843:(FFDCA), the EPA can also regulate the amount of pesticide residues permissible on or in food/feed items, by establishing a "safe" level meaning there is "a reasonable certainty of no harm" from the exposure to the residue whether directly from the consumption of such food or from other non-occupational sources. For food crops, the EPA is required to establish a "tolerance" level, the maximum "safe" level of pesticide present on or in the particular food/feed commodity. The EPA may also choose to provide an exemption to the requirement of an established tolerance level, allowing any amount of a pesticide residue to remain on or in food or feed as long as the exemption meets FFDCA safety standards. Successfully registered pesticides must conform to approved uses and conditions of use, which the registrant must state on the label.
823:
conditions of use for the article, or that is an animal feed within the meaning of section 321(x) of title 21 bearing or containing a new animal drug. The term "pesticide" does not include liquid chemical sterilant products (including any sterilant or subordinate disinfectant claims on such products) for use on a critical or semi-critical device, as defined in section 321 of title 21. For purposes of the preceding sentence, the term "critical device" includes any device which is introduced directly into the human body, either into or in contact with the bloodstream or normally sterile areas of the body and the term "semi-critical device" includes any device which contacts intact mucous membranes but which does not ordinarily penetrate the blood barrier or otherwise enter normally sterile areas of the body.
228:
38:
244:
crop yield from significantly lower pest damage. Synthetic organic insecticide usage increased from 100 million pounds in 1945 to over 300 million pounds by 1950. The
Federal Insecticide Act of 1910 set standards for chemical quality and provided consumers protection but did not address the growing issue of potential environmental damage and biological health risks associated with such widespread use of insecticides. Congress passed the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act in 1947 to address some of the shortcomings of the Federal Insecticide Act.
856:(FQPA), amended FIFRA to require all older pesticides to cause no harm to infants, children, and sensitive individuals within "reasonable certainty". Through the reregistration program, older pesticides are eligible for reregistration if they have a complete database and not cause unreasonable health and environmental risks if used as directed in accordance to their labels. FQPA also requires the EPA to review pesticides on a 15-year cycle to ensure all pesticides meet contemporary safety and regulatory standards.
980:(EPA). A few exceptions allow a pesticide to be exempt from registration requirements. There must be a label on each pesticide describing, in detail, instructions for safe use. Under the act, the EPA must identify each pesticide as "general use", "restricted use", or both. "General use" labeled pesticides are available to anyone in the general public. Those labeled as "restricted use" require specific credentials and certifications through the EPA (certified applicator).
984:
Section 9 authorizes inspection of pesticides in storage for sale or distribution. Under
Section 13, EPA may issue a Stop Sale, Use or Removal Order (SSURO) to prevent the sale or distribution of violative pesticides and for the authority to seize these pesticides. Section 15 provides indemnity payments for suspended or cancelled registrations. Section 16 allows for a judicial review process for individuals or entities affected by an EPA order or action.
832:"(FDCA). The applicant must provide scientific data from any combinations of over 100 different tests conducted under EPA guidelines to assess these potential adverse short-term and long-term effects. There is considerable public interest in the contents of pesticide registration studies, which has led to conflict over public access to these materials. These competing interests as well as legislation addressing access has been covered separately under
1895:
219:(FEPCA) and several others have expanded EPA's present authority to oversee the sales and use of pesticides with emphasis on the preservation of human health and protection of the environment by "(1) strengthening the registration process by shifting the burden of proof to the chemical manufacturer, (2) enforcing compliance against banned and unregistered products, and (3) promulgating the regulatory framework missing from the original law".
836:. In some cases, manufacturers choose to conduct addition work to satisfy requirements for peer-reviewed literature, as was the case for the herbicide, cloransulam-methyl. Publication of registration studies in the peer-reviewed literature not only provides unlimited public access, but also ensures sufficient rigor to satisfy the scientific community at large.
865:
of $ 20,000 per company. For each product over fifty, the fee is $ 100, for a maximum fee of $ 35,000. Fees may be reduced or waived for small business registrants, public health pesticides, or minor use pesticides at the EPA's discretion, and failure to pay reregistration fees or maintenance fees may result in cancellation of a product registration.
710:, which is only done after a period of data collection to determine the effectiveness for its intended use, appropriate dosage, and hazards of the particular material. When registered, a label is created to instruct the final user the proper usage of the material. If instructions are ignored, users are liable for any negative consequences.
1062:
To be sure this program is implemented, some labels will direct users of the pesticides to bulletins with specific information regarding use. The protection program has 2 main goals: (1) provide the best protection of endangered species from pesticides and (2) minimize the impact of the program on pesticide users.
983:
Although FIFRA is generally enforced by the EPA, Sections 23, 24, 26 and 27 extend primary enforcement authorities to the states. However, EPA authority always supersedes state authority, and primary state authority can be rescinded if the state fails to assure safe enforcement of pesticides usage.
963:
Devices and instruments used to trap or kill pests or plant life, but not including equipment used to apply pesticides when sold separately, are also regulated but not required to be registered. Pesticide "intermediates" used in the synthesis or manufacture of the pesticide products may be regulated
752:
Pesticides intended for import into the U.S. require a complete Notice of
Arrival (NOA) through U.S. Customs and Border Protection. If this NOA is not complete the product would not make it through customs. The NOA lists the identity of the product, the amount within the package, the date of arrival,
1039:
Violative acts are charged as misdemeanors and subject to fines and/or imprisonment. A private applicator is subject to $ 1000 and/or 30 days imprisonment. A commercial applicator is subject to $ 25,000 and/or up to one year imprisonment. A manufacturer or producer is subject to $ 50,000 and/or up
864:
Initial and final fees for reregistration of food or feed use active ingredients are $ 50,000 and $ 100,000-$ 150,000, respectively. Reregistration fees for non-food use pesticides are $ 50,000-$ 100,000. Annual maintenance fees are also imposed: $ 425 per product up to fifty products and a maximum
743:
In addition to the FIFRA, the
Pesticide Registration Improvement Act of 2003 amended the authorized fees for certain products, assessed the process of collecting maintenance fees, and decided on a review process for approving the pesticides. The Pesticide Registration Improvement Act of 2007 renewed
715:
Only a few pesticides are made available to the general public. Most pesticides are considered too hazardous for general use, and are restricted to certified applicators. FIFRA established a system of examination and certification both at the private level and at the commercial level for applicators
243:
there was a marked increase in the pesticide market, as wartime research and development produced many chemicals with newly discovered insecticidal properties. Widespread usage of pesticides garnered much public and political support due to the resulting post war food surplus made possible by higher
1061:
protects and promotes animal and plant recovery of ones in danger of extinction due to human activity. Under this act the EPA must also consider the dangers to animals and plants when registering a new pesticide. The pesticide must not harm the listed endangered and threatened animals and habitats.
1030:
When determining civil penalties, the EPA would take into consideration the severity of infraction, effects of penalties, and size of business. Under
Section 14 (a)(1), commercial applicators, wholesalers, dealers, and retailers "may be assessed a civil penalty…of not more than $ 5,000 for each
259:
and shifted emphasis to protection of the environment and public health. The amendments required the EPA to assess potential risks the pesticides posed to humans, the environment, and wildlife and weigh these against their benefits, taking action against those for which the risks outweighed the
1048:
FIFRA requires the EPA to continually monitor and update registered pesticides for any new information concerning their safety. Registrants are required to promptly report any new evidence of adverse side effects and to continually conduct studies to aid in risk assessments. If new information
876:
are chemicals added to enhance the performance or efficacy and/or alter the physical properties of the pesticidal agents. More than 200 EPA registered pesticides recommends specific addition of one or more adjuvants into the pesticidal mixture to improve overall efficacy. Recognized as "other
827:
An applicant will have to prove that the pesticide active ingredient, pesticide product, or proposed new use of a registered pesticide will not cause unreasonable adverse effects on human health and environment. An unreasonable adverse effect is "(1) any risk that is unreasonable to man or the
822:
any nitrogen stabilizer, except that the term "pesticide" shall not include any article that is a "new animal drug" within the meaning of section 321(w) of title 21, that has been determined by the
Secretary of Health and Human Services not to be a new animal drug by a regulation establishing
802:
issued a memorandum announcing its intent to begin preliminary research to assess the EPA's inspections of, and enforcement against, illegal pesticide imports. The objective of this project is to "determine whether the EPA's
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) import
731:, and conventional pesticides. The three categories have a similar application process, but have different data requirements and review policies. Depending on the category of pesticide, the review process can take several years. After a pesticide is registered with the EPA, there may be
828:
environment that takes social, economic, and environmental costs as well as benefits into consideration and (2) any dietary risk that could be the result of a pesticide used with any food lacking consistency with the standards listed under
Section 408 of the
851:
A majority of older registered were required to be reregistered under guidelines set by
Amendments in 1972, 1988, and 1996 (Table1) in order to meet current health and safety standards, labeling requirements, and for risk regulation and moderation. The
2505:
690:
In order to be considered for use, pesticides had to undergo 120 tests with regards to safety and its actual effectiveness. Because of these rigorous test, only 1 in 139,000 actually make it through to be used in agriculture. This act directly
811:
Before a company can register its pesticide products with the EPA, it must know what the EPA considers a pesticide under the law. According to section 2(u) of FIFRA, 7 U.S.C. section 136(u), the term "pesticide" is defined as the following:
1049:
indicates adverse side effects, then EPA may conduct a special review to assess the risks and benefit of continued use of the suspect pesticide. With the completion of a special review, EPA may choose to amend or cancel the registration.
2107:
738:
In addition to the rules and regulations given by the EPA, the states may also offer an additional set of rules and registration requirements for a registered pesticide. They can also request annual usage reports from the pesticide
2177:
239:(FIA) of 1910 was the first pesticide legislation enacted. This legislation ensured quality pesticides by protecting farmers and consumers from fraudulent and/or adulterated products by manufacturers and distributors. During
2441:
1861:
2161:
2131:
2717:
2403:
2387:
2239:
2521:
260:
benefits. In 1988, Congress amended the pesticide registration provisions requiring re-registration of many pesticides that had been registered before 1984. The act was amended again in 1996 by the
2311:
2861:
2958:
3721:
2489:
2473:
2457:
2449:
2395:
3633:
4115:
3137:
2063:
4395:
4182:
3979:
2773:
2169:
682:
Note: This table shows only the major code sections. For more detail and to determine when a section was added, the reader should consult the official printed version of the U.S. Code.
215:(EPA) and the appropriate environmental agencies of the respective states. FIFRA has undergone several important amendments since its inception. A significant revision in 1972 by the
3238:
1854:
4028:
3199:
3116:
3104:
2951:
2411:
2255:
794:
Note: An EPA registered establishment is one that produces pesticides, the active ingredients in pesticides, and devices for pesticide use and reports initial and annual production.
3880:
3265:
2679:
4400:
3417:
3024:
2927:
4000:
3749:
267:
As of May 2007, there are 28 listed restricted pesticides of different formulas and mixtures. Any area these pesticides are used or applied is considered a restricted area.
4410:
3873:
3656:
3428:
2897:
2879:
2030:
1847:
695:
certain substances and certain uses of those substances, as distinguished from other legislation regulating pesticides, which impose costs on certain practices but do not
3387:
3373:
2537:
2497:
3401:
3009:
2231:
2139:
1665:
Wolt, J. D., J.K. Smith, J.K. Sims, and D.O. Duebelbeis. 1996. Products and kinetics of cloramsulam-methyl aerobic soil metabolism. J. Agric. Food Chem. 44:324-332.
3331:
4145:
4007:
4260:
3829:
3019:
2263:
2185:
4080:
3887:
3029:
3001:
2056:
1914:
1909:
977:
256:
212:
4288:
2964:
2944:
2247:
3410:
3772:
3714:
3679:
2885:
2201:
2193:
773:
Pesticides intended for export to other parts of the world do not have a registration requirement under certain conditions. The conditions are as follows:
216:
1264:
3947:
3571:
2287:
2279:
1794:
744:
these changes to stay in place until 2012. The purpose of the PRIA is to ensure a smooth implementation of pesticide rules and regulations to its users.
1555:
1078:
Implement usage limitations when the Fish and
Wildlife service express a potential adverse effect on a particular species based on a biological opinion
4321:
4046:
3258:
2637:
1870:
1031:
offense". Private applicators would be given a warning for the first offense, and a fine up to $ 1000 may be assessed for each subsequent violation.
833:
4314:
3686:
3292:
3283:
2600:
2049:
1981:
803:
inspection program is effectively deterring, identifying and confiscating illegal pesticide imports, to protect human health and the environment."
4210:
4035:
3924:
3903:
3172:
3034:
2843:
2839:
2835:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2815:
2811:
2807:
1823:
1700:
877:
ingredients", the EPA also establishes tolerance levels for adjuvants, but they are not required to be registered. Examples of adjuvants include:
252:
4108:
3786:
3394:
3127:
2970:
2867:
2855:
2529:
2331:
1777:
4330:
4064:
3836:
3215:
2736:
2513:
1986:
1538:
712:
Label directions are designed to maximize the effectiveness of the product, while protecting the applicator, consumers, and the environment.
4390:
3626:
3513:
3317:
3251:
3233:
2915:
2873:
1581:
965:
840:
829:
777:
The foreign purchaser has to submit a statement to the EPA stating it knows the product is not registered and can't be sold on U.S. soil.
3933:
3917:
3640:
3299:
3187:
3039:
2349:
2295:
2209:
1807:
4021:
3940:
3857:
3779:
2909:
2673:
2433:
2371:
2341:
2080:
1386:
4230:
4136:
4071:
3594:
2742:
2685:
2649:
2481:
2151:
1828:
227:
149:
136:
1769:
783:
The label requirements must be met and the label must contain the English language and the language of the receiving country(ies).
4405:
4122:
4057:
3167:
3147:
3014:
2903:
2849:
2724:
2007:
1802:
1203:
1894:
4353:
4159:
3843:
3758:
3742:
3700:
3557:
3366:
3359:
3352:
3345:
3338:
2803:
2760:
2072:
2012:
117:
109:
4196:
4189:
3793:
3094:
3074:
2785:
2730:
2612:
2379:
2361:
3529:
2123:
4385:
4087:
4014:
3765:
3550:
2703:
2221:
1420:
4175:
4168:
3707:
3649:
2667:
964:
but are also not required to be registered with FIFRA. However, these pesticide intermediates may be regulated by the
4152:
3910:
3437:
3274:
3132:
3079:
3049:
2932:
2754:
1764:
987:
Section 14 establishes civil and federal penalties for violative acts. Some examples of these unlawful acts include:
853:
799:
261:
191:
70:
3894:
3672:
2559:
1965:
1479:
1454:
1320:
1153:
93:
4362:
4203:
3822:
3619:
3578:
3122:
3059:
2938:
2921:
2791:
2697:
2661:
3490:
1075:
When concerns of the listed species aren't avoidable, they consult with the Fish and Wildlife Services scientist
37:
3986:
3564:
3210:
3205:
3142:
2465:
1960:
1955:
1940:
1884:
1271:
717:
816:
any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating any pest,
264:. More recently the act was amended in 2012 by the Pesticide Registration Improvement Extension Act of 2012.
236:
4337:
4297:
4281:
4251:
3993:
3963:
2990:
2797:
341:
1587:. The Office of Inspector General (OIG) for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA ). 22 April 2016
1095:
providing a toll-free number for users to contact regarding information in bulletins and how to obtain one.
211:
regulation to protect applicators, consumers, and the environment. It is administered and regulated by the
4305:
3956:
3612:
3520:
1491:
1466:
1110:
1058:
1000:
Falsification of any test-related information or the submission of any false data to support registration.
819:
any substance or mixture of substances intended for use as a plant regulator, defoliant, or desiccant, and
2655:
3864:
3110:
3099:
2984:
2977:
2691:
2567:
2099:
1945:
1130:
732:
2643:
1782:
1707:
1556:"U.S. EPA OIG to Review EPA's Inspections and Enforcement Actions Related to Illegal Pesticide Imports"
1786:
1018:
Making a restricted-use pesticide available to a non-certified applicator (except as provided by law).
4267:
3543:
3193:
2319:
2271:
1105:
1756:
255:
responsibility for regulating pesticides. The 1972 amendment transferred this responsibility to the
4237:
3972:
3465:
3089:
3084:
2606:
2091:
1488:
1463:
4244:
2115:
1773:
1760:
1504:
143:
4221:
4129:
3728:
3307:
3152:
2779:
2709:
2625:
1991:
1534:
1390:
786:
The pesticide must comply with all FIFRA establishment registration and reporting requirements
3815:
3497:
3473:
3069:
1950:
1839:
1646:"Chapter 1 - Overview of Requirements for Pesticide Registration and Registrant Obligations"
1125:
976:
Under FIFRA no individual may sell, use, nor distribute a pesticide not registered with the
276:
Table 2. Major U.S. Code Sections of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act
4274:
4094:
3587:
3506:
3324:
3243:
2748:
2585:
2423:
2303:
1424:
994:
Making any advertising claim about a pesticide not included in the registration statement.
769:
The product must have been produced in an EPA registered establishment that files annually
173:
48:
An Act to regulate the marketing of economic poisons and devices, and for other purposes
3481:
3458:
3444:
3162:
2017:
1930:
1645:
1065:
To protect the endangered species with the EPA program, the following was implemented:
153:
4379:
3693:
3228:
3177:
3157:
780:
The pesticide must contain a label that "Not Registered for Use in the United States"
760:
The pesticide has to be registered with the EPA, except if it's on the exemption list
724:
618:
Minimum requirements for training of maintenance applicators and service technicians
3735:
3064:
1790:
1162:
728:
240:
102:
2041:
1728:
1666:
1505:"TITLE 7 - AGRICULTURE CHAPTER 6—INSECTICIDES AND ENVIRONMENTAL PESTICIDE CONTROL"
1817:
Copies of the labels of most pesticides registered in the USA can be obtained at
1356:
1015:
Advertising a restricted-use pesticide without giving the product classification.
3850:
3451:
3380:
3182:
1606:
1115:
1582:"Evaluation of EPA's Pesticide Import Inspections Project No. OPE -FY16 -00 25"
1417:
997:
Selling any registered pesticide if its content does not conform to label data.
585:
Failure by the state to assure enforcement of state pesticides use regulations
3806:
3536:
2618:
2506:
Los Angeles County Flood Control District v. Natural Resources Defense Council
1833:
1441:
1006:
Detaching, altering, defacing, or destroying any part of a container or label.
596:
Identification of pests; cooperation with Department of Agriculture's program
2891:
2631:
2549:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1120:
707:
208:
1829:
Pesticide Use and Water Quality: Are the Laws Complementary or in Conflict
1089:
develop bulletins containing habitat location and pesticide use limitations
1082:
In order to implement the usage limitations mentioned above, the EPA will:
723:
The EPA has different review processes for three categories of pesticides:
3663:
1092:
distributing the bulletins containing this information to pesticide users
873:
1072:
there is an attempt at finding means to avoid concerns of listed species
753:
and where it can be inspected. There are also other rules listed below:
1812:
121:
53:
1818:
1803:
EPA summary of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act
207:) is a United States federal law that set up the basic U.S. system of
2178:
Baltimore Gas & Electric Co. v. Natural Resources Defense Council
1797:
1734:. Publications Distribution Center, The Pennsylvania State University
1321:"FIFRA Lite: A Regulatory Solution or Part of the Pesticide Problem?"
17:
1204:"Summary of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act"
1694:
1611:
7 USC Chapter 6 - INSECTICIDES AND ENVIRONMENTAL PESTICIDE CONTROL
226:
2718:
Scenic Hudson Preservation Conference v. Federal Power Commission
1692:
1690:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1674:
991:
Distributing, selling, or delivering any unregistered pesticide.
3247:
2404:
Weyerhaeuser Company v. United States Fish and Wildlife Service
2388:
Babbitt v. Sweet Home Chapter of Communities for a Great Oregon
2045:
1843:
231:
Mexican Brand Insect Fluid, "Under the Insecticide Act of 1910"
2522:
National Association of Manufacturers v. Department of Defense
2474:
National Association of Home Builders v. Defenders of Wildlife
2396:
National Association of Home Builders v. Defenders of Wildlife
2312:
HollyFrontier Cheyenne Refining v. Renewable Fuels Association
1350:
1348:
1346:
1021:
Using a pesticide in any manner not consistent with the label.
1009:
Refusing to keep records or permit authorized EPA inspections.
720:. The distribution of restricted pesticides is also monitored.
1722:
1720:
1613:. Cornell University Law School - Legal Information Institute
1510:. Cornell University Law School - Legal Information Institute
757:
It must comply with standards set with the U.S. pesticide law
869:
Regulated non-pesticidal products not requiring registration
2490:
Coeur Alaska, Inc. v. Southeast Alaska Conservation Council
2458:
S. D. Warren Co. v. Maine Board of Environmental Protection
2450:
South Florida Water Management District v. Miccosukee Tribe
1531:
Green Products by Design: Choices for a Cleaner Environment
247:
Congress enacted major revisions to FIFRA in 1972 with the
1478:
Pesticide Registration Improvement Extension Act of 2012,
1069:
sound science is used to assess risk to the listed species
1012:
Making a guarantee other than that specified by the label.
4116:
National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants
3138:
National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants
4183:
Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972
3980:
Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974
2170:
Metropolitan Edison Co. v. People Against Nuclear Energy
1442:“Reducing Pesticide Risks: A Half Century of Progress.”
4029:
Emergency Daylight Saving Time Energy Conservation Act
2412:
United States Fish and Wildlife Service v. Sierra Club
2256:
Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation v. EPA
2132:
Friends of the Earth v. Laidlaw Environmental Services
1834:"Reducing Pesticide Risks: A Half Century of Progress"
1314:
1312:
3881:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
1387:"Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act"
1310:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1292:
789:
It must comply with FIFRA record keeping requirements
2928:
Alien Species Prevention and Enforcement Act of 1992
1640:
1638:
1636:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1628:
519:
Solicitation of comments; notice of public hearings
4220:
4045:
4001:
Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act of 1972
3805:
3657:
Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grants
3604:
3427:
3282:
3048:
3000:
2768:
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act
2582:
2548:
2422:
2360:
2330:
2220:
2150:
2079:
2000:
1974:
1936:
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act
1923:
1902:
1877:
1783:
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act
201:
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act
183:
160:
142:
132:
127:
108:
89:
84:
76:
65:
52:
44:
31:
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act
2898:Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act
1824:Environmental Resource Center for Higher Education
1480:
1455:
1154:
702:FIFRA established a set of pesticide regulations:
629:Environmental Protection Agency minor use program
398:Protection of trade secrets and other information
189:Federal Environmental Pesticide Control Act (1972)
94:
2952:Coalition for Responsible Regulation, Inc. v. EPA
1554:Campbell, Lisa M.; Burchi, Lisa R. (6 May 2016).
1431:University of Minnesota. Retrieved on 2007-10-15.
3010:Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
2774:Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act
2140:BP P.L.C. v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore
4396:United States federal environmental legislation
4146:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
4008:Agriculture and Consumer Protection Act of 1973
1667:https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/jf9503570
1003:Selling an adulterated or misbranded pesticide.
3830:National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
3020:National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
2264:Department of Transportation v. Public Citizen
2186:Department of Transportation v. Public Citizen
497:Storage, disposal, transportation, and recall
3888:Occupational Safety and Health Administration
3259:
3030:United States Environmental Protection Agency
2680:Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act
2057:
1915:United States Environmental Protection Agency
1910:California Department of Pesticide Regulation
1855:
1152:Federal Environmental Pesticide Control Act,
978:United States Environmental Protection Agency
213:United States Environmental Protection Agency
27:US federal law governing pesticide regulation
8:
2240:Chevron v. Natural Resources Defense Council
1412:
1410:
1408:
640:Department of Agriculture minor use program
30:
4401:History of agriculture in the United States
4102:Federal Environmental Pesticide Control Act
3715:Health Maintenance Organization Act of 1973
3680:Equal Educational Opportunities Act of 1974
2886:Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act
2202:Winter v. Natural Resources Defense Council
2194:Norton v. Southern Utah Wilderness Alliance
1258:
1256:
1254:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1244:
249:Federal Environmental Pesticide Control Act
217:Federal Environmental Pesticide Control Act
3948:Securities Investor Protection Corporation
3266:
3252:
3244:
2880:Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act
2288:American Electric Power Co. v. Connecticut
2280:Environmental Defense v. Duke Energy Corp.
2232:Train v. Natural Resources Defense Council
2147:
2064:
2050:
2042:
1862:
1848:
1840:
1265:"Pesticide Law: A Summary of the Statutes"
1242:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1224:
464:Administrative procedure; judicial review
278:(codified generally as 7 U.S.C. 136-136y)
4411:Pesticide regulation in the United States
3918:Lead-Based Paint Poisoning Prevention Act
2638:North Pacific Fur Seal Convention of 1911
2607:Forest Service Organic Administration Act
2248:Whitman v. American Trucking Associations
1871:Pesticide regulation in the United States
1699:Utah Department of Agriculture and Food.
1440:Susan Wayland and Penelope Fenner-Crisp.
834:Pesticide regulation in the United States
574:State primary enforcement responsibility
3687:Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972
3237:) is being considered for deletion. See
2601:Yellowstone National Park Protection Act
1982:Inter-Regional Research Project Number 4
1836:, a report by the EPA Alumni Association
1357:"Federal Pesticide Laws and Regulations"
486:Exemption of federal and state agencies
475:Exemption of federal and state agencies
330:Reregistration of registered pesticides
280:
4211:Water Resources Development Act of 1974
4036:Trans-Alaska Pipeline Authorization Act
3925:Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970
3904:U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission
3035:United States Fish and Wildlife Service
1416:Willson, Harold R (February 23, 1996),
1148:
1146:
1142:
706:FIFRA established registration for all
409:Restricted use pesticides; applicators
253:United States Department of Agriculture
4109:National Ambient Air Quality Standards
3787:Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970
3128:National Ambient Air Quality Standards
2971:Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act
2868:Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
2856:Hazardous Materials Transportation Act
2530:County of Maui v. Hawaii Wildlife Fund
1263:Schierow, Linda-Jo (1 February 2012).
1197:
1195:
1193:
1191:
29:
4065:Environmental Quality Improvement Act
3837:Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1970
3722:Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act
3216:Uranium Mill Tailings Remedial Action
2737:Environmental Quality Improvement Act
2514:Army Corps of Engineers v. Hawkes Co.
2124:Lujan v. National Wildlife Federation
1987:National Pesticide Information Center
1189:
1187:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1171:
763:It cannot be adulterated or violative
541:State cooperation, aid, and training
431:Stop sale, use, removal, and seizure
7:
3627:Minority Business Development Agency
2945:Energy Independence and Security Act
2916:National Environmental Education Act
1808:EPA summary on regulating pesticides
1086:add a generic label to the pesticide
966:Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976
841:Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
830:Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
651:Pesticide Registration Service Fees
4169:Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement
3934:Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act
3641:Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act
3572:Prevention of Nuclear War Agreement
3188:Significant New Alternatives Policy
3040:U.S. Global Change Research Program
2350:Southern Union Co. v. United States
2296:Utility Air Regulatory Group v. EPA
2210:Monsanto Co. v. Geertson Seed Farms
1444:EPA Alumni Association. March 2016.
251:(FEPCA). The 1947 law assigned the
4022:Emergency Petroleum Allocation Act
3941:Securities Investor Protection Act
3874:Occupational Safety and Health Act
3858:Economic Stabilization Act of 1970
3780:District of Columbia Home Rule Act
2965:America's Water Infrastructure Act
2955:(D.C. Cir. Court of Appeals, 2012)
2674:Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act
2434:United States v. Riverside Bayview
2372:Tennessee Valley Authority v. Hill
2342:City of Philadelphia v. New Jersey
1819:Crop Data Management Systems, Inc.
1813:EPA Pesticide Product Label System
1485:Tooltip Public Law (United States)
1460:Tooltip Public Law (United States)
1159:Tooltip Public Law (United States)
807:Registration of pesticide products
354:Administration review; suspension
297:Short title and table of contents
99:Tooltip Public Law (United States)
25:
4137:Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1970
4072:National Environmental Policy Act
3241:to help reach a consensus. ›
2981:(5th Cir. Court of Appeals, 2022)
2743:National Environmental Policy Act
2721:(2nd Cir. Court of Appeals, 1965)
2482:Entergy Corp. v. Riverkeeper Inc.
2442:SWANCC v. Army Corps of Engineers
1770:As codified in 7 U.S.C. chapter 6
1757:As codified in 7 U.S.C. chapter 6
1053:Pesticides and endangered species
4123:New Source Performance Standards
4058:Council on Environmental Quality
3168:Presidential Climate Action Plan
3148:New Source Performance Standards
3015:Council on Environmental Quality
2904:Emergency Wetlands Resources Act
2008:Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories
1893:
1319:Finegan, Pamela (1 April 1989).
673:Authorization of Appropriations
36:
4160:Coastal Zone Management Program
4081:Environmental Protection Agency
3844:Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1973
3759:Federal Contested Elections Act
3743:Drug Enforcement Administration
3701:End Stage Renal Disease Program
2804:Water Resources Development Act
2761:Coastal Zone Management Program
2073:United States environmental law
2013:Pesticides in the United States
1798:Statute Compilations collection
1729:"Horticultural Spray Adjuvants"
1202:US EPA, OP (22 February 2013).
365:Registration of establishments
257:Environmental Protection Agency
4197:Endangered Species Act of 1973
4190:Endangered Species Act of 1969
3794:Congressional Research Service
3374:VP confirmation of Gerald Ford
3095:Environmental impact statement
3075:Corporate average fuel economy
2959:Lautenberg Chemical Safety Act
2380:Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife
1562:. Bergeson & Campbell, P.C
1:
4015:Federal Energy Administration
3766:Federal Election Campaign Act
3551:Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty
1453:Food Quality Protection Act,
1325:Pace Environmental Law Review
766:There must be proper labeling
716:who wish to purchase and use
387:Inspection of establishments
4176:Marine Mammal Protection Act
4088:Clean Air Amendments of 1970
3708:Supplemental Security Income
3650:Education Amendments of 1972
2874:Toxic Substances Control Act
1533:. Diane Publishing Company.
950:tank and equipment cleaners,
847:Reregistration of pesticides
4391:92nd United States Congress
4153:Coastal Zone Management Act
3911:Consumer Product Safety Act
3694:National Cancer Act of 1971
3332:1970 Lincoln Memorial visit
3275:Presidency of Richard Nixon
3234:Presidency of Richard Nixon
3133:National Climate Assessment
3080:Discharge Monitoring Report
2933:Food Quality Protection Act
2755:Coastal Zone Management Act
1778:US House of Representatives
1607:"7 USC § 136 - Definitions"
1270:. p. 6. Archived from
854:Food Quality Protection Act
800:Office of Inspector General
563:Authority of Administrator
530:Delegation and cooperation
319:Registration of pesticides
262:Food Quality Protection Act
192:Food Quality Protection Act
71:80th United States Congress
4427:
4315:Senate Watergate Committee
3895:Permissible exposure limit
3673:Rehabilitation Act of 1973
3418:Presidential Proclamations
2910:Global Change Research Act
2560:United States v. Bestfoods
1966:Worker Protection Standard
1040:to one year imprisonment.
1035:Federal/criminal penalties
4347:
4204:Oil Pollution Act of 1973
3823:Fair Credit Reporting Act
3620:Revised Philadelphia Plan
3579:Threshold Test Ban Treaty
3183:Section 608 Certification
3123:Maximum contaminant level
3060:Best available technology
2706:(1963, 1970, 1977, 1990)
2686:Air Pollution Control Act
2650:Migratory Bird Treaty Act
2026:
1891:
839:Under Section 408 of the
735:requirements to consider.
718:restricted use pesticides
188:
165:
35:
4354:← Johnson administration
3987:Agricultural Act of 1970
3530:1973 Chilean coup d'état
3239:templates for discussion
3211:Toxicity category rating
3206:Total maximum daily load
3143:National Priorities List
3025:Office of Surface Mining
2850:Federal Noxious Weed Act
2751:(1972, 1977, 1987, 2014)
2725:Solid Waste Disposal Act
2466:Rapanos v. United States
1961:Toxicity category rating
1956:Restricted use pesticide
1941:Good laboratory practice
1885:DDT in the United States
1701:"Federal Pesticide Laws"
1529:Eyring, Gregory (1992).
508:Research and monitoring
342:Experimental use permits
4406:1972 in the environment
4252:Saturday Night Massacre
3994:Farm Credit Act of 1971
3964:Alternative minimum tax
3173:Renewable Fuel Standard
2991:Inflation Reduction Act
2798:Safe Drinking Water Act
1560:The National Law Review
1418:"Pesticide Regulations"
911:drift reduction agents,
798:On April 22, 2016, the
237:Federal Insecticide Act
4306:United States v. Nixon
3957:Tax Reform Act of 1969
3634:Native American policy
3613:Family Assistance Plan
2786:Endangered Species Act
2731:Endangered Species Act
2613:Rivers and Harbors Act
2162:United States v. SCRAP
2108:Vermont Yankee v. NRDC
1494:. Approved 2012-09-28.
1469:. Approved 1996-08-03.
1165:. Approved 1972-10-21.
1111:Endangered Species Act
1059:Endangered Species Act
902:crop oil concentrates,
232:
4363:Ford administration →
3865:Smithsonian Agreement
3388:Judicial appointments
3111:Executive Order 13990
3105:Executive Order 13432
3100:Environmental justice
2985:CHIPS and Science Act
2692:Fish and Wildlife Act
2568:Guam v. United States
2100:Sierra Club v. Morton
1772:subchapter II of the
1759:subchapter II of the
1131:Restricted pesticides
956:water absorbents, and
923:spreaders, extenders,
899:compatibility agents,
896:dyes and brighteners,
230:
137:7 U.S.C.: Agriculture
4386:1972 in American law
4268:White House Plumbers
3194:State of the Climate
2862:Magnuson–Stevens Act
2668:McSweeney-McNary Act
2320:West Virginia v. EPA
2272:Massachusetts v. EPA
1793:) as amended in the
1385:Schierow, Linda-Jo.
1277:on 27 September 2013
1106:Agriculture ministry
552:Authority of states
4322:impeachment process
4238:Operation Sandwedge
3973:Revenue Act of 1971
3773:1970 VRA Amendments
3521:Shanghai Communiqué
3514:1972 visit to China
3466:Paris Peace Accords
3438:International trips
3318:Second inauguration
3158:Not-To-Exceed (NTE)
3090:Environmental crime
3085:Effluent guidelines
2846:, 2014, 2016, 2022)
2586:federal legislation
2092:Missouri v. Holland
1429:IPM World Textbook.
920:herbicide safeners,
917:feeding stimulants,
271:Major code sections
161:Legislative history
32:
4245:Operation Gemstone
3544:1972 Moscow Summit
3300:First inauguration
2978:Louisiana v. Biden
2892:CERCLA (Superfund)
2800:(1974, 1986, 1996)
2116:Hughes v. Oklahoma
1774:United States Code
1761:United States Code
1423:2011-06-17 at the
1393:on 15 January 2015
944:dispersing agents,
929:suspension agents,
908:deposition agents,
893:anti-transpirants,
881:acidifying agents,
733:state registration
376:Books and records
233:
4373:
4372:
4298:White House tapes
4289:list of opponents
4130:Noise Control Act
3729:Shafer Commission
3595:Space exploration
3565:Washington Summit
3459:Cambodian bombing
3367:1974 SOTU Address
3360:1973 SOTU Address
3353:1972 SOTU Address
3346:1971 SOTU Address
3339:1970 SOTU Address
3308:Bring Us Together
3224:
3223:
3153:New Source Review
2939:Energy Policy Act
2922:Oil Pollution Act
2792:Oil Pollution Act
2780:Noise Control Act
2710:Acid Rain Program
2698:Oil Pollution Act
2662:Oil Pollution Act
2656:Clarke–McNary Act
2578:
2577:
2538:Sackett v. EPA II
2039:
2038:
2031:Categorical index
1992:SENSOR-Pesticides
1540:978-0-7881-4815-6
890:defoaming agents,
887:anti-foam agents,
884:buffering agents,
748:Import and export
680:
679:
197:
196:
111:Statutes at Large
16:(Redirected from
4418:
4366:
4357:
4340:
4333:
4324:
4317:
4310:
4300:
4291:
4284:
4277:
4270:
4263:
4254:
4247:
4240:
4233:
4213:
4206:
4199:
4192:
4185:
4178:
4171:
4162:
4155:
4148:
4139:
4132:
4125:
4118:
4111:
4104:
4097:
4090:
4083:
4074:
4067:
4060:
4038:
4031:
4024:
4017:
4010:
4003:
3996:
3989:
3982:
3975:
3966:
3959:
3950:
3943:
3936:
3927:
3920:
3913:
3906:
3897:
3890:
3883:
3876:
3867:
3860:
3853:
3846:
3839:
3832:
3825:
3818:
3816:Bank Secrecy Act
3796:
3789:
3782:
3775:
3768:
3761:
3752:
3745:
3738:
3731:
3724:
3717:
3710:
3703:
3696:
3689:
3682:
3675:
3666:
3659:
3652:
3643:
3636:
3629:
3622:
3615:
3597:
3590:
3581:
3574:
3567:
3560:
3553:
3546:
3539:
3532:
3523:
3516:
3509:
3500:
3493:
3484:
3477:
3474:Peace with Honor
3468:
3461:
3454:
3447:
3440:
3420:
3413:
3411:Executive Orders
3404:
3397:
3390:
3383:
3376:
3369:
3362:
3355:
3348:
3341:
3334:
3327:
3320:
3311:
3302:
3295:
3268:
3261:
3254:
3245:
3070:Clean Power Plan
3002:Federal agencies
2644:Weeks–McLean Act
2498:Sackett v. EPA I
2148:
2066:
2059:
2052:
2043:
1951:Pesticide misuse
1897:
1864:
1857:
1850:
1841:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1733:
1727:Hock, Winand K.
1724:
1715:
1714:
1712:
1706:. Archived from
1705:
1696:
1669:
1663:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1642:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1603:
1597:
1596:
1594:
1592:
1586:
1578:
1572:
1571:
1569:
1567:
1551:
1545:
1544:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1509:
1501:
1495:
1486:
1482:
1476:
1470:
1461:
1457:
1451:
1445:
1438:
1432:
1414:
1403:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1389:. Archived from
1382:
1371:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1361:
1352:
1341:
1340:
1338:
1336:
1316:
1287:
1286:
1284:
1282:
1276:
1269:
1260:
1219:
1218:
1216:
1214:
1199:
1166:
1160:
1156:
1150:
1126:Pesticide misuse
959:water softeners.
926:adhesive agents,
905:oil surfactants,
281:
184:Major amendments
176:on June 25, 1947
146:sections created
112:
100:
96:
58:
40:
33:
21:
4426:
4425:
4421:
4420:
4419:
4417:
4416:
4415:
4376:
4375:
4374:
4369:
4360:
4351:
4343:
4336:
4329:
4320:
4313:
4303:
4296:
4287:
4280:
4275:Watergate Seven
4273:
4266:
4259:
4250:
4243:
4236:
4229:
4216:
4209:
4202:
4195:
4188:
4181:
4174:
4167:
4158:
4151:
4144:
4135:
4128:
4121:
4114:
4107:
4100:
4095:Clean Water Act
4093:
4086:
4079:
4070:
4063:
4056:
4048:
4041:
4034:
4027:
4020:
4013:
4006:
3999:
3992:
3985:
3978:
3971:
3962:
3955:
3946:
3939:
3932:
3923:
3916:
3909:
3902:
3893:
3886:
3879:
3872:
3863:
3856:
3849:
3842:
3835:
3828:
3821:
3814:
3807:Economic policy
3801:
3792:
3785:
3778:
3771:
3764:
3757:
3750:Cannabis policy
3748:
3741:
3734:
3727:
3720:
3713:
3706:
3699:
3692:
3685:
3678:
3671:
3662:
3655:
3648:
3639:
3632:
3625:
3618:
3611:
3605:Domestic policy
3600:
3593:
3588:Operation CHAOS
3586:
3577:
3570:
3563:
3556:
3549:
3542:
3535:
3528:
3519:
3512:
3507:Tar Baby option
3505:
3496:
3491:Cold War period
3489:
3480:
3471:
3464:
3457:
3450:
3443:
3436:
3423:
3416:
3409:
3400:
3393:
3386:
3379:
3372:
3365:
3358:
3351:
3344:
3337:
3330:
3325:Silent majority
3323:
3316:
3305:
3298:
3291:
3278:
3272:
3242:
3225:
3220:
3052:
3044:
2996:
2749:Clean Water Act
2593:
2592:and lower court
2591:
2589:
2584:
2574:
2544:
2418:
2356:
2326:
2304:Michigan v. EPA
2216:
2146:
2083:
2075:
2070:
2040:
2035:
2022:
1996:
1970:
1946:Maintenance fee
1919:
1898:
1889:
1873:
1868:
1753:
1748:
1747:
1737:
1735:
1731:
1726:
1725:
1718:
1710:
1703:
1698:
1697:
1672:
1664:
1660:
1650:
1648:
1644:
1643:
1626:
1616:
1614:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1590:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1565:
1563:
1553:
1552:
1548:
1541:
1528:
1527:
1523:
1513:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1502:
1498:
1484:
1477:
1473:
1459:
1452:
1448:
1439:
1435:
1425:Wayback Machine
1415:
1406:
1396:
1394:
1384:
1383:
1374:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1355:Toth, Stephen.
1354:
1353:
1344:
1334:
1332:
1318:
1317:
1290:
1280:
1278:
1274:
1267:
1262:
1261:
1222:
1212:
1210:
1201:
1200:
1169:
1158:
1151:
1144:
1139:
1102:
1055:
1046:
1037:
1028:
1026:Civil penalties
974:
938:wetting agents,
932:gelling agents,
871:
862:
849:
809:
750:
711:
688:
273:
225:
190:
179:
174:Harry S. Truman
170:Signed into law
110:
98:
66:Enacted by
56:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4424:
4422:
4414:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4378:
4377:
4371:
4370:
4368:
4367:
4358:
4348:
4345:
4344:
4342:
4341:
4334:
4327:
4326:
4325:
4311:
4301:
4294:
4293:
4292:
4278:
4271:
4264:
4257:
4256:
4255:
4248:
4241:
4226:
4224:
4218:
4217:
4215:
4214:
4207:
4200:
4193:
4186:
4179:
4172:
4165:
4164:
4163:
4149:
4142:
4141:
4140:
4133:
4126:
4119:
4112:
4105:
4098:
4091:
4077:
4076:
4075:
4068:
4053:
4051:
4043:
4042:
4040:
4039:
4032:
4025:
4018:
4011:
4004:
3997:
3990:
3983:
3976:
3969:
3968:
3967:
3953:
3952:
3951:
3937:
3930:
3929:
3928:
3921:
3914:
3900:
3899:
3898:
3891:
3884:
3870:
3869:
3868:
3861:
3847:
3840:
3833:
3826:
3819:
3811:
3809:
3803:
3802:
3800:
3799:
3798:
3797:
3783:
3776:
3769:
3762:
3755:
3754:
3753:
3746:
3732:
3725:
3718:
3711:
3704:
3697:
3690:
3683:
3676:
3669:
3668:
3667:
3660:
3646:
3645:
3644:
3630:
3623:
3616:
3608:
3606:
3602:
3601:
3599:
3598:
3591:
3584:
3583:
3582:
3575:
3568:
3561:
3554:
3547:
3533:
3526:
3525:
3524:
3510:
3503:
3502:
3501:
3498:Linkage policy
3487:
3486:
3485:
3482:Vietnamization
3478:
3469:
3462:
3448:
3445:Nixon Doctrine
3441:
3433:
3431:
3429:Foreign policy
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953:neutralizers,
952:
949:
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943:
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934:
931:
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729:biopesticides
726:
722:
719:
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709:
705:
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703:
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694:
685:
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675:
672:
669:
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664:
662:Severability
661:
658:
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631:
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245:
242:
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229:
222:
220:
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214:
210:
206:
202:
193:
187:
182:
175:
172:by President
171:
168:
167:
164:
159:
156:§ 136 et seq.
155:
151:
148:
145:
141:
138:
135:
131:
126:
123:
119:
115:
113:
107:
104:
97:
92:
88:
83:
80:June 25, 1947
79:
75:
72:
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60:
55:
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43:
39:
34:
19:
4361:
4352:
4304:
4282:Enemies List
4101:
3736:War on drugs
3232:
3192:
3065:Citizen suit
3053:and concepts
2976:
2950:
2767:
2716:
2566:
2558:
2536:
2528:
2520:
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2488:
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2168:
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2106:
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1935:
1736:. Retrieved
1708:the original
1661:
1649:. Retrieved
1615:. Retrieved
1610:
1601:
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1576:
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1559:
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1530:
1524:
1512:. Retrieved
1499:
1474:
1449:
1436:
1428:
1395:. Retrieved
1391:the original
1363:. Retrieved
1333:. Retrieved
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1324:
1279:. Retrieved
1272:the original
1211:. Retrieved
1207:
1081:
1064:
1056:
1047:
1038:
1029:
986:
982:
975:
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941:emulsifiers,
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850:
838:
826:
810:
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742:
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692:
689:
681:
453:Indemnities
308:Definitions
275:
274:
266:
248:
246:
241:World War II
234:
204:
200:
198:
169:
128:Codification
57:(colloquial)
4331:Resignation
3851:Nixon shock
3452:Vietnam War
3381:Wilson desk
3277:(1969–1974)
3227:‹ The
3050:Regulations
1924:Regulations
1208:www.epa.gov
1116:Paris Green
972:Enforcement
947:penetrants,
935:synergists,
686:Regulations
676:Section 35
665:Section 34
654:Section 33
643:Section 32
632:Section 31
621:Section 30
610:Section 29
599:Section 28
588:Section 27
577:Section 26
566:Section 25
555:Section 24
544:Section 23
533:Section 22
522:Section 21
511:Section 20
500:Section 19
489:Section 18
478:Section 17
467:Section 16
456:Section 15
445:Section 14
434:Section 13
423:Section 12
412:Section 11
401:Section 10
4380:Categories
3293:Transition
2619:Refuse Act
1137:References
708:pesticides
442:Penalties
390:Section 9
379:Section 8
368:Section 7
357:Section 6
346:Section 5
333:Section 4
322:Section 3
311:Section 2
300:Section 1
90:Public law
45:Long title
4222:Watergate
2632:Weeks Act
2626:Lacey Act
2594:decisions
2590:treaties,
2084:decisions
1776:from the
1763:from the
1213:3 October
1121:Pesticide
874:Adjuvants
284:7 U.S.C.
209:pesticide
85:Citations
77:Effective
4231:Timeline
3664:Title IX
3284:Timeline
3229:template
3117:LDV Rule
1975:Programs
1903:Agencies
1617:31 March
1514:20 April
1421:Archived
1397:12 March
1365:12 March
1335:12 March
1331:(2): 623
1100:See also
150:7 U.S.C.
116:61
54:Acronyms
3537:Détente
3231:below (
2757:(1972)
2615:(1899)
1878:History
1791:details
1738:1 April
1651:1 April
1481:Pub. L.
1456:Pub. L.
1281:8 March
1155:Pub. L.
693:forbids
648:136w-8
637:136w-7
626:136w-6
615:136w-5
604:136w-4
593:136w-3
582:136w-2
571:136w-1
327:136a-1
223:History
95:Pub. L.
4338:Pardon
4309:(1974)
4049:policy
3202:(2010)
3119:(2010)
3113:(2022)
3107:(2007)
2993:(2022)
2987:(2022)
2973:(2021)
2967:(2018)
2961:(2016)
2947:(2007)
2941:(2005)
2935:(1996)
2924:(1990)
2918:(1990)
2912:(1990)
2906:(1986)
2900:(1986)
2894:(1980)
2888:(1978)
2882:(1977)
2876:(1976)
2870:(1976)
2864:(1976)
2858:(1975)
2852:(1975)
2794:(1973)
2788:(1973)
2782:(1972)
2776:(1972)
2770:(1972)
2745:(1970)
2739:(1970)
2733:(1969)
2727:(1965)
2700:(1961)
2694:(1956)
2688:(1955)
2682:(1954)
2676:(1934)
2670:(1928)
2664:(1924)
2658:(1924)
2652:(1918)
2646:(1913)
2640:(1911)
2634:(1911)
2628:(1900)
2609:(1897)
2603:(1872)
2571:(2021)
2563:(1998)
2550:CERCLA
2541:(2023)
2533:(2020)
2525:(2018)
2517:(2016)
2509:(2013)
2501:(2012)
2493:(2009)
2485:(2009)
2477:(2007)
2469:(2006)
2461:(2006)
2453:(2004)
2445:(2001)
2437:(1985)
2415:(2021)
2407:(2018)
2399:(2007)
2391:(1995)
2383:(1992)
2375:(1978)
2353:(2012)
2345:(1978)
2323:(2022)
2315:(2021)
2307:(2015)
2299:(2014)
2291:(2011)
2283:(2007)
2275:(2007)
2267:(2004)
2259:(2004)
2251:(2001)
2243:(1984)
2235:(1975)
2213:(2010)
2205:(2008)
2197:(2004)
2189:(2004)
2181:(1983)
2173:(1983)
2165:(1973)
2143:(2021)
2135:(2000)
2127:(1990)
2119:(1979)
2111:(1978)
2103:(1972)
2095:(1920)
1591:22 May
1566:22 May
1537:
1487:
1462:
1163:92–516
1161:
739:users.
697:outlaw
290:FIFRA
144:U.S.C.
120:
103:80–104
101:
2583:Major
2552:cases
2426:cases
2364:cases
2334:cases
2224:cases
2154:cases
1732:(PDF)
1711:(PDF)
1704:(PDF)
1585:(PDF)
1508:(PDF)
1492:(PDF)
1467:(PDF)
1360:(PDF)
1275:(PDF)
1268:(PDF)
699:any.
670:136y
659:136x
560:136w
549:136v
538:136u
527:136t
516:136s
505:136r
494:136q
483:136p
472:136o
461:136n
450:136m
439:136l
428:136k
417:136j
406:136i
395:136h
384:136g
373:136f
362:136e
351:136d
338:136c
316:136a
205:FIFRA
154:ch. 6
152:
118:Stat.
61:FIFRA
18:FIFRA
2844:2007
2840:2000
2836:1999
2832:1996
2828:1992
2824:1990
2820:1988
2816:1986
2812:1976
2808:1974
2332:RCRA
2152:NEPA
1740:2012
1653:2012
1619:2012
1593:2016
1568:2016
1535:ISBN
1516:2012
1399:2012
1367:2012
1337:2012
1283:2012
1215:2022
1057:The
860:Fees
305:136
235:The
199:The
69:the
4261:CRP
2424:CWA
2362:ESA
2222:CAA
1795:GPO
1787:PDF
1765:LII
122:163
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