620:
26:
634:
802:. Only four Esperantists were recorded in the kingdom by the 1890s, though the number increased to 211 by 1904. By 1928, the number of Esperanto speakers in Hungary had increased to 3,052 among 47 different Esperanto groups. In 1966, the
681:
in 1919, many
Esperantist groups supported the Communist government. Esperantist RezsĆ Rajczi was killed during the fall of the government and has been described as "the only known martyr for Esperanto in Hungary". The succeeding
747:
was shut down in 1949, and the
Esperanto Society of Hungary was shut down in 1950. Esperanto was restricted in Hungary both legally and socially, with Esperantists seen as opposed to the Communist Party.
485:
673:
Hungary was an early adopter of
Esperanto, with some of the original Esperantists residing in Austria-Hungary in the late-19th century. In 1913, it was reported that a police officer in
755:, a significant increase of Esperantist literature and poetry occurred in the 1950s and 1960s, including that of Hungarian poets such as Imre Baranyai and Lajos TĂĄrkony. Linguist
1556:
1244:
1741:
739:
In 1948, instruction of
Esperanto was permitted in public schools, and the spread of Esperanto was broadly supported by the government. As the influence of
606:
302:
1519:
1176:
752:
1973:
1249:
1563:
337:
1458:
1410:
1400:
1279:
1239:
1229:
1224:
683:
1587:
1317:
327:
297:
1999:
1784:
1659:
1573:
1463:
1189:
1145:
1126:
1103:
1080:
715:. A schism developed between the leftist and neutral factions of Esperantists in the 1930s, with leftist Esperantists founding the
2039:
1684:
1539:
442:
206:
811:
731:, as both protected Esperantist Jews. The Esperantist community was targeted by the Nazis when they gained control of Hungary.
599:
384:
292:
273:
245:
1332:
342:
1294:
2034:
1918:
1908:
1674:
652:
since its construction in the late-19th century. It saw notable use through the 20th century, though it was suppressed by
424:
360:
159:
1764:
1636:
1509:
1299:
1254:
1169:
480:
240:
1968:
1958:
1913:
1708:
1551:
1425:
1327:
1234:
772:
716:
1845:
1838:
1804:
1529:
1468:
1436:
1347:
592:
312:
186:
768:
720:
1582:
1546:
1450:
1289:
678:
462:
317:
230:
1883:
1749:
1720:
1622:
1534:
1443:
1269:
803:
332:
282:
677:
broke up an
Esperantist meeting an account of it being a "thieves' language". During the brief period of the
1953:
1832:
1799:
1730:
1694:
1664:
1628:
1524:
1514:
1499:
1374:
1284:
1219:
1162:
823:
139:
133:
674:
1794:
1264:
760:
1963:
1903:
1779:
1759:
1494:
1352:
419:
404:
374:
347:
287:
144:
63:
25:
1928:
1789:
1735:
1689:
1568:
1504:
1430:
1420:
1388:
1209:
828:
490:
447:
414:
369:
196:
92:
74:
1809:
1669:
1482:
1405:
496:
409:
255:
154:
79:
57:
1337:
777:
1992:
1948:
1923:
1890:
1824:
1774:
1679:
1654:
1617:
1605:
1415:
1364:
1322:
1304:
1197:
1118:
1095:
399:
394:
379:
307:
181:
149:
619:
1863:
1858:
1754:
1641:
1357:
1274:
1141:
1122:
1099:
1076:
700:
686:
often restricted the use of
Esperanto due to its associations with Communism in the country.
250:
235:
172:
67:
52:
2008:
1938:
1933:
1814:
1725:
1646:
691:
625:
224:
707:
that learned
Esperanto in 1911 and became an Esperantist writer while a prisoner-of-war in
558:
549:
1943:
1898:
1876:
1369:
1342:
1259:
799:
782:
764:
657:
201:
126:
106:
689:
Hungary became a notable region in the
Esperanto community when the Esperanto periodical
2013:
1869:
756:
322:
101:
2028:
1853:
696:
771:
was founded in 1955 and recognized by the
Ministry of Education in 1956, while the
724:
633:
260:
217:
712:
704:
457:
191:
743:
spread in eastern and central Europe, the use of
Esperanto was suppressed. The
1769:
699:
in 1922. Other notable Esperantists in Hungary at this time included linguist
112:
740:
645:
211:
119:
43:
32:
1214:
807:
1185:
1138:
Concise Encyclopedia of the Original Literature of Esperanto, 1887-2007
708:
649:
638:
728:
653:
1154:
767:
during this time. New Esperanto groups also formed in Hungary. The
632:
618:
513:
576:
798:
Of the first thousand recorded Esperantists, 19 were located in
1158:
531:
759:
learned Esperanto in 1959 and helped to revive it in Hungary.
540:
522:
452:
567:
24:
1115:
Dangerous Language â Esperanto and the Decline of Stalinism
846:
844:
502:
1092:
Dangerous Language â Esperanto Under Hitler and Stalin
810:, more than most other cities surveyed. In 1979, the
785:
became the first Esperantist to go to space in 1980.
727:, the presence of these groups was condemned by the
1823:
1707:
1604:
1481:
1387:
1196:
574:
565:
556:
547:
538:
529:
520:
511:
500:
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8:
1713:
1610:
1487:
1393:
1202:
1177:
1163:
1155:
607:
593:
15:
719:in opposition to the politically neutral
1054:
1042:
850:
840:
23:
1018:
1006:
994:
958:
922:
910:
898:
7:
1030:
982:
970:
946:
934:
886:
874:
862:
660:governments in the 1940s and 1950s.
703:that wrote in Esperanto and actor
298:World Esperanto Youth Organization
14:
812:Universal Esperanto Association
773:Hungarian Esperanto Association
293:Universal Esperanto Association
814:had 3,237 members in Hungary.
717:Hungarian Esperanto Federation
1:
160:Modern evolution of Esperanto
1245:Principality of Transylvania
775:was founded in 1960 and the
769:Esperanto Council of Hungary
721:Esperanto Society of Hungary
637:A sign in Esperanto Park in
481:Constructed languages portal
303:International Youth Congress
1280:Interwar Kingdom of Hungary
781:began publication in 1961.
763:contributed to Esperantist
735:Hungarian People's Republic
695:was founded in Budapest by
313:World Anational Association
2056:
1071:Forster, Peter G. (1982).
338:EuropeâDemocracyâEsperanto
275:Organizations and services
1986:
1742:Universities and colleges
1716:
1613:
1490:
1396:
1313:
1205:
1136:Sutton, Geoffrey (2008).
679:Hungarian Soviet Republic
463:Linguistic discrimination
1721:Anti-Hungarian sentiment
1401:Administrative divisions
804:World Esperanto Congress
734:
333:European Esperanto Union
283:World Esperanto Congress
2040:Demographics of Hungary
1629:Hungarian National Bank
1260:Austro-Hungarian Empire
824:Demographics of Hungary
623:The first issue of the
140:Declaration of Boulogne
134:Fundamento de Esperanto
1785:International rankings
1660:Science and technology
1540:Chief of General Staff
1235:OttomanâHungarian wars
1073:The Esperanto Movement
642:
630:
575:
566:
557:
548:
539:
530:
521:
512:
501:
241:Pop culture references
30:
1230:Late Medieval Kingdom
1225:High Medieval Kingdom
1113:Lins, Ulrich (2017).
1090:Lins, Ulrich (2016).
806:had 3,975 members in
636:
622:
348:Skolta Esperanto Ligo
288:Akademio de Esperanto
145:Montevideo Resolution
28:
2035:Esperanto in Hungary
1974:World Heritage Sites
1846:Palaces and mansions
1210:Hungarian prehistory
829:Languages of Hungary
448:Constructed language
343:Panamerican Congress
308:Esperanto Youth Week
1033:, pp. 114â118.
997:, pp. 243â246.
937:, pp. 143â144.
497:Esperanto Knowledge
155:Manifesto of Prague
19:Part of a series on
1924:Hungarian language
1775:Hungarian diaspora
1675:Telecommunications
1300:Revolution of 1956
1255:Revolution of 1848
1119:Palgrave Macmillan
1096:Palgrave Macmillan
684:Kingdom of Hungary
643:
631:
443:Auxiliary language
182:Esperanto movement
150:Manifesto of Rauma
31:
2022:
2021:
1982:
1981:
1765:Human trafficking
1703:
1702:
1600:
1599:
1564:Political parties
1510:Foreign relations
1477:
1476:
1383:
1382:
1295:People's Republic
1275:Treaty of Trianon
949:, pp. 77â78.
853:, pp. 19â23.
648:has been used in
617:
616:
328:Plouézec Meetings
2047:
2002:
1995:
1893:
1886:
1879:
1872:
1848:
1841:
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1631:
1611:
1590:
1576:
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1411:Cities and towns
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1240:Habsburg Kingdom
1203:
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761:SĂĄndor SzathmĂĄri
745:Literatura Mondo
692:Literatura Mondo
626:Literatura Mondo
609:
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225:Literatura Mondo
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1978:
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1882:
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1805:Public holidays
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1627:
1596:
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1530:Law enforcement
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1290:Second Republic
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849:
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837:
820:
800:Austria-Hungary
796:
791:
783:Bertalan Farkas
765:science fiction
737:
671:
666:
613:
584:
583:
495:
476:
468:
467:
438:
430:
429:
385:Czech Republicâ
365:
361:
353:
352:
278:
274:
266:
265:
231:Native speakers
177:
173:
165:
164:
127:La Esperantisto
107:Proto-Esperanto
97:
93:
85:
84:
62:
48:
44:
33:
12:
11:
5:
2053:
2051:
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2026:
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1996:
1988:
1987:
1984:
1983:
1980:
1979:
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1961:
1956:
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1665:Stock exchange
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1620:
1614:
1608:
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1597:
1595:
1594:
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1583:Prime Minister
1580:
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1578:
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1464:National parks
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1423:
1421:Extreme points
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1305:Third Republic
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1270:First Republic
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1059:
1047:
1045:, p. 385.
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1021:, p. 305.
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1009:, p. 357.
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987:
985:, p. 105.
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789:Modern Hungary
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757:Vilmos Benczik
753:Stalin's death
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675:Székesfehérvår
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437:Related topics
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29:Esperanto flag
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1750:Family policy
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1338:ĂrpĂĄd dynasty
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1250:RĂĄkĂłczi's War
1248:
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1243:
1241:
1238:
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1160:
1157:
1149:
1147:9781595690906
1143:
1139:
1134:
1130:
1128:9781352000207
1124:
1120:
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1105:9781349715053
1101:
1097:
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1088:
1084:
1082:9789027933997
1078:
1074:
1069:
1068:
1064:
1057:, p. 30.
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1027:
1024:
1020:
1015:
1012:
1008:
1003:
1000:
996:
991:
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1833:Architecture
1800:Prostitution
1731:Demographics
1695:Unemployment
1685:Trade unions
1520:Intelligence
1515:Human rights
1500:Constitution
1375:Coat of arms
1333:List of wars
1318:Christianity
1285:World War II
1220:Principality
1137:
1114:
1091:
1072:
1065:Bibliography
1055:Forster 1982
1050:
1043:Forster 1982
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978:
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794:Demographics
778:Hungara Vivo
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725:World War II
690:
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550:Vikikomunejo
425:Soviet Union
389:
318:Encyclopedia
261:Zamenhof Day
246:Publications
223:
218:Libera Folio
216:
132:
125:
118:
111:
1949:Spa culture
1780:Irredentism
1618:Agriculture
1547:Nationality
1265:World War I
1140:. Mondial.
1019:Sutton 2008
1007:Sutton 2008
995:Sutton 2008
959:Sutton 2008
923:Sutton 2008
911:Sutton 2008
899:Sutton 2008
713:World War I
705:Julio Baghy
701:GĂ©za BĂĄrczi
568:VikinovaĔoj
532:Vikifontaro
514:Vikivortaro
458:Homaranismo
192:Esperantujo
187:Esperantist
64:Orthography
2029:Categories
1964:Television
1929:Literature
1919:Inventions
1770:Hungarians
1760:Healthcare
1650:(currency)
1552:Parliament
1353:Holy Crown
835:References
751:Following
641:, Hungary.
577:VikivojaĔo
559:Vikispecoj
541:Vikilibroj
523:Vikicitaro
486:Task force
362:By country
197:Literature
113:Unua Libro
75:Vocabulary
1909:Festivals
1790:Languages
1736:Education
1690:Transport
1637:Companies
1569:President
1505:Elections
1459:Mountains
1431:Hydrology
1389:Geography
1031:Lins 2017
983:Lins 2017
971:Lins 2017
947:Lins 2017
935:Lins 2016
887:Lins 2016
875:Lins 2016
863:Lins 2016
741:Stalinism
723:. During
658:Communist
646:Esperanto
503:Vikipedio
475:Wikimedia
256:Profanity
236:Libraries
212:La Espero
120:Dua Libro
80:Etymology
58:Phonology
34:Esperanto
2009:Category
1914:Folklore
1891:Sausages
1810:Religion
1670:Taxation
1655:Industry
1535:Military
1483:Politics
1406:Counties
1365:Nobility
1348:Monarchs
1328:Military
1323:Economic
1215:Pannonia
1190:articles
818:See also
808:Budapest
420:Slovakia
405:Malaysia
375:Bulgaria
102:Zamenhof
45:Language
1993:Outline
1969:Theatre
1959:Symbols
1904:Fashion
1864:Cuisine
1839:Castles
1825:Culture
1709:Society
1680:Tourism
1647:Forint
1606:Economy
1557:Speaker
1495:Cabinet
1469:Regions
1437:Islands
1426:Geology
1416:Climate
1198:History
1186:Hungary
711:during
709:Siberia
664:History
650:Hungary
491:Outline
415:Romania
390:Hungary
370:Austria
251:Symbols
174:Culture
94:History
68:Braille
53:Grammar
2014:Portal
1884:Dishes
1859:Cinema
1755:Health
1642:Energy
1451:Rivers
1358:Regent
1188:
1144:
1125:
1102:
1079:
410:Poland
380:Chinaâ
2000:Index
1954:Sport
1944:Names
1939:Music
1934:Media
1899:Dance
1815:Women
1726:Crime
1623:Banks
1444:Lakes
729:Nazis
400:Korea
395:Japan
202:Music
1877:Beer
1870:Wine
1795:LGBT
1589:list
1575:list
1370:Flag
1343:King
1142:ISBN
1123:ISBN
1100:ISBN
1077:ISBN
656:and
654:Nazi
639:PĂ©cs
207:Film
1854:Art
1525:Law
453:Ido
2031::
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843:^
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66:(
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