72:
256:
522:, offering Chaplin a higher production salary and his own production unit. Chaplin made fourteen short comedies for Essanay in 1915-1916, at both the Chicago and Niles studios, plus a cameo appearance in the Broncho Billy film 'His Regeneration'. Chaplin's Essanays are more disciplined than the chaotic roughhouse of Chaplin's Keystones, with better story value and character development. The landmark film of the Chaplin series is
528:(1915), in which Chaplin's vagabond character finds work on a farm and is smitten with the farmer's daughter. Chaplin injected moments of drama and pathos unheard of in slapstick comedies (the tramp is felled by a gunshot wound, and then disappointed in romance). The film ends with the famous shot of the lonely tramp with his back to the camera, walking down the road dejectedly until shrugging off his disappointment.
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more temperate Los
Angeles. He left Essanay after only one year for more money and more creative control elsewhere. His departure caused a rift between founders Spoor and Anderson. Chaplin was the studio's biggest moneymaker, and Essanay resorted to creating "new" Chaplin comedies from file footage and out-takes. Finally, with Chaplin off the Essanay scene for good, Essanay signed French comedian
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38:
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Silent films were largely photographed outdoors for the natural sunlight; even some interior scenes were filmed outdoors, with theatrical scenery propped up behind the actors. Chaplin didn't like the unpredictable weather of
Chicago or the chilly climate of Niles, and moved his production unit to the
467:
at the mouth of Niles Canyon, "Essanay built 10 modest cottages for their actors on 2nd Street, between F and G streets, and constructed an unassuming (200-foot) studio nearby", across the street from the railroad tracks. More than 350 films were produced in Niles by
Essanay. On 16 February 1916, the
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and television commercials. Wilding's tenancy was much longer than
Essanay's; he maintained the physical plant until at least 1967, when trade magazines stopped mentioning "Wilding, Inc." In the early 1970s, a portion of the studio was offered to Columbia College (Chicago) for one dollar, but the
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and having actor Leo White film new scenes in
Chicago to connect the older Chaplin scenes. Exhibitors were suspicious of the film's authenticity, so Spoor went public. "I wish to state that the film is new in its entirety, just as advertised, and is not a rehash, nor a reissue under a new title,"
259:
Group photograph of the
Essanay stock company in Chicago, Illinois, 1911: Top row, left to right: Joseph Dailey, F. Doolittle, Inez Callahan, William J. Murray, Curtis Cooksey, Helen Lowe, Howard Missimer, Miss Lavalliet, Cyril Raymond. Middle row: Florence Hoffman, Harry Cashman, Alice Donovan,
111:
comedies produced in 1915-1916. In late 1916, it merged distribution with other studios and stopped issuing films in the fall of 1918. According to film historian Steve Massa, Essanay is one of the important early studios, with comedies as a particular strength. Founders Spoor and
Anderson were
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issues, complete from the first issue through May 1915, and received $ 1,250 from
Essanay for the one hundred stories they selected. Essanay failed to return the magazines to Kane, who sued them for $ 20,000 compensation for the loss of the magazines, eventually winning his case in the
260:
Frank Dayton, Harry McRae
Webster (producer/director), Lottie Briscoe (leads), William C. Walters, Rose Evans. Bottom row: Eva Prout (Evebelle Ross Prout), Bobbie Guhl, Jack Essanay (dog), Charlotte Vacher, Tommy Shirley (Thomas P. Shirley).
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The
Chicago studio continued to produce films until 1918, reaching a total of well over 1,400 Essanay titles during its ten-year history. In a last-ditch attempt to cash in on Charlie Chaplin's popularity, Essanay cobbled together
422:
comedies were produced as well by the Chicago company, including installments showcasing the small boy "Dreamy Dud" and his dog "Wag", who in the early 1900s were among the favorite cartoon characters of theater audiences.
612:, to acquire a hundred stories from the magazine to turn into "Black Cat" films, each about half-an-hour long. The plan was to release one picture a week, starting on December 5, 1916 with "The Egg", a comedy starring
243:(then the studio janitor), produced for only a couple hundred dollars, grossed several thousand dollars in release. The studio prospered and in 1908 moved to its more famous address at 1333–45 W. Argyle Street in
443:
in 1909, "Colorado is the finest place in the country for Wild West stuff". The Western operations moved to California, but traveled between Northern to Southern California seasonally. This included locations in
657:, however, Essanay is presenting an entirely new film as stated." The finished film found an audience, since new Chaplin comedies were then hard to come by, but the revenue wasn't enough to save the company.
2143:
107:, originally as the Peerless Film Manufacturing Company, then as Essanay (formed by the founders' initials: S and A) on August 10, 1907. Essanay is probably best known today for its series of
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332:. The mainstay of the organization, however, was studio co-owner Gilbert Anderson, starring in the very popular "Broncho Billy" Westerns, and ultimately its biggest star was
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in the San Francisco East Bay Area, setting up in Frank Mortimer's empty barn on Second between G and H Streets, for interior scenes. The next year in the town of
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was also a screenwriter for the studio and went on to be a powerful Hollywood gossip columnist. Owners Spoor (in 1948) and Anderson (in 1958) received the
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offer lapsed without action. Then it was given to a non-profit television corporation which sold it. One tenant was the midwest office of
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Attempting to capitalize on the popularity of Chaplin, the studio in 1915 had its cartoon character Dreamy Dud in a Chaplin-themed short
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435:'s seasonal weather patterns and the popularity of Westerns, Gilbert Anderson took a part of the company west, first to
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1982:
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Essanay was originally located at 501 Wells Street (modern numbering: 1360 N. Wells). Essanay's first film,
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Spoor explained. "The facts are that at the time of making the picture it went under the working title of
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format, in 1930. He died in Chicago in 1953. G. M. Anderson became an independent producer, sponsoring
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The Essanay building in Chicago was later taken over by independent producer Norman Wilding, who made
2012:
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In 1916, Essanay arranged a deal with William Kane, who later become the publisher and editor of
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was hired by Essanay Studios as a screenwriter and developed into a famous Hollywood director.
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George K. Spoor continued to work in the motion picture industry, introducing an unsuccessful
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Niles lot was closed by George K. Spoor via telegram. By the 1930s, it had been torn down.
2017:
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Cinema and Community: Progressivism, Exhibition, and Film Culture in Chicago, 1907-1917
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653:. has reissued Chaplin pictures, and has always stated that they were reissues. In
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Essanay Film Manufacturing Company logo in a still frame from a Charlie Chaplin film
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1273:"Chaplin's Little Tramp, an Everyman Trying to Gild Cage of Life, Enthralled World"
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In 1915, in a effort to save the studio, Essanay entered into an agreement with
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1935:
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594:. Only the Vitagraph brand name continued into the 1920s, and was absorbed by
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Charlie Chaplin (1915) walking down the road dejectedly, in the last scene of
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1246:"Chaplin's The Tramp – 'New' Views of One of Cinema's Most Iconic Scenes"
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in a series of silent comedies. Anderson died in Los Angeles in 1971.
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1193:"East Bay Tramp: Charlie Chaplin took over Niles and then the world"
514:
In late 1914, Essanay succeeded in hiring Charlie Chaplin away from
1060:, Vol. 5, No. 23, December 4, 1909. Excerpted in Pratt, George C.,
133:
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495:
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254:
1356:
Buccaneer: James Stuart Blackton and the Birth of American Movies
755:
Hollywood on Lake Michigan: 100 Years of Chicago & the Movies
362:
Essanay's productions include the first American film version of
990:"Flickering Empire: How Chicago Invented the U.S. Film Industry"
963:
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system in 1923, and Spoor-Berggren Natural Vision, a 65 mm
89:
51:
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1501:. Detroit, Michigan: Wayne State University Press. p. 55.
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404:(1909). The studio in 1916 also released the first American
644:, taking material from an unfinished Chaplin project called
336:, who for a time had his own production unit at the studio.
898:
The First Lady of Hollywood: A Biography of Louella Parsons
1752:
Nilesfilmmuseum.org: "Story of Essanay Studios in Niles"
1158:
1156:
902:. California: University of California Press. pp.
382:
about the nineteenth-century American outlaw brothers
2144:
Defunct companies based in the San Francisco Bay Area
1742:
Nilesfilmmuseum.org: Niles−Essanay Silent Film Museum
1611:"ESSANAY FILM MFG. CO. v. KANE , 258 U.S. 358 (1922)"
1437:
Film Censorship in America: A State-by-State History
1062:
Spellbound In Darkness: A History of the Silent Film
1970:
1954:
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1807:
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History TV: "An animated history of Essanay Studios
394:gag on screen is believed to have hit Essanay star
217:
208:
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196:
157:
149:
144:
126:
57:
47:
1689:"Individual Landmarks City of Chicago Data Portal"
988:Smith, Michael Glover; Selzer, Adam (2015-01-20).
895:
858:
2129:Defunct mass media companies of the United States
586:to form a film distribution partnership known as
546:, who became his off-screen sweetheart as well;
2114:Buildings and structures in Fremont, California
1410:John Gilbert: The Last of the Silent Film Stars
2139:Defunct companies based in Greater Los Angeles
2104:Film production companies of the United States
1359:. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 150–151.
1784:
1187:
1185:
1165:"The Birth of Charlie Chaplin's Little Tramp"
590:. It was orchestrated by Chicago distributor
378:(1908), which is notable for being the first
354:, for their pioneering efforts with Essanay.
268:with such stars (and stars of the future) as
8:
1306:The Animated Silent Charlie Chaplin Cartoons
538:Chaplin's stock company at Essanay included
30:
2084:Mass media companies disestablished in 1918
1759:—detailed history and extensive filmography
1911:Former Chicago Historical Society Building
1791:
1777:
1769:
1712:Broncho Billy and the Essanay Film Company
1564:. Vol. XVI, no. 24. p. 1301
1086:Broncho Billy and the Essanay Film Company
459:In 1912 Anderson settled on a location in
123:
70:
36:
29:
1322:The Movies in the Age of Innocence, 3d ed
2079:Mass media companies established in 1907
1079:
1077:
2169:Landmarks in the San Francisco Bay Area
1386:. Oxford University Press. p. 25.
1319:Wagenknecht, Edward (13 October 2014).
1088:. Berkeley, California: Farwell Books.
717:
684:. Today the Essanay lot is the home of
153:1333-45 W. Argyle St, Chicago, Illinois
2099:Film distributors of the United States
1877:National Register of Historic Places /
1520:
1518:
1459:
1457:
1115:The Mercury News | Bay Area News Group
535:in which Dud watches a Chaplin short.
237:An Awful Skate, or The Hobo on Rollers
116:for pioneering contributions to film.
1022:The Encyclopedia of Animated Cartoons
785:National Film Preservation Foundation
757:, Lake Claremont Press, 1998, p. 37.
216:
207:
7:
2159:1918 disestablishments in California
2119:Cinema of the San Francisco Bay Area
1955:National Register of Historic Places
1843:National Register of Historic Places
1814:National Register of Historic Places
1163:Davis, Ann Leslie (1 January 2014).
1052:"The Essanay Company Out West" From
95:. The studio was founded in 1907 in
2109:Buildings and structures in Chicago
2134:Defunct companies based in Chicago
1921:Navy Pier Headhouse and Auditorium
1667:. Thunder Bay Press. p. 121.
1556:"Complete Record of Current Films"
1383:The Oxford History of World Cinema
1309:. Cartoon Research (May 20, 2019).
857:Heise, Kenan; Mark Frazel (1986).
86:Essanay Film Manufacturing Company
31:Essanay Film Manufacturing Company
25:
2154:1913 establishments in California
1064:New York Graphic Society. p 127.
1931:Tree Studio Building and Annexes
1635:Exhibitors Herald and Motography
1413:. University Press of Kentucky.
809:"When Chicago Created Hollywood"
707:Niles Essanay Silent Film Museum
620:. Kane loaned Essanay a set of
132:
27:American film production company
2149:1907 establishments in Illinois
2028:South Side Community Art Center
1978:Chess Records Office and Studio
1962:Field Museum of Natural History
1525:Anonymous (November 25, 1916).
1380:Nowell-Smith, Geoffrey (1996).
1217:Barack, Lauren (June 4, 1998).
1111:"Niles was the first Hollywood"
1025:. Checkmark Books. p. 26.
533:Dreamy Dud Sees Charlie Chaplin
2008:Museum of Science and Industry
1585:"Finding Against Film Company"
1554:Anonymous (December 9, 1916).
1434:Geltzer, Jeremy (2017-11-09).
488:and studio co-owner and actor
1:
2124:Cinema of Southern California
2094:Defunct American film studios
1733:Essanaystudios.org: Official
1271:Whitman, Alden (1977-12-26).
1109:Newhouse, Dave (2011-03-07).
992:. Columbia University Press.
112:subsequently awarded special
1841:National Historic Landmark /
1583:Anonymous (April 10, 1922).
1353:Dewey, Donald (2016-04-15).
1139:Museum of Local History .org
1926:South Shore Cultural Center
1464:Anonymous (July 28, 1917).
960:"Academy Awards, USA: 1958"
931:"Academy Awards, USA: 1948"
822:Swanson, Stevenson (1996).
731:University of Chicago Press
727:The Encyclopedia of Chicago
725:Grossman, James R. (2004).
580:Lubin Manufacturing Company
2185:
2043:Three Arts Club of Chicago
1998:Harris and Selwyn Theaters
1832:Lorado Taft Midway Studios
1809:National Historic Landmark
1744:at 37417 Niles Boulevard,
1646:"Natural Vision Picture",
1527:"Essanay Special Features"
1407:Golden, Eve (2013-04-12).
1219:"Charlie Chaplin in Niles"
376:The James Boys of Missouri
1765:- The Silent Film Channel
1440:. McFarland. p. 76.
1342:– via Google Books.
894:Barbas, Samantha (2005).
480:Essanay's stars in 1915:
251:Leading players and staff
229:
225:
140:
131:
35:
1650:, August 21, 1923, p. 6.
1532:The Moving Picture World
1475:The Editor and Publisher
1058:The Moving Picture World
508:Niles Canyon, California
506:, filmed on location in
127:Essanay Studios Building
88:, was an early American
1896:Chicago Cultural Center
1714:, Farwell Books, 2003.
1637:, Aug. 17, 1918, p. 26.
686:St. Augustine's College
584:Selig Polyscope Company
1946:Yondorf Block and Hall
1748:, Fremont, California.
1497:Luckett, Moya (2014).
1019:Lenburg, Jeff (1999).
511:
493:
368:(1908) as well as the
352:Academy Honorary Award
261:
239:(July 1907), starring
62:Broncho Billy Anderson
2074:Essanay Studios films
2053:Woman's Athletic Club
1665:Chicago: Then and Now
1303:Kevin Scott Collier.
1141:. Washington Township
1084:Kiehn, David (2003).
702:Chicago film industry
588:V-L-S-E, Incorporated
570:V-L-S-E, Incorporated
499:
479:
258:
1983:Civic Opera Building
1891:Bush Temple of Music
1763:Essanay Film Archive
1589:Lincoln Journal Star
733:. pp. 293–294.
418:in the title role.
2089:Silent film studios
181:41.9724°N 87.6638°W
177: /
145:General information
105:Gilbert M. Anderson
32:
1916:Krause Music Store
1906:Fine Arts Building
1827:Auditorium Theatre
1661:McNulty, Elizabeth
1648:The New York Times
1277:The New York Times
830:Contemporary Books
811:. Chicago Tribune.
618:Marguerite Clayton
512:
494:
482:Francis X. Bushman
410:film. Directed by
290:Francis X. Bushman
262:
101:George Kirke Spoor
66:George Kirke Spoor
2164:Chicago Landmarks
2061:
2060:
2013:New Regal Theater
1855:German submarine
1850:Adler Planetarium
1737:landmarks website
1720:978-0-9729226-5-4
1447:978-1-4766-6952-6
1420:978-0-8131-4163-3
1393:978-0-19-874242-5
1366:978-1-4422-4259-3
1252:. 16 October 2016
1197:East Bay Magazine
1135:"Movies in Niles"
1095:978-0-9729226-5-4
805:Phillips, Michael
763:978-0-9642426-2-3
753:Arnie Bernstein,
576:Vitagraph Studios
365:A Christmas Carol
264:Essanay produced
233:
232:
186:41.9724; -87.6638
79:
78:
16:(Redirected from
2176:
2048:Whistle Stop Inn
1988:Congress Theater
1971:Chicago Landmark
1886:Biograph Theater
1879:Chicago Landmark
1819:Chicago Landmark
1800:Chicago Landmark
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966:. Archived from
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937:. Archived from
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918:Louella Parsons.
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861:Hands on Chicago
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690:Chicago Landmark
677:industrial films
627:US Supreme Court
520:Keystone Studios
416:William Gillette
412:Arthur Berthelet
211:Chicago Landmark
192:
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82:Essanay Studios,
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18:Essanay Pictures
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2018:Portage Theater
1993:Essanay Studios
1966:
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1901:Chicago Theatre
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1802:cultural venues
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1735:Essanay Studios
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1705:Further reading
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1056:, reprinted in
1054:The Denver Post
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614:Richard Travers
604:
602:Black Cat films
572:
486:Charlie Chaplin
474:
441:The Denver Post
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407:Sherlock Holmes
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1478:. p. 31
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302:Helen Dunbar
266:silent films
263:
236:
234:
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2038:Thalia Hall
2033:Sunset Cafe
1591:. p. 1
1338:9 September
1224:Metroactive
869:. pp.
867:Bonus Books
832:. pp.
682:Technicolor
670:Stan Laurel
633:Final years
552:Bud Jamison
448:, north of
414:, it stars
388:Frank James
358:Productions
326:Edmund Cobb
314:Lewis Stone
184: /
159:Coordinates
2068:Categories
1936:Unity Hall
1694:2024-01-08
1620:January 4,
1561:Motography
1290:2024-01-31
1203:2024-01-31
1120:2024-01-31
1005:2019-05-24
974:2007-07-01
945:2007-07-01
790:2022-02-28
713:References
666:widescreen
564:Max Linder
540:Ben Turpin
446:San Rafael
439:. He told
396:Ben Turpin
340:Allan Dwan
298:Ann Little
274:Ben Turpin
241:Ben Turpin
218:Designated
172:87°39′50″W
169:41°58′21″N
1470:s Editor"
1285:0362-4331
779:Who's Who
692:in 1996.
598:in 1925.
556:John Rand
548:Leo White
525:The Tramp
503:The Tramp
1663:(2000).
1256:15 April
696:See also
437:Colorado
420:Animated
401:Mr. Flip
120:Founding
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1615:Findlaw
1468:Editor'
1230:17 July
1174:17 July
1145:17 July
781:(1910)"
433:Chicago
431:Due to
370:Western
150:Address
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197:Opened
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1746:Niles
834:88–89
465:Niles
384:Jesse
373:short
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1484:2022
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1388:ISBN
1361:ISBN
1340:2018
1327:ISBN
1281:ISSN
1258:2020
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1040:2020
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964:IMDb
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