300:(STEC). The toxins cause illness and the associated symptoms by sticking to the intestinal cells and aggravating the cells along the intestinal wall. This, in turn, can cause bloody stools to occur. Another effect from this bacterial infection is hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), which is a condition characterized by destruction of red blood cells, that over a long period of time can cause kidney failure. Some common symptoms of HUS are vomiting, bloody diarrhea, and blood in the urine.
3831:
39:
3842:
3862:
3872:
3821:
3852:
3451:
847:"July 8, 2011: Outbreak of Shiga Toxin-producing E. Coli O104 (STEC O104:H4) Infections Associated with Travel to Germany | E. Coli." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 8 July 2011. Web. 08 Nov. 2011. <
797:
Reinberg, Steven. "German E. Coli Strain
Especially Lethal - Infectious Diseases: Causes, Types, Prevention, Treatment and Facts on MedicineNet.com." Medicinenet.com. MedicineNet Inc, 22 June 2011. Web. 08 Nov. 2011.
1194:
482:
818:
European Food Safety
Authority. "Shiga Toxin-producing E. Coli (STEC) O104:H4 2011 Outbreaks in Europe:." EFSA Journal. European Food Safety Authority, 3 Nov. 2011. Web. 08 Nov. 2011. <
602:
316:. Most recently in 2011, an outbreak of the O104:H4 strain in Germany caused the deaths of several people, and hundreds were hospitalised. German authorities traced the infection back to
3614:
328:
To diagnose infection with STEC, a patient's stool (feces) can be tested in a laboratory for the presence of Shiga toxin. Testing methods used include direct detection of the toxin by
936:
834:
Gorman, Christine. "E. Coli on the March: Scientific
American." Science News, Articles and Information | Scientific American. Scientific American, 7 Aug. 2011. Web. 08 Nov. 2011. <
1187:
3579:
966:
3609:
3065:
3569:
1180:
371:
is prevented simply by thorough hand-washing with soap, washing and hygienically preparing food, and properly heating/cooking food, so the bacteria are destroyed.
2746:
3501:
941:
490:
864:
O157:H7, General
Information - NCZVED." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 8 July 201. Web. 08 Nov. 2011.
3754:
3468:
3692:
268:
177:
891:
389:"Prospective genomic characterization of the German enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O104:H4 outbreak by rapid next generation sequencing technology"
3530:
3574:
3436:
3544:
3875:
613:
1111:
931:
3388:
802:
3535:
3483:
2360:
951:
916:
278:
caused by O104:H4 by an acute onset of diarrhea or bloody diarrhea together with the detection of the Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2) or the Shiga gene
1755:
3738:
3549:
3478:
3403:
3222:
2010:
1121:
1085:
946:
448:
3726:
3604:
1037:
956:
2739:
1436:
1045:
581:
166:
3743:
3702:
3667:
3652:
3634:
3559:
3338:
1564:
1207:
3748:
3584:
3515:
3510:
2000:
1060:
3687:
3594:
3458:
3373:
3136:
2005:
1546:
1055:
2668:
3716:
3589:
3426:
3393:
1578:
884:
3492:
3446:
2882:
2732:
1394:
961:
921:
182:
512:
3721:
2564:
1888:
1324:
3775:
3473:
3431:
2785:
2225:
2219:
1835:
1141:
285:
Prior to the 2011 outbreak, only one case identified as O104:H4 had been observed, in a woman in South Korea in 2005.
141:
38:
3770:
2304:
926:
549:
456:
201:
1282:
3896:
3800:
3520:
2025:
1860:
1829:
1759:
1540:
1065:
877:
337:
3662:
3023:
2858:
2500:
2282:
2015:
1899:
1688:
1507:
1430:
1422:
1172:
1080:
216:
2403:
651:
3642:
3554:
2995:
2870:
2704:
2584:
2544:
2486:
2205:
1972:
1408:
1366:
3855:
3710:
3630:
3525:
3348:
3227:
2520:
2438:
2397:
2393:
2274:
2268:
2035:
1745:
1680:
1474:
1380:
1352:
1286:
3732:
3682:
3677:
3421:
3169:
2537:
2526:
2324:
1954:
1780:
1751:
1558:
1318:
1272:
1075:
609:
312:
O104:H4 infection involves ingestion of fecally contaminated food; the disease can thus be considered a
226:
835:
486:
3845:
3159:
2988:
2843:
2698:
2658:
2611:
2493:
2144:
2102:
2082:
2039:
1895:
1694:
1374:
402:
355:
O104:H4 is difficult to treat as it is resistant to many antibiotics, although it is susceptible to
3861:
3805:
3564:
3262:
2676:
2621:
2290:
2166:
2111:
2059:
1978:
1921:
1874:
1809:
1657:
1649:
1643:
1360:
1346:
1215:
799:
658:
264:
70:
3463:
3416:
3358:
3242:
2914:
2664:
2575:
2076:
2065:
1986:
1930:
1718:
1416:
1402:
1332:
1309:
770:
190:
90:
33:
542:
O104 genome and attributed the strain as a category of Shiga toxin-producing enteroaggregative
537:
460:
3790:
3599:
3285:
2919:
2904:
2886:
2800:
2649:
2615:
2479:
2411:
2174:
2152:
2121:
1572:
1338:
1161:
1050:
762:
714:
430:
313:
237:
of the O104:H4 outbreak strain. The O104:H4 strain is characterized by these genetic markers:
222:
3441:
3353:
3333:
3181:
3151:
2767:
2640:
2555:
2346:
2193:
2180:
1995:
1612:
1594:
1501:
1460:
1388:
1258:
901:
752:
704:
696:
420:
410:
205:
114:
80:
3657:
3363:
3325:
3295:
3141:
3074:
2939:
2924:
2848:
2815:
2590:
2511:
2465:
2370:
2310:
2245:
2187:
2156:
2148:
1851:
1821:
1815:
1698:
1527:
1278:
806:
483:"BGI Sequencing news: German EHEC strain is a chimera created by horizontal gene transfer"
320:
sprouts grown from contaminated seeds imported from Egypt, but these results are debated.
406:
3780:
2944:
2909:
2805:
2690:
2340:
2334:
2197:
2093:
2050:
1945:
1466:
1233:
1203:
1126:
1106:
709:
680:
425:
388:
256:
197:
60:
3890:
3785:
3305:
3113:
2974:
2954:
2865:
2830:
2686:
2602:
2429:
2384:
2125:
2117:
1960:
1727:
1638:
1298:
1264:
1239:
1224:
1156:
780:
774:
819:
3835:
3795:
3310:
3131:
3123:
3093:
2964:
2949:
2795:
2682:
2456:
1935:
1663:
1603:
1550:
1535:
1480:
573:
415:
3865:
3825:
3411:
3368:
3300:
3280:
3257:
3232:
3036:
3031:
3009:
3002:
2959:
2929:
2899:
2755:
2256:
2211:
2162:
1866:
1618:
997:
652:"Case Definition for diarrhoea and haemolytic uremic syndrome caused by O104:H4"
329:
212:
100:
3626:
3378:
3343:
3272:
3059:
2934:
2894:
2763:
1630:
1151:
1136:
1101:
982:
700:
356:
3672:
3383:
3315:
3290:
3252:
3217:
3209:
3191:
3176:
3164:
3108:
3085:
3053:
3048:
2838:
2444:
2296:
1964:
1905:
1786:
1146:
848:
317:
244:
766:
718:
434:
387:
Mellman, Alexander; Harmsen, D; Cummings, CA; et al. (July 20, 2011).
757:
736:
3647:
3237:
3186:
3042:
2982:
2810:
2780:
1880:
393:
275:
230:
173:
50:
637:
3103:
2820:
2790:
2724:
2471:
2417:
1771:
1736:
250:
3820:
3247:
3205:
2775:
1249:
1131:
1116:
1007:
234:
189:. The "O" in the serological classification identifies the cell wall
836:
http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=e-coli-on-the-march
869:
3201:
2853:
735:
Frank, C; Werber, D; Cramer, JP; et al. (October 26, 2011).
344:
strain may be serotyped to determine whether O104:H4 is present.
1492:
1451:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1002:
987:
800:
http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=146119
229:
analysis both confirmed that two copies of the Shiga toxin stx2
2728:
1176:
873:
3098:
992:
267:(EC) integrated approach to food safety defines a case of
679:
Bae, WK; Lee, YK; Cho, MS; et al. (June 30, 2006).
204:
Shenzhen shows that the O104:H4 outbreak strain is an
193:
antigen, and the "H" identifies the flagella antigen.
830:
828:
233:
gene cluster are a distinctive characteristic of the
3763:
3701:
3625:
3580:
2024 United
Kingdom Shigatoxigenic E. coli outbreak
3402:
3324:
3271:
3200:
3150:
3122:
3084:
2973:
2881:
2829:
2762:
2648:
2639:
2601:
2574:
2554:
2510:
2455:
2428:
2383:
2357:
2321:
2253:
2244:
2136:
2101:
2092:
2049:
1944:
1929:
1920:
1850:
1797:
1770:
1735:
1726:
1717:
1629:
1602:
1593:
1526:
1491:
1450:
1308:
1297:
1248:
1232:
1223:
1214:
1094:
1036:
975:
909:
140:
32:
24:
781:http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1106483
820:http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/pub/2390
681:"A case of haemolytic uremic syndrome caused by
574:"Copy number analysis of German outbreak strain
793:
791:
789:
538:"BGI releases the complete map of the Germany
453:in Germany and Reveals New Super-Toxic Strain"
2740:
1188:
885:
517:outbreak: WHO says bacterium is a new strain"
8:
3755:Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition
3570:2017–2018 South African listeriosis outbreak
3469:1985 Austrian diethylene glycol wine scandal
3693:United Kingdom food information regulations
737:"Epidemic profile of Shiga-toxin–producing
730:
728:
638:"The EU integrated approach to food safety"
340:. If infection with STEC is confirmed, the
2747:
2733:
2725:
2645:
2250:
2098:
1941:
1926:
1732:
1723:
1599:
1305:
1245:
1229:
1220:
1195:
1181:
1173:
892:
878:
870:
21:
3531:2008 United States salmonellosis outbreak
849:https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/2011/ecolio104/
756:
708:
424:
414:
259:ampC, ampD, ampE, ampG, ampH are present.
3575:2018 Australian strawberry contamination
3437:Morinaga Milk arsenic poisoning incident
511:Maev Kennedy and agencies (2011-06-02).
336:gene or other virulence-factor genes by
211:(EAEC or EAggEC) type that has acquired
3545:2011 United States listeriosis outbreak
942:2006 North American (multiple; O157:H7)
379:
3560:2015 Mozambique funeral beer poisoning
3137:Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)
937:2006 North American (spinach; O157:H7)
2361:Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
568:
566:
7:
3851:
3739:Institute for Food Safety and Health
3479:Australian meat substitution scandal
3447:Moroccan oil poisoning disaster 1959
3223:Arsenic contamination of groundwater
1746:Neisseria meningitidis/meningococcus
449:"BGI Sequences Genome of the Deadly
3871:
3727:Food Information and Control Agency
1208:Gram-negative bacterial infections
603:"Characterization of EHEC O104:H4"
582:Johannes Kepler University of Linz
14:
3744:International Food Safety Network
3668:International Food Safety Network
3389:Variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease
3339:Acid-hydrolyzed vegetable protein
3066:Shigatoxigenic and verotoxigenic
1565:Human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis
3870:
3860:
3850:
3841:
3840:
3829:
3819:
3749:Ministry of Food and Drug Safety
3585:Kobayashi red yeast rice scandal
3516:2008 Canada listeriosis outbreak
3511:ICA meat repackaging controversy
1781:Neisseria gonorrhoeae/gonococcus
1756:Waterhouse–Friderichsen syndrome
296:O104 is a Shiga toxin–producing
247:resistance gene cluster positive
37:
3688:Quality Assurance International
3595:Food safety incidents in Taiwan
3565:2017 Brazil Operation Weak Meat
3459:1971 Iraq poison grain disaster
3374:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
1547:Human granulocytic anaplasmosis
967:2024 United Kingdom (STEC O145)
745:New England Journal of Medicine
3717:European Food Safety Authority
3590:Food safety incidents in China
3427:1858 Bradford sweets poisoning
3394:Water fluoridation controversy
1579:Ehrlichiosis ewingii infection
1112:Long-term evolution experiment
1:
1395:Flinders Island spotted fever
3722:Food and Drug Administration
3404:Food contamination incidents
2565:Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
1889:Burkholderia cepacia complex
1325:Rocky Mountain spotted fever
741:O104:H4 outbreak in Germany"
612:. 2011-06-03. Archived from
459:. 2011-06-02. Archived from
416:10.1371/journal.pone.0022751
3776:Food and drink prohibitions
3550:Bihar school meal poisoning
3474:United Kingdom BSE outbreak
3432:1900 English beer poisoning
2786:Antibiotic use in livestock
2226:Far East scarlet-like fever
2220:Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
1836:Chromobacteriosis infection
269:Shiga-like toxin-producing
3915:
3771:Curing (food preservation)
2844:Monosodium glutamate (MSG)
481:David Tribe (2011-06-02).
3814:
3801:Genetically modified food
3653:Food labeling regulations
3521:2008 Chinese milk scandal
2026:Hemolytic-uremic syndrome
1861:Burkholderia pseudomallei
1830:Chromobacterium violaceum
1760:Meningococcal septicaemia
1541:Anaplasma phagocytophilum
701:10.3349/ymj.2006.47.3.437
241:Shiga toxin stx2 positive
147:
34:Scientific classification
3663:Food safety in Australia
2859:High-fructose corn syrup
2501:Plesiomonas shigelloides
2283:Brazilian purpuric fever
1900:Bordetella parapertussis
1689:Bartonella bacilliformis
1508:Flea-borne spotted fever
1438:Rickettsia aeschlimannii
1431:Rickettsia aeschlimannii
1423:American tick bite fever
519:. London: guardian.co.uk
217:horizontal gene transfer
3643:Acceptable daily intake
3555:2013 horse meat scandal
2996:Clostridium perfringens
2669:Guillain–Barré syndrome
2585:Cardiobacterium hominis
2545:Acinetobacter baumannii
2487:Vibrio parahaemolyticus
2206:Yersinia enterocolitica
1973:Klebsiella granulomatis
1409:African tick bite fever
1367:North Asian tick typhus
932:2005 South Wales (O157)
253:adherence gene negative
181:, and the cause of the
3711:Centre for Food Safety
3526:2008 Irish pork crisis
3228:Benzene in soft drinks
2521:Pseudomonas aeruginosa
2439:Francisella tularensis
2398:Legionella longbeachae
2394:Legionella pneumophila
2036:Enterobacter aerogenes
1681:Bacillary angiomatosis
1475:Orientia tsutsugamushi
1381:Queensland tick typhus
1353:Japanese spotted fever
1287:Flying squirrel typhus
952:2011 Germany (O104:H4)
689:Yonsei Medical Journal
332:, or detection of the
3733:Food Standards Agency
3683:Organic certification
3678:Nutrition facts label
3422:Esing Bakery incident
3210:environment pollution
2538:Moraxella catarrhalis
2404:Legionnaires' disease
2325:Pasteurella multocida
1955:Klebsiella pneumoniae
1752:Meningococcal disease
1559:Ehrlichia chaffeensis
1319:Rickettsia rickettsii
1283:Brill–Zinsser disease
1273:Rickettsia prowazekii
758:10.1056/NEJMoa1106483
610:Robert Koch Institute
215:genes, presumably by
3502:2006 North American
3160:Acesulfame potassium
2989:Campylobacter jejuni
2883:Intestinal parasites
2756:Consumer food safety
2699:Helicobacter cinaedi
2659:Campylobacter jejuni
2612:Aeromonas hydrophila
2494:Vibrio alginolyticus
2145:Shigella dysenteriae
2083:Citrobacter freundii
2040:Enterobacter cloacae
1896:Bordetella pertussis
1375:Rickettsia australis
917:1993 Jack in the Box
3806:Conspiracy theories
3359:Heterocyclic amines
3263:Shellfish poisoning
2677:Helicobacter pylori
2167:Bacillary dysentery
2112:Salmonella enterica
2060:Serratia marcescens
1979:Granuloma inguinale
1875:Burkholderia mallei
1810:Eikenella corrodens
1658:Bartonella quintana
1650:Cat-scratch disease
1644:Bartonella henselae
1361:Rickettsia sibirica
1347:Rickettsia japonica
1086:Verotoxin-producing
947:2009 United Kingdom
659:European Commission
407:2011PLoSO...622751M
265:European Commission
71:Gammaproteobacteria
3464:Toxic oil syndrome
3417:Swill milk scandal
3243:Diethylstilbestrol
2915:Diphyllobothriasis
2665:Campylobacteriosis
2576:Cardiobacteriaceae
2077:Citrobacter koseri
1987:Klebsiella oxytoca
1417:Rickettsia parkeri
1403:Rickettsia africae
1333:Rickettsia conorii
1046:Enteroaggregative
957:2015 United States
805:2012-01-18 at the
206:enteroaggregative
191:lipopolysaccharide
167:enteroaggregative
91:Enterobacteriaceae
16:Strain of bacteria
3884:
3883:
3791:Food preservation
3600:Foodborne illness
3152:Sugar substitutes
2905:Cryptosporidiosis
2887:parasitic disease
2801:HGH controversies
2768:food contaminants
2722:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2650:Campylobacterales
2635:
2634:
2616:Aeromonas veronii
2480:Vibrio vulnificus
2412:Coxiella burnetii
2379:
2378:
2305:H. parainfluenzae
2240:
2239:
2236:
2235:
2175:Proteus mirabilis
2122:Paratyphoid fever
2011:Enterohemorrhagic
1931:Enterobacteriales
1916:
1915:
1846:
1845:
1713:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1695:Carrion's disease
1589:
1588:
1573:Ehrlichia ewingii
1522:
1521:
1518:
1517:
1339:Boutonneuse fever
1170:
1169:
1162:Theodor Escherich
1122:Molecular biology
1051:Enterohemorrhagic
751:(19): 1771–1780.
487:Biology Fortified
314:foodborne illness
198:genomic sequences
157:
156:
121:
3904:
3897:Escherichia coli
3874:
3873:
3864:
3854:
3853:
3844:
3843:
3836:Drink portal
3834:
3833:
3832:
3824:
3823:
3735:(United Kingdom)
3484:Jack in the Box
3455:
3442:Minamata disease
3354:Food irradiation
3334:4-Hydroxynonenal
3182:Sodium cyclamate
3025:Escherichia coli
3017:Escherichia coli
2749:
2742:
2735:
2726:
2646:
2556:Xanthomonadaceae
2364:
2347:Actinobacillosis
2328:
2261:
2251:
2181:Proteus vulgaris
2099:
1996:Escherichia coli
1942:
1927:
1802:
1733:
1724:
1613:Brucella abortus
1600:
1595:Hyphomicrobiales
1502:Rickettsia felis
1461:Rickettsia akari
1389:Rickettsia honei
1306:
1259:Rickettsia typhi
1246:
1230:
1221:
1197:
1190:
1183:
1174:
902:Escherichia coli
894:
887:
880:
871:
865:
862:Escherichia coli
858:
852:
845:
839:
832:
823:
816:
810:
795:
784:
778:
760:
739:Escherichia coli
732:
723:
722:
712:
683:Escherichia coli
676:
670:
669:
667:
666:
656:
648:
642:
641:
634:
628:
627:
625:
624:
618:
607:
599:
593:
592:
590:
589:
570:
561:
560:
558:
557:
544:Escherichia coli
534:
528:
527:
525:
524:
508:
502:
501:
499:
498:
489:. Archived from
478:
472:
471:
469:
468:
445:
439:
438:
428:
418:
384:
308:A common mode of
187:O104:H4 outbreak
185:Escherichia coli
178:Escherichia coli
169:Escherichia coli
161:Escherichia coli
150:Escherichia coli
136:
132:E. c.
120:
118:
81:Enterobacterales
42:
41:
26:Escherichia coli
22:
3914:
3913:
3907:
3906:
3905:
3903:
3902:
3901:
3887:
3886:
3885:
3880:
3830:
3828:
3826:Food portal
3818:
3810:
3759:
3697:
3658:Food libel laws
3621:
3449:
3398:
3364:Modified starch
3326:Food processing
3320:
3267:
3196:
3146:
3142:Sodium benzoate
3118:
3080:
3075:Vibrio cholerae
2969:
2940:Gnathostomiasis
2925:Fasciolopsiasis
2877:
2825:
2816:Mercury in fish
2758:
2753:
2723:
2714:
2631:
2597:
2570:
2550:
2512:Pseudomonadales
2506:
2466:Vibrio cholerae
2451:
2424:
2375:
2358:
2353:
2322:
2317:
2254:
2232:
2188:Yersinia pestis
2132:
2088:
2045:
2001:Enterotoxigenic
1933:
1912:
1852:Burkholderiales
1842:
1816:Kingella kingae
1798:
1793:
1766:
1705:
1699:Verruga peruana
1625:
1585:
1528:Anaplasmataceae
1514:
1487:
1446:
1300:
1293:
1279:Epidemic typhus
1237:
1210:
1201:
1171:
1166:
1090:
1061:Enterotoxigenic
1032:
971:
905:
898:
868:
859:
855:
846:
842:
833:
826:
817:
813:
807:Wayback Machine
796:
787:
734:
733:
726:
678:
677:
673:
664:
662:
654:
650:
649:
645:
636:
635:
631:
622:
620:
616:
605:
601:
600:
596:
587:
585:
572:
571:
564:
555:
553:
536:
535:
531:
522:
520:
510:
509:
505:
496:
494:
480:
479:
475:
466:
464:
447:
446:
442:
386:
385:
381:
377:
365:
350:
326:
306:
291:
289:Pathophysiology
223:Genome assembly
142:Trionomial name
129:
119:
112:
36:
19:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3912:
3911:
3908:
3900:
3899:
3889:
3888:
3882:
3881:
3879:
3878:
3868:
3858:
3848:
3838:
3815:
3812:
3811:
3809:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3781:Food marketing
3778:
3773:
3767:
3765:
3764:Related topics
3761:
3760:
3758:
3757:
3752:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3730:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3707:
3705:
3699:
3698:
3696:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3639:
3637:
3623:
3622:
3620:
3619:
3618:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3499:
3490:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3408:
3406:
3400:
3399:
3397:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3349:Food additives
3346:
3341:
3336:
3330:
3328:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3277:
3275:
3269:
3268:
3266:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3214:
3212:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3173:
3172:
3162:
3156:
3154:
3148:
3147:
3145:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3128:
3126:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3090:
3088:
3082:
3081:
3079:
3078:
3071:
3063:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3021:
3013:
3006:
2999:
2992:
2985:
2979:
2977:
2975:Microorganisms
2971:
2970:
2968:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2945:Paragonimiasis
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2910:Cyclosporiasis
2907:
2902:
2897:
2891:
2889:
2879:
2878:
2876:
2875:
2874:
2873:
2863:
2862:
2861:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2835:
2833:
2831:Food additives
2827:
2826:
2824:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2806:Lead poisoning
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2772:
2770:
2760:
2759:
2754:
2752:
2751:
2744:
2737:
2729:
2720:
2719:
2716:
2715:
2713:
2712:
2711:
2710:
2695:
2694:
2693:
2691:Gastric cancer
2673:
2672:
2671:
2654:
2652:
2643:
2637:
2636:
2633:
2632:
2630:
2629:
2628:
2627:
2607:
2605:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2595:
2594:
2593:
2580:
2578:
2572:
2571:
2569:
2568:
2560:
2558:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2548:
2541:
2534:
2533:
2532:
2516:
2514:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2497:
2490:
2483:
2476:
2475:
2474:
2461:
2459:
2453:
2452:
2450:
2449:
2448:
2447:
2434:
2432:
2426:
2425:
2423:
2422:
2421:
2420:
2408:
2407:
2406:
2389:
2387:
2381:
2380:
2377:
2376:
2374:
2373:
2367:
2365:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2351:
2350:
2349:
2341:Actinobacillus
2337:
2335:Pasteurellosis
2331:
2329:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2315:
2314:
2313:
2301:
2300:
2299:
2287:
2286:
2285:
2280:
2264:
2262:
2248:
2246:Pasteurellales
2242:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2230:
2229:
2228:
2216:
2215:
2214:
2202:
2201:
2200:
2198:Bubonic plague
2184:
2171:
2170:
2169:
2140:
2138:
2134:
2133:
2131:
2130:
2129:
2128:
2107:
2105:
2096:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2086:
2073:
2072:
2071:
2055:
2053:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2043:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2028:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2006:Enteroinvasive
2003:
1991:
1990:
1983:
1982:
1981:
1969:
1968:
1967:
1950:
1948:
1939:
1924:
1918:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1910:
1909:
1908:
1892:
1885:
1884:
1883:
1871:
1870:
1869:
1856:
1854:
1848:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1841:
1840:
1839:
1838:
1826:
1825:
1824:
1805:
1803:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1791:
1790:
1789:
1776:
1774:
1768:
1767:
1765:
1764:
1763:
1762:
1741:
1739:
1730:
1721:
1715:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1703:
1702:
1701:
1685:
1684:
1683:
1668:
1667:
1666:
1654:
1653:
1652:
1635:
1633:
1631:Bartonellaceae
1627:
1626:
1624:
1623:
1622:
1621:
1608:
1606:
1597:
1591:
1590:
1587:
1586:
1584:
1583:
1582:
1581:
1569:
1568:
1567:
1555:
1554:
1553:
1532:
1530:
1524:
1523:
1520:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1513:
1512:
1511:
1510:
1497:
1495:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1485:
1484:
1483:
1471:
1470:
1469:
1467:Rickettsialpox
1456:
1454:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1444:
1443:
1442:
1427:
1426:
1425:
1413:
1412:
1411:
1399:
1398:
1397:
1385:
1384:
1383:
1371:
1370:
1369:
1357:
1356:
1355:
1343:
1342:
1341:
1329:
1328:
1327:
1314:
1312:
1303:
1295:
1294:
1292:
1291:
1290:
1289:
1269:
1268:
1267:
1254:
1252:
1243:
1234:Rickettsiaceae
1227:
1218:
1212:
1211:
1204:Pseudomonadota
1202:
1200:
1199:
1192:
1185:
1177:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1127:Hok/sok system
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1107:Coliform index
1104:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1091:
1089:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1056:Enteroinvasive
1053:
1048:
1042:
1040:
1034:
1033:
1031:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
979:
977:
973:
972:
970:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
927:2000 Walkerton
924:
919:
913:
911:
907:
906:
899:
897:
896:
889:
882:
874:
867:
866:
853:
840:
824:
811:
785:
724:
695:(3): 473–479.
671:
643:
629:
594:
562:
529:
503:
473:
440:
378:
376:
373:
364:
361:
349:
346:
325:
322:
305:
302:
290:
287:
261:
260:
254:
248:
242:
172:strain of the
155:
154:
145:
144:
138:
137:
127:
123:
122:
110:
106:
105:
98:
94:
93:
88:
84:
83:
78:
74:
73:
68:
64:
63:
61:Pseudomonadota
58:
54:
53:
48:
44:
43:
30:
29:
28: O104:H4
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3910:
3909:
3898:
3895:
3894:
3892:
3877:
3869:
3867:
3863:
3859:
3857:
3849:
3847:
3839:
3837:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3816:
3813:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3786:Food politics
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3768:
3766:
3762:
3756:
3753:
3751:(South Korea)
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3734:
3731:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3712:
3709:
3708:
3706:
3704:
3700:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3640:
3638:
3636:
3632:
3628:
3624:
3616:
3615:United States
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3602:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3539:
3536:2011 Germany
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3505:
3500:
3498:
3496:
3493:1996 Odwalla
3491:
3489:
3487:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3453:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3409:
3407:
3405:
3401:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3331:
3329:
3327:
3323:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3278:
3276:
3274:
3270:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3215:
3213:
3211:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3171:
3168:
3167:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3157:
3155:
3153:
3149:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3129:
3127:
3125:
3124:Preservatives
3121:
3115:
3114:Methamidophos
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3091:
3089:
3087:
3083:
3077:
3076:
3072:
3070:
3069:
3064:
3062:
3061:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3044:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3026:
3022:
3020:
3018:
3014:
3012:
3011:
3007:
3005:
3004:
3000:
2998:
2997:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2980:
2978:
2976:
2972:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2955:Toxoplasmosis
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2892:
2890:
2888:
2884:
2880:
2872:
2869:
2868:
2867:
2866:Vegetable oil
2864:
2860:
2857:
2856:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2832:
2828:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2773:
2771:
2769:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2750:
2745:
2743:
2738:
2736:
2731:
2730:
2727:
2709:
2707:
2703:
2702:
2701:
2700:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2687:MALT lymphoma
2684:
2681:
2680:
2679:
2678:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2663:
2662:
2661:
2660:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2651:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2638:
2626:
2624:
2620:
2619:
2618:
2617:
2613:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2604:
2603:Aeromonadales
2600:
2592:
2589:
2588:
2587:
2586:
2582:
2581:
2579:
2577:
2573:
2567:
2566:
2562:
2561:
2559:
2557:
2553:
2547:
2546:
2542:
2540:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2529:
2525:
2524:
2523:
2522:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2503:
2502:
2498:
2496:
2495:
2491:
2489:
2488:
2484:
2482:
2481:
2477:
2473:
2470:
2469:
2468:
2467:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2458:
2454:
2446:
2443:
2442:
2441:
2440:
2436:
2435:
2433:
2431:
2430:Thiotrichales
2427:
2419:
2416:
2415:
2414:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2402:
2401:
2400:
2399:
2395:
2391:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2385:Legionellales
2382:
2372:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2362:
2356:
2348:
2345:
2344:
2343:
2342:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2326:
2320:
2312:
2309:
2308:
2307:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2295:
2294:
2293:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2277:
2273:
2272:
2271:
2270:
2269:H. influenzae
2266:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2243:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2222:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2210:
2209:
2208:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2192:
2191:
2190:
2189:
2185:
2183:
2182:
2177:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2159:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2135:
2127:
2126:Salmonellosis
2123:
2119:
2118:Typhoid fever
2116:
2115:
2114:
2113:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2091:
2085:
2084:
2079:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2068:
2064:
2063:
2062:
2061:
2057:
2056:
2054:
2052:
2048:
2042:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2032:
2027:
2024:
2023:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1998:
1997:
1993:
1992:
1989:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1975:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1961:Rhinoscleroma
1959:
1958:
1957:
1956:
1952:
1951:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1932:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1919:
1907:
1904:
1903:
1902:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1891:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1879:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1865:
1864:
1863:
1862:
1858:
1857:
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1639:Bartonellosis
1637:
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1296:
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1277:
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1265:Murine typhus
1263:
1262:
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1256:
1255:
1253:
1251:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1240:Rickettsioses
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1226:
1225:Rickettsiales
1222:
1219:
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1213:
1209:
1205:
1198:
1193:
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1186:
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1179:
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1157:T4 rII system
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619:on 2012-03-25
615:
611:
604:
598:
595:
583:
579:
578:EHEC O104:H4"
577:
569:
567:
563:
551:
547:
545:
541:
533:
530:
518:
516:
507:
504:
493:on 2012-05-27
492:
488:
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477:
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463:on 2011-06-06
462:
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401:(7): e22751.
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152: O104:H4
151:
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134: O104:H4
133:
128:
125:
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117:
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108:
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56:
55:
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46:
45:
40:
35:
31:
27:
23:
20:
3796:Food quality
3703:Institutions
3537:
3503:
3494:
3485:
3369:Nitrosamines
3132:Benzoic acid
3094:Chlorpyrifos
3073:
3067:
3058:
3041:
3024:
3016:
3015:
3008:
3001:
2994:
2987:
2965:Trichuriasis
2950:Toxocariasis
2920:Enterobiasis
2796:Formaldehyde
2706:Helicobacter
2705:
2697:
2683:Peptic ulcer
2675:
2657:
2622:
2610:
2583:
2563:
2543:
2536:
2527:
2519:
2499:
2492:
2485:
2478:
2464:
2457:Vibrionaceae
2437:
2410:
2392:
2359:
2339:
2323:
2303:
2289:
2275:
2267:
2255:
2218:
2204:
2186:
2179:
2173:
2143:
2110:
2081:
2075:
2066:
2058:
2034:
2020:
1994:
1985:
1971:
1953:
1894:
1887:
1873:
1859:
1828:
1814:
1808:
1799:
1779:
1744:
1728:Neisseriales
1687:
1675:
1671:
1664:Trench fever
1656:
1642:
1611:
1604:Brucellaceae
1571:
1557:
1551:Anaplasmosis
1539:
1536:Ehrlichiosis
1500:
1481:Scrub typhus
1473:
1459:
1437:
1429:
1415:
1401:
1387:
1373:
1359:
1345:
1331:
1317:
1271:
1257:
1206:-associated
1070:
962:2023 Calgary
922:1996 Odwalla
900:
861:
856:
843:
814:
748:
744:
738:
692:
688:
682:
674:
663:. Retrieved
661:. 2011-06-03
646:
632:
621:. Retrieved
614:the original
597:
586:. Retrieved
584:. 2011-06-11
575:
554:. Retrieved
552:. 2011-06-16
543:
539:
532:
521:. Retrieved
514:
506:
495:. Retrieved
491:the original
476:
465:. Retrieved
461:the original
450:
443:
398:
392:
382:
368:
366:
352:
351:
341:
333:
327:
309:
307:
297:
293:
292:
284:
279:
270:
262:
257:β-lactamases
221:
207:
200:obtained by
196:Analysis of
195:
184:
176:
168:
160:
159:
158:
149:
148:
131:
130:
113:
101:
25:
18:
3876:WikiProject
3713:(Hong Kong)
3450: [
3412:Devon colic
3286:Breast milk
3258:Nonylphenol
3233:Bisphenol A
3170:controversy
3037:Hepatitis E
3032:Hepatitis A
3010:Enterovirus
3003:Cronobacter
2960:Trichinosis
2930:Fasciolosis
2900:Anisakiasis
2871:controversy
2764:Adulterants
2528:Pseudomonas
2276:Haemophilus
2257:Haemophilus
2212:Yersiniosis
2163:Shigellosis
1867:Melioidosis
1676:B. quintana
1672:B. henselae
1619:Brucellosis
998:FNR regulon
357:carbapenems
330:immunoassay
227:copy-number
213:Shiga toxin
102:Escherichia
3627:Regulation
3610:death toll
3379:Shortening
3344:Acrylamide
3273:Food fraud
3253:Mycotoxins
3086:Pesticides
3060:Salmonella
2935:Giardiasis
2895:Amoebiasis
2839:Flavorings
2708:cellulitis
2291:H. ducreyi
2278:meningitis
1800:ungrouped:
1493:Flea-borne
1452:Mite-borne
1310:Tick-borne
1152:Rho factor
1142:Pathogenic
1137:Min System
1102:Aerobactin
983:CPS operon
665:2011-06-16
623:2011-06-15
588:2011-06-15
556:2011-06-20
546:(STpEAEC)"
523:2011-06-04
497:2011-06-02
467:2011-06-02
375:References
367:Spread of
363:Prevention
3673:ISO 22000
3635:watchdogs
3631:standards
3605:outbreaks
3506:outbreaks
3384:Trans fat
3296:Olive oil
3218:Aflatoxin
3192:Sucralose
3177:Saccharin
3165:Aspartame
3109:Malathion
3054:Rotavirus
3049:Norovirus
2625:infection
2623:Aeromonas
2530:infection
2445:Tularemia
2297:Chancroid
2069:infection
2051:Slow/weak
1965:Pneumonia
1906:Pertussis
1787:Gonorrhea
1440:infection
1147:EnvZ/OmpR
910:Outbreaks
775:205093464
348:Treatment
324:Diagnosis
318:fenugreek
304:Infection
245:tellurite
174:bacterium
109:Species:
3891:Category
3866:Cookbook
3846:Category
3648:E number
3540:outbreak
3497:outbreak
3488:outbreak
3238:Dieldrin
3187:Sorbitol
3043:Listeria
2983:Botulism
2811:Melamine
2781:Aldicarb
2153:flexneri
2067:Serratia
1881:Glanders
1066:O104:H21
803:Archived
767:21696328
719:16807997
685:O104:H4"
435:21799941
394:PLoS One
310:E. coli
276:diarrhea
231:prophage
126:Strain:
87:Family:
57:Phylum:
51:Bacteria
47:Domain:
3856:Commons
3729:(Spain)
3538:E. coli
3504:E. coli
3495:E. coli
3486:E. coli
3306:Seafood
3206:poisons
3104:Lindane
3068:E. coli
3027:O157:H7
3019:O104:H4
2821:Sudan I
2791:Cyanide
2472:Cholera
2418:Q fever
2021:O104:H4
2016:O157:H7
1670:Either
1299:Spotted
1095:Related
1081:O157:H7
1071:O104:H4
1038:Strains
860:"CDC -
710:2688167
576:E. coli
540:E. coli
515:E. coli
451:E. coli
426:3140518
403:Bibcode
369:E. coli
353:E. coli
342:E. coli
298:E. coli
294:E. coli
274:(STEC)
271:E. coli
251:intimin
208:E. coli
163:O104:H4
115:E. coli
97:Genus:
77:Order:
67:Class:
3311:Shrimp
3248:Dioxin
3202:Toxins
2776:3-MCPD
2194:Plague
2157:boydii
2149:sonnei
1250:Typhus
1132:LacUV5
1117:EcoCyc
1008:RecBCD
773:
765:
717:
707:
433:
423:
235:genome
165:is an
3454:]
3301:Prawn
3281:Bread
2854:Sugar
2591:HACEK
2371:HACEK
2311:HACEK
1822:HACEK
1301:fever
976:Genes
851:>.
838:>.
822:>.
809:>.
771:S2CID
655:(PDF)
617:(PDF)
606:(PDF)
183:2011
2849:Salt
2137:H2S−
2103:H2S+
2094:Lac−
1946:Lac+
1076:O121
1028:RpoS
1023:RpoN
1018:RpoF
1013:RpoE
1003:OmpT
988:DnaG
798:<
783:>
779:<
763:PMID
715:PMID
431:PMID
334:stx2
280:stx2
263:The
225:and
3316:Tea
3291:Egg
3099:DDT
1936:OX−
1674:or
993:Fis
753:doi
749:365
705:PMC
697:doi
550:BGI
457:BGI
421:PMC
411:doi
338:PCR
202:BGI
3893::
3633:,
3629:,
3452:ar
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399:6
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