33:
46:
622:(other relict species are found in the forest). It seems to have expanded southward through the familiar pathway established by the Tertiary forests of Egypt and the Sudan into East Africa. In these tropical and subtropical locations, the lichen was found high-elevation (above 2,000 m (6,600 ft)), mountainous "mist zones", emphasizing their requirement for humid environments. Although very rare in Europe,
541:
eastern North
America, but its range has declined due to habitat destruction and reduction. In eastern Canada, it prefers old, wet forests. Its distribution includes Central America and the Caribbean, extending as far south as Cuba. In Mexico, it is found at a high-elevation location (2,400 m
577:
list, indicating the species is sensitive and may require special attention to prevent extinction or extirpation. Because of its rarity in
Eastern Canada, its distribution and population size are uncertain, making conservation planning difficult. A MaxEnt
289:(spore-bearing structures) with distinct white rims. Although its main centres of distribution are eastern North America and southeast Asia, where it grows in damp forests, it has been reported from various other high-altitude, humid locations.
590:
presence and lack of human-induced disturbance, predicted high probability areas, and subsequent field verifications revealed 13 previously unsurveyed locations with high probability of occurrence, which can help guide future
439:
that are round or have a scalloped edge, measuring 2–3 mm in diameter and displaying chestnut-brown coloration. These squamules have white felty margins and are frequently found on a black
586:
algorithm used for predicting the distribution of species or other phenomena based on environmental variables) distribution model incorporating various environmental variables, including
573:, Canada, indicate that the predicted distribution of this lichen is most affected by temperature. In the early 2000s, it had been designated "Yellow" status in Nova Scotia's
1395:
1250:
1343:
1198:
1461:
1369:
1033:
Setchell, Alexandra; Haughian, Sean R. (2021). "Translating a species distribution model into management recommendations for an at-risk lichen".
1276:
877:
784:
1486:
1456:
1491:
1476:
1374:
614:. Another surprising record was that from Tanzania the year prior. According to Jørgensen and Sipman, this record from the
1150:
45:
516:
in its foliose-squamulose thallus, longitudinally wrinkled upper surface, and highly convex discs. The similarly named
1471:
522:, found on the west coast of northern North America, is grayer in colour, does not have pointed spores, and contains
1481:
1466:
1400:
1255:
518:
325:
817:
496:
457:
441:
433:
348:
311:, the customary generic placement for most foliose species at the time. By 1859 he described it as a member of
263:
502:
1451:
471:
and have a relatively thick, transparent outer wall that often narrows to a fine point at one or both ends.
408:
402:
321:
392:
1446:
1112:
1060:
Alstrup, V.; Christensen, S. (2006). "New records of lichens with cyanobacteria from
Tanzania and Kenya".
699:
Jørgensen, P.M. (1994). "Studies in the lichen family
Pannariaceae VI: The taxonomy and phytogeography of
386:
380:
627:
603:
140:
32:
647:
1410:
1335:
1190:
1172:
607:
592:
508:
896:
Haughian, Sean R.; Clayden, Stephen R.; Cameron, Robert (2018). "On the distribution and habitat of
298:
1242:
1281:
555:
475:
355:
174:
40:
602:
was reported from
Ecuador, which the authors noted as "remarkable" due to the lack of any known
343:
1418:
1317:
1263:
1159:
873:
780:
615:
559:
307:
1423:
1268:
1092:
1042:
1015:
982:
947:
909:
848:
813:
772:
739:
655:
611:
583:
302:
1002:
Cameron, Robert P.; Neily, Thomas (2008). "Heuristic model for identifying the habitats of
618:
region indicates the ancient history of the species and its existence around the
Tertiary
574:
87:
305:
in 1853 from specimens collected in the eastern United States. He placed it in the genus
1330:
1185:
1440:
330:
117:
1322:
1164:
677:
619:
335:
258:
107:
97:
1046:
913:
165:
1308:
1135:
1356:
1237:
1211:
1144:
1019:
768:
570:
420:
1096:
987:
966:
951:
606:
in intermediate areas; they suggested it may be an example of a long-distance
468:
363:
161:
77:
626:
was rediscovered there in 2006 when a specimen was found in Greece–the first
378:
group. This includes the following species and their distributional centres:
538:
523:
464:
367:
339:
286:
282:
57:
744:
723:
458:
442:
349:
264:
434:
1382:
1302:
1224:
1129:
313:
232:
1348:
1203:
800:
Jørgensen, Per M. (2000). "On the sorediate counterparts of the lichen
652:(Tuck. ex E. Michener) P.M. Jørg., J. Hattori bot. Lab. 76: 205 (1994)"
551:
448:
274:
270:
200:
1361:
1216:
1387:
1229:
587:
452:
278:
254:
67:
1106:
853:
832:
872:. Knoxville: The University of Tennessee Press. pp. 179–180.
359:
157:
870:
Field Guide to the
Lichens of Great Smoky Mountains National Park
1177:
563:
543:
1110:
929:
927:
925:
923:
547:
463:
apothecia with notable white rims are typically visible. The
934:
Jørgensen, Per M.; Sipman, Harrie J. M. (2007). "The lichen
818:
10.1639/0007-2745(2000)103[0104:OTSCOT]2.0.CO;2
965:
Pearson, Kara; Cameron, Robert; McMullin, R. Troy (2018).
374:
is species rich in the East Asian flora, particularly the
569:
A study of its habitat associations and distributions in
682:
Proceedings of the
American Academy of Arts and Sciences
678:"Observations on North American and some other lichenes"
595:
efforts for the management of rare and at-risk species.
891:
889:
724:"Notes on some East-Asian species of the lichen genus
1006:
and other rare cyanolichens in Nova Scotia, Canada".
1292:
1119:
763:
761:
759:
757:
755:
831:Liu, Hua-Jie; Hu, Jian-sen; Wu, Qing-feng (2016).
967:"Habitat associations and distribution model for
833:"New species and new records of the lichen genus
558:, although it has been occasionally recorded
512:, described from China in 2016, differs from
8:
1083:(Tuck.) P.M. Jørg. rediscovered in Europe".
938:(Tuck.) P. M. Jørg. found in the tropics".
868:Tripp, Erin A.; Lendemer, James C. (2020).
779:. Yale University Press. pp. 322–323.
732:Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory
705:Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory
1107:
31:
20:
986:
852:
743:
639:
530:Habitat, distribution, and conservation
542:(7,900 ft) in a misty montane of
506:from eastern North America and Japan.
467:of this lichen are 23–27 by 9–11
423:known as the "rimmed shingle lichen".
7:
1411:7943e1fe-e282-4964-8781-2293b2da9416
630:of the species in over a century.
14:
537:used to be widely distributed in
223:(Tuck. ex E.Michener) Nyl. (1859)
215:(Tuck. ex E.Michener) Nyl. (1869)
44:
447:. The lichen does not have any
1462:Taxa named by Edward Tuckerman
500:from Nepal and New Guinea and
338:. This genus contains largely
1:
1047:10.1080/11956860.2021.1949821
914:10.1080/11956860.2018.1526997
519:Fuscopannaria leucostictoides
474:All of the standard chemical
320:In more modern times (1994),
324:transferred it to the newly
1020:10.1639/0007-2745-111.4.650
900:in New Brunswick, Canada".
490:Two sorediate counterparts
1508:
1487:Lichens of Central America
771:; Sharnoff, Sylvia Duran;
722:Jørgensen, Per M. (2000).
187:Tuck. ex E.Michener (1853)
1457:Lichens described in 1853
1151:Fuscopannaria leucosticta
1121:Fuscopannaria leucosticta
1097:10.1017/s0024282909007907
1081:Fuscopannaria leucosticta
1079:Spribille, Toby (2009). "
988:10.1017/s0024282918000300
969:Fuscopannaria leucosticta
952:10.1017/s0024282907006767
936:Fuscopannaria leucosticta
898:Fuscopannaria leucosticta
802:Fuscopannaria leucosticta
650:Fuscopannaria leucosticta
600:Fuscopannaria leucosticta
535:Fuscopannaria leucosticta
492:Fuscopannaria leucosticta
480:Fuscopannaria leucosticta
431:The lichen has plentiful
417:Fuscopannaria leucosticta
358:apical structures in the
246:Fuscopannaria leucosticta
180:
173:
150:Fuscopannaria leucosticta
146:
139:
41:Scientific classification
39:
30:
25:Fuscopannaria leucosticta
23:
1492:Lichens of the Caribbean
1477:Lichens of North America
777:Lichens of North America
554:. It is typically found
406:(Japan & Korea) and
249:, commonly known as the
971:in Nova Scotia, Canada"
1062:Cryptogamie, Mycologie
1004:Erioderma pedicellatum
745:10.18968/jhbl.89.0_247
676:Tuckerman, E. (1859).
346:lichens, mostly small-
231:(Tuck. ex E.Michener)
228:Pannularia leucosticta
199:(Tuck. ex E.Michener)
334:, in which it is the
297:The lichen was first
251:rimmed shingle lichen
1294:Pannaria leucosticta
509:Fuscopannaria rugosa
322:Per Magnus Jørgensen
285:), but has abundant
220:Pannaria leucosticta
184:Parmelia leucosticta
624:F. leucosticta
514:F. leucosticta
398:F. leucosticta
376:F. leucosticta
132:F. leucosticta
1472:Lichens of Ecuador
415:In North America,
299:formally described
253:, is a species of
208:Pannaria lepidiota
192:Pannaria craspedia
1482:Lichens of Africa
1467:Lichens of Europe
1434:
1433:
1419:Open Tree of Life
1264:Open Tree of Life
1113:Taxon identifiers
1085:The Lichenologist
975:The Lichenologist
940:The Lichenologist
879:978-1-62190-514-1
786:978-0-300-08249-4
773:Sharnoff, Stephen
620:Madro-Tethyan sea
503:F. sorediata
409:F. siamensis
242:
241:
16:Species of lichen
1499:
1427:
1426:
1414:
1413:
1404:
1403:
1391:
1390:
1378:
1377:
1365:
1364:
1352:
1351:
1339:
1338:
1326:
1325:
1313:
1312:
1311:
1285:
1284:
1272:
1271:
1259:
1258:
1246:
1245:
1233:
1232:
1220:
1219:
1207:
1206:
1194:
1193:
1181:
1180:
1168:
1167:
1155:
1154:
1153:
1140:
1139:
1138:
1108:
1101:
1100:
1076:
1070:
1069:
1057:
1051:
1050:
1030:
1024:
1023:
999:
993:
992:
990:
962:
956:
955:
931:
918:
917:
893:
884:
883:
865:
859:
858:
856:
828:
822:
821:
797:
791:
790:
765:
750:
749:
747:
719:
713:
712:
696:
690:
689:
673:
667:
666:
664:
662:
656:Species Fungorum
644:
584:machine learning
478:are negative in
460:
455:. Additionally,
444:
436:
403:F. protensa
396:(Nepal, Tibet),
387:F. dissecta
381:F. dispersa
351:
303:Edward Tuckerman
266:
236:
224:
216:
204:
188:
152:
49:
48:
35:
21:
1507:
1506:
1502:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1497:
1496:
1437:
1436:
1435:
1430:
1422:
1417:
1409:
1407:
1399:
1394:
1386:
1381:
1373:
1368:
1360:
1355:
1347:
1342:
1334:
1329:
1321:
1316:
1307:
1306:
1301:
1288:
1280:
1275:
1267:
1262:
1254:
1249:
1241:
1236:
1228:
1223:
1215:
1210:
1202:
1197:
1189:
1184:
1176:
1171:
1163:
1158:
1149:
1148:
1143:
1134:
1133:
1128:
1115:
1105:
1104:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1032:
1031:
1027:
1001:
1000:
996:
964:
963:
959:
933:
932:
921:
895:
894:
887:
880:
867:
866:
862:
854:10.5248/131.455
830:
829:
825:
799:
798:
794:
787:
769:Brodo, Irwin M.
767:
766:
753:
721:
720:
716:
698:
697:
693:
675:
674:
670:
660:
658:
646:
645:
641:
636:
580:Maximum Entropy
575:species at risk
562:, usually with
560:growing on rock
556:growing on bark
532:
497:F. coerulescens
488:
486:Similar species
462:
446:
438:
429:
393:F. poeltii
353:
295:
268:
230:
222:
214:
198:
186:
169:
154:
148:
135:
88:Lecanoromycetes
43:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1505:
1503:
1495:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1452:Lichen species
1449:
1439:
1438:
1432:
1431:
1429:
1428:
1415:
1405:
1392:
1379:
1366:
1353:
1340:
1327:
1314:
1298:
1296:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1286:
1273:
1260:
1247:
1234:
1221:
1208:
1195:
1182:
1169:
1156:
1141:
1125:
1123:
1117:
1116:
1111:
1103:
1102:
1091:(2): 209–210.
1071:
1052:
1041:(2): 159–165.
1025:
1014:(4): 650–658.
1008:The Bryologist
994:
981:(4): 487–497.
957:
946:(3): 305–307.
919:
885:
878:
860:
847:(2): 455–465.
823:
812:(1): 104–107.
806:The Bryologist
792:
785:
751:
714:
691:
668:
638:
637:
635:
632:
616:Uluguru forest
612:relict species
531:
528:
487:
484:
456:
440:
432:
428:
425:
400:(widespread),
347:
294:
291:
262:
257:in the family
240:
239:
238:
237:
225:
217:
205:
189:
178:
177:
171:
170:
155:
144:
143:
137:
136:
129:
127:
123:
122:
115:
111:
110:
105:
101:
100:
95:
91:
90:
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
65:
61:
60:
55:
51:
50:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1504:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1447:Fuscopannaria
1445:
1444:
1442:
1425:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1406:
1402:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1319:
1315:
1310:
1304:
1300:
1299:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1283:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1161:
1157:
1152:
1146:
1142:
1137:
1131:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1109:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1075:
1072:
1067:
1063:
1056:
1053:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1029:
1026:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
998:
995:
989:
984:
980:
976:
972:
970:
961:
958:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
930:
928:
926:
924:
920:
915:
911:
908:(2): 99–112.
907:
903:
899:
892:
890:
886:
881:
875:
871:
864:
861:
855:
850:
846:
842:
838:
836:
835:Fuscopannaria
827:
824:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
796:
793:
788:
782:
778:
774:
770:
764:
762:
760:
758:
756:
752:
746:
741:
737:
733:
729:
727:
726:Fuscopannaria
718:
715:
710:
706:
703:Del. s.lat".
702:
695:
692:
687:
683:
679:
672:
669:
657:
653:
651:
643:
640:
633:
631:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
596:
594:
589:
585:
581:
576:
572:
567:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
540:
536:
529:
527:
525:
521:
520:
515:
511:
510:
505:
504:
499:
498:
493:
485:
483:
481:
477:
472:
470:
466:
461:
454:
450:
445:
437:
426:
424:
422:
418:
413:
411:
410:
405:
404:
399:
395:
394:
389:
388:
383:
382:
377:
373:
372:Fuscopannaria
369:
365:
362:that contain
361:
357:
354:species with
352:
345:
344:arctic–alpine
341:
337:
333:
332:
331:Fuscopannaria
327:
326:circumscribed
323:
318:
316:
315:
310:
309:
304:
300:
292:
290:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
267:
260:
256:
252:
248:
247:
234:
229:
226:
221:
218:
213:
209:
206:
202:
197:
193:
190:
185:
182:
181:
179:
176:
172:
167:
163:
159:
153:
151:
145:
142:
141:Binomial name
138:
134:
133:
128:
125:
124:
121:
120:
119:Fuscopannaria
116:
113:
112:
109:
106:
103:
102:
99:
96:
93:
92:
89:
86:
83:
82:
79:
76:
73:
72:
69:
66:
63:
62:
59:
56:
53:
52:
47:
42:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
1293:
1120:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1074:
1065:
1061:
1055:
1038:
1034:
1028:
1011:
1007:
1003:
997:
978:
974:
968:
960:
943:
939:
935:
905:
901:
897:
869:
863:
844:
840:
834:
826:
809:
805:
801:
795:
776:
735:
731:
725:
717:
708:
704:
700:
694:
685:
681:
671:
659:. Retrieved
649:
642:
623:
599:
597:
593:conservation
579:
568:
534:
533:
517:
513:
507:
501:
495:
491:
489:
479:
473:
430:
416:
414:
412:(Thailand).
407:
401:
397:
391:
385:
379:
375:
371:
336:type species
329:
319:
312:
306:
296:
281:(vegetative
259:Pannariaceae
250:
245:
244:
243:
227:
219:
211:
207:
195:
191:
183:
149:
147:
131:
130:
118:
108:Pannariaceae
98:Peltigerales
24:
18:
1357:iNaturalist
1238:NatureServe
1212:iNaturalist
1145:Wikispecies
837:from China"
738:: 247–259.
648:"Synonymy:
604:collections
571:Nova Scotia
427:Description
364:fatty acids
273:that lacks
261:. It has a
212:leucosticta
196:leucosticta
1441:Categories
1035:Écoscience
902:Écoscience
711:: 197–206.
688:: 383–407.
634:References
628:collection
550:forest in
476:spot tests
465:ascospores
459:lecanorine
443:prothallus
368:terpenoids
350:squamulose
283:propagules
265:squamulose
162:E.Michener
78:Ascomycota
74:Division:
1309:Q59506224
1136:Q10500422
841:Mycotaxon
608:dispersal
598:In 2007,
539:temperate
524:atranorin
435:squamules
390:(Japan),
384:(China),
340:temperate
287:apothecia
269:(scaley)
166:P.M.Jørg.
126:Species:
64:Kingdom:
58:Eukaryota
1383:MycoBank
1331:Fungorum
1303:Wikidata
1243:2.122263
1225:MycoBank
1186:Fungorum
1130:Wikidata
1068:: 57–68.
775:(2001).
701:Pannaria
661:15 March
421:commonly
314:Pannaria
308:Parmelia
293:Taxonomy
233:Stizenb.
175:Synonyms
104:Family:
54:Domain:
1349:3424795
1204:2601300
1178:6575990
610:, or a
552:Chiapas
449:soredia
356:amyloid
275:soredia
271:thallus
210:subsp.
201:Trevis.
114:Genus:
94:Order:
84:Class:
1424:583161
1408:NZOR:
1401:485251
1388:396934
1375:191308
1362:351678
1336:396934
1277:PLANTS
1269:583161
1256:191104
1230:414880
1217:220261
1191:414880
876:
783:
564:mosses
453:isidia
328:genus
279:isidia
255:lichen
235:(1887)
203:(1869)
168:(1994)
1323:4CFW7
1282:FULE2
1165:6K4LG
588:cedar
194:var.
158:Tuck.
68:Fungi
1396:NCBI
1370:ITIS
1344:GBIF
1251:NCBI
1199:GBIF
874:ISBN
781:ISBN
663:2023
582:, a
544:pine
494:are
366:and
360:asci
277:and
1318:CoL
1173:EoL
1160:CoL
1093:doi
1043:doi
1016:doi
1012:111
983:doi
948:doi
910:doi
849:doi
845:131
814:doi
810:103
804:".
740:doi
548:oak
451:or
419:is
342:to
301:by
160:ex
1443::
1421::
1398::
1385::
1372::
1359::
1346::
1333::
1320::
1305::
1279::
1266::
1253::
1240::
1227::
1214::
1201::
1188::
1175::
1162::
1147::
1132::
1089:41
1087:.
1066:27
1064:.
1039:29
1037:.
1010:.
979:50
977:.
973:.
944:39
942:.
922:^
906:26
904:.
888:^
843:.
839:.
808:.
754:^
736:89
734:.
730:.
709:76
707:.
684:.
680:.
654:.
566:.
526:.
482:.
469:ÎĽm
370:.
317:.
164:)
1099:.
1095::
1049:.
1045::
1022:.
1018::
991:.
985::
954:.
950::
916:.
912::
882:.
857:.
851::
820:.
816::
789:.
748:.
742::
728:"
686:4
665:.
578:(
546:-
156:(
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