind to carry pollen, allowing for a more predictable and systematic form of pollination to occur. Although not typically grazed on by smaller rodents and
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A study was conducted to determine a better understanding of the nutritional potency of
Ephedra Nevadensis compared Ephedra with orchardgrass hay (Dactylis glomerata) and cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum). It was determined that Ephedra scored second in terms of having the most ammoniacal nitrogen, while
293:
It serves as a non toxic grazing source to both wild and domestic live stock. It posses a various amount of medicinal properties that can be used in a domestic setting. Historically, it is known for its usage in Mormon communities as tea. A common misconception is that
Ephedra Nevadensis contains
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Typically the stems are harvested for their beneficial health effects which include helping combat fluid build up and purifying blood. It can be used to treat gonorrhea, early stages of syphilis, topical sores, kidney issues and symptoms associated with respiratory problems. One such condition is
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Ephedra
Nevadensis lacks the usual biological benefits of a biotic relationship compared to other native species of plants. Animals that would otherwise benefit from such relationship gleaning nutritional foliage such as leaves, or the nectar of flowering buds would be more inclined to stray away
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Ephedra
Nevadensis can grow across a vast variety of biomes including but not limited to shrub lands, desert climates, wooded areas as well as salty deserts. Growing in an arid climate does present threats to Ephedra Nevadensis. In particular, regional fires do sometimes occur but is not a common
311:
One study analyzed the reproductive ecology of various structures related to methods for seed dispersal across multiple ephedra species. The resulting conclusion was that across ten separate species located in the arid climate of southwestern north
America, structural diversity amongst the
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from this species of
Ephedra in instances of survival. In conjecture to this, the Ephedra species is much less capable of having other options of Cross-pollination such as insect pollination or any other form of Biotic pollination.
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event due to the lack of foliage that would serve as fuel. The plants ability to re-establish from such an occurrence is directly related to length of burning season and fire severity.
399:. Currently, its biggest use is as forage for sheep and cattle (it is not as good for horses), and for habitat restoration. It is sometimes grown for ornamental purposes. Among the
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290:. It is found in rocky and sandy soils, generally in areas without trees. It can be found in a variety of environments but predominately grows in desert climates.
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Keeler, Richard (January 1989). "Investigation of maternal and embryo/fetal toxicity of
Ephedra viridis and Ephedra nevadensis in sheep and cattle".
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Sampaio, C. B.; Marostegan de Paula, E.; Galoro da Silva, L.; Brandao, V.; Dai, X.; Shenkoru, T.; Perryman, B.; Faciola, A. (2017-08-01).
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614:"293 Nutritional evaluation of forage ephedra (Ephedra nevadensis) as an alternative forage using a dual-flow continuous culture system"
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332:, and for cultivation, seeds can readily be collected and sown. The plant can also be propagated via transplants and cuttings.
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insects, Ephedra Nevadensis is commonly grazed on by larger livestock such as cattle and sheep.
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Stevenson, Matilda Coxe 1915 Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians. SI-BAE Annual Report #30 (p. 49)
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770:"A Biophysical Perspective on the Pollination Biology of Ephedra nevadensis and E. trifurca"
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Hollander, Jennifer L.; Vander Wall, Stephen B.; Baguley, Jeffrey G. (2010-03-01).
591:(General Technical Report IITF-WB-1). International Institute of Tropical Forestry
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Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its Territories: Thamnic Descriptions
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657:"Ephedra nevadensis Mormon Tea, Nevada jointfir PFAF Plant Database"
503:"Ephedra nevadensis Mormon Tea, Nevada jointfir PFAF Plant Database"
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an infusion of the whole plant, except for the root, is taken for
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species, it is a significant forage plant. It is grazed upon by
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Biota of North America Program, 2013 county distribution map
226:
1871, illegitimate homonym, not Berland. ex C.A. Mey. 1846
711:"Evolution of seed dispersal in North American Ephedra"
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ephedrine, a known stimulant however this is not true.
692:
The Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association
1309:
Plants used in traditional Native American medicine
921:
768:
556:S. Watson, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts. 14: 298. 1879.
526:Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families,
473:Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families,
407:. They also use it to make a tea-like beverage.
259:native to dry areas of western North America.
8:
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1274:Flora of the Southwestern United States
698:(2): 11 – via Scientific Section.
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1304:Plants used in Native American cuisine
1279:Flora of the California desert regions
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307:Evolutionary History of Seed Dispersal
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1299:Natural history of the Mojave Desert
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1254:IUCN Red List least concern species
447:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
436:Bell, A. & Bachman, S. (2011).
391:was used for food and medicine by
14:
1205:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:383434-1
75:
339:More than other North American
1289:Flora of the Chihuahuan Desert
767:Niklas, Karl J. (2014-12-04).
1:
685:"A study of ephedra nevadsis"
580:"Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats."
375:Grazing Benefits and Toxicity
16:Species of seed-bearing shrub
1294:Flora of the Sonoran Deserts
818:Poisonous Plant Research Lab
585:. In John K. Francis (ed.).
1264:North American desert flora
896:Forest Service Fire Ecology
1325:
262:Its range extends west to
883:Jepson Manual Treatment:
787:10.1007/s12229-014-9148-9
735:10.1007/s10682-009-9309-1
683:Terry, RALPH (May 1927).
618:Journal of Animal Science
278:, including areas of the
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72:Scientific classification
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1284:Flora of the Great Basin
1269:Flora of Baja California
631:10.2527/asasann.2017.293
552:Flora of North America,
490:Ephedra antisyphilitica
475:Ephedra antisiphylitica
220:Ephedra antisyphilitica
488:Tropicos, search for
357:Antilocapra americana
904:— U.C. Photo gallery
775:The Botanical Review
715:Evolutionary Ecology
578:Stanley G. Kitchen.
411:Medicinal Properties
361:desert bighorn sheep
239:, commonly known as
891:USDA Plants Profile
727:2010EvEco..24..333H
454:: e.T201698A9167953
349:Odocoileus hemionus
42:Conservation status
953:Ephedra nevadensis
923:Ephedra nevadensis
902:Ephedra nevadensis
885:Ephedra nevadensis
554:Ephedra nevadensis
528:Ephedra nevadensis
440:Ephedra nevadensis
389:Ephedra nevadensis
324:Nevada ephedra is
255:, is a species of
236:Ephedra nevadensis
197:Ephedra nevadensis
179:E. nevadensis
25:Ephedra nevadensis
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1161:Open Tree of Life
915:Taxon identifiers
393:indigenous people
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316:Reproduction
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115:Gymnospermae
108:
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1259:Ephedraceae
1135:NatureServe
1070:iNaturalist
947:Wikispecies
458:20 February
401:Zuni people
286:and desert
280:Great Basin
155:Ephedraceae
1248:Categories
1179:kew-332996
1174:Plant List
971:Calflora:
666:2023-12-09
595:2008-08-24
512:2023-11-20
420:References
270:, east to
264:California
257:gymnosperm
249:Mormon tea
145:Ephedrales
135:Gnetopsida
125:Gnetophyta
121:Division:
1036:233500607
803:255561116
795:0006-8101
743:1573-8477
640:0021-8812
530:S. Watson
353:pronghorn
345:mule deer
288:Southwest
173:Species:
85:Kingdom:
1218:14300025
1213:Tropicos
1140:2.138666
1101:10594227
1088:383434-1
961:BioLib:
938:Q5382148
932:Wikidata
661:pfaf.org
507:pfaf.org
477:S.Watson
405:syphilis
212:Synonyms
151:Family:
62:IUCN 3.1
1049:2653311
1000:1156340
848:3899654
751:2005714
723:Bibcode
397:Mormons
359:), and
341:Ephedra
330:rodents
298:Ecology
224:S.Wats.
204:S.Wats.
166:Ephedra
161:Genus:
141:Order:
131:Class:
89:Plantae
60: (
1187:PLANTS
1153:191310
1127:201698
1114:502316
1062:316662
1023:ephnev
1020:FEIS:
964:211344
846:
801:
793:
749:
741:
638:
268:Oregon
1166:54058
1096:IRMNG
1075:76824
1013:EPENE
987:6FNH6
844:JSTOR
799:S2CID
747:S2CID
688:(PDF)
583:(PDF)
272:Texas
109:Clade
96:Clade
1200:POWO
1192:EPNE
1148:NCBI
1122:IUCN
1109:ITIS
1083:IPNI
1057:GRIN
1044:GBIF
1008:EPPO
974:2977
791:ISSN
739:ISSN
636:ISSN
460:2022
452:2011
384:Uses
266:and
251:and
1226:WFO
1031:FNA
995:EoL
982:CoL
834:hdl
826:doi
783:doi
731:doi
626:doi
351:),
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