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170:. In 1920 and 1921 she authored a series of articles in the journal Agricultural Alberta, describing her functional approach to domestic architecture and her belief in designing to allow in as much natural light as possible. Her application to join the Alberta Association of Architects may have been declined because she lacked the mandatory one year experience. Despite struggles, she found a job as a
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committee for five years. Working out of her parents' home, drafting designs on their dining room table, she became an independent architect in
Victoria, until her retirement in 1963. Hill's work was described as "utterly alone" in the male dominated world of architecture. While in Victoria, she
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in 1916, Hill started taking classes in architecture at the same institution, until the program was canceled and she had to transfer to the
University of Toronto. She graduated in 1920, becoming the first woman from the University of Toronto to receive a university degree in architecture.
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Hill struggled during her early career because of her gender. Backlash was felt from men in the architecture business, and opportunities were lacking for Hill. Upon graduation Hill was only able to find one job opportunity: as an
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She returned to New York to work with another woman architect but moved back to
Edmonton in 1928. She once more worked part-time for MacDonald and Magoon and continued to struggle to find full-time work. The
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201:. Upon returning to Canada, she reapplied to the Alberta Association of Architects. In 1925, Esther Hill became the first Canadian woman to be a registered architect.
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403:"Marjorie's Web: Canada's First Female Architect and Her Clients" in Rethinking professionalism : women and art in Canada, 1850-1970
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132:(where he served as Chief Librarian, 1912-1936), and her mother, Jennie Stork Hill, was one of the first 10 women to study at the
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462:'Marjorie's Web': Canada's First Architect and her Clients, in Rethinking Professionalism: Women and Art in Canada, 1850-1970
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hit, making things worse. Hill turned to anything she could to bring in income: teaching, weaving, making
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at MacDonald and Magoon
Architects in Edmonton. In the fall of 1922, she started taking classes in
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designed houses, churches, apartment buildings, retirement homes, and kitchens. She died in 1985.
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and the first woman to graduate in architecture from the
University of Toronto (1920).
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Constructing
Careers: Profiles of Five Early Women Architects in British Columbia
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University of
Toronto Archives & Records Management Services
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in 1936 with her parents, and after World War II she founded her own
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Adams, Annmarie (2012). Kristina
Huneault; Janice Anderson (eds.).
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464:. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. pp. 380–399.
405:. Montréal: McGill-Queen's University Press. pp. 280–300.
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University of
Toronto Archives and Records Management Services
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Designing women: gender and the architectural profession
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Hill graduating from the
University of Toronto in 1920.
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100 More Canadian Heroines: Famous and Forgotten Faces
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A studio portrait of Hill, taken between 1923 and 1928
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136:. After earning her Bachelor of Arts degree at the
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302:Women in Architecture Exhibits Committee (1996).
124:. Her father, E. Lincoln Hill, was a teacher and
306:. Vancouver: Women in Architecture. p. 20.
248:Some of her drawings are in the Archives of the
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166:department store. Eventually she returned to
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105:(May 29, 1895 – January 7, 1985) was a
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340:. Dundurn Press Ltd. pp. 174–176.
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651:20th-century Canadian textile artists
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646:20th-century Canadian women artists
641:20th-century women textile artists
334:Merna Forster (7 September 2011).
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271:"Canada's First Female Architect"
636:20th-century Canadian architects
577:E. Marjorie Hill archival papers
178:from the University of Toronto.
435:. University of Toronto Press.
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16:Canadian architect and artist
621:University of Toronto alumni
528:How to use archival material
231:Canadian National Exhibition
541:Library and Archives Canada
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219:Victoria, British Columbia
631:Canadian women architects
225:. She still continued to
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460:Adams, Annmarie (2012).
236:In 1953, she joined the
606:Canadian urban planners
556:"Hill, Esther Marjorie"
429:; Peta Tancred (2000).
130:Edmonton Public Library
558:, Architects in Canada
546:"Esther Marjorie Hill"
537:"Esther Marjorie Hill"
516:E. Marjorie Hill fonds
372:"Esther Marjorie Hill"
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376:Canadian Encyclopedia
279:University of Toronto
250:University of Toronto
189:, apprenticing under
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138:University of Alberta
134:University of Toronto
87:University of Toronto
626:Women urban planners
566:The Montreal Gazette
562:"Architect E.M.Hill"
103:Esther Marjorie Hill
45:Esther Marjorie Hill
23:Esther Marjorie Hill
382:on February 3, 2013
187:Columbia University
616:People from Guelph
568:, January 14, 1985
240:and served on the
223:architectural firm
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442:978-0-8020-8219-0
412:978-0-7735-3966-2
347:978-1-4597-0086-4
160:interior designer
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191:Anna Schenck
181:She went to
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76:(1985-01-07)
55:May 29, 1895
601:1985 deaths
596:1895 births
487:Archives at
386:February 6,
195:Marcia Mead
590:Categories
353:6 February
256:References
116:Early life
51:1895-05-29
233:in 1942.
126:librarian
110:architect
96:Architect
83:Education
496:Location
168:Edmonton
128:for the
107:Canadian
65:, Canada
284:21 July
172:drafter
164:Eaton's
63:Ontario
511:Source
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211:gloves
197:, and
153:Career
59:Guelph
227:weave
466:ISBN
437:ISBN
407:ISBN
388:2012
355:2012
342:ISBN
308:ISBN
286:2013
213:and
71:Died
41:Born
162:at
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
