44:
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engaged with government officials, NGOs and others to try and resolve the illegal use of pesticides to kill wildlife. The company took action to stop the sale of this product and instituted a buyback program in East Africa when it was determined that the illegal and intentional misuse of chemicals against wildlife could not be controlled by education or stewardship programs alone. Despite this, however, National
Geographic stated in 2018 that carbofuran "is still very much available" in Kenya.
54:
902:, the sole US manufacturer of carbofuran, announced that it had voluntarily requested that the EPA cancel all but six of the previously allowed uses of that chemical as a pesticide. With this change, carbofuran usage in the United States would be allowed only on corn, potatoes, pumpkins, sunflowers, pine seedlings and spinach grown for seed. However, in May 2009, the EPA canceled all food tolerances, an action which amounts to a
624:
966:
ran an exposé discussing the use of
Furadan by Kenyan farmers as a poison to kill African lions. The piece suggested that Furadan was a serious threat to the future of the lion population in Africa. FMC has commented on this issue through the media and their websites including furadanfacts.com. They
728:
Carbofuran is used around the world for a wide variety of crops. It is widely used in Asia, Australia, and South
America. It is commonly used in Malaysia for vegetables like eggplant (brinjal) where it is a legally registered pesticide. Carbofuran acts through phloem sap against piercing-sucking
765:
are more toxic). 1 ml (1/4 teaspoon) can be fatal to humans. Most carbofuran is applied by commercial applicators using closed systems with engineered controls so there is no exposure to it in preparation. However, in developing countries, occupational exposure to carbofuran and resultant
1296:
Rehman, Tanzila; Khan, Mohd M.; Shad, Muhammad A.; Hussain, Mazhar; Oyler, Benjamin L.; Shad, Muhammad A.; Goo, Young Ah.; Goodlett, David R. (September 22, 2016). "Detection of
Carbofuran-Protein Adducts in Serum of Occupationally Exposed Pesticide Factory Workers in Pakistan".
791:
Carbofuran is known to be particularly toxic to birds. In its granular form, a single grain will kill a bird. Birds often eat numerous grains of the pesticide, mistaking them for seeds, and then die shortly thereafter. Before the granular form was banned by the
854:
or during lactation, a decrease in sperm motility and sperm count along with an increase in percent abnormal sperm was observed in rats at 0.4 mg/kg dose level. In one study, the exposure of rats to sublethal amounts of carbofuran decreased
3424:
838:
grown illegally on public land in
California. These illegal, carbofuran-contaminated California marijuana grows appear to be the source for the majority of marijuana consumed in states where marijuana hasn't been legalized.
686:, and from there the plant distributes it throughout its organs where insecticidal concentrations are attained. Carbofuran also has contact activity against pests. It is one of the most toxic pesticides still in use.
796:
in 1991, it was blamed for millions of bird deaths per year. The liquid version of the pesticide is less hazardous to birds since they are not as likely to ingest it directly, but it is still very hazardous.
2126:
3417:
3858:
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729:
pests such as green leafhoppers, brown plant hoppers, stem borers and whorl maggots. Usage has increased in recent years because it is one of the few insecticides effective on soybean
1669:
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2022:
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1609:
717:
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1732:
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2136:
895:
793:
350:
800:
Carbofuran has been illegally used to intentionally poison wildlife not only in the US, Canada and Great
Britain; poisoned wildlife have included coyotes,
774:
pesticide. A recent study reports that carbofuran is a structural mimic of the neurohormone melatonin and could directly bind to MT2 melatonin receptor (K
1146:
1268:. Chemical Technology Review Series, Environmental Health Review Series and Pollution Technology Review Series. Noyes Data Corporation. p. 145.
5118:
1465:
Wobeser et al. 2004. Secondary poisoning of eagles following intentional poisoning of coyotes with anticholinesterase pesticides in
Western Canada.
4049:
1933:
3519:
1137:
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carbofuran-serum protein labeling has been reported to impact human health and well-being. Since its toxic effects are due to its activity as a
5148:
2212:
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and a probable reproduction/development intoxicant. At low-level exposures, carbofuran may cause transient alterations in the concentration of
713:
1536:
778:= 1.7 uM). Disruption of melatonin signaling could impact the circadian rhythm balance and is linked to elevated risk of developing diabetes.
1273:
1114:
1063:
2012:
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1551:
720:(42 U.S.C. 11002), and is subject to strict reporting requirements by facilities which produce, store, or use it in significant quantities.
4971:
4884:
1658:
995:
Sharom MS, Miles JRW, Harris CR, McEwen FL (1980). "Behaviour of 12 Insecticides in soil and aqueous suspensions of soil and sediment".
1837:
Pant, N; Shankar, R; Srivastava, SP (May 1997). "In utero and lactational exposure of carbofuran to rats: effect on testes and sperm".
1792:
Goad, Ryan T.; Goad, John T.; Atieh, Bassam H.; Gupta, Ramesh C. (2004). "Carbofuran-induced endocrine disruption in adult male rats".
4940:
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1977:
1839:
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1601:
5123:
1346:
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1642:
1505:
1176:"Uptake and Dissipation of Carbofuran and Its Metabolite in Chinese Kale and Brinjal Cultivated Under Humid Tropic Climate"
1029:
US EPA/OPPTS; Reregistration
Eligibility Decisions (REDs) Database on Carbofuran (1563-66-2). EPA-738-R-06-031 August 2006.
4239:
1721:
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1240:
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43:
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289:
850:. These alterations may consequently lead to serious reproductive problems following repeated exposure. When exposed
133:
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40 C.F.R.: Appendix A to Part 355—The List of
Extremely Hazardous Substances and Their Threshold Planning Quantities
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3200:
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2175:
588:
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53:
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Carbofuran has one of the highest acute toxicities to humans of any insecticide widely used on field crops (only
741:
The technical or chemical name of carbofuran is 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl methylcarbamate, and its
3504:
5133:
4914:
4567:
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4189:
1207:
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1900:
1923:
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733:, which have expanded their range since 2002 to include most soybean-growing regions of the United States.
211:
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2180:
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CARBOFURAN – A NEW AND EFFECTIVE METHOD OF ILLEGAL KILLING OF OTTERS (Lutra lutra) IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC
913:
508:
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In a number of publicized incidents worldwide, carbofuran has also been used to poison domestic pets.
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Popovska-Gorevski, Marina; Dubocovich, Margarita L.; Rajnarayanan, Rajendram V. (February 20, 2017).
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99:
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1981:
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1561:
782:
489:
477:
3717:
3617:
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828:
and other scavengers. In Kenya, farmers are using carbofuran to kill lions and other predators.
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1989:
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1381:
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666:, widely used around the world to control insects on a wide variety of field crops, including
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1955:
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1998:
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193:
109:
2171:
Website devoted to raising the awareness about the use of carbofuran to kill wild animals
1174:
Sim, Siong Fong; Chung, Ling Yan; Jonip, Jocephine; Chai, Lian Kuet (December 23, 2019).
334:
InChI=1S/C12H15NO3/c1-12(2)7-8-5-4-6-9(10(8)16-12)15-11(14)13-3/h4-6H,7H2,1-3H3,(H,13,14)
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2437:
2402:
2161:
The 'Carbo Wars' – the intentional poisoning of eagles and other wildlife in
Maryland
1016:
817:
708:
Carbofuran exhibits toxicity mediated by the same mechanism as that of the notorious
493:
445:
435:
204:
2160:
1876:
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2017:
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Washington Post: Thirteen bald eagles were found dead this is what killed them
1807:
1659:"Illegal cannabis farms still scarring public lands, two years after Prop. 64"
1527:
1232:
1085:
962:
898:(EPA) announced that it intended to ban carbofuran. In December of that year,
771:
742:
467:
404:
184:
2190:
1445:
1367:
1318:
4900:
4784:
4733:
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2311:
2301:
2246:
2233:
2076:
899:
884:
868:
835:
762:
663:
660:
1815:
1775:
1685:"Illegal Pot Operations in Public Forests Are Poisoning Wildlife And Water"
1385:
1326:
1192:
1175:
1868:
5067:
4769:
4702:
4657:
4587:
4555:
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937:
933:
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758:
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4319:
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4149:
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4039:
3994:
3888:
3883:
3803:
3798:
3672:
3229:
3121:
3072:
2866:
2856:
2836:
2826:
2786:
2711:
2603:
2573:
1748:"Degradation of the endocrine disruptor carbofuran by UV, O3 and O3/UV"
847:
825:
821:
675:
497:
481:
425:
244:
17:
4329:
4119:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3677:
3451:
2841:
2731:
2598:
2588:
2508:
2306:
1889:
UNEP/FAO/RC/CRC/11/6 section 2.2.3 of the European Union notification
880:
667:
501:
164:
871:
were significantly increased (1279%, 202%, and 150%, respectively).
716:
in the United States as defined in Section 302 of the United States
614:
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
232:
4707:
4429:
4419:
4269:
4164:
3514:
2796:
2613:
909:
730:
702:
671:
144:
132:
122:
3298:
2568:
1705:
1581:
1265:
Pesticide Manufacturing and Toxic Materials Control Encyclopedia
683:
601:
223:
3406:
2194:
2103:
808:
of domestic and wild animals has been documented, specifically
2563:
1694:
1058:(87 ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. pp. 3–94.
1041:
Exploring QSAR – Hydrophobic, Electronic, and Steric Constants
957:
1633:"Toxic pesticides found at most illegal California pot farms"
3859:
Octamethylene-bis(5-dimethylcarbamoxyisoquinolinium bromide)
2170:
712:
and presents a risk to human health. It is classified as an
294:
52:
42:
4972:
4885:
3905:
2-Ethoxycarbonyl-1-methylvinyl cyclohexyl methylphosphonate
2048:
4941:
912:
is considering banning carbofuran, but it is legal to buy
78:
2,2-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl methylcarbamate
2186:
CDC – NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards – Carbofuran
1432:
IUPAC – International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
1342:"Carbamate Insecticides Target Human Melatonin Receptors"
1043:. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society. p. 101.
906:
ban on its use on all crops grown for human consumption.
2135:. Photographs by Charlie Hamilton James. Archived from
781:
Carbofuran is highly toxic to vertebrates with an oral
632:
2013:"Cancer-causing chemical residues found in vegetables"
788:
of 8–14 mg/kg in rats and 19 mg/kg in dogs.
2127:"Why Poison Is a Growing Threat to Africa's Wildlife"
1237:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
1090:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
1722:"Ending Weed Prohibition Hasn't Stopped Drug Crimes"
745:
is 1563-66-2. It is manufactured by the reaction of
682:, which means that the plant absorbs it through the
5026:
4930:
4913:
4883:
4842:
4825:
4752:
3548:
3467:
3450:
3307:
3274:
3109:
3071:
2900:
2632:
2499:
2436:
2388:
2325:
2232:
1577:"Psi u naselju Braće Jerković otrovani pesticidima"
1404:
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
749:with 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-hydroxybenzofuran.
718:Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act
3469:
2072:"Pa. pesticide maker vows steps to protect lions"
1208:"Carbofuran - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics"
948:were taken off supermarket shelves in July 2012.
1956:"EPA Bans Carbofuran Pesticide Residues on Food"
834:Illegally smuggled carbofuran is used on 90% of
256:
1787:
1785:
1602:"As many as 1 000 dogs poisoned per week in SA"
1428:"Page about Carbofuran in the IUPAC's database"
108:
4814:Many of the other AChE inhibitors listed above
4754:
3418:
2206:
896:United States Environmental Protection Agency
8:
5093:Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor modulators
3550:
531:143.3 °C (289.9 °F; 416.4 K)
450:313.3 °C (595.9 °F; 586.5 K)
5098:Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor modulators
4977:Tooltip Vesicle-associated membrane protein
4890:Tooltip Vesicular acetylcholine transporter
4844:
4946:Tooltip Synaptosomal-associated protein 25
4927:
4839:
3464:
3425:
3411:
3403:
2213:
2199:
2191:
1958:. Environmental News Service. May 11, 2009
928:chemicals used on crops not listed in the
472:Highly soluble in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone,
309:
214:
192:
31:
1765:
1375:
1191:
1106:Agrochemicals in Plant Disease Management
276:
1932:. Vol. 87, no. 1. p. 18.
1746:Lau, TK; Chu, W; Graham, N (June 2007).
1084:NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards.
1039:Hansch, C.; Leo, A.; D. Hoekman (1995).
4050:Dimethyl 4-(methylthio)phenyl phosphate
1645:from the original on November 12, 2019.
1517:
1515:
987:
355:
330:
305:
2025:from the original on November 12, 2019
1987:
1936:from the original on November 12, 2019
1922:Erickson, Britt E. (January 5, 2009).
1683:Westervelt, Eric (November 12, 2019).
1672:from the original on November 6, 2019.
1489:
1487:
1109:. Scientific Publishers. p. 110.
1079:
1077:
1075:
440:151 °C (304 °F; 424 K)
205:
5129:Benzofuran ethers at the benzene ring
4240:Methylfluorophosphonylcholine (MFPCh)
3490:2-(α-Naphthoyl)ethyltrimethylammonium
1523:"Poison Takes Toll On Africa's Lions"
1422:
1420:
689:It is marketed under the trade names
337:Key: DUEPRVBVGDRKAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
172:
152:
7:
1980:. tradingmarkets.com. Archived from
1924:"Manufacturer Drops Carbofuran Uses"
1719:Chun, Rene (January–February 2019).
5037:
3540:N,N-Dimethylaminoethylchloroacetate
1840:Human & Experimental Toxicology
1656:McDaniel, Piper (August 29, 2019).
1612:from the original on August 4, 2019
1589:from the original on March 5, 2016.
1539:from the original on June 13, 2018.
1508:from the original on June 12, 2018.
1496:"Insecticide 'killing Kenya lions'"
247:
231:
2088:from the original on May 12, 2016.
1735:from the original on May 30, 2019.
1550:Dewhurst, Patrick (May 26, 2011).
1243:from the original on June 18, 2019
25:
3474:Tooltip Choline acetyltransferase
1901:"Carbofuran Cancellation Process"
1795:Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods
1631:Thompson, Don (August 28, 2018).
1600:Grobler, Riann (August 3, 2019).
1575:Vušović, A. (February 25, 2011).
1056:Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
4534:Fasciculins (green mamba toxins)
4025:Dicyclohexyl phosphorofluoridate
1400:"Extramural Papers of the Month"
622:
391:
385:
5119:Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
4465:Tetraethyl pyrophosphate (TEPP)
4190:Hexaethyl tetraphosphate (HETP)
1929:Chemical & Engineering News
1481:, Volume 10, No. 2, Summer 1996
1347:Chemical Research in Toxicology
1299:Chemical Research in Toxicology
618:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
3535:N,N-Dimethylaminoethylacrylate
1494:Mynott, Adam (June 18, 2008).
1360:10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00301
1311:10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00222
936:, vegetables with residues of
804:, golden eagles and buzzards.
394:
379:
1:
5149:Female reproductive toxicants
5088:Receptor/signaling modulators
4860:Hemicholinium-3 (hemicholine)
4759:Tooltip Butyrylcholinesterase
770:inhibitor it is considered a
714:extremely hazardous substance
569:(US health exposure limits):
3555:Tooltip Acetylcholinesterase
2070:Todt, Ron (March 29, 2009).
1753:Water Science and Technology
1479:The Federal Wildlife Officer
1467:Journal of Wildlife Diseases
1017:10.1016/0043-1354(80)90158-X
924:Due to nonregistration of 4
859:by 88%, while the levels of
4849:Tooltip Choline transporter
4795:Profenamine (ethopropazine)
4035:Diisopropyl fluorophosphate
3500:4-(1-Naphthylvinyl)pyridine
3485:1-(-Benzoylethyl)pyridinium
2707:Diisopropyl fluorophosphate
2125:Dobb, Edwin (August 2018).
1552:"Alarm over new pet poison"
539:or concentration (LD, LC):
38:
5170:
4698:Dimethylcarbamoyl fluoride
3505:Acetylseco hemicholinium-3
1861:10.1177/096032719701600506
1147:Government Printing Office
1103:Ravichandra, N.G. (2018).
559:19 mg/kg (oral, dog)
87:Furadan, Curater, Furacarb
5080:
3386:Purpureocillium lilacinum
2345:Chromated copper arsenate
2277:m-Cumenyl methylcarbamate
2100:"Furadan Facts > Home"
2045:"Furadan Facts > Home"
1997:Cite uses generic title (
1808:10.1080/15376520490434476
1145:(July 1, 2008 ed.),
960:television news magazine
806:Secondary fatal poisoning
612:
563:
535:
520:
420:White, crystalline solid
366:
346:
321:
92:
84:
72:
67:
37:
27:Toxic carbamate pesticide
4568:Methanesulfonyl fluoride
2390:Insect growth regulators
1899:US EPA (July 31, 2008).
930:Dangerous Substances Act
920:Health scare in Thailand
879:Carbofuran is banned in
358:CNC(=O)Oc1cccc2c1OC(C)C2
3745:+glycopyrronium bromide
3379:Paenibacillus popilliae
1180:Advances in Agriculture
1054:Lide, David R. (1998).
952:Death of lions in Kenya
5124:Carbamate insecticides
3495:3-Chloro-4-stillbazole
3358:Metarhizium anisopliae
3337:Beauveria brongniartii
3318:Bacillus thuringiensis
2370:Lead hydrogen arsenate
705:among several others.
557:8–14 mg/kg (oral, rat)
58:
48:
3372:Lecanicillium lecanii
1212:www.sciencedirect.com
710:V-series nerve agents
516:2.32 (octanol/water)
56:
46:
5056:Atracotoxins (e.g.,
4683:Tetrahydrocannabinol
4030:Diisopropylphosphate
2519:Carbon tetrachloride
1767:10.2166/wst.2007.416
1193:10.1155/2019/7937086
1156:on February 25, 2012
680:systemic insecticide
74:Preferred IUPAC name
5154:Aromatic carbamates
5042:Tooltip Latrophilin
4744:Trimedoxime bromide
4673:Stercuronium iodide
4490:Tricresyl phosphate
3965:Chlorpyrifos-methyl
3351:Metarhizium acridum
3081:Chlorantraniliprole
2677:Chlorpyrifos-methyl
2350:Copper(II) arsenate
2335:Aluminium phosphide
2327:Inorganic compounds
2132:National Geographic
1853:1997HETox..16..267P
1262:Sittig, M. (1980).
1009:1980WatRe..14.1095S
844:endocrine disruptor
457:Solubility in water
412: g·mol
34:
4561:Onchidella binneyi
3903:Organophosphates:
3344:Isaria fumosorosea
3330:Beauveria bassiana
3226:Piperonyl butoxide
3027:chrysanthemic acid
2365:Diatomaceous earth
1535:. March 26, 2009.
820:), domestic dogs,
645:Infobox references
604:(Immediate danger)
490:methylene chloride
478:dimethyl sulfoxide
59:
49:
32:
5106:
5105:
5076:
5075:
4924:
4909:
4908:
4836:
4821:
4820:
4460:Tetrachlorvinphos
4335:Pirimiphos-methyl
4285:Oxydemeton-methyl
4235:Methyl phenkapton
3461:
3400:
3399:
3201:+milbemycin oxime
2882:Tetrachlorvinphos
2847:Pirimiphos-methyl
2807:Oxydemeton-methyl
2355:Copper(I) cyanide
2139:on August 4, 2018
2106:on March 17, 2014
2021:. July 12, 2012.
1984:on June 29, 2012.
1665:Los Angeles Times
1305:(10): 1720–1728.
1275:978-0-8155-0814-4
1116:978-93-87991-91-0
1065:978-0-8493-0594-8
842:Carbofuran is an
747:methyl isocyanate
653:Chemical compound
651:
650:
474:dimethylformamide
290:CompTox Dashboard
134:Interactive image
63:
62:
16:(Redirected from
5161:
5043:
5039:
4978:
4974:
4947:
4943:
4928:
4918:
4891:
4887:
4850:
4846:
4840:
4830:
4760:
4756:
4724:Asoxime chloride
4300:Parathion-methyl
4000:Demeton-S-methyl
3556:
3552:
3475:
3471:
3465:
3455:
3427:
3420:
3413:
3404:
3086:Cyantraniliprole
2817:Parathion-methyl
2687:Demeton-S-methyl
2634:Organophosphorus
2215:
2208:
2201:
2192:
2181:FuradanFacts.com
2149:
2148:
2146:
2144:
2122:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2102:. Archived from
2096:
2090:
2089:
2082:Associated Press
2067:
2061:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2047:. Archived from
2041:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2030:
2009:
2003:
2002:
1995:
1993:
1985:
1974:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1919:
1913:
1912:
1910:
1908:
1896:
1890:
1887:
1881:
1880:
1834:
1828:
1827:
1789:
1780:
1779:
1769:
1743:
1737:
1736:
1724:
1716:
1710:
1709:
1703:
1701:
1680:
1674:
1673:
1661:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1638:Associated Press
1628:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1597:
1591:
1590:
1572:
1566:
1565:
1564:on May 28, 2011.
1560:. Archived from
1547:
1541:
1540:
1519:
1510:
1509:
1491:
1482:
1476:
1470:
1463:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1442:
1436:
1435:
1424:
1415:
1414:
1412:
1410:
1396:
1390:
1389:
1379:
1337:
1331:
1330:
1293:
1287:
1286:
1284:
1282:
1259:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1229:
1223:
1222:
1220:
1218:
1204:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1171:
1165:
1164:
1163:
1161:
1155:
1149:, archived from
1144:
1134:
1128:
1127:
1125:
1123:
1100:
1094:
1093:
1081:
1070:
1069:
1051:
1045:
1044:
1036:
1030:
1027:
1021:
1020:
1003:(8): 1095–1100.
992:
914:over-the-counter
635:
629:
626:
625:
411:
396:
393:
387:
381:
374:Chemical formula
314:
313:
298:
296:
280:
260:
249:
235:
218:
207:
196:
176:
156:
136:
112:
39:
35:
21:
5169:
5168:
5164:
5163:
5162:
5160:
5159:
5158:
5134:Catechol ethers
5109:
5108:
5107:
5102:
5072:
5041:
5022:
4982:Botulinum toxin
4976:
4951:Botulinum toxin
4945:
4917:
4905:
4889:
4879:
4865:Triethylcholine
4848:
4829:
4817:
4758:
4748:
4668:Rosmarinic acid
4435:Sulfotep (TEDP)
4105:Ethylsarin (GE)
3985:Cyclosarin (GF)
3955:Chlorfenvinphos
3945:Carbophenothion
3925:Azinphos-methyl
3554:
3544:
3510:Acryloylcholine
3473:
3454:
3446:
3431:
3401:
3396:
3365:Nomuraea rileyi
3303:
3270:
3110:Other chemicals
3105:
3067:
2896:
2667:Chlorfenvinphos
2652:Azinphos-methyl
2628:
2501:Organochlorides
2495:
2432:
2384:
2380:Scheele's Green
2321:
2228:
2219:
2157:
2152:
2142:
2140:
2124:
2123:
2119:
2109:
2107:
2098:
2097:
2093:
2069:
2068:
2064:
2054:
2052:
2043:
2042:
2038:
2028:
2026:
2011:
2010:
2006:
1996:
1986:
1976:
1975:
1971:
1961:
1959:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1939:
1937:
1921:
1920:
1916:
1906:
1904:
1898:
1897:
1893:
1888:
1884:
1836:
1835:
1831:
1791:
1790:
1783:
1745:
1744:
1740:
1718:
1717:
1713:
1699:
1697:
1690:Morning Edition
1682:
1681:
1677:
1655:
1654:
1650:
1630:
1629:
1625:
1615:
1613:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1574:
1573:
1569:
1549:
1548:
1544:
1521:
1520:
1513:
1493:
1492:
1485:
1477:
1473:
1464:
1460:
1450:
1448:
1444:
1443:
1439:
1426:
1425:
1418:
1408:
1406:
1398:
1397:
1393:
1339:
1338:
1334:
1295:
1294:
1290:
1280:
1278:
1276:
1261:
1260:
1256:
1246:
1244:
1231:
1230:
1226:
1216:
1214:
1206:
1205:
1201:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1159:
1157:
1153:
1142:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1102:
1101:
1097:
1083:
1082:
1073:
1066:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1038:
1037:
1033:
1028:
1024:
994:
993:
989:
985:
977:Dutch standards
973:
954:
922:
877:
786:
777:
755:
739:
726:
695:FMC Corporation
654:
647:
642:
641:
640: ?)
631:
627:
623:
619:
605:
592:
579:
558:
554:
548:
459:
409:
399:
390:
384:
376:
362:
359:
354:
353:
342:
339:
338:
335:
329:
328:
317:
299:
292:
283:
263:
250:
238:
199:
179:
159:
139:
126:
115:
102:
88:
80:
79:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5167:
5165:
5157:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5111:
5110:
5104:
5103:
5101:
5100:
5095:
5090:
5085:
5081:
5078:
5077:
5074:
5073:
5071:
5070:
5065:
5050:
5049:
5032:
5030:
5024:
5023:
5021:
5020:
5017:γ-bungarotoxin
5013:β-bungarotoxin
5002:
5001:
4967:
4966:
4936:
4934:
4925:
4911:
4910:
4907:
4906:
4904:
4903:
4894:
4892:
4881:
4880:
4878:
4877:
4868:
4867:
4862:
4853:
4851:
4837:
4823:
4822:
4819:
4818:
4816:
4815:
4812:
4807:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4763:
4761:
4750:
4749:
4747:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4716:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4571:
4570:
4565:
4553:
4531:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4275:Novichok agent
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4195:Isofluorophate
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3950:Chlorethoxyfos
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3920:Azinphos-ethyl
3917:
3912:
3907:
3897:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3760:Pyridostigmine
3757:
3752:
3747:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3559:
3557:
3546:
3545:
3543:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3478:
3476:
3462:
3448:
3447:
3432:
3430:
3429:
3422:
3415:
3407:
3398:
3397:
3395:
3394:
3389:
3382:
3375:
3368:
3361:
3354:
3347:
3340:
3333:
3326:
3321:
3313:
3311:
3305:
3304:
3302:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3280:
3278:
3272:
3271:
3269:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3182:Hydramethylnon
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3113:
3111:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3077:
3075:
3069:
3068:
3066:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2906:
2904:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2662:Chlorethoxyfos
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2638:
2636:
2630:
2629:
2627:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2505:
2503:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2442:
2440:
2438:Neonicotinoids
2434:
2433:
2431:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2394:
2392:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2331:
2329:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2238:
2236:
2230:
2229:
2220:
2218:
2217:
2210:
2203:
2195:
2189:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2156:
2155:External links
2153:
2151:
2150:
2117:
2091:
2062:
2051:on May 3, 2016
2036:
2004:
1969:
1947:
1914:
1891:
1882:
1829:
1781:
1760:(12): 275–80.
1738:
1711:
1675:
1648:
1623:
1592:
1585:(in Serbian).
1567:
1542:
1511:
1483:
1471:
1469:40(2):163-172.
1458:
1437:
1416:
1391:
1354:(2): 574–582.
1332:
1288:
1274:
1254:
1224:
1199:
1166:
1129:
1115:
1095:
1071:
1064:
1046:
1031:
1022:
986:
984:
981:
980:
979:
972:
969:
953:
950:
940:, carbofuran,
921:
918:
889:European Union
876:
873:
784:
775:
768:cholinesterase
754:
751:
738:
735:
725:
722:
699:Curaterr 10 GR
652:
649:
648:
643:
621:
620:
616:standard state
613:
610:
609:
606:
600:
597:
596:
593:
587:
584:
583:
580:
574:
571:
570:
561:
560:
555:
546:
544:
541:
540:
533:
532:
529:
523:
522:
518:
517:
514:
505:
504:
470:
464:
463:
460:
455:
452:
451:
448:
442:
441:
438:
432:
431:
428:
422:
421:
418:
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407:
401:
400:
397:
388:
382:
377:
372:
369:
368:
364:
363:
361:
360:
357:
349:
348:
347:
344:
343:
341:
340:
336:
333:
332:
324:
323:
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318:
316:
315:
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300:
288:
285:
284:
282:
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273:
271:
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253:
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129:
127:
120:
117:
116:
114:
113:
105:
103:
98:
95:
94:
90:
89:
86:
82:
81:
77:
76:
70:
69:
65:
64:
61:
60:
50:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5166:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5139:Phenol esters
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5116:
5114:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5083:
5082:
5079:
5069:
5066:
5063:
5059:
5055:
5052:
5051:
5048:
5045:
5040:
5034:
5033:
5031:
5029:
5025:
5018:
5014:
5010:
5009:Bungarotoxins
5007:
5004:
5003:
4999:
4995:
4991:
4987:
4983:
4980:
4979:inactivators:
4975:
4969:
4968:
4964:
4960:
4956:
4952:
4949:
4948:inactivators:
4944:
4938:
4937:
4935:
4933:
4929:
4926:
4922:
4916:
4912:
4902:
4899:
4896:
4895:
4893:
4888:
4882:
4876:
4873:
4870:
4869:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4855:
4854:
4852:
4847:
4841:
4838:
4834:
4828:
4824:
4813:
4811:
4810:ZINC-12613047
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4765:
4764:
4762:
4757:
4751:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4721:
4718:
4717:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4653:Lactucopicrin
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4573:
4572:
4569:
4566:
4563:
4562:
4557:
4554:
4551:
4547:
4543:
4539:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4485:Trichloronate
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4260:Monocrotophos
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4225:Methamidophos
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4100:Echothiophate
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3902:
3901:Irreversible:
3899:
3898:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3765:Quilostigmine
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3755:Physostigmine
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:; Stigmines:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3623:Chloropropham
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3561:
3560:
3558:
3553:
3547:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3480:
3479:
3477:
3472:
3466:
3463:
3459:
3453:
3449:
3445:
3442:
3438:
3435:
3434:Acetylcholine
3428:
3423:
3421:
3416:
3414:
3409:
3408:
3405:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3387:
3383:
3381:
3380:
3376:
3374:
3373:
3369:
3367:
3366:
3362:
3360:
3359:
3355:
3353:
3352:
3348:
3346:
3345:
3341:
3339:
3338:
3334:
3332:
3331:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3319:
3315:
3314:
3312:
3310:
3309:Biopesticides
3306:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3281:
3279:
3277:
3273:
3267:
3266:Metaflumizone
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3231:
3227:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3202:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3147:Chlordimeform
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3108:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3091:Flubendiamide
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3078:
3076:
3074:
3070:
3064:
3063:Transfluthrin
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3028:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2970:Fenpropathrin
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2960:Esfenvalerate
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2903:
2899:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2792:Monocrotophos
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2772:Methamidophos
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2635:
2631:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2502:
2498:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2443:
2441:
2439:
2435:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2403:Diflubenzuron
2401:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2391:
2387:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2332:
2330:
2328:
2324:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2216:
2211:
2209:
2204:
2202:
2197:
2196:
2193:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2158:
2154:
2138:
2134:
2133:
2128:
2121:
2118:
2105:
2101:
2095:
2092:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2078:
2073:
2066:
2063:
2050:
2046:
2040:
2037:
2024:
2020:
2019:
2014:
2008:
2005:
2000:
1991:
1983:
1979:
1973:
1970:
1957:
1951:
1948:
1935:
1931:
1930:
1925:
1918:
1915:
1902:
1895:
1892:
1886:
1883:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1847:(5): 267–72.
1846:
1842:
1841:
1833:
1830:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1796:
1788:
1786:
1782:
1777:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1754:
1749:
1742:
1739:
1734:
1730:
1729:
1723:
1715:
1712:
1707:
1696:
1692:
1691:
1686:
1679:
1676:
1671:
1667:
1666:
1660:
1652:
1649:
1644:
1640:
1639:
1634:
1627:
1624:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1596:
1593:
1588:
1584:
1583:
1578:
1571:
1568:
1563:
1559:
1558:
1553:
1546:
1543:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1529:
1524:
1518:
1516:
1512:
1507:
1503:
1502:
1497:
1490:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1475:
1472:
1468:
1462:
1459:
1447:
1441:
1438:
1433:
1429:
1423:
1421:
1417:
1405:
1401:
1395:
1392:
1387:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1348:
1343:
1336:
1333:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1292:
1289:
1281:September 22,
1277:
1271:
1267:
1266:
1258:
1255:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1228:
1225:
1213:
1209:
1203:
1200:
1194:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1170:
1167:
1152:
1148:
1141:
1140:
1133:
1130:
1122:September 22,
1118:
1112:
1108:
1107:
1099:
1096:
1091:
1087:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1072:
1067:
1061:
1057:
1050:
1047:
1042:
1035:
1032:
1026:
1023:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
991:
988:
982:
978:
975:
974:
970:
968:
965:
964:
959:
956:In 2009, the
951:
949:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
919:
917:
915:
911:
907:
905:
901:
897:
894:In 2008, the
892:
890:
886:
882:
874:
872:
870:
866:
862:
858:
853:
849:
845:
840:
837:
832:
829:
827:
823:
819:
818:golden eagles
815:
811:
807:
803:
798:
795:
789:
787:
779:
773:
769:
764:
760:
752:
750:
748:
744:
736:
734:
732:
723:
721:
719:
715:
711:
706:
704:
700:
696:
692:
687:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
662:
658:
646:
639:
634:
617:
611:
607:
603:
599:
598:
595:TWA 0.1 mg/m
594:
591:(Recommended)
590:
586:
585:
581:
578:(Permissible)
577:
573:
572:
568:
567:
562:
556:
552:
543:
542:
538:
534:
530:
528:
525:
524:
519:
515:
513:
512:
507:
506:
503:
499:
495:
494:cyclohexanone
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
469:
466:
465:
461:
458:
454:
453:
449:
447:
446:Boiling point
444:
443:
439:
437:
436:Melting point
434:
433:
429:
427:
424:
423:
419:
416:
415:
408:
406:
403:
402:
378:
375:
371:
370:
365:
356:
352:
345:
331:
327:
320:
312:
308:
307:DTXSID9020249
304:
303:
301:
291:
287:
286:
279:
275:
274:
272:
270:
267:
266:
259:
255:
254:
252:
246:
242:
241:
234:
230:
229:
227:
225:
222:
221:
217:
213:
210:
208:
206:ECHA InfoCard
203:
202:
195:
191:
190:
188:
186:
183:
182:
175:
171:
170:
168:
166:
163:
162:
155:
151:
150:
148:
146:
143:
142:
135:
131:
130:
128:
124:
119:
118:
111:
107:
106:
104:
101:
97:
96:
91:
83:
75:
71:
66:
55:
51:
45:
41:
40:
36:
30:
19:
5144:Insecticides
5053:
5047:α-Latrotoxin
5035:
5005:
4970:
4939:
4897:
4871:
4856:
4800:Rivastigmine
4766:
4720:Reactivators
4693:Ungiminorine
4648:Kobophenol A
4613:Coronaridine
4603:Bulbocapnine
4598:Arisugacin A
4574:
4559:
4445:Tebupirimfos
4325:Phosphamidon
4230:Methidathion
4135:Fenitrothion
3960:Chlorpyrifos
3900:
3775:Terestigmine
3770:Rivastigmine
3732:Eptastigmine
3683:Phenmedipham
3653:Formparanate
3638:Ethiofencarb
3607:
3571:Carbamates:
3568:
3562:
3481:
3384:
3377:
3370:
3363:
3356:
3349:
3342:
3335:
3328:
3316:
3251:Tebufenpyrad
3246:Tebufenozide
3152:Chlorfenapyr
3127:Azadirachtin
3058:Tralomethrin
3053:Tetramethrin
2995:Metofluthrin
2950:Deltamethrin
2945:Cyphenothrin
2940:Cypermethrin
2925:Bioallethrin
2872:Tebupirimfos
2777:Methidathion
2747:Fenitrothion
2672:Chlorpyrifos
2647:Azamethiphos
2609:Methoxychlor
2491:Thiamethoxam
2481:Paichongding
2466:Imidaclothiz
2461:Imidacloprid
2451:Clothianidin
2428:Pyriproxyfen
2408:Flufenoxuron
2398:Benzoylureas
2266:
2257:Butocarboxim
2226:Insecticides
2222:Pest control
2143:November 12,
2141:. Retrieved
2137:the original
2130:
2120:
2108:. Retrieved
2104:the original
2094:
2075:
2065:
2053:. Retrieved
2049:the original
2039:
2029:September 7,
2027:. Retrieved
2018:Bangkok Post
2016:
2007:
1982:the original
1972:
1960:. Retrieved
1950:
1940:November 12,
1938:. Retrieved
1927:
1917:
1905:. Retrieved
1894:
1885:
1844:
1838:
1832:
1802:(4): 233–9.
1799:
1793:
1757:
1751:
1741:
1728:The Atlantic
1726:
1714:
1704:– via
1700:November 12,
1698:. Retrieved
1688:
1678:
1663:
1651:
1636:
1626:
1616:November 12,
1614:. Retrieved
1605:
1595:
1580:
1570:
1562:the original
1555:
1545:
1526:
1499:
1478:
1474:
1466:
1461:
1451:September 7,
1449:. Retrieved
1446:"Carbofuran"
1440:
1431:
1407:. Retrieved
1403:
1394:
1351:
1345:
1335:
1302:
1298:
1291:
1279:. Retrieved
1264:
1257:
1247:November 13,
1245:. Retrieved
1233:"Carbofuran"
1227:
1215:. Retrieved
1211:
1202:
1183:
1179:
1169:
1158:, retrieved
1151:the original
1138:
1132:
1120:. Retrieved
1105:
1098:
1055:
1049:
1040:
1034:
1025:
1000:
996:
990:
961:
955:
926:carcinogenic
923:
908:
903:
893:
878:
861:progesterone
857:testosterone
851:
841:
833:
830:
799:
790:
780:
756:
740:
727:
707:
698:
690:
688:
656:
655:
565:
536:
510:
486:acetonitrile
174:ChEMBL416081
93:Identifiers
85:Other names
29:
4898:Inhibitors:
4875:Coluracetam
4857:Inhibitors:
4827:Transporter
4767:Inhibitors:
4739:Pralidoxime
4633:Cyclanoline
4583:α-Viniferin
4480:Trichlorfon
4245:Metrifonate
4160:Fosthiazate
4145:Fluorotabun
4020:Dicrotophos
3975:Crotylsarin
3819:Huperzine A
3814:Galantamine
3809:Edrophonium
3742:Neostigmine
3737:Ganstigmine
3703:Propamocarb
3648:Formetanate
3633:Ethienocarb
3613:Carbosulfan
3603:Carbetamide
3598:Carbendazim
3569:Reversible:
3482:Inhibitors:
3324:Baculovirus
3276:Metabolites
3241:Sulfluramid
3043:Silafluofen
3010:Prallethrin
2990:Imiprothrin
2985:Fluvalinate
2975:Fenvalerate
2935:Cyhalothrin
2910:Acrinathrin
2902:Pyrethroids
2892:Trichlorfon
2757:Fosthiazate
2702:Dicrotophos
2486:Thiacloprid
2456:Dinotefuran
2446:Acetamiprid
2375:Paris Green
2282:Ethienocarb
2272:Carbosulfan
1557:Cyprus Mail
1160:October 29,
942:dicrotophos
814:bald eagles
551:median dose
537:Lethal dose
527:Flash point
417:Appearance
367:Properties
212:100.014.867
154:CHEBI:34611
33:Carbofuran
5113:Categories
5062:versutoxin
5058:robustoxin
4932:Inhibitors
4921:modulators
4872:Enhancers:
4833:modulators
4790:Ladostigil
4780:Conodurine
4775:Affinisine
4688:Ungeremine
4663:Phosacetim
4623:Corynoline
4618:Corydaline
4608:Conodurine
4593:Affinisine
4529:Demecarium
4527:; Others:
4440:Tabun (GA)
4430:Soman (GD)
4420:Sarin (GB)
4340:Profenofos
4200:Isoxathion
4185:Guanitoxin
4155:Formothion
4130:Fenamiphos
4060:Disulfoton
4055:Dioxathion
4045:Dimethoate
4015:Dichlorvos
3849:Ladostigil
3839:Ipidacrine
3784:Ambenonium
3779:Acotiamide
3777:; Others:
3750:Phenserine
3727:Distigmine
3718:Thiodicarb
3693:Pirimicarb
3658:Methiocarb
3643:Fenobucarb
3618:Chlorbufam
3608:Carbofuran
3583:Bendiocarb
3564:Inhibitors
3458:modulators
3444:modulators
3437:metabolism
3256:Veracevine
3187:Indoxacarb
3177:Fluralaner
3167:Fenoxycarb
3162:Fenazaquin
3157:Cyromazine
3137:Buprofezin
3117:Afoxolaner
3048:Tefluthrin
3038:Resmethrin
3005:Phenothrin
3000:Permethrin
2980:Flumethrin
2965:Etofenprox
2955:Empenthrin
2930:Cyfluthrin
2920:Bifenthrin
2915:Allethrins
2852:Quinalphos
2822:Phenthoate
2762:Isoxathion
2742:Fenamiphos
2727:Disulfoton
2722:Dioxathion
2717:Dimethoate
2697:Dichlorvos
2619:Tetradifon
2594:Heptachlor
2584:Endosulfan
2529:Cyclodiene
2476:Nithiazine
2471:Nitenpyram
2423:Methoprene
2413:Hydroprene
2340:Boric acid
2292:Isoprocarb
2287:Fenobucarb
2267:Carbofuran
2252:Bendiocarb
2234:Carbamates
1907:August 11,
1528:60 Minutes
983:References
963:60 Minutes
916:in Kenya.
772:neurotoxic
743:CAS Number
678:. It is a
657:Carbofuran
468:Solubility
430:1.18 g/cm
405:Molar mass
278:SKF77S6Y67
185:ChemSpider
121:3D model (
100:CAS Number
57:Carbofuran
47:Carbofuran
5044:agonists:
5028:Enhancers
4901:Vesamicol
4785:Cymserine
4734:Obidoxime
4729:Methoxime
4643:Harmaline
4638:Cymserine
4628:Crimidine
4575:Unsorted:
4470:Triazofos
4410:Ro 3-0433
4405:Ro 3-0422
4400:Ro 3-0419
4395:Ro 3-0417
4390:Ro 3-0412
4385:Ro 3-0411
4380:Ro 3-0397
4375:Ro 3-0352
4370:Ro 3-0351
4365:Ro 3-0347
4360:Ro 3-0346
4355:Ro 3-0340
4345:Prothoate
4315:Phosfolan
4310:Phosalone
4295:Parathion
4280:Omethoate
4250:Mevinphos
4215:Malathion
4205:Leptophos
4110:Endothion
3990:Demephion
3980:Cyanophos
3970:Coumaphos
3940:Cadusafos
3935:Bensulide
3930:BAY-29952
3894:Zanapezil
3854:Minaprine
3834:Huprine Y
3829:Huprine X
3824:Huprine W
3794:Donepezil
3723:Thiofanox
3698:Promecarb
3688:Pinmicarb
3668:Metolcarb
3628:Dimetilan
3588:Bufencarb
3578:Aminocarb
3530:CM-54,903
3441:transport
3222:Adjuvants
3217:Sarolaner
3212:Pyriprole
3207:Pyridaben
3197:Lotilaner
3132:Bensultap
3096:Ryanodine
3033:Pyrethrum
3015:Pyrethrin
2832:Phosalone
2812:Parathion
2802:Omethoate
2782:Mevinphos
2767:Malathion
2682:Coumaphos
2657:Bensulide
2624:Toxaphene
2524:Chlordane
2418:Lufenuron
2312:Promecarb
2302:Metolcarb
2247:Aminocarb
2110:March 30,
2077:USA Today
1978:"unknown"
1409:April 26,
1368:0893-228X
1319:0893-228X
997:Water Res
900:FMC Corp.
885:Sri Lanka
869:estradiol
836:marijuana
763:parathion
737:Chemistry
664:pesticide
661:carbamate
462:320 mg/L
110:1563-66-2
5084:See also
5068:Crotoxin
4770:Affinine
4703:BW284C51
4658:Lycorine
4588:Affinine
4578:α-Pinene
4556:Onchidal
4475:Tribufos
4455:Terbufos
4425:Schradan
4290:Paraoxon
4210:Malaoxon
4140:Fenthion
4125:Ethoprop
4010:Diazinon
4005:Dialifor
3910:Acephate
3844:Itopride
3789:Caffeine
3713:Propoxur
3663:Methomyl
3593:Carbaryl
3573:Aldicarb
3392:Spinosad
3294:Paraoxon
3289:Malaoxon
3261:Xanthone
3236:Spinosad
3192:Limonene
3172:Fipronil
3101:Ryanodol
3073:Ryanoids
2887:Tribufos
2877:Terbufos
2862:Schradan
2752:Fenthion
2737:Ethoprop
2692:Diazinon
2642:Acephate
2579:Dieldrin
2514:Beta-HCH
2360:Cryolite
2317:Propoxur
2297:Methomyl
2262:Carbaryl
2242:Aldicarb
2086:Archived
2023:Archived
1990:cite web
1934:Archived
1903:. US EPA
1877:26042972
1824:46194233
1816:20021136
1776:17674859
1733:Archived
1670:Archived
1643:Archived
1610:Archived
1587:Archived
1537:Archived
1533:CBS News
1506:Archived
1501:BBC News
1434:. IUPAC.
1386:28027439
1327:27657490
1241:Archived
1217:June 10,
1092:(NIOSH).
971:See also
938:methomyl
934:Thailand
904:de facto
887:and the
865:cortisol
852:in utero
848:hormones
826:vultures
822:raccoons
759:aldicarb
753:Toxicity
676:soybeans
668:potatoes
521:Hazards
5054:Others:
5006:Others:
4942:SNAP-25
4915:Release
4805:Tacrine
4713:3152 CT
4678:Taspine
4450:Temefos
4350:R-16661
4320:Phosmet
4305:Phorate
4255:Mipafox
4220:Mazidox
4150:Fonofos
4095:EA-4352
4090:EA-3148
4085:EA-2613
4080:EA-2192
4075:EA-2098
4070:EA-2054
4065:EA-2012
4040:Dimefox
3995:Demeton
3889:Tacrine
3884:TL-1238
3804:EA-4056
3799:EA-3990
3708:Propham
3673:Miotine
3230:Sesamex
3122:Amitraz
2867:Temefos
2857:R-16661
2837:Phosmet
2827:Phorate
2787:Mipafox
2712:Dimefox
2604:Lindane
2574:Dicofol
2549:1,2-DCE
2544:1,1-DCE
2539:1,4-DCB
2534:1,2-DCB
1962:June 5,
1869:9192206
1849:Bibcode
1377:5318275
1186:: 1–7.
1086:"#0101"
1005:Bibcode
810:raptors
691:Furadan
638:what is
636: (
498:benzene
482:acetone
426:Density
410:221.256
245:PubChem
18:Furadan
4415:Ronnel
4330:Phoxim
4120:Ethion
3915:Armine
3879:TL-599
3874:T-1194
3869:T-1152
3864:T-1123
3678:Oxamyl
3452:Enzyme
3142:Cartap
2842:Phoxim
2732:Ethion
2599:Kepone
2589:Endrin
2509:Aldrin
2307:Oxamyl
2055:May 8,
1875:
1867:
1822:
1814:
1774:
1606:News24
1384:
1374:
1366:
1325:
1317:
1272:
1113:
1062:
944:, and
881:Canada
867:, and
731:aphids
633:verify
630:
502:xylene
500:, and
351:SMILES
233:C14291
165:ChEMBL
68:Names
4886:VAChT
4708:TMTFA
4270:Naled
4175:GT-45
4165:GD-42
3515:AF64A
2797:Naled
2614:Mirex
1873:S2CID
1820:S2CID
1154:(PDF)
1143:(PDF)
910:Kenya
802:kites
724:Usage
703:Bayer
701:, by
693:, by
684:roots
659:is a
608:N.D.
582:none
566:NIOSH
326:InChI
145:ChEBI
123:JSmol
5038:LPHN
4973:VAMP
4755:BChE
4265:MSPI
3551:AChE
3525:BETA
3520:B115
3470:ChAT
3439:and
3299:TCPy
3284:Oxon
2569:DFDT
2145:2018
2112:2009
2057:2016
2031:2012
1999:help
1964:2009
1942:2019
1909:2008
1865:PMID
1812:PMID
1772:PMID
1706:WNYC
1702:2019
1618:2019
1582:Blic
1453:2012
1411:2017
1382:PMID
1364:ISSN
1323:PMID
1315:ISSN
1283:2020
1270:ISBN
1249:2019
1219:2021
1184:2019
1162:2011
1124:2020
1111:ISBN
1060:ISBN
875:Bans
816:and
761:and
697:and
674:and
672:corn
602:IDLH
509:log
269:UNII
258:2566
224:KEGG
194:2468
4845:CHT
4115:EPN
2564:DDT
2559:DDE
2554:DDD
1857:doi
1804:doi
1762:doi
1695:NPR
1372:PMC
1356:doi
1307:doi
1188:doi
1013:doi
958:CBS
946:EPN
932:of
794:EPA
589:REL
576:PEL
295:EPA
248:CID
5115::
5060:,
5015:,
4996:,
4992:,
4988:,
4961:,
4957:,
4722::
4548:,
4544:,
4540:,
4525:VX
4520:VR
4515:VS
4510:VP
4505:VM
4500:VG
4495:VE
4180:GV
4170:GH
3228:,
3025:;
3023:II
3021:,
2224::
2129:.
2084:.
2080:.
2074:.
2015:.
1994::
1992:}}
1988:{{
1926:.
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1800:14
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1770:.
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1756:.
1750:.
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1641:.
1635:.
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1554:.
1531:.
1525:.
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1486:^
1430:.
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1380:.
1370:.
1362:.
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1350:.
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1313:.
1303:29
1301:.
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1001:14
999:.
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883:,
863:,
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785:50
783:LD
670:,
547:50
545:LD
496:,
492:,
488:,
484:,
480:,
476:,
389:15
383:12
5064:)
5019:)
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5000:)
4998:G
4994:F
4990:D
4986:B
4984:(
4965:)
4963:E
4959:C
4955:A
4953:(
4923:)
4919:(
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4558:(
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