31:
53:
587:
447:
and her team recommended placing the
Fuscideaceae-Ophioparmaceae-Umbilicariaceae grouping into a distinct order, Umbilicariales, under the class Lecanoromycetidae, yet this classification was not officially adopted. Bylin and associates (2007) observed Fuscideacea as a close relative to Umbilicariales, despite a lack of strong evidence. The
1153:
Miadlikowska, J.; Kauff, F.; Hofstetter, V.; Fraker, E.; Grube, M.; Hafellner, J.; Reeb, V.; Hodkinson, B.P.; Kukwa, M.; LĂĽcking, R.; Hestmark, G.; Otalora, M.G.; Rauhut, A.; BĂĽdel, B.; Scheidegger, C.; Timdal, E.; Stenroos, S.; Brodo, I.; Perlmutter, G.B.; Ertz, D.; Diederich, P.; Lendemer, J.C.;
446:
as a closely related group to the
Fuscideaceae, suggesting the establishment of a new order named Umbilicariales to encompass both groups. Wedin and others (2005) acknowledged a potential relationship between the Fuscideaceae and Umbilicariaceae, though with limited evidence. In 2006, Miadlikowska
611:). Fuscideaceae asci typically release eight or more spores, which are generally non-segmented (aseptate) or rarely divided once (1-septate), and range in colour from clear to pale brown. The shape of these spores can vary, with some resembling beans or showing a pinched middle section. The
451:
were reclassified with a provisional placement within the
Umbilicariales due to an unclear relationship. Contrarily, Bendiksby and Timdal (2013) contested the inclusion of Fuscideaceae within the Umbilicariales despite noting similarities in the ascus structure between
431:. He described the similarities in the ascus structure between the Teloschistaceae and Fuscideaceae as "unmistakable". Miadlikowska and colleagues (2006) discovered that the resemblance in ascus structure between the Fuscideaceae and Teloschistales is due to
1261:
Wedin, Mats; Wiklund, Elisabeth; Crewe, Anna; Döring, Heidi; Ekman, Stefan; Nyberg, Åsa; Schmitt, Imke; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2005). "Phylogenetic relationships of
Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota) as revealed by analyses of mtSSU and nuLSU rDNA sequence data".
1225:
Reeb, Valérie; Lutzoni, François; Roux, Claude (2004). "Contribution of RPB2 to multilocus phylogenetic studies of the euascomycetes (Pezizomycotina, Fungi) with special emphasis on the lichen-forming
Acarosporaceae and evolution of polyspory".
603:) feature a distinctive staining pattern when treated with certain chemical dyes (K/I+ dark blue for the external and internal layers, surrounded by a thick K/I+ pale blue gelatinous cap, but with a K/I– tube at the centre, or
1154:
May, P.; Schoch, C.L.; Arnold, A.E. (2006). "New insights into classification and evolution of the
Lecanoromycetes (Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota) from phylogenetic analyses of three ribosomal RNA and two protein-coding genes".
1189:
Lutzoni, François; Kauff, Frank; Cox, Cymon J.; McLaughlin, David; Celio, Gail; Dentinger, Bryn; et al. (2004). "Assembling the fungal tree of life: progress, classification, and evolution of subcellular traits".
460:, characterised by an amyloid inner and outer layer separated by a nonamyloid layer. Molecular work by Miadlikowska and colleagues in 2014 showed that the family occupies an outlying clade within the order
1344:
Umbilicariales, including Elixia (Elixiaceae), Fuscidea (Fuscideaceae), Hypocenomyce and
Ophioparma (Ophioparmaceae), Ropalospora (Ropalosporaceae) and Lasallia, Umbilicaria and Xylopsora (Umbilicariaceae)
1003:
Bylin, Anya; Arnerup
Christiansson, Jenny; Högberg, Nils; Thor, Göran (2007). "A phylogenetic study of Fuscideaceae using mtSSU rDNA". In Frisch, Andreas; Lange, Ute; Staiger, Bettina (eds.).
232:, which primarily grow on tree bark, rocks, or occasionally on wood or leaves. Fuscideaceae lichens are characterised by their reproductive structures, cup-like formations called
415:
Since its proposal in 1984, the classification of family
Fuscidaceae has been a matter of some debate. Hafellner originally thought the family to be more closely related to the
1481:
Kantvilas, G. 2004. Fuscideaceae. Pp. 173–187 in: McCarthy, P.M. & Mallett, K. (eds), Flora of
Australia 56A, Lichens 4. Melbourne: ABRS, Canberra & CSIRO Publishing.
1794:
349:
studies, particularly those by Anya Bylin et al. (2007), Jolanta Miadlikowska et al. (2014), and research by Martina Zahradnikova (2017), which demonstrated that
1846:
1690:
1035:"A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families"
1768:
833:
was previously included in the family, but molecular analysis published in 2017 has since excluded it, and its phylogenetic affinity is considered
1807:
387:, which comprises over 40 widely distributed species. To preserve nomenclatural stability and avoid the extensive renaming that transferring all
1917:
1498:"A Review of the Lichens of the Dare Regional Biodiversity Hotspot in the Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain of North Carolina, Eastern North America"
407:. This approach aims to minimise name changes, maintaining a monophyletic group within Fuscideaceae and supporting nomenclatural consistency.
1383:
1012:
941:
539:, which are cup-like fungal structures. These can be either partially embedded in the thallus or sitting atop it (ranging from more or less
707:, contains over 40 species that are primarily found in the Northern Hemisphere, although they also occur in the Southern Hemisphere. Genus
1378:. Vol. 1/2 (13 ed.). Berlin Stuttgart: Gebr. Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung, Borntraeger Science Publishers. pp. 150–151.
910:
1902:
1419:
1912:
1033:
Miadlikowska, Jolanta; Kauff, Frank; Högnabba, Filip; Oliver, Jeffrey C.; Molnár, Katalin; Fraker, Emily; et al. (2014).
1812:
1833:
380:
843:
is another genus that was included in the Fuscideaceae (sometimes tentatively), but it has since been synonymised with
52:
712:
1851:
262:
248:), some of which are unique to this family, and these chemicals are often used to help identify different species.
696:
1907:
621:
605:
573:
565:
557:
549:
541:
533:
514:
498:
490:
295:
237:
957:
Wijayawardene, N.N.; Hyde, K.D.; Dai, D.Q.; Sánchez-GarcĂa, M.; Goto, B.T.; Saxena, R.K.; et al. (2022).
334:
In a recent proposal by Heidi Lie Andersen and Tor Tønsberg, published in late 2023, there has been a call to
1342:
345:, to addressing a taxonomic and nomenclatural issue in the Fuscideaceae. This suggestion stems from multiple
1897:
438:
In some preliminary molecular work, Lutzoni and colleages concluded that the family was associated with the
346:
236:, which can vary in colour from red to dark brown or black. The family has undergone several changes in its
1643:
1371:
672:
39:
1563:
Wirth, V.; Vězda, A. (1972). "Zur Systematik der Lecidea cyathoides-Gruppe" [On the taxonomy of the
1087:
Taxonomy and phylogeny of the family Fuscideaceae (Umbilicariales, Ascomycota) with special emphasis on
327:
have been proposed for inclusion in the Fuscideaceae, but they are now both placed in a new family, the
680:
668:
592:
1861:
1716:
1613:
1303:
sensu lato (Ascomycota: Lecanoromycetes): Extreme polyphyly and morphological/ecological convergence"
684:
676:
1760:
1341:
Cannon, Paul; Fryday, Alan; Coppins, Brian; Aptroot, André; Sanderson, Neil; Simkin, Janet (2024).
1005:
Lichenologische Nebenstunden. Contributions to lichen taxonomy and ecology in honour of Klaus Kalb
1464:
745:
741:
733:
647:, or no lichen products at all. Other secondary chemical compounds found in Fuscideaceae include
47:
884:
Studies towards a natural classification of the collective families Lecanoraceae and Lecideaceae
30:
1681:
932:
Tehler, A.; Wedin, M. (2008). "Systematics of lichenized fungi". In Nash III, Thomas H. (ed.).
879:
Studien in Richtung einer natĂĽrlichen Gliederung der Sammelfamilien Lecanoracae und Lecideaceae
1869:
1703:
1415:
1389:
1379:
1279:
1243:
1207:
1171:
1064:
1008:
937:
737:
1874:
1799:
1595:
1545:
1509:
1456:
1314:
1271:
1235:
1199:
1163:
1133:
1054:
1046:
980:
970:
802:
439:
281:
197:
177:
898:
716:
473:
469:
448:
443:
416:
266:
217:
119:
94:
1747:
1549:
1007:. Bibliotheca Lichenologica. Vol. 96. Berlin/Stuttgart: J. Cramer. pp. 49–60.
571:
varies from red to dark brown or black. Inside these structures, the supportive tissue (
1755:
1621:
1059:
1034:
834:
509:
465:
461:
428:
399:
into several smaller genera would entail, the authors advocate for conserving the name
383:
in 1856, consists of about 12 species, with a more restricted distribution compared to
335:
328:
245:
241:
104:
1695:
770:
Tentative placement in the Fuscideaceae. Its single species has a crust-like thallus,
1891:
958:
877:
648:
1586:
Kalb, Klaus; Aptroot, André (2018). "New lichen species from Brazil and Venezuela".
975:
1708:
1167:
857:
is kept in the Fuscideaceae pending the nomenclatural decision regarding its name.
850:
845:
826:
652:
424:
366:
354:
586:
1838:
1781:
1675:
1599:
1239:
1050:
663:. Specific compounds identified from various members of the family include the
612:
558:
521:
420:
1666:
1275:
758:
660:
580:
515:
323:
270:
159:
128:
84:
1393:
488:), which often presents as a collection of tightly packed, cracked segments (
1742:
1729:
700:
656:
644:
628:
574:
432:
427:, and he classified the family in the suborder Teloschistineae of the order
317:
233:
221:
205:
64:
1283:
1247:
1211:
1203:
1175:
1068:
499:
296:
534:
496:). It is not uncommon for these lichens to have a darker outline or base (
1820:
1660:
886:]. Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia (in German). Vol. 79. p. 278.
839:
813:
780:
622:
542:
528:
491:
275:
183:
165:
141:
1376:
Syllabus of Plant Families: Adolf Engler's Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien
774:-type asci, and green coccoid photobiont, but lacks any lichen products.
711:
contains a single species that is found exclusively in North Carolina's
550:
240:
over the years, with recent genetic studies placing it within the order
1618:
D. Hawksw. & R. Sant., in Jahns, Biblthca Lichenol. 38: 136 (1990)"
1468:
985:
791:
725:
720:
664:
640:
616:
606:
505:
485:
307:
229:
171:
1786:
1138:
1113:
1514:
1497:
566:
504:), and some species may develop clusters of reproductive structures (
225:
213:
74:
1825:
1773:
1637:
1460:
1319:
1298:
1734:
1412:
The Sorediate and Isidiate, Corticolous, Crustose Lichens in Norway
220:
appearance and are found worldwide, though they are most common in
1350:. Revisions of British and Irish Lichens. Vol. 39. p. 3.
600:
585:
372:
209:
201:
150:
1527:
1525:
1496:
Lendemer, James C.; Harris, Richard C.; Ruiz, Ana Maria (2016).
1641:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1721:
1569:
Beiträge zur Naturkundlichen Forschung in Südwestdeutschland
1536:(Fuscideaceae), a new lichen genus from alpine Australia".
936:(2nd ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
244:. Fuscideaceae lichens produce various chemical compounds (
1028:
1026:
1024:
285:
in his original conception of the family. He considered
1491:
1489:
1487:
527:
The reproductive structures of these lichens, known as
1370:
Jaklitsch, Walter; Baral, Hans-Otto; LĂĽcking, Robert;
1336:
1334:
1332:
1330:
703:
locales. The most extensive genus within this group,
579:) consists of sparsely to richly branched filaments (
1092:(PhD). Bergen: University of Bergen. pp. 88 pp.
1650:
1532:
Kantvilas, Gintaras; McCarthy, Patrick M. (2003). "
1080:
1078:
998:
996:
1405:
1403:
871:
869:
719:, Australia, is the only known location for the
305:series (2006), Ove Eriksson included the genus
1414:. Sommerfeltia. Vol. 14. pp. 51–53.
959:"Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa – 2021"
699:, although species are predominantly found in
555:), and may or may not have a noticeable rim (
484:Fuscideaceae lichens have a crust-like body (
315:-type asci as the diagnostic character. Both
8:
1435:Ekman, Stefan (1993). "A taxonomic study of
1365:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1357:
442:. Reeb and colleagues (2004) identified the
1112:Andersen, Heidi Lie; Tønsberg, Tor (2023).
639:Fuscideaceae species typically have either
1638:
512:partner within these lichens is typically
29:
20:
1513:
1318:
1299:"Molecular phylogenetics and taxonomy of
1137:
1058:
984:
974:
301:apothecia and multi-spored asci. In his
1297:Bendiksby, Mika; Timdal, Einar (2013).
865:
1114:"(2968) Proposal to conserve the name
1228:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
1039:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
695:Collectively, the Fuscideaceae has a
7:
1862:756fb6be-5314-4adb-9804-6378182efe6a
913:from the original on 29 January 2016
1550:10.1016/j.lichenologist.2003.08.002
796:Kantvilas & P.M.McCarthy (2003)
583:), which often have coloured tips.
224:regions. The family includes five
14:
615:are in the form of pycnidia; the
563:). The colour of the apothecia's
216:. These lichens typically have a
763:Lendemer & R.C.Harris (2016)
51:
365:species nested within a larger
1374:(2016). Frey, Wolfgang (ed.).
1168:10.1080/15572536.2006.11832636
1085:ZahradnĂková, Martina (2017).
899:"Outline of Ascomycota – 2006"
16:Family of lichen-forming fungi
1:
1918:Taxa named by Josef Hafellner
732:Fuscideaceae species usually
381:Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo
311:in Fuscideaceae based on its
590:Kidney bean-shaped spore of
1600:10.1639/0007-2745-121.1.056
1439:, and a comparison between
1240:10.1016/j.ympev.2004.04.012
1051:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.04.003
713:Albemarle-Pamlico Peninsula
599:The spore-producing cells (
1934:
1192:American Journal of Botany
785:V.Wirth & Vězda (1972)
1276:10.1017/s0953756204002102
976:10.5943/mycosphere/13/1/2
818:Kalb & Aptroot (2018)
697:cosmopolitan distribution
303:Outline of the Ascomycota
269:in 1984. He included the
156:
149:
134:
127:
48:Scientific classification
46:
37:
28:
23:
1903:Lecanoromycetes families
1122:(lichenized Ascomycota)"
691:Habitat and distribution
508:) on their surface. The
289:as sort of a version of
897:Eriksson, O.E. (2006).
631:in shape, and hyaline.
1913:Taxa described in 1984
1437:Ropalospora chlorantha
1204:10.3732/ajb.91.10.1446
876:Hafellner, J. (1984).
596:
1410:Tønsberg, T. (1992).
589:
464:, which includes the
265:by the lichenologist
208:] relationships with
1372:Lumbsch, H. Thorsten
1264:Mycological Research
679:; the benzyl esters
673:nordivaricatic acid
531:, take the form of
40:Fuscidea cyathoides
1565:Lecidea cyathoides
740:, or more rarely,
597:
1885:
1884:
1870:Open Tree of Life
1644:Taxon identifiers
1614:"Record Details:
1538:The Lichenologist
1385:978-3-443-01089-8
1198:(10): 1446–1480.
1139:10.1002/tax.12995
1014:978-3-443-58075-9
943:978-0-521-69216-8
681:alectorialic acid
619:are non-septate,
336:conserve the name
191:
190:
123:
1925:
1878:
1877:
1865:
1864:
1855:
1854:
1842:
1841:
1839:NHMSYS0001482522
1829:
1828:
1816:
1815:
1803:
1802:
1790:
1789:
1777:
1776:
1764:
1763:
1751:
1750:
1738:
1737:
1725:
1724:
1712:
1711:
1699:
1698:
1686:
1685:
1684:
1671:
1670:
1669:
1639:
1633:
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1630:
1628:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1583:
1577:
1576:
1560:
1554:
1553:
1544:(5–6): 397–407.
1529:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1515:10.2179/15-073r2
1493:
1482:
1479:
1473:
1472:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1407:
1398:
1397:
1367:
1352:
1351:
1349:
1338:
1325:
1324:
1322:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1258:
1252:
1251:
1234:(3): 1036–1060.
1222:
1216:
1215:
1186:
1180:
1179:
1162:(6): 1088–1103.
1150:
1144:
1143:
1141:
1109:
1094:
1093:
1082:
1073:
1072:
1062:
1030:
1019:
1018:
1000:
991:
990:
988:
978:
954:
948:
947:
929:
923:
922:
920:
918:
894:
888:
887:
873:
832:
819:
808:
807:A.Massal. (1856)
797:
786:
764:
669:divaricatic acid
624:
608:
593:Fuscidea recensa
576:
568:
560:
552:
544:
536:
517:
501:
493:
440:Ostropomycetidae
298:
118:
56:
55:
33:
21:
1933:
1932:
1928:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1923:
1922:
1908:Lichen families
1888:
1887:
1886:
1881:
1873:
1868:
1860:
1858:
1850:
1845:
1837:
1832:
1824:
1819:
1811:
1806:
1798:
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1780:
1772:
1767:
1759:
1754:
1746:
1741:
1733:
1728:
1720:
1715:
1707:
1702:
1694:
1689:
1680:
1679:
1674:
1665:
1664:
1659:
1646:
1636:
1626:
1624:
1612:
1611:
1607:
1585:
1584:
1580:
1562:
1561:
1557:
1531:
1530:
1523:
1495:
1494:
1485:
1480:
1476:
1461:10.2307/3243989
1455:(44): 582–591.
1434:
1433:
1429:
1422:
1409:
1408:
1401:
1386:
1369:
1368:
1355:
1347:
1340:
1339:
1328:
1320:10.12705/625.18
1296:
1295:
1291:
1260:
1259:
1255:
1224:
1223:
1219:
1188:
1187:
1183:
1152:
1151:
1147:
1111:
1110:
1097:
1084:
1083:
1076:
1032:
1031:
1022:
1015:
1002:
1001:
994:
956:
955:
951:
944:
931:
930:
926:
916:
914:
896:
895:
891:
875:
874:
867:
863:
830:
817:
806:
795:
784:
762:
754:
717:New South Wales
693:
685:barbatolic acid
677:imbricaric acid
637:
626:
610:
578:
570:
562:
559:thalline margin
554:
546:
538:
519:
503:
495:
482:
474:Umbilicariaceae
472:as well as the
470:Ropalosporaceae
449:Ropalosporaceae
444:Umbilicariaceae
417:Teloschistaceae
413:
379:, described by
300:
267:Josef Hafellner
261:The family was
259:
254:
246:lichen products
181:
175:
169:
163:
145:
138:
117:
95:Lecanoromycetes
50:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1931:
1929:
1921:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1898:Umbilicariales
1890:
1889:
1883:
1882:
1880:
1879:
1866:
1856:
1843:
1830:
1817:
1804:
1791:
1778:
1765:
1752:
1739:
1726:
1713:
1700:
1687:
1672:
1656:
1654:
1648:
1647:
1642:
1635:
1634:
1622:Index Fungorum
1605:
1588:The Bryologist
1578:
1555:
1521:
1483:
1474:
1427:
1420:
1399:
1384:
1353:
1326:
1313:(5): 940–956.
1289:
1270:(2): 159–172.
1253:
1217:
1181:
1145:
1132:(4): 925–926.
1095:
1074:
1020:
1013:
992:
969:(1): 53–453 .
949:
942:
934:Lichen Biology
924:
889:
864:
862:
859:
822:
821:
810:
799:
788:
776:
775:
767:
766:
753:
750:
723:rock-dwelling
692:
689:
649:anthraquinones
636:
633:
620:
604:
572:
564:
556:
548:
540:
532:
513:
510:photosynthetic
497:
489:
481:
478:
466:Ophioparmaceae
462:Umbilicariales
429:Teloschistales
412:
411:Classification
409:
329:Sarrameanaceae
294:
258:
255:
253:
250:
242:Umbilicariales
238:classification
189:
188:
154:
153:
147:
146:
140:V.Wirth &
139:
132:
131:
125:
124:
112:
108:
107:
105:Umbilicariales
102:
98:
97:
92:
88:
87:
82:
78:
77:
72:
68:
67:
62:
58:
57:
44:
43:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1930:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1893:
1876:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1857:
1853:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1822:
1818:
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653:benzyl esters
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516:chlorococcoid
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263:circumscribed
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228:and about 55
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36:
32:
27:
24:Fuscideaceae
22:
19:
1682:Fuscideaceae
1652:Fuscideaceae
1651:
1625:. Retrieved
1615:
1608:
1594:(1): 56–66.
1591:
1587:
1581:
1572:
1568:
1567:group].
1564:
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1301:Hypocenomyce
1300:
1292:
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1159:
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1042:
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1004:
966:
962:
952:
933:
927:
915:. Retrieved
906:
902:
892:
883:
878:
854:
851:Stictidaceae
846:Cryptodiscus
844:
838:
831:Körb. (1874)
827:Orphniospora
825:
823:
812:
801:
790:
779:
771:
757:
734:grow on bark
731:
724:
708:
704:
694:
638:
598:
591:
526:
483:
457:
453:
437:
425:Lecanoraceae
419:than to the
414:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
376:
375:. The genus
369:
367:monophyletic
362:
358:
355:paraphyletic
350:
342:
338:
333:
322:
316:
312:
306:
302:
290:
286:
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194:Fuscideaceae
193:
192:
182:
176:
170:
164:
158:
157:
135:
115:Fuscideaceae
114:
38:
18:
1782:iNaturalist
1676:Wikispecies
1508:(1): 1–77.
1441:Ropalospora
1045:: 132–168.
986:10481/76378
917:13 December
659:acids, and
613:conidiomata
575:hamathecium
522:green algae
520:—a form of
480:Description
454:Umbilicaria
421:Lecideaceae
391:species to
252:Systematics
1892:Categories
1449:Bryologist
963:Mycosphere
861:References
824:The genus
787:– 40+ spp.
759:Albemarlea
715:, whereas
709:Albemarlea
661:usnic acid
645:depsidones
581:paraphyses
500:prothallus
324:Sarrameana
297:lecanorine
271:type genus
218:crust-like
212:to create
204:that form
160:Albemarlea
129:Type genus
85:Ascomycota
81:Division:
1743:FloraBase
1691:AusLichen
1394:429208213
1156:Mycologia
835:uncertain
809:– 12 spp.
701:temperate
667:depsides
657:aliphatic
655:, higher
635:Chemistry
629:ellipsoid
535:apothecia
433:homoplasy
347:molecular
318:Loxospora
234:apothecia
222:temperate
206:symbiotic
120:Hafellner
71:Kingdom:
65:Eukaryota
1821:MycoBank
1756:Fungorum
1696:30016298
1667:Q5509956
1661:Wikidata
1616:Lettauia
1575:: 91–92.
1502:Castanea
1445:Fuscidea
1284:15839100
1248:15288074
1212:21652303
1176:17486983
1118:against
1116:Fuscidea
1089:Fuscidea
1069:24747130
911:Archived
909:: 1–82.
849:(family
840:Lettauia
814:Maronora
781:Fuscidea
772:Fuscidea
738:on rocks
705:Fuscidea
641:depsides
623:fusiform
543:immersed
529:ascomata
492:areolate
476:itself.
458:Fuscidea
403:against
401:Fuscidea
397:Fuscidea
389:Fuscidea
385:Fuscidea
370:Fuscidea
359:Fuscidea
339:Fuscidea
313:Fuscidea
291:Fuscidea
276:Fuscidea
257:Taxonomy
184:Maronora
166:Fuscidea
136:Fuscidea
111:Family:
61:Domain:
1875:1022505
1627:1 April
1534:Hueidea
1469:3243989
1120:Maronea
1060:4185256
903:Myconet
855:Maronea
820:– 1 sp.
803:Maronea
798:– 1 sp.
792:Hueidea
765:– 1 sp.
742:on wood
726:Hueidea
721:granite
665:orcinol
617:conidia
551:sessile
506:soralia
486:thallus
405:Maronea
393:Maronea
377:Maronea
363:Maronea
361:, with
351:Maronea
343:Maronea
308:Hueidea
287:Maronea
282:Maronea
230:species
214:lichens
178:Maronea
172:Hueidea
101:Order:
91:Class:
1859:NZOR:
1852:200971
1813:191615
1800:106912
1787:175583
1735:1FUSCF
1467:
1418:
1392:
1382:
1282:
1246:
1210:
1174:
1067:
1057:
1011:
940:
752:Genera
746:leaves
675:, and
607:tholus
279:, and
226:genera
198:family
151:Genera
144:(1972)
122:(1984)
1826:80780
1795:IRMNG
1761:80780
1748:23169
1709:623TT
1465:JSTOR
1348:(PDF)
1307:Taxon
1126:Taxon
882:[
373:clade
341:over
293:with
210:algae
202:fungi
196:is a
142:Vězda
75:Fungi
1847:NCBI
1808:ITIS
1774:8367
1769:GBIF
1730:EPPO
1722:6033
1629:2024
1443:and
1416:ISBN
1390:OCLC
1380:ISBN
1280:PMID
1244:PMID
1208:PMID
1172:PMID
1065:PMID
1009:ISBN
938:ISBN
919:2023
683:and
601:asci
567:disc
468:and
456:and
321:and
1834:NBN
1717:EoL
1704:CoL
1596:doi
1592:121
1546:doi
1510:doi
1457:doi
1447:".
1315:doi
1272:doi
1268:109
1236:doi
1200:doi
1164:doi
1134:doi
1055:PMC
1047:doi
981:hdl
971:doi
853:).
744:or
627:to
547:to
423:or
357:to
353:is
200:of
1894::
1872::
1849::
1836::
1823::
1810::
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1232:32
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1196:91
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983::
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921:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
