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They are relatively large amphipods, with adults of the various species ranging from 0.8 to 8 cm (0.3–3.1 in) in head-and-body length. They are typically white, yellowish, orange, pinkish, red or purplish, and some have quite striking colour patterns. Some have a spiny crest along
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The newly hatched young resemble miniature versions of the adults (there is no larvae stage). They may climb onto their mother and stay with her for a period, but in other species they leave immediately.
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in
Southern Ocean. Nevertheless, many aspects of their life is poorly known, several new species have been described in the last decade and it is likely that several
862:
901:
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306:). Some are opportunistic feeders that will take a wide range of prey-types, while other species are specialists on one or a few prey types, like
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their mid-back and spines on their sides, which may serve as a protection against fish or serve as a "disruptive shape" (similar to
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A few species have been kept, bred and studied in cold-water (−1 to 1.5 °C or 30.2 to 34.7 °F) aquariums by scientists.
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is by far the most diverse genus in the family, has been the target of several studies and is considered among the most iconic
224:. In tropical and warm-temperate regions they only occur in deep, cold waters. The vast majority are generally slow-moving and
880:
738:
459:
Coleman, C.O.; J.K.. Lowry (2014). "Epimeria rafaeli sp. nov. (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Epimeriidae) from
Western Australia".
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334:. A few others were formerly included, but are now regarded as subgenera (not full genera) or placed in other families (
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The family includes both species that are widespread and species with small ranges (typically restricted to an island,
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488:"Cryptic species in a well-known habitat: applying taxonomics to the amphipod genus Epimeria (Crustacea, Peracarida)"
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to a depth of 5,695 m (18,684 ft), but overall mostly 150–2,500 m (490–8,200 ft) and in the
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Most species are predators or scavengers that feed on benthic invertebrates (such as small crustaceans,
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Beermann, J.; M.V. Westbury; M. Hofreiter; L. Hilgers; F. Deister; H. Neumann; M.J. Raupach (2018).
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428:"Epimeria of the Southern Ocean with notes on their relatives (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Eusiroidea)"
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243:), and very common species and rare species. Their abundance is often directly related to the
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546:(2 ed.). Frankfurt am Main: IKAN, Unterwasserarchiv. pp. 37–40.
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abundance: Where the epifauna is rich and diverse, so are
Epimeriidae.
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region, Indian Ocean, Atlantic Ocean (both north and south) and
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228:, but can move fast for short distance and a few species are
571:"Critter of the Week: Epimeria larsi, jewels of the deep"
726:, showing a photograph of a potentially new species of
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mostly 100–700 m (330–2,300 ft). The highest
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National
Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research
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remain. There is only a single species in the genus
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330:Two genera are placed in this family by the
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426:d'Udekem d'Acoz, C.; M.L. Verheye (2017).
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720:Antarctic Ice Breakups Reveal New Species
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192:found in cold oceans around the world.
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212:is in the Southern Ocean south of the
200:Members of this family range from the
374:With more than 80 described species,
7:
943:940B87A5-1A04-B702-309B-F9D63AFBF824
917:48839671-0299-4237-a7e3-b4fd01938ab5
340:in family Acanthonotozomellidae and
196:Distribution, habitat and abundance
14:
263:) that camouflages the amphipod.
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695:World Register of Marine Species
665:World Register of Marine Species
635:World Register of Marine Species
605:World Register of Marine Species
332:World Register of Marine Species
66:
1:
544:Crustacea: Guide of the World
432:European Journal of Taxonomy
346:in family Paramphithoidae).
1000:
504:10.1038/s41598-018-25225-x
473:10.11646/zootaxa.3873.3.2
169:
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63:Scientific classification
61:
57:Both are reddish in life
46:
37:
28:
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627:"Acanthonotozomellidae"
254:Appearance and behavior
261:disruptive colouration
542:Debelius, H. (2001).
214:Antarctic Convergence
16:Family of crustaceans
445:10.5852/ejt.2017.359
188:of relatively large
724:National Geographic
384:undescribed species
326:Taxonomy and genera
312:Epimeria parasitica
53:Epimeria parasitica
492:Scientific Reports
318:on sea cucumbers.
288:suspension feeders
48:Epimeria cornigera
984:Amphipod families
966:
965:
925:Open Tree of Life
751:Taxon identifiers
657:"Paramphithoidae"
553:978-3-931702-74-8
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232:or semi-pelagic.
222:Mediterranean Sea
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467:(3): 218–232.
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699:. Retrieved
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343:Paramphithoe
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304:foraminifers
300:radiolarians
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110:Malacostraca
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24:Epimeriidae
18:
850:iNaturalist
803:Epimeriidae
789:Epimeriidae
783:Wikispecies
759:Epimeriidae
739:Epimeriidae
498:(1): 6893.
356:Costa, 1851
284:polychaetes
182:Epimeriidae
150:Epimeriidae
126:Parvorder:
979:Gammaridea
973:Categories
701:21 October
671:21 October
641:21 October
611:21 October
581:21 October
394:References
290:that take
280:cnidarians
218:Magellanic
100:Arthropoda
367:Gurjanova
294:(such as
190:amphipods
120:Amphipoda
86:Kingdom:
80:Eukaryota
774:Q3933391
768:Wikidata
728:Epimeria
522:29720606
376:Epimeria
352:Epimeria
316:parasite
308:hydroids
292:plankton
245:epifauna
237:seamount
146:Family:
96:Phylum:
90:Animalia
76:Domain:
55:(below).
50:(above),
513:5931980
461:Zootaxa
296:diatoms
276:sponges
230:pelagic
226:benthic
171:2, see
116:Order:
106:Class:
956:101379
930:460293
914:NZOR:
907:176909
881:203102
868:106503
855:519101
697:. 2018
667:. 2018
637:. 2018
607:. 2018
577:(NIWA)
550:
520:
510:
369:, 1955
286:), or
186:family
164:Genera
157:, 1871
951:WoRMS
938:Plazi
863:IRMNG
829:7NHHM
691:WoRMS
661:WoRMS
631:WoRMS
601:WoRMS
314:is a
241:ridge
184:is a
155:Boeck
902:NCBI
876:ITIS
842:4433
837:GBIF
816:1599
811:BOLD
703:2018
673:2018
643:2018
613:2018
583:2018
548:ISBN
518:PMID
465:3873
380:taxa
302:and
282:and
173:text
889:NBN
824:CoL
798:AFD
722:at
508:PMC
500:doi
469:doi
440:doi
436:359
239:or
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562:^
530:^
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402:^
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270:,
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556:.
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496:8
475:.
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448:.
442::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
