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Yes, we did work on improved guidance systems, but in late 1944 we were convinced that the war would soon be over before new systems could be used on military rockets. However, we were convinced that somehow our work would find application in the future rockets that would not aim at London, but at
338:. Stuhlinger served as director of the MSFC Space Science Laboratory from its formation in 1960 until 1968, and then was MSFC's associate director for science from 1968 to 1975. Among his many other works at Marshall, he directed early planning for lunar exploration, worked on the
319:. There was little time to develop and test automated guidance or staging systems, so Stuhlinger developed a simple spring-powered staging timer that was triggered from the ground. On the night of January 31, 1958, Stuhlinger was at the controls of the timer when the
224:
and was one of the few members of his unit to survive and make the long, on-foot retreat out of Russia in the cold of winter. Upon reaching German territory in 1943, Stuhlinger was ordered to the rocket development center in Peenemünde where he joined Dr.
253:. For the next decade, Stuhlinger and other von Braun team members worked on Army missiles, but they also devoted efforts in building an unofficial space capability. He eventually served as director of the Advanced Research Projects Division of the
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vapor and accelerate the positively charged ions through gridded electrodes. The spacecraft would be powered by one kilowatt of solar energy. He referred to the concept as a "sunship". He is considered as one of the pioneers of
389:(McGraw-Hill, New York, 1964). In 2005, he was honored by the Electric Rocket Propulsion Society, and awarded its highest honor "The Medal for Outstanding Achievement in Electric Propulsion", which was renamed the
357:, Africa, asking how billions of dollars could be spent for space research when so many children on the Earth were starving to death. Stuhlinger's thoughtful response is often cited to justify such expenditures.
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In 2004, when he was 90, Stuhlinger helped to raise funds to preserve a Saturn V rocket display at
Huntsville, Alabama. Ernst Stuhlinger died in Huntsville at age 94.
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Despite showing promise as a scientist, in 1941 Stuhlinger was drafted as a private in the German Army and sent to the
Russian front, where he was wounded during the
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145:(December 19, 1913 – May 25, 2008) was a German-American atomic, electrical, and rocket scientist. After being brought to the United States as part of
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through a cosmic ray sensor, a felicitous intersection with his early physics expertise, included in a science package supervised by
Stuhlinger.
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and UAH professor Donald Tarter for an oral history series. This hour-long review of their experiences has information on early space programs.
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408:. Ernst was especially proud of winning this award as an American scientist. During 1984-1989, he was also a senior research associate with
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was launched, triggering the device right on time. He became known as "the man with the golden finger." This satellite discovered the
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Stuhlinger was one of the first group of 126 scientists who emigrated to the United States with von Braun after World War II as part of
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Stuhlinger spent much of his spare time developing designs for solar-powered spacecraft. The most popular of those designs relied on
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is an established fact. Stuhlinger reiterated the point that their aim was ultimately peaceful. In a newspaper article he wrote:
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program during the war. Michael J. Neufeld has questioned this version, maintaining that knowledge of V-2 production using
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428:(Krieger Publishing, 1994). In it, Stuhlinger downplayed claims that von Braun had mistreated prisoners working on the
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After retiring from NASA in
January 1976, Stuhlinger became an adjunct professor and senior research scientist at the
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Dr. Ernst
Stuhlinger Recognition Collection, The University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections
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following von Braun's death) where he served as one of the five original directors for the observatory built inside
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On April 14, 1955, together with many other
Paperclip members, he became a naturalized United States citizen.
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Dr. Ernst
Stuhlinger Collection, The University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections
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In 1970, shortly after the first lunar landing, Stuhlinger received a letter from Sister Mary
Jucunda in
260:
In 1954, Stuhlinger assisted in the founding of the Rocket City
Astronomical Association (Renamed to the
1076:"Ernst Stuhlinger: Rocket scientist who helped the US become the leading space power - Obituaries, News"
463:
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205:. In 1939 to 1941, he worked in Berlin, on cosmic rays and nuclear physics as an assistant professor at
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Stuhlinger played a small but important role in the race to launch a US satellite after the success of
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German
Rocketeers in the Heart of Dixie: Making Sense of the Nazi Past During the Civil Rights Era
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241:. From 1945 to 1950 he primarily worked on guidance systems in US Army missile programs at
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229:'s team. For the remainder of the war, he worked in the field of guidance systems.
1145:"A Future in Space: Messages from the Beginning" (opens in Microsoft Media Player)
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that produced a wealth of information about the Sun, led planning for the three
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for long-endurance space flight, and a wide variety of scientific experiments.
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Stuhlinger, E. (1938). "Das Ionisierungsvermögen kosmischer Ultrastrahlen".
479:
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984:"The Disney-Von Braun Collaboration and Its Influence on Space Exploration"
587:
496:
Stuhlinger was interviewed in 1984 by fellow Operation Paperclip scientist
400:(UAH), holding this position for the next 20 years. In 1978, he was at the
606:
Stuhlinger, Ernst (2001). "Enabling technology for space transportation".
908:"Ernst Stuhlinger, 94, Rocket Designer - May 28, 2008 - The New York Sun"
702:"Ernst Stuhlinger, Rocket Scientist Crucial in Space Race, Is Dead at 94"
443:
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245:. In 1950, von Braun's team and the missile programs were transferred to
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in 1957. Stuhlinger worked as a technical consultant for these films.
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In 1960, the major part of ABMA was transferred to NASA, forming the
551:. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Archived from
649:
Tinsley, Frank (January 1956). "Flight to the Stars on Sun Power".
502:
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359:
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In the 1950s, Stuhlinger, along with von Braun, collaborated with
273:
1125:"Ernst Stuhlinger, NASA pioneer and rocket scientist, dies at 94"
1011:"Ernst Stuhlinger, space program pioneer, dies aged 94 - Science"
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having, among many contributions, authored the classic textbook
158:
936:. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. pp. 23–24.
429:
1212:
The Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, Astronomy, and Spaceflight
346:, and worked on the initial phases of what would become the
887:"Celestial irony between Mars and Stuhlinger | al.com"
213:) developing innovative nuclear detector instrumentation.
1224:, by Victoria Cumbow and Budd McLaughlin (May 26, 2008)
189:. At age 23, he earned his doctorate in physics at the
161:. He was also instrumental in the development of the
364:
Stuhlinger with models of ion spacecraft he designed
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Von Braun and Stuhlinger discuss particulars of the
845:(This is the publication reprising his PhD thesis.)
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588:"Humans to Mars: Fifty years of mission planning"
538:Belew, Leland F.; Ernst Stuhlinger (2004-08-06).
881:
879:
560:Cumbow, Victoria; Budd McLaughlin (2008-05-27).
542:. National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
1313:Academic staff of Technische Universität Berlin
478:, Director of the U.S. Space and Rocket Center
1100:"Von Braun no hero, but was a rocket genius,"
853:
851:
751:"Ernst Stuhlinger dies, was space age 'giant'"
664:"Ernst Stuhlinger: A Legend of the Space Age"
8:
1051:Von Braun: Dreamer of Space, Engineer of War
1218:Celestial irony between Mars and Stuhlinger
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424:collaborated on the two-volume biography
294:. Together, they produced three films,
1200:"Remembering Sputnik: Ernst Stuhlinger"
1009:James Wray and Ulf Stabe (2008-05-26).
910:. Nysun.com. 2008-05-28. Archived from
687:
1293:People from the Kingdom of Württemberg
595:Monographs in Aerospace History Series
577:NASA Historical Reference Collection.
446:dedication, 1999. From left to right:
344:High Energy Astronomical Observatories
426:Wernher von Braun: Crusader for Space
149:, he developed guidance systems with
109:; and a daughter, Susanne Schmidt of
7:
1273:German Army soldiers of World War II
1159:"Last rocketeers set sights on Mars"
579:"Ernst Stuhlinger biographical file"
1013:. Thetechherald.com. Archived from
700:John Noble Wilford (May 28, 2008).
586:Portree, David S. (February 2001).
398:University of Alabama in Huntsville
521:German rocket scientists in the US
14:
861:. Astronautix.com. Archived from
562:"Stuhlinger envisioned Mars path"
420:Starting in 1990, Stuhlinger and
157:, and later was a scientist with
1263:Engineers from Baden-Württemberg
1253:20th-century American physicists
662:Kieron Murphy (September 2008).
220:. Following this, he was in the
123:
1323:20th-century American inventors
1303:People from Huntsville, Alabama
782:. Daviddarling.info. 2007-02-01
780:"Stuhlinger, Ernst (1913-2008)"
610:. Vol. 1. pp. 73–74.
387:Ion Propulsion for Space Flight
262:Von Braun Astronomical Society
1:
1308:University of Tübingen alumni
1268:20th-century German inventors
1248:People from Main-Tauber-Kreis
393:shortly following his death.
255:Army Ballistic Missile Agency
211:Technische Universität Berlin
800:Mathematical Genealogy Entry
757:. 2008-05-26. Archived from
608:The Century of Space Science
549:"Ernst Stuhlinger Biography"
332:Marshall Space Flight Center
207:Technische Hochschule Berlin
1288:German spaceflight pioneers
1258:American nuclear physicists
1157:Maney, Kevin (2004-12-09).
1048:Michael J. Neufeld (2008).
986:. NASA MSFC. Archived from
624:10.1007/978-94-010-0320-9_3
507:MSFC Heritage Gallery, 2002
1339:
1127:. Usatoday.Com. 2008-05-27
960:. vbas.org. Archived from
410:Teledyne Brown Engineering
1283:German nuclear physicists
889:. Blog.al.com. 2008-05-26
136:
122:
28:
16:German-American scientist
1278:German rocket scientists
325:Van Allen radiation belt
93:Irmgard Lotze Stuhlinger
932:Laney, Monique (2015).
486:, and Ernst Stuhlinger.
422:Frederick I. Ordway III
280:nuclear electric rocket
173:Stuhlinger was born in
1114:. Retrieved 2012-02-06
1038:. Retrieved 2021-03-05
813:Zeitschrift für Physik
732:. London. May 30, 2008
676:on September 29, 2008.
581:. NASA History Office.
508:
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372:, which ionize either
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348:Hubble Space Telescope
340:Apollo Telescope Mount
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193:in 1936, working with
191:University of Tübingen
1054:. Random House, Inc.
540:"Skylab: A Guidebook"
506:
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458:, NASA Administrator
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266:Monte Sano State Park
1222:The Huntsville Times
1147:Retrieved 2012-02-08
1102:The Huntsville Times
1082:. London. 2008-06-11
1036:"Why Explore Space?"
755:The Huntsville Times
651:Mechanix Illustrated
566:The Huntsville Times
526:Gridded ion thruster
404:for six months on a
402:University of Munich
292:Walt Disney Pictures
222:Battle of Stalingrad
107:Monticello, Arkansas
105:, and Christoph, of
23:Dr. Ernst Stuhlinger
1318:Operation Paperclip
825:1938ZPhy..108..444S
616:2002css1.book...59S
547:Choueiri, Edgar Y.
484:Walter Haeussermann
406:Humboldt Fellowship
383:electric propulsion
336:Huntsville, Alabama
284:Walt Disney Studios
251:Huntsville, Alabama
239:Operation Paperclip
147:Operation Paperclip
74:Huntsville, Alabama
1193:2021-12-03 at the
1110:2008-05-31 at the
1034:Ernst Stuhlinger,
958:"How It All Began"
833:10.1007/BF01321924
726:"Ernst Stuhlinger"
706:The New York Times
509:
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233:Research scientist
35:Stuhlinger in 1962
1220:– Blog posted at
1061:978-0-307-38937-4
943:978-0-300-19803-4
633:978-0-7923-7196-0
498:Konrad Dannenberg
452:Konrad Dannenberg
243:Fort Bliss, Texas
227:Wernher von Braun
201:and his advisor
151:Wernher von Braun
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474:, MSFC Director
391:Stuhlinger Medal
303:Man and the Moon
247:Redstone Arsenal
218:Battle of Moscow
153:'s team for the
143:Ernst Stuhlinger
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85:German, American
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912:the original
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863:the original
859:"Stuhlinger"
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66:May 25, 2008
1298:NASA people
1243:2008 deaths
1238:1913 births
657:(1): 72–77.
472:Werner Dahm
464:Dick Gordon
203:Hans Geiger
183:Württemberg
101:Tilman, of
82:Nationality
1232:Categories
1165:2010-08-29
1131:2010-08-29
1086:2010-08-29
1021:2010-08-29
968:2014-09-14
918:2010-08-29
893:2010-08-29
869:2010-08-29
786:2010-08-29
765:2010-08-29
736:2010-08-29
711:2010-08-29
682:References
460:Dan Goldin
334:(MSFC) in
321:Explorer 1
199:Hans Bethe
195:Otto Haxel
179:Creglingen
163:ion engine
113:, Germany.
111:Heidenheim
47:1913-12-19
994:March 25,
841:123305644
730:The Times
642:120980982
492:the moon.
480:Mike Wing
416:Historian
317:Sputnik 1
257:(ABMA).
118:Signature
57:, Germany
1191:Archived
1108:Archived
515:See also
444:Saturn V
378:rubidium
98:Children
821:Bibcode
612:Bibcode
374:caesium
209:(today
187:Germany
155:US Army
1058:
940:
839:
640:
630:
355:Zambia
90:Spouse
837:S2CID
638:S2CID
591:(PDF)
132:Notes
1056:ISBN
996:2011
938:ISBN
628:ISBN
300:and
169:Life
159:NASA
63:Died
41:Born
829:doi
817:108
620:doi
430:V-2
376:or
282:at
249:at
181:),
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1202:,
1106:;
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878:^
850:^
835:.
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690:^
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655:56
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