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in
Finland, Major Aksel Kristian, in the spring of 1941 compiled a list of Estonians in Finland who wanted to liberate their homeland. Finnish intelligence subsequently recruited 15 volunteers and began training them on the island of Staffan in
118:. An agreement was reached that being in the service of the Finnish Army, Erna should give the oath of loyalty to Finland. Accordingly, on 24 July 1941, the 15 specially trained men and 52 volunteers took an oath of allegiance to Finland.
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was formed from the remnants of the original Erna platoon, with an additional 400 men, and dubbed "Erna II", but it was disbanded on 10 October 1941. With the end of the war a number of the original members of Erna continued
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in a fierce battle on 31 July to 1 August 1941. On 4 August, the platoon was ordered to cross the frontline and terminate their activities. A total of 32 men were lost, either killed or missing in action.
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Soviet propagandists claimed the original Erna team participated in the mass murder of Soviet political activists. These claims were revived in the 1980s as a way of distracting historians analysing the
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Schwarze, also joined the group. Erna was armed by and wore the uniform of the
Finnish Army. The two Germans in charge wanted Erna to pledge allegiance to the
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but it turned to saving around 2,000 civilians hiding in the Kautla woods by allowing them to escape while the outnumbered Erna force engaged Soviet
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43:. The unit was formed by Finnish military intelligence with the assistance of German military intelligence for reconnaissance operations.
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182:) was an annual international military exercise and competition, commemorating the action of 1941 and held from 1995.
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Russian MFA Information and Press
Department Commentary Regarding New Facts of Heroization of Nazism in Estonia
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The
Germans gave the group the name "Erna". Two German liaison officers, Oberleutnant Reinhardt and
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in 1940 hundreds of
Estonian men went to Finland rather than accept Soviet rule. The Estonian
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Estonian
Citizens in the German Armed Forces. Volunteers, Conscripts and Commandeered Troops
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140:. Another 17 team members were parachuted in on 28 July. The group's task was to perform
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with 42 men arriving onshore and hiding in the Kautla
Marshes 60 km south east of
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On the night of 10 July the platoon made a seaborne landing on the northern coast of
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in the 2000s. Russian authorities regard the commemorative Erna Raid as "heroizing
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unit of
Estonian volunteers that fulfilled reconnaissance duties in Estonia behind
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to establish a voluntary unit to go to
Estonia. The platoon commander was Colonel
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of the
Estonian Army, who had been the last Estonian military attaché to France.
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War in the Woods: Estonia's Struggle for Survival, 1944-1953
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War in the Woods: Estonia's Struggle for Survival, 1944-1953
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Finnish Army unit of Estonian volunteers during World War II
277:"Birth of the ERNA-organization and its operations in 1941"
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Military units and formations of Finland in World War II
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Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, July 30, 2007
453:Military units and formations established in 1941
95:. Estonians living in Finland were assembled in
448:Military history of Estonia during World War II
443:Military history of Finland during World War II
298:Germany's Eastern Front Allies(2): Baltic Force
50:Reconnaissance group Erna memorial plaque in
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336:pp. 170-172, Formation of the Erna Platoon,
170:activities against Soviet forces, becoming
338:Estonian State and People in World War 2
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372:Embassy in Tallinn; August 5, 2006:
21:Erna long-range reconnaissance group
300:, page 5. Osprey Publishing, 2002,
144:deep behind Red Army lines for the
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213:Finnish Infantry Regiment 200
59:Formation of the Erna platoon
190:, and have been repeated in
161:A battalion attached to the
87:invaded the Soviet Union in
65:Soviet occupation of Estonia
340:, Volume 5, Stockholm, 1957
150:NKVD Destruction Battalions
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296:C. Jurando, N Thomas PhD:
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374:ERNA RAID 2006 1–5 August
353:. Howells House, 1991,
320:. Howells House, 1991,
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247:May 23, 2010, at the
163:German 311th Infantry
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208:Detached Battalion 4
89:Operation Barbarossa
401:2009-08-27 at the
396:Tavaline stalinism
379:2007-09-27 at the
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128:Battle of Kautla
93:Continuation War
83:On 22 June 1941
69:military attaché
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281:. Retrieved
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146:Finnish Army
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108:Sonderführer
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85:Nazi Germany
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41:World War II
33:Finnish Army
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275:Jõgi, Ülo.
178:(Estonian:
432:Categories
283:2007-08-10
229:References
126:See also:
63:After the
407:Postimees
392:Mart Laar
223:Erna Raid
180:Erna retk
176:Erna Raid
168:guerrilla
157:Aftermath
54:, Finland
399:Archived
377:Archived
245:Archived
218:Ülo Jõgi
202:See also
97:Helsinki
37:Red Army
31:) was a
25:Estonian
370:British
196:fascism
138:Tallinn
134:Estonia
357:
324:
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174:. The
122:Action
116:Hitler
112:Führer
74:Soukka
78:Espoo
52:Espoo
355:ISBN
322:ISBN
302:ISBN
19:The
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255:^
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23:(
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