127:
343:
234:
217:
140:
198:
97:
309:
178:
738:, played a major role in the pacification operation. Castro employed overwhelming force, at times sending in as many as 250,000 men, almost all of whom (including 3,500 out of the 4,000 government fatalities) were militia. The insurgency was eventually crushed by Castro's use of their vastly-superior numbers. Some of the insurgents ultimately surrendered but were immediately executed by firing squad. Only a handful managed to escape.
227:
290:
281:
272:
261:
160:
357:
689:
in the same area only a few years before (Morgan himself was executed in 1961, long before the resistance ended). Ramirez and Morgan were viewed by the United States as potential pro-democracy options for Cuba and sent CIA-trained Cuban exiles to promote and spread word of them being an alternative
709:
The main tactic of the Cuban government was to deploy thousands of troops against small groups of rebels, forming progressively-constricting rings of encirclement. The communist leaders that Castro sent to clear the
Escambray Mountains were ordered to exterminate the rebels. They were to "comb the
2164:
1104:
658:. Small landowning farmers, who disagreed with the socialist government's collectivization of Cuban farmlands also played a central role in the failed rebellion. The uprising was also secretly backed by the
702:
in 1961, ensuring their ultimate defeat. Some of the failures could be attributed to Castro's "roll up" of CIA operatives in Cuba. After the Bay of Pigs failure, Osvaldo
Ramirez returned to the
756:. The death toll of the rebels and others involved in the rebellion (such as civilians and pro-government militias) is unknown. Estimates for total combatant deaths range from 1,000 to 7,000.
444:
654:
in 1959. It was led by an ex-guerrilla that had fought against
Batista before, but rejected the socialist turn the Cuban Revolution had taken and the ensuing close ties with the
1025:
1108:
2081:
726:
Both their smaller numbers and the lack of outside assistance, particularly supplies, eventually led to the rebels' defeat. Cuban forces used sweeps by long columns of
930:
2124:
2119:
1429:
437:
1902:
1469:
493:
2259:
2169:
1715:
1248:
678:
430:
334:
2254:
1580:
2154:
2129:
1142:
1052:
1819:
1745:
812:
581:
348:
1809:
1401:
1386:
1371:
1356:
1341:
1326:
1311:
1293:
1271:
1263:
569:
41:
2179:
2114:
2076:
1645:
1446:
1279:
El
Escopetero Chapter in Escambray: La Guerra Olvidada, Un Libro Historico de Los Combatientes Anticastristas en Cuba (1960–1966)
1029:
753:
360:
2071:
746:
The
Struggle Against the Bandits lasted longer and involved more soldiers than the previous struggle against Batista's forces.
727:
1186:
1422:
1122:
468:
364:
1660:
2159:
2066:
1895:
1725:
947:
2269:
2174:
2149:
2023:
1998:
1650:
1953:
1078:
294:
202:
2144:
131:
1705:
523:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
1993:
1685:
731:
313:
1332:
Franqui, Carlos 1984 (foreword by G. Cabrera
Infante and translated by Alfred MacAdam from Spanish 1981 version).
1933:
1605:
1415:
663:
478:
1938:
2134:
2061:
2003:
1888:
1763:
710:
brush elbow to elbow" until they had completely cleared the hills of anti-communist rebels. The leaders of the
682:
221:
1758:
238:
1203:
Joanna
Swanger. "Rebel Lands of Cuba: The Campesino Struggles of Oriente and Escambray, 1934–1974." Page 243.
1459:
715:
904:
Joanna
Swanger. "Rebel Lands of Cuba: The Campesino Struggles of Oriente and Escambray, 1934–1974." p. 243.
2139:
1735:
1695:
1600:
1494:
545:
2264:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2035:
1640:
1590:
1532:
1506:
805:
Warfare and Armed
Conflicts: A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1492–2015, 4th ed
562:
488:
483:
730:, which cost the government substantial losses but ultimately won the war. The Spanish-Soviet Advisor
2040:
1983:
1973:
1834:
1829:
735:
699:
591:
540:
518:
503:
151:
1321:, North-South Center, University of Miami, Research Institute for Cuban Studies; 2nd ed (paperback)
638:
regime, local farmers, and ex-guerrillas who had fought alongside Castro against
Batista during the
2093:
2045:
2013:
1824:
1575:
1555:
1550:
1474:
778:
703:
608:
586:
498:
64:
1779:
1501:
1489:
1479:
552:
535:
508:
145:
1630:
1545:
714:
counter-insurgency forces were Commandantes Raul Menendez Tomassevich, a founding member of the
2018:
1928:
1784:
1595:
1397:
1382:
1367:
1352:
1337:
1322:
1307:
1289:
1267:
1259:
1244:
939:
808:
773:
765:
674:
635:
113:
2030:
1958:
1700:
1690:
1540:
1484:
1454:
1438:
1364:
Marianas in Combat: the Mariana Grajales Women's Platoon in Cuba's Revolutionary War 1956–58
1226:
1146:
1056:
651:
639:
624:
528:
513:
473:
454:
298:
206:
642:. The end result was the elimination of all insurgents by Cuban government forces in 1965.
1670:
1570:
1513:
557:
250:
242:
1730:
972:
2008:
1615:
1610:
1585:
1464:
749:
681:
rebels (13 March Movement), such as the anti-communists Osvaldo Ramirez and Comandante
226:
108:
698:
The CIA provided some aid to the insurgents but withdrew all support after the failed
2108:
1869:
1680:
1675:
1665:
1635:
1560:
1218:
1968:
1948:
1625:
1381:(The clandestinity and the armed fight against Castro), Ediciones Universal, Miami
1299:
1190:
769:
706:
and declined an offer by Castro's emissary, Comandante Faure ChomĂłn, to surrender.
655:
616:
308:
265:
183:
17:
1126:
1880:
1988:
1943:
1864:
1814:
1789:
1655:
1620:
1565:
783:
1231:
943:
1841:
1392:
Volkman, Ernest 1995. "Our man in Havana. Cuban double agents 1961–1987" in
1082:
2088:
1978:
752:
claimed in a speech in 1970 that the rebellion killed 500 members of the
356:
1407:
1319:
Cuban Leadership after Castro: Biographies of Cuba's Top Commanders
422:
1362:
Puebla, Teté (Brigadier General of the Cuban Armed Forces) 2003.
1912:
1846:
612:
289:
280:
271:
260:
165:
68:
1884:
1411:
1394:
Espionage: The Greatest Spy Operations of the Twentieth Century
864:
862:
860:
650:
The uprising began almost immediately after the success of the
426:
659:
619:. The military operation against the rebellion was called the
27:
Armed rebellion against the Cuban government from 1959 to 1965
2165:
Civil wars involving the states and peoples of North America
1351:. Archival Publications International Limited, 2003, London
611:
during which several insurgent groups fought against the
1349:
British Archives on Cuba: Cuba under Castro 1959–1962
1145:. Latin American Studies. p. 18. Archived from
1055:. Latin American Studies. p. 27. Archived from
2054:
1919:
1857:
1802:
1772:
1744:
1714:
1531:
1522:
1445:
1306:. Hacienda Publishing, Macon, GA, pp. 88–93.
1254:Dreke, Victor (Edited by Mary-Alice Waters) 2002.
1219:"The bandido counterrevolution in Cuba, 1959–1965"
1028:. Associated Press. 17 August 2001. Archived from
932:The CIA's internal probe of the Bay of Pigs affair
924:
922:
891:
889:
1379:El Clandestinaje y la Lucha Armada Contra Castro
1304:Cuba in Revolution – Escape from a Lost Paradise
1286:Unvanquished – Cuba's Resistance to Fidel Castro
1241:The Moncada Attack: Birth of the Cuban Revolutio
666:because of Castro's ties with the Soviet Union.
634:The rebels were a mix of former soldiers of the
1288:, Pureplay Press, Los Angeles, pp. 73–86.
1011:
1009:
607:was an armed conflict from 1959 to 1965 in the
34:
1336:, Random House First Vintage Books, New York.
1026:"Cuban General Raul Menendez Tomassevich Dies"
1896:
1423:
438:
8:
1187:"Anti-Cuba Bandits: terrorism in past tense"
1903:
1889:
1881:
1528:
1430:
1416:
1408:
445:
431:
423:
31:
1230:
673:rural farmers were aided by some former
1243:n. University of South Carolina Press.
795:
251:
243:
2125:Anti-communist guerrilla organizations
1125:. Cuba Net. 2 May 2002. Archived from
1105:"Todo Sobre la Guerra en el Escambray"
913:
880:
868:
851:
839:
827:
677:forces but were led mostly by former
7:
685:, both of whom had fought Batista's
631:, or LCB) by the Cuban government.
1820:United States embargo against Cuba
1746:Second National Front of Escambray
1366:, New York Pathfinder (Paperback)
1239:De la Cova, Antonio Rafael. 2007.
1107:. Secretos de Cuba. Archived from
1003:Encinosa, Unvanquished, pp. 73–86.
582:Second National Front of Escambray
383:250,000 (armed forces and militia)
349:Second National Front of Escambray
25:
2120:Aftermath of the Cuban Revolution
1810:Aftermath of the Cuban Revolution
1470:Havana Presidential Palace attack
42:aftermath of the Cuban Revolution
1347:Priestland, Jane (editor) 2003.
754:Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces
361:Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces
355:
341:
307:
288:
279:
270:
259:
232:
225:
215:
196:
176:
158:
138:
125:
95:
1143:"Escambray: La Guerra Olvidada"
1053:"Escambray: La Guerra Olvidada"
2260:1965 disestablishments in Cuba
2170:Civil wars of the 20th century
1258:. Pathfinder Press, New York.
1256:From el Escambray to the Congo
734:, who was also present at the
365:National Revolutionary Militia
1:
326:
1999:Eritrean War of Independence
1167:Franqui (1984), pp. 111–115.
803:Clodfelter, Micheal (2017).
368:Department of State Security
2255:1959 establishments in Cuba
1284:Encinosa, Enrique G. 2004.
1277:Encinosa, Enrique G. 1989.
1081:. Escambray. Archived from
2286:
2130:Opposition to Fidel Castro
1911:Armed conflicts involving
1646:José Ramón Machado Ventura
1334:Family portrait with Fidel
807:. McFarland. p. 637.
732:Francisco Ciutat de Miguel
494:Havana Presidential Palace
314:Francisco Ciutat de Miguel
2072:Military internationalism
1934:Cuban War of Independence
1716:Directorio Revolucionario
1651:Fernando MartĂnez Heredia
1317:Fermoselle, Rafael 1992.
1223:Nuevo Mundo Mundos Nuevos
975:. Latin American Studies.
768:, a similar rebellion in
664:Eisenhower administration
464:
416:
387:
372:
319:
285:Raúl Menéndez Tomassevich
189:
87:
47:
39:
2155:Sancti SpĂritus Province
2004:South African Border War
1764:William Alexander Morgan
1706:Sergio del Valle Jiménez
1281:. Editorial SIBI, Miami.
1232:10.4000/nuevomundo.71412
1217:Brown, Jonathan (2017).
683:William Alexander Morgan
621:Struggle Against Bandits
417:1,000–7,000 total deaths
79:Cuban government victory
2180:Counter-revolutionaries
2115:20th-century rebellions
1726:JosĂ© Antonio EcheverrĂa
1686:Carlos Rafael RodrĂguez
1460:History Will Absolve Me
1176:Ros (2006) pp. 159–201.
718:, and Lizardo Proenza.
716:Communist Party of Cuba
405:1,000+ soldiers wounded
1954:1952 Cuban coup d'Ă©tat
1736:Rolando Cubela Secades
1606:Abelardo Colomé Ibarra
1601:Norberto Collado Abreu
1495:Battle of Las Mercedes
1251:, p. 314 note 47.
628:
378:2,000–3,995 combatants
190:Commanders and leaders
2067:Foreign interventions
2036:Nicaraguan Revolution
1759:Eloy Gutiérrez Menoyo
1661:Antonio Núñez Jiménez
1641:Neill W. Macaulay Jr.
1591:Mario Chanes de Armas
1533:26th of July Movement
1507:Battle of Santa Clara
1141:Encinosa, Enrique G.
1051:Encinosa, Enrique G.
712:Lucha Contra Bandidos
629:Lucha Contra Bandidos
388:Casualties and losses
239:Eloy Gutiérrez Menoyo
2160:Villa Clara Province
2041:Salvadoran Civil War
1994:Ă‘ancahuazĂş Guerrilla
1984:Cuban Missile Crisis
1974:Bay of Pigs Invasion
1939:Spanish–American War
1835:Cuban Missile Crisis
1830:Bay of Pigs Invasion
1193:on 22 February 2007.
1111:on 21 February 2013.
1085:on 28 September 2007
736:Bay of Pigs Invasion
700:Bay of Pigs Invasion
380:6,000+ collaborators
329:177 outlawed groups
249:Sinesio Walsh (
2270:Wars involving Cuba
2175:Cold War rebellions
2150:Cienfuegos Province
2094:Sphere of influence
2046:Invasion of Grenada
2014:Ethiopian Civil War
1964:Escambray rebellion
1825:La Coubre explosion
1754:Escambray rebellion
1696:Humberto SorĂ Marin
1556:Efigenio Ameijeiras
1551:Juan Almeida Bosque
1475:Humboldt 7 massacre
1396:, Wiley, New York
1377:Ros, Enrique 2006.
1129:on 5 December 2005.
1015:Faria, pp. 105–115.
704:Escambray Mountains
609:Escambray Mountains
605:Escambray rebellion
587:La Coubre explosion
577:Escambray rebellion
403:500 soldiers killed
65:Escambray Mountains
35:Escambray rebellion
18:Escambray Rebellion
2145:Rebellions in Cuba
1502:Battle of Yaguajay
1490:Battle of La Plata
1480:Attack on El Uvero
1032:on 22 October 2008
615:government led by
393:2,000–3,000 killed
166:Government of Cuba
146:Dominican Republic
2215:Conflicts in 1965
2210:Conflicts in 1964
2205:Conflicts in 1963
2200:Conflicts in 1962
2195:Conflicts in 1961
2190:Conflicts in 1960
2185:Conflicts in 1959
2102:
2101:
2019:Angolan Civil War
1878:
1877:
1798:
1797:
1785:Pedro Luis Boitel
1596:Camilo Cienfuegos
1249:978-1-57003-672-9
1149:on 4 October 2005
994:Faria, pp. 88–89.
929:Warner, Michael.
774:Russian Civil War
766:Basmachi movement
600:
599:
421:
420:
222:William A. Morgan
152:Partido Auténtico
83:
82:
16:(Redirected from
2277:
2062:Military history
2055:Related articles
1959:Cuban Revolution
1905:
1898:
1891:
1882:
1576:RamĂłn Castro Ruz
1541:Alfredo Abon Lee
1529:
1485:Operation Verano
1455:Moncada Barracks
1439:Cuban Revolution
1432:
1425:
1418:
1409:
1236:
1234:
1204:
1201:
1195:
1194:
1189:. Archived from
1183:
1177:
1174:
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1156:
1154:
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1132:
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1119:
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1016:
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1001:
995:
992:
986:
983:
977:
976:
973:"William Morgan"
969:
963:
962:
960:
958:
952:
946:. Archived from
937:
926:
917:
911:
905:
902:
896:
893:
884:
878:
872:
866:
855:
849:
843:
837:
831:
825:
819:
818:
800:
728:National Militia
652:Cuban Revolution
640:Cuban Revolution
479:Santiago de Cuba
474:Domingo Goicuria
469:Moncada Barracks
459:
457:
456:Cuban Revolution
447:
440:
433:
424:
359:
347:Remnants of the
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345:
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130:
129:
128:
100:
99:
98:
49:
48:
32:
21:
2285:
2284:
2280:
2279:
2278:
2276:
2275:
2274:
2135:Peasant revolts
2105:
2104:
2103:
2098:
2050:
1921:
1915:
1909:
1879:
1874:
1853:
1794:
1768:
1740:
1717:
1710:
1671:Enrique Oltuski
1631:Melba Hernández
1571:Orlando Borrego
1546:Ricardo AlarcĂłn
1524:
1518:
1514:Battle of Guisa
1441:
1436:
1300:Faria, Miguel A
1216:
1213:
1208:
1207:
1202:
1198:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1175:
1171:
1166:
1162:
1152:
1150:
1140:
1139:
1135:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1103:
1102:
1098:
1088:
1086:
1077:
1076:
1072:
1062:
1060:
1050:
1049:
1045:
1035:
1033:
1024:
1023:
1019:
1014:
1007:
1002:
998:
993:
989:
984:
980:
971:
970:
966:
956:
954:
950:
935:
928:
927:
920:
916:, Paragraph 66.
912:
908:
903:
899:
895:Swanger, p. 243
894:
887:
883:, Paragraph 39.
879:
875:
871:, Paragraph 78.
867:
858:
854:, Paragraph 36.
850:
846:
842:, Paragraph 35.
838:
834:
826:
822:
815:
802:
801:
797:
792:
762:
744:
724:
696:
648:
601:
596:
460:
455:
453:
451:
411:
406:
404:
402:
394:
379:
367:
363:
342:
340:
306:
305:
299:
287:
286:
278:
277:
276:Lizardo Proenza
269:
268:
258:
248:
233:
231:
230:
216:
214:
213:
207:
203:Osvaldo RamĂrez
197:
195:
177:
175:
174:
169:
159:
157:
150:
139:
137:
136:
135:
126:
124:
123:
109:Anti-communists
96:
94:
71:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2283:
2281:
2273:
2272:
2267:
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2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
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2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2107:
2106:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2085:
2084:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2058:
2056:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2027:
2026:
2016:
2011:
2009:Yom Kippur War
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1929:Ten Years' War
1925:
1923:
1917:
1916:
1910:
1908:
1907:
1900:
1893:
1885:
1876:
1875:
1873:
1872:
1867:
1861:
1859:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1839:
1838:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1806:
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1800:
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1787:
1782:
1776:
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1770:
1769:
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1742:
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1728:
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1708:
1703:
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1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1616:Carlos Franqui
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1598:
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1578:
1573:
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1558:
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1526:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1516:
1510:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1498:
1497:
1492:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1451:
1449:
1443:
1442:
1437:
1435:
1434:
1427:
1420:
1412:
1406:
1405:
1390:
1375:
1360:
1345:
1330:
1315:
1297:
1282:
1275:
1252:
1237:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1205:
1196:
1178:
1169:
1160:
1133:
1114:
1096:
1070:
1059:on 21 May 2018
1043:
1017:
1005:
996:
987:
985:Volkman, 1995.
978:
964:
918:
906:
897:
885:
873:
856:
844:
832:
830:, Paragraph 6.
820:
814:978-0786474707
813:
794:
793:
791:
788:
787:
786:
781:
776:
761:
758:
743:
740:
723:
720:
695:
692:
669:The insurgent
647:
644:
598:
597:
595:
594:
589:
584:
579:
566:
565:
560:
555:
550:
549:
548:
543:
538:
526:
521:
519:April 9 strike
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
484:AlegrĂa de PĂo
481:
476:
471:
465:
462:
461:
452:
450:
449:
442:
435:
427:
419:
418:
414:
413:
396:
395:5,000 captured
390:
389:
385:
384:
381:
375:
374:
370:
369:
353:
352:
351:
338:
322:
321:
320:Units involved
317:
316:
295:Manuel Fajardo
256:
192:
191:
187:
186:
154:
118:
117:
111:
90:
89:
85:
84:
81:
80:
77:
73:
72:
63:
61:
57:
56:
53:
45:
44:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2282:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2140:1960s in Cuba
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2110:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2083:
2080:
2079:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2057:
2053:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1922:international
1918:
1914:
1906:
1901:
1899:
1894:
1892:
1887:
1886:
1883:
1871:
1870:Radio Rebelde
1868:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1856:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1843:
1840:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1811:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1801:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1780:RamĂłn BarquĂn
1778:
1777:
1775:
1771:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1751:
1749:
1747:
1743:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1723:
1721:
1719:
1713:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1701:Ramiro Valdés
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1691:Celia Sánchez
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1681:Jorge Risquet
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1666:Arnaldo Ochoa
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1636:Mario Llerena
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1561:Gustavo Arcos
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1530:
1527:
1523:Organizations
1521:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1487:
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1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
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1456:
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1450:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1433:
1428:
1426:
1421:
1419:
1414:
1413:
1410:
1403:
1402:0-471-16157-8
1399:
1395:
1391:
1388:
1387:1-59388-079-0
1384:
1380:
1376:
1373:
1372:0-87348-957-8
1369:
1365:
1361:
1358:
1357:1-903008-20-4
1354:
1350:
1346:
1343:
1342:0-394-72620-0
1339:
1335:
1331:
1328:
1327:0-935501-35-5
1324:
1320:
1316:
1313:
1312:0-9641077-3-2
1309:
1305:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1294:0-9714366-6-5
1291:
1287:
1283:
1280:
1276:
1273:
1272:0-87348-948-9
1269:
1265:
1264:0-87348-947-0
1261:
1257:
1253:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1215:
1214:
1210:
1200:
1197:
1192:
1188:
1182:
1179:
1173:
1170:
1164:
1161:
1148:
1144:
1137:
1134:
1131:(see Puebla).
1128:
1124:
1118:
1115:
1110:
1106:
1100:
1097:
1084:
1080:
1074:
1071:
1058:
1054:
1047:
1044:
1031:
1027:
1021:
1018:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1000:
997:
991:
988:
982:
979:
974:
968:
965:
953:on 3 May 2022
949:
945:
941:
934:
933:
925:
923:
919:
915:
910:
907:
901:
898:
892:
890:
886:
882:
877:
874:
870:
865:
863:
861:
857:
853:
848:
845:
841:
836:
833:
829:
824:
821:
816:
810:
806:
799:
796:
789:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
771:
767:
764:
763:
759:
757:
755:
751:
747:
741:
739:
737:
733:
729:
721:
719:
717:
713:
707:
705:
701:
693:
691:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
667:
665:
661:
657:
653:
645:
643:
641:
637:
632:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
593:
590:
588:
585:
583:
580:
578:
575:
574:
573:
572:
571:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
547:
544:
542:
539:
537:
534:
533:
532:
531:
527:
525:
524:Santo Domingo
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
475:
472:
470:
467:
466:
463:
458:
448:
443:
441:
436:
434:
429:
428:
425:
415:
409:
400:
397:
392:
391:
386:
382:
377:
376:
371:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
339:
336:
332:
331:
330:
324:
323:
318:
315:
310:
304:
302:
296:
291:
282:
273:
267:
262:
257:
254:
246:
240:
228:
223:
212:
210:
204:
194:
193:
188:
185:
172:
168:
167:
155:
153:
147:
133:
121:
115:
112:
110:
107:
106:
105:
103:
92:
91:
86:
78:
75:
74:
70:
66:
62:
59:
58:
54:
51:
50:
46:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
2265:Insurgencies
2250:1965 in Cuba
2245:1964 in Cuba
2240:1963 in Cuba
2235:1962 in Cuba
2230:1961 in Cuba
2225:1960 in Cuba
2220:1959 in Cuba
2024:intervention
1969:Congo Crisis
1963:
1949:World War II
1920:External and
1753:
1731:Faure ChomĂłn
1626:Armando Hart
1581:Fidel Castro
1393:
1378:
1363:
1348:
1333:
1318:
1303:
1285:
1278:
1255:
1240:
1222:
1199:
1191:the original
1181:
1172:
1163:
1151:. Retrieved
1147:the original
1136:
1127:the original
1117:
1109:the original
1099:
1087:. Retrieved
1083:the original
1073:
1061:. Retrieved
1057:the original
1046:
1034:. Retrieved
1030:the original
1020:
999:
990:
981:
967:
955:. Retrieved
948:the original
931:
914:Brown (2017)
909:
900:
881:Brown (2017)
876:
869:Brown (2017)
852:Brown (2017)
847:
840:Brown (2017)
835:
828:Brown (2017)
823:
804:
798:
779:Black Spring
770:Central Asia
748:
745:
725:
711:
708:
697:
686:
670:
668:
656:Soviet Union
649:
633:
620:
617:Fidel Castro
604:
602:
576:
568:
567:
546:Las Mercedes
536:2nd La Plata
529:
489:1st La Plata
412:3,500 killed
407:
399:Armed Forces
398:
325:
300:
266:Fidel Castro
208:
184:Soviet Union
171:Supported by
170:
156:
149:(1959–1961)
120:Supported by
119:
101:
93:
88:Belligerents
40:Part of the
29:
1989:Vietnam War
1944:World War I
1865:Escopeteros
1815:Cuban exile
1790:Rafael Cruz
1718:Estuciantil
1656:Huber Matos
1621:Che Guevara
1611:Vilma EspĂn
1586:RaĂşl Castro
1566:Bob Baldock
1123:"Cuba News"
1036:24 December
772:during the
750:RaĂşl Castro
690:to Castro.
592:Bay of Pigs
563:Santa Clara
134:(1959–1961)
2109:Categories
2031:Ogaden War
1676:Frank PaĂs
1525:and people
1153:8 December
1079:"Montañas"
790:References
784:Maleconazo
694:Insurgency
514:Cienfuegos
499:Humboldt 7
337:guerrillas
102:Insurgents
1842:Guevarism
944:176629005
687:casquitos
646:Beginning
570:Aftermath
504:Corynthia
116:loyalists
55:1959–1965
2089:Cold War
1979:Sand War
1447:Timeline
760:See also
662:and the
553:Yaguajay
509:El Uvero
373:Strength
60:Location
1858:Related
1211:Sources
1089:31 July
1063:31 July
675:Batista
671:guajiro
636:Batista
625:Spanish
408:Militia
333:Former
301:†
241: (
209:†
114:Batista
2082:MINFAR
1803:Impact
1465:Granma
1400:
1385:
1370:
1355:
1340:
1325:
1310:
1292:
1270:
1262:
1247:
942:
811:
742:Legacy
722:Defeat
530:Verano
297:
224:
205:
181:
163:
143:
76:Result
1773:Other
957:3 May
951:(PDF)
936:(PDF)
613:Cuban
558:Guisa
541:JigĂĽe
1913:Cuba
1847:Foco
1398:ISBN
1383:ISBN
1368:ISBN
1353:ISBN
1338:ISBN
1323:ISBN
1308:ISBN
1290:ISBN
1268:ISBN
1260:ISBN
1245:ISBN
1155:2005
1091:2007
1065:2007
1038:2007
959:2022
940:OCLC
938:. .
809:ISBN
603:The
69:Cuba
52:Date
2077:FAR
1227:doi
679:DRE
660:CIA
335:DRE
252:POW
244:POW
132:CIA
2111::
1302:.
1266:,
1225:.
1221:.
1008:^
921:^
888:^
859:^
627::
327:c.
104::
67:,
1904:e
1897:t
1890:v
1431:e
1424:t
1417:v
1404:.
1389:.
1374:.
1359:.
1344:.
1329:.
1314:.
1296:.
1274:.
1235:.
1229::
1157:.
1093:.
1067:.
1040:.
961:.
817:.
623:(
446:e
439:t
432:v
410::
401::
255:)
247:)
173::
122::
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
