1002:
536:
407:
43:
428:
950:
April, when 12 enemy aircraft bombed and machine-gunned
Eastbourne from the landward side, the Bofors gunners' predictors and range-finders were useless. Only firing with 'open sights' as with the 20 mm and LMGs was effective. The Bofors guns were equipped with auto-loading devices to increase their rate of fire, and gunshields to protect the crews. Further RAF and Canadian LAA gunners 'thickened up' the defences in the regimental area.
76:
1025:. These small, fast-moving targets flying at 2–3000 feet were essentially LAA targets, but the early results against them were poor, even with LAA guns interspersed with the searchlight belt where S/L Control (SLC or 'Elsie') radar could guide the guns. The Diver belt was therefore redeployed with emphasis on HAA and LAA guns firing out to sea as the V-1s approached land. 71 AA Brigade, including 131 LAA Rgt formed part of this belt.
305:. Shortly afterwards, the men of the TF were invited to volunteer for Overseas Service and WO instructions were issued to form those men who had only signed up for Home Service into reserve or 2nd Line units. The titles of these 2nd Line units were the same as the original, but distinguished by a '2/' prefix. They absorbed most of the recruits that flooded in, and in many cases themselves went on active service later.
520:. In the new year, 509 Bty formed a Training Troop, which continued training the recruits under the supervision of the experienced 482 Bty. At this time, the S/Ls were deployed in clusters following a 'master light' (ideally equipped with S/L Control (SLC or 'Elsie') radar), while single lights were provided for homing beacons at airfields or for anti-minelaying duties at harbours such as Falmouth,
969:') alongside Bofors guns were carried out. In July a Gun Operations Room (GOR) was established at Bexhill to co-ordinate early warnings, and Lt-Col Bennie of 131 LAA Rgt was appointed AA Defence Commander (AADC) for the Bexhill–Dungeness Gun Defence Area. However, the increasing casualties inflicted on raiders in May and June led the
414:
During World War I, the electric light companies of the fortress engineers, which operated searchlights primarily to assist the coastal defence guns, had increasingly used the lights for anti-aircraft (AA) defence. During the 1930s, the threat of aerial bombing was taken seriously, and large numbers
949:
Peak strength in LAA defences against the hit-and-run attacks was reached in March 1943, and the success rate began to rise that month. On 11 March a force of 20 aircraft attacked
Hastings, of which four were shot down (Category I hits) and one damaged (Cat III) by the massed LAA defences. But on 3
657:
After training, 131st LAA Rgt joined the roster for deployment overseas at a defended port. Since the establishment for this role was only three batteries, the intention was that one of its existing batteries would become an independent unit. However, the regiment remained with AA Command and never
1098:
was suffering a severe manpower shortage, and at the end of
January the regiment had to send 64 NCOs and men to infantry training regiments, receiving 64 infantrymen of lower medical category in exchange. V-1 attacks declined after January, but the regiment witnessed continuous V2 activity during
594:
to prepare for conversion. The establishment of an LAA Rgt was lower than that of a S/L Rgt, so the tradesmen were transferred to other S/L Regts in 6th AA Division, 200 surplus men were drafted to other S/L regiments that were under-strength and another 100 sent to the AA Driver
Training Rgt at
976:
The regiment remained in its positions through the remainder of 1943 and into 1944. Some men were posted away to mobile units and replaced by men of lower medical category, while a larger number of men considered untrainable in LAA duties were posted away and replaced by male personnel from
308:
This process was carried out with the
Cornwall Fortress Engineers, resulting in six companies. Once it was clear that the threat to Britain's coastal defences was small, six of the fortress engineer units organised their 1st Line as 'Army Troops' companies for service on the
889:
Raids continued at intervals during the winter, with the gun sites reporting a few successes, and several near misses from bombs. At various times the regiment was reinforced by troops and batteries from the neighbouring 19 LAA Rgt (60, 104 and 290 AA Btys) and
957:, the regiment remained on the South Coast throughout this period, reverting from 5 AA Bde to 71 AA Bde's command on 1 May. When 71 S/L Rgt was disbanded, some of its personnel were drafted to 131 LAA Rgt as reinforcements, their twin Vickers K and triple
558:
No 2) was sufficient to allow AA Command's S/L sites to be 'declustered' into single-light sites spaced at 6000-yard intervals in 'Indicator Belts' along the coast and 'Killer Belts' co-operating with night-fighters. 81st S/L Regiment moved its HQ to
435:
As the international situation deteriorated, the TA was ordered to mobilise on 22 August 1939, and the company draw its equipment from store and began to take up its war stations. Company HQ was moved to the D&C (F) RE HQ at Mutley
Barracks,
906:(8 twins each at Hastings, St Leonards, Bexhill and Eastbourne) under command of 131 LAA Rgt, followed by reinforcements of the same regiment's 462 S/L Bty later in the month. 131 LAA Regiment was also reinforced by six flights of the
1138:, who had commanded the regiment since the formation of 81 S/L Rgt in November 1940, left in March 1945 to command 625 Rgt RA (an infantry battalion formed from 95 LAA Rgt) in NW Europe, and was replaced by Lt-Col T.W.D. Hackett,
1223:
size in 1969, and although they were expanded again in 1971, the
Falmouth unit only formed a detachment of C (Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry) Company in 6th Battalion, The Light Infantry (Volunteers), based at Camborne.
490:
1149:, the state of readiness was maintained on the regiment's gun positions until ordered to stand down by 9 AA Group on 20 May. 432 Bty (the original Cornwall and Devon Fortress RE) became an independent battery in
300:
On the outbreak of war in August 1914, the fortress engineers moved to their war stations in the coastal defences, the
Cornwall Fortress Engineers coming under the command of South Western Coast Defences HQ at
1254:
767:
s 'hit-and-run' attacks raids by small formations of low-lying fighter-bombers along the South Coast, and there was a requirement for increased LAA cover. Three days later, the regiment was deployed under
2294:
899:
2098:
History of the Great War: Order of Battle of
Divisions, Part 2b: The 2nd-Line Territorial Force Divisions (57th–69th), with the Home-Service Divisions (71st–73rd) and 74th and 75th Divisions,
2284:
2040:
993:), and most of AA Command's regiments lost one of their four batteries. In the case of 131st LAA Rgt, it was 435 Bty that left on 17 February, to be disbanded at St Leonards on 16 March.
289:
474:
was expanding rapidly to meet the threat, and new intakes of recruits arrived in
Plymouth to form the 509th S/L Battery on 15 September. On 1 November, the two batteries formed the new
2008:
2022:
486:. As German night bombing increased, 55th AA Bde was responsible for AA defence of Plymouth, Devonport and the vital naval dockyards as well as smaller ports like Falmouth.
2299:
919:
574:
to conduct dazzle experiments. (Although enemy aircraft were occasionally brought down after being dazzled by S/Ls, it was not particularly effective as a tactic.)
961:
being positioned at 131 LAA's regimental, battery and troop HQs to be manned by HQ personnel if required. No. 2872 Squadron RAF Regiment arrived in June with twin
2289:
1150:
894:(F Trp). When 19 LAA Rgt departed for mobile training at the end of February 1943, 60 Bty was replaced under 131 LAA Rgt's operational control by 230 Bty from
973:
to give up these attacks. Throughout the 'hit and run' campaign, Hastings and Eastbourne had been two of the three most heavily attacked towns in England.
736:
728:
667:
591:
483:
875:
659:
582:
On 7 December 1941, it was announced that 81st S/L Rgt had been selected for conversion to the Light Anti-Aircraft (LAA) gun role. The regiment moved to
502:
1099:
February, and there was a final flare-up of long-range V-1s launched from North Holland in March. The regiment continued to man guns at Vital Points at
172:, then, as a light anti-aircraft gun unit, it served in the most heavily attacked part of the South Coast of England throughout 1942–44, including the
1601:
1250:
587:
314:
1056:
1059:, previously controlling the London Inner Artillery Zone, established a 'Diver Box' covering the estuary and 131 LAA Rgt left 71 AA Bde and joined
2304:
923:
851:
bombers at medium altitude were easier targets and 434 Bty claimed its first Ju 88 shot down on 20 October – but were told that it was a friendly
1431:
1188:' units used searchlights to illuminate ground operations at night. The battery converted back to the Royal Engineers in 1956, amalgamating into
2037:
1546:
1409:
918:
were positioned round the vulnerable towns. In March 131 LAA Rgt's defences around Pevensey and Hastings were further increased by 320 Bty of
1200:
989:. However, by early 1944, AA Command was being forced to release manpower for service overseas, including the planned invasion of Normandy (
2055:
1185:
208:
in Cornwall. However, the proposed unit was soon abandoned: no officers were ever commissioned into it, and its title disappeared from the
1719:
Order of Battle of Non-Field Force Units in the United Kingdom, Part 27: AA Command, 2 December 1941, with amendments, TNA file WO 212/80.
1212:
1120:
1033:
978:
939:
895:
832:
2254:
2197:
1189:
1029:
790:
740:
1287:
732:
663:
2212:
2176:
2161:
2139:
2124:
2105:
1086:. A gun site was damaged by another V2 near miss, and the guns still occasionally engaged V-1s flying over the area towards London.
392:
79:
2019:
1752:
1060:
863:
769:
441:
395:(TA) in 1920, consisting of a single company based at the RE Barracks in Falmouth. It formed part of the Coast Defence troops in
2226:
Keith Brigstock 'Royal Artillery Searchlights', presentation to Royal Artillery Historical Society at Larkhill, 17 January 2007.
1001:
843:
fighter-bombers coming in low over the coast, often in poor visibility, to drop their bombs or fire their cannons on the towns.
563:
and spent the autumn testing its sites for their suitability to mount SLC radar. The redeployment was completed by mid-October.
535:
965:
to replace the Beaverettes and came under 131 LAA Rgt's operational control, and trials on siting 2-inch AA rocket launchers ('
744:
396:
193:
1240:
Another source suggests that 575 was a Hampshire Company and that 573 was formed from either 1/3rd or 2/2nd Cornwall Works Co.
1067:
760:
2235:
1017:
against London by day and night. The stream of V-1s, codenamed 'Divers' flew through 2 AA Group's area between Newhaven and
501:, where on 14 November they formed the basis of a new 538 S/L Bty. This battery later joined another newly formed regiment,
2067:
222:
In 1891 it was decided by the War Office that Falmouth would be better served by the Militia, so the unit was converted to
1208:
1808:
Order of Battle of Non-Field Force Units in the United Kingdom, Part 27: AA Command, 1 October 1942, TNA file WO 212/82.
1095:
376:
368:
322:
1817:
Order of Battle of Non-Field Force Units in the United Kingdom, Part 27: AA Command, 13 March 1943, TNA file WO 212/83.
406:
1131:
739:. The batteries were still operating AA light machine guns (LMGs), but when 434 Bty took over sites from 294 LAA Bty (
157:
113:
1799:
Order of Battle of Non-Field Force Units in the United Kingdom, Part 27: AA Command, 14 May 1942, TNA file WO 212/81.
2230:
1456:
415:
of dedicated AA searchlight units were created in the TA. The Falmouth company of the D&C (F) RE was designated
2225:
1687:
962:
658:
went overseas. By now, 29th AA Bde had been disbanded, so when the regiment returned to 6th AA Division it joined
547:, and on 5 May was joined by the newly formed 545 and 555 S/L Btys from 230th and 231st S/L Training Regiments at
1630:
1616:
1074:, while 1 AA Group concentrated on the estuary. In January 1945, RHQ of 131 LAA Rgt moved across the Thames from
482:, under the command of under Lt-Col H.D. Bennie. At the same time, 55th AA Bde came under the command of the new
1204:
942:, was trained by 131 LAA Rgt to operate extra Bofors guns against the fleeting targets of opportunity that the
891:
858:
The regiment's positions and commands were regularly shuffled in efforts to meet the threats: 435 Bty moved to
400:
364:
2147:
Sussex Sappers: A History of the Sussex Volunteer and Territorial Army Royal Engineer Units from 1890 to 1967
839:
The gunners soon found that it was difficult to traverse their guns quickly enough to engage the fast-moving
626:
to learn the basics of LAA work before attending a training regiment. 555 Bty stayed at Clacton, training at
543:
In April 1941, the regiment was redeployed from Cornwall to North Devon, with RHQ at the Glenhaven Hotel in
763:
on the South Coast of England, where the AA defences of Southern England were being severely tested by the
363:
Of these, 573rd, 574th and 575th Companies are known to have served with the BEF in France. 573rd was with
1135:
748:
688:
633:
On 15 March, the regiment was officially converted into 131st LAA Rgt RA with the following organisation:
372:
310:
232:
had been disbanded since January 1906 and what the establishment of each unit was as at January 1907. The
1172:
432 Bty was briefly regimented with 148 LAA Rgt in August 1945 before passing into suspended animation.
935:
903:
798:
471:
1249:
545 S/L Battery had been formed on 16 January 1941 around a cadre of experienced officers and men from
551:, but no equipment arrived for them until July and communications to the remote S/L sites were tricky.
1435:
1161:. 433 and 434 Btys began to disband in August, and RHQ 131 LAA Regiment officially ceased to exist at
317:. The 1/3rd Cornwall Army Troops Company embarked for France on 19 January 1915 and after arriving at
931:
867:
828:
802:
615:
555:
463:
saw the start of day and night air raids on Plymouth and the searchlights were frequently in action.
2117:
History of the Royal Regiment of Artillery: The Years of Defeat: Europe and North Africa, 1939–1941
1184:
was reformed at Plymouth from 432nd LAA Battery of the former 131 LAA Regiment. Movement light or '
302:
42:
17:
990:
777:
358:
amalgamation of No 1 (Falmouth) Electric Lights Company and 2/1 (Reserve) Electric Lights Company
205:
101:
1354:
2208:
2193:
2172:
2157:
2135:
2120:
2101:
840:
706:
560:
460:
292:
and No 18 Company of the RE Coast Battalion. No 2 (Works) Company at Fowey maintained a band.
245:
165:
119:
1343:
1332:
1220:
1100:
720:
710:
521:
494:
282:
197:
2112:
2044:
2026:
1040:
1022:
1014:
915:
681:
619:
452:
427:
328:
When the TF companies of the RE received numbers in February 1917, they were assigned as:
253:
249:
177:
173:
149:
133:
75:
727:
During May, the regiment's command structure was widely distributed, 434 Bty came under
1139:
1044:
1018:
848:
794:
583:
548:
506:
444:, which was in the process of formation. Soon afterwards, the company was redesignated
1922:
610:
and three of the batteries took over vacant LAA gun positions at the RAF airfields at
2278:
1203:, the former Duke of Cornwall's Artillery at Falmouth. From 1961, it was included in
1043:
overran the V-1 launching sites in northern France. The emphasis then shifted to the
883:
859:
844:
675:
623:
603:
479:
1288:"Disbanding of Royal Engineers (Militia) Submarine Miners. (Hansard, 17 April 1907)"
1219:. However, the restoration was short-lived, because the TAVR units were reduced to
1082:
under 9 AA Group, the move having been delayed by damage to the new HQ caused by a
1036:
was deployed to Hawkinge, just inland from the coast, and attached to 131 LAA Rgt.
907:
692:
571:
129:
1881:
Order of Battle of AA Command, 1 August 1943, with amendments, TNA file WO 212/84.
2071:
1158:
1116:
1071:
852:
820:
702:
567:
380:
261:
161:
2100:
London: HM Stationery Office, 1937/Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2007,
759:
On 2 October, orders were received from 51st AA Bde to move rapidly by rail to
1162:
1154:
1124:
1083:
986:
911:
871:
813:
637:
482 (Devon & Cornwall Fortress Engineers) S/L Bty redesignated 432 LAA Bty
611:
607:
288:
The HQ and No 1 Company shared the Drill Shed on The Bar in Falmouth with the
219:
reappeared, this time with Officers having been commissioned on 23 June 1888.
189:
566:
Further adjustments came in November, when 555 Bty deployed lights to defend
1166:
1104:
1075:
1052:
966:
958:
824:
596:
529:
516:
For some months, 81st S/L Rgt regiment shuttled its HQ between Falmouth and
256:
was raised to maintain the defences of the Cornish seaports. Designated the
169:
123:
2167:
Maj O.M. Short, Maj H. Sherlock, Capt L.E.C.M. Perowne and Lt M.A. Fraser,
2154:
History of the Royal Regiment of Artillery: Anti-Aircraft Artillery 1914–55
914:
armoured cars, and later other flights with 20 mm guns. Anti-Aircraft
403:
to form the Devonshire and Cornwall (Fortress) Engineers (D&C (F) RE).
985:
crossed SE England to carry out 11 night raids on London in the so-called
228:
In April 1907, the Secretary of State for War was asked what units of the
1108:
927:
809:
783:
716:
698:
651:
544:
525:
437:
153:
2169:
The History of the Tyne Electrical Engineers, Royal Engineers, 1884–1933
2009:
British Army units from 1945 on – Regiments TA 80 to 117 (archive page).
455:(RA). On 18 June, the company was informed that its new title was to be
2183:
Titles and Designations of Formations and Units of the Territorial Army
1112:
954:
627:
498:
318:
2249:
2119:, Woolwich: Royal Artillery Institution, 1988/London: Brasseys, 1996,
1365:
1182:
856th Movement Light Battery (Devon & Cornwall Fortress Engineers)
1146:
1079:
751:. Only in September did a trickle of new Bofors guns begin arriving.
650:
The batteries then proceeded to 212th and 233rd LAA Training Rgts at
510:
1969:
Order of Battle of AA Command, 15 November 1945, TNA file WO 212/86.
410:
90 cm Projector Anti-Aircraft, displayed at Fort Nelson, Portsmouth.
1010:
1000:
879:
534:
517:
426:
405:
275:
200:
being installed to defend British seaports. One such unit was the
2259:
1904:
Order of Battle of AA Command, 27 April 1944, TNA file WO 212/85.
1021:, and the AA resources in SE England were strongly reinforced in
874:, while RHQ, 432 and 433 Btys came under operational command of
202:
Falmouth Division, Royal Engineers (Volunteers) Submarine Miners
2264:
2190:
The Corps of Royal Engineers: Organization and Units 1889–2018
497:
of experienced officers and NCOs to 232nd S/L Training Rgt at
451:
During 1940, all of the RE's AA units were transferred to the
224:
Falmouth Division, Royal Engineers (Militia) Submarine Miners.
2269:
1070:
was formed in November 1944 to take over 'Diver' defences in
1039:
All these units were heavily engaged until the autumn, when
2149:, Seaford: 208th Field Co, RE/Christians–W.J. Offord, 1972.
1028:
In August 1944, as part of the redistribution of LAA guns,
662:, then after a period as an unbrigaded regiment, it joined
878:. At the beginning of December, 71 AA Bde sent 434 Bty to
2244:
1215:(Territorials) at Falmouth, with the old title restored:
953:
Apart from battery training at No 8 LAA Practice Camp at
886:, B Trp the radar station, and C Trp the coast defences.
192:(WO) began organising units of 'submarine miners' in the
152:
formed in 1908. It helped to defend the coastal towns of
1211:
in 1967, the unit was reconstituted as a company of the
1157:. There it was progressively wound down as the men were
2156:, London: Royal Artillery Institution/Brassey's, 1994,
260:, it had the following organisation by the outbreak of
1153:, while the rest of 131 LAA Rgt moved from Tilbury to
1005:
Bofors guns at a South Coast LAA battery, August 1944.
743:) in June, some of them were equipped with 40 mm
290:
Cornwall (Duke of Cornwall's) Royal Garrison Artillery
457:
482nd (Cornwall) Independent Searchlight Battery, RA
446:
482nd (Devon & Cornwall) Searchlight Company, RE
2295:
Military units and formations in Falmouth, Cornwall
1728:
29 AA Brigade War Diary 1942, TNA file WO 166/7386.
1707:
29 AA Brigade War Diary 1941, TNA file WO 166/2251.
1587:
81 S/L Rgt War Diary 1940–41, TNA file WO 166/3101.
107:
97:
85:
70:
62:
52:
31:
1951:131 LAA Rgt War Diary 1945, TNA file WO 166/16784.
1842:131 LAA Rgt War Diary 1943, TNA file WO 166/11749.
1192:, derived from the Devonshire Fortress Engineers.
2285:Military units and formations established in 1908
1860:93 LAA Rgt War Diary 1943, TNA file WO 166/11720.
1790:131 LAA Rgt War Diary 1942, TNA file WO 166/7717.
1253:, and 555 on 13 February with a cadre drawn from
1995:
1993:
1851:93 LAA Rgt War Diary 1942, TNA file WO 166/7681.
1768:81 S/L Rgt War Diary 1942, TNA file WO 166/7827.
2134:, Vol II, Wakefield: Microform Academic, 1984,
1738:
1736:
1734:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1555:
654:, Cheshire, for re-training in their new role.
1432:"Discussion of RE TF units at Great War Forum"
1201:409 (Cornwall) Coast Regiment, Royal Artillery
1195:A new RE unit was formed in Cornwall in 1956,
2132:Lineage Book of British Land Forces 1660–1978
922:, which had been borrowed by AA Command from
554:By September, the availability of SLC radar (
164:, it served as a searchlight unit during the
8:
1683:
1681:
1679:
1499:
1497:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1051:began launching V-1s from aircraft over the
981:. Between 21 January and 14 March 1944, the
797:with 4 x Bofors and 12 x 20 mm (either
528:. Each site was supplied with three or four
2188:Graham E. Watson & Richard A. Rinaldi,
2171:, 1933/Uckfield: Naval & Military, nd,
2020:337–575 TA Sqns RE at British Army 1945 on.
602:On 12 January 1942, Regimental HQ moved to
2038:80–177 TA Rgts RE at British Army 1945 on.
1900:
1898:
1896:
1868:
1866:
1715:
1713:
1660:
1658:
1602:8 AA Division at British Military History.
1545:482 (D&C) S/L Bty war diary, 1939–40,
1205:116 (Devon and Cornwall) Engineer Regiment
1127:under operational command of 131 LAA Rgt.
934:. In addition, the local heavy AA unit at
747:, while 433 Bty went to be trained on the
459:. The following month, the opening of the
271:No 1 (Electric Lights) Company at Falmouth
230:Royal Engineers (Militia) Submarine Miners
160:. Converted to an air defence role before
41:
2300:Military units and formations in Cornwall
1764:
1762:
1197:409 (Cornwall) Independent Field Squadron
375:in November 1918. 574th was serving with
1511:
1509:
789:433 Bty less B Trp plus C Trp, 104 Bty,
1947:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1939:
1838:
1836:
1834:
1832:
1786:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1611:
1609:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1457:RE Museum list of WWI unit war diaries.
1270:
1233:
1217:B Company (Cornwall Fortress Engineers)
1180:When the TA was reconstituted in 1947,
882:where it deployed A Troop to cover the
831:(shortly afterwards joined by 464 Bty,
491:483 (Dorset Fortress Engineers) S/L Bty
338:574th (Cornwall) Army Troops Company –
332:573rd (Cornwall) Army Troops Company –
156:and sent engineer units to work on the
2205:Royal Engineers (Volunteers) 1859–1908
2185:, London: War Office, 7 November 1927.
1597:
1595:
1593:
578:131st Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, RA
539:150 cm Searchlight with AA Radar No 2.
36:131st Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, RA
28:
2290:Fortress units of the Royal Engineers
1541:
1539:
1537:
1399:Watson & Rinaldi, pp. 63–4, 68–9.
1207:. When the TA was converted into the
1199:, but this was created by converting
399:. Later, it was amalgamated with the
391:The unit was reformed in the renamed
7:
1933:Routledge, p. 417; Maps 38 & 39.
1255:31st (City of London Rifles) S/L Rgt
1094:By now, 21st Army Group fighting in
646:555 S/L Bty redesignated 435 LAA Bty
643:545 S/L Bty redesignated 434 LAA Bty
640:509 S/L Bty redesignated 433 LAA Bty
379:at the Armistice. All TF units were
356:608th (Falmouth) Fortress Company –
340:formerly No 3 (Penryn) Works Company
148:, was a volunteer unit of Britain's
1355:Falmouth at The Drill Hall Project.
926:in December and positioned between
898:. Early that month, 463 S/L Bty of
819:435 Bty with 4 x Bofors at each of
334:formerly No 2 (Fowey) Works Company
47:RE Cap badge (King George V cipher)
1923:LAA (Diver) Bty DIM3 at Pastscape.
570:, while 509 and 545 Btys moved to
281:No 3 (Works) Company at Bow Hill,
25:
18:Falmouth Division Submarine Miners
2265:Historic England's Pastscape site
1467:Watson & Ri8naldi, pp. 20–21.
1344:Penryn at The Drill Hall Project.
1213:Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry
431:Cap Badge of the Royal Artillery.
350:576th (Cornwall) Works Company –
344:575th (Cornwall) Works Company –
258:Cornwall Fortress Royal Engineers
146:Cornwall Fortress Royal Engineers
32:Cornwall Fortress Royal Engineers
2207:, Wembley: R.A. Westlake, 1983,
1664:Farndale, Annex M, pp. 338, 342.
1547:The National Archives (TNA), Kew
1410:The National Archives (TNA), Kew
1333:Fowey at The Drill Hall Project.
1063:in this box by 16 October 1944.
735:, and 432 Bty to Carlisle under
74:
2231:British Army units from 1945 on
1913:Routledge, pp. 99, 399, 411–15.
1151:28 (Thames & Medway) AA Bde
2305:1908 establishments in England
1013:, the Germans began launching
782:432 Bty plus B Trp 433 Bty at
684:, with C Troop not operational
630:next to 16 LAA Practice Camp.
588:29th (East Anglian) AA Brigade
252:in 1908, a new TF unit of the
1:
2056:DCLI at British Army 1945 on.
1643:Routledge, Table LXV, p. 396.
1503:Watson & Rinaldi, p. 104.
476:81st Searchlight Regiment, RA
467:81st Searchlight Regiment, RA
401:Devonshire Fortress Engineers
397:43rd (Wessex) Divisional Area
236:was reported to have 83 men.
34:81st Searchlight Regiment, RA
2068:"The Light Infantry website"
1323:Watson & Rinaldi, p. 12.
691:, with A Trp detached to at
352:formerly 2/3rd Works Company
346:formerly 2/2nd Works Company
1631:"8 AA Division at RA 39–45"
1130:Lieutenant-Colonel Bennie,
946:fighter-bombers presented.
489:482 Battery, together with
440:, but took its orders from
315:British Expeditionary Force
2321:
2192:, Tiger Lily Books, 2018,
1652:Farndale, Annex D, p. 251.
1567:Frederick, pp. 860–2, 874.
484:8th Anti-Aircraft Division
442:55th Anti-Aircraft Brigade
1753:"131 LAA Rgt at RA 39–45"
1366:Internet Bandsman's site.
723:and C Trp not operational
40:
2245:Internet Bandsman's site
2238:The British Army in 1914
2043:10 February 2015 at the
1742:Frederick, pp. 806, 840.
1617:"81 S/L Rgt at RA 39–45"
274:No 2 (Works) Company at
248:(TF) was created by the
1489:Titles and designations
866:'s area, later back to
749:Vickers Mk VIII pom-pom
2250:The Drill Hall Project
1890:Routledge, pp. 409–10.
1006:
924:42nd Armoured Division
904:Vickers K machine guns
540:
432:
411:
373:Armistice with Germany
367:in June 1917 and with
311:Lines of Communication
2152:Brig N.W. Routledge,
1960:Routledge, pp. 418–9.
1872:Routledge, pp. 402–5.
1826:Routledge, pp. 400–4.
1408:'Embarkation Dates',
1004:
963:Browning machine guns
786:with 16 x Bofors guns
628:Butlin's Holiday Camp
538:
472:Anti-Aircraft Command
430:
409:
383:after the Armistice.
2025:4 March 2016 at the
1186:artificial moonlight
812:with 8 x Bofors and
586:in Essex and joined
1999:Frederick, p. 1031.
1438:on 22 December 2015
1385:Becke, Pt 2b, p. 6.
1169:, on 7 March 1946.
979:173 (Mixed) HAA Rgt
940:179 (Mixed) HAA Rgt
303:Devonport, Plymouth
127:'Hit and run raids'
2260:The Light Infantry
2145:Col L.F. Morling,
2130:J.B.M. Frederick,
2074:on 24 October 2021
1987:Litchfield, p. 48.
1978:Farndale, Annex M.
1698:Routledge, p. 399.
1190:571 Field Squadron
1119:, with 425 Bty of
1007:
991:Operation Overlord
892:7 Canadian LAA Rgt
816:with 4 x Bofors at
778:St Leonards-on-Sea
541:
433:
412:
215:In July 1888, the
102:Falmouth, Cornwall
1673:Routledge, p. 99.
1549:file WO 166/3323.
1516:Monthly Army List
1312:Monthly Army List
1292:api.parliament.uk
1096:North West Europe
841:Focke-Wulf Fw 190
561:Buckland Filleigh
461:Battle of Britain
417:No 4 (AA) Company
246:Territorial Force
240:Territorial Force
234:Falmouth Division
217:Falmouth Division
166:Battle of Britain
139:
138:
120:Battle of Britain
91:Field Engineering
16:(Redirected from
2312:
2084:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2070:. Archived from
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2058:
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1474:
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1434:. Archived from
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1422:
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1397:
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1278:
1277:Westlake, p. 15.
1275:
1258:
1247:
1241:
1238:
1101:Chatham Dockyard
1015:V-1 flying bombs
916:Barrage balloons
731:, 435 Bty under
721:Kyle of Lochalsh
719:, with A Trp at
701:, with A Trp at
616:Martlesham Heath
532:for AA defence.
393:Territorial Army
321:was assigned to
198:fixed minefields
80:Territorial Army
78:
45:
29:
21:
2320:
2319:
2315:
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2275:
2274:
2255:Great War Forum
2222:
2203:R.A. Westlake,
2198:978-171790180-4
2113:Martin Farndale
2096:Maj A.F. Becke,
2093:
2088:
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2075:
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2045:Wayback Machine
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1479:, January 1923.
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1421:Morling, p. 38.
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1092:
1041:21st Army Group
1023:Operation Diver
999:
997:Operation Diver
902:arrived to man
757:
737:7th AA Division
682:Wick, Caithness
668:3rd AA Division
599:in Lancashire.
592:6th AA Division
580:
469:
453:Royal Artillery
425:
389:
298:
254:Royal Engineers
250:Haldane Reforms
242:
212:in March 1888.
194:Volunteer Force
186:
178:Operation Diver
174:V-1 flying bomb
150:Royal Engineers
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134:Operation Diver
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910:equipped with
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712:
709:and C Trp at
708:
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676:Fort Augustus
673:
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670:in Scotland:
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188:In 1886, the
183:
181:
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171:
167:
163:
159:
158:Western Front
155:
151:
147:
141:Military unit
135:
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114:Western Front
110:
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55:
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30:
27:
19:
2237:
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2116:
2097:
2076:. Retrieved
2072:the original
2062:
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2015:
2004:
1983:
1974:
1965:
1956:
1929:
1918:
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1886:
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1463:
1452:
1440:. Retrieved
1436:the original
1426:
1417:
1404:
1381:
1372:
1361:
1350:
1339:
1328:
1319:
1311:
1307:
1295:. Retrieved
1291:
1282:
1273:
1245:
1236:
1216:
1196:
1194:
1181:
1179:
1171:
1144:
1129:
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1038:
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1008:
982:
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952:
948:
943:
908:RAF Regiment
888:
857:
838:
791:19th LAA Rgt
772:as follows:
764:
758:
741:95th LAA Rgt
726:
693:Kinlochleven
689:Fort William
656:
649:
632:
604:Boxted House
601:
581:
572:Westward Ho!
565:
553:
542:
515:
503:88th S/L Rgt
488:
475:
470:
456:
450:
445:
434:
423:World War II
416:
413:
390:
362:
357:
351:
345:
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327:
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243:
233:
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227:
223:
221:
216:
214:
209:
201:
187:
145:
143:
130:Little Blitz
26:
1251:1st S/L Rgt
1159:demobilised
1121:129 LAA Rgt
1117:Thameshaven
1072:East Anglia
1061:57th AA Bde
1034:144 LAA Rgt
1030:414 LAA Bty
1009:Soon after
967:Z Batteries
896:138 LAA Rgt
864:47th AA Bde
853:Beaufighter
833:140 LAA Rgt
808:434 Bty at
770:71st AA Bde
755:Hit and run
745:Bofors guns
733:51st AA Bde
729:52nd AA Bde
715:435 Bty at
705:, B Trp at
703:Lossiemouth
697:434 Bty at
687:433 Bty at
680:432 Bty at
664:51st AA Bde
620:North Weald
568:RAF St Eval
381:demobilised
377:Fourth Army
369:Second Army
323:Second Army
296:World War I
262:World War I
204:, based at
196:to man the
162:World War I
108:Engagements
98:Garrison/HQ
93:Air Defence
2279:Categories
2091:References
2078:20 October
1688:Brigstock.
1442:20 October
1163:West Derby
1155:Birmingham
1125:Chelmsford
1084:V-2 rocket
1068:9 AA Group
1057:1 AA Group
987:Baby Blitz
959:Lewis guns
920:93 LAA Rgt
912:Beaverette
900:71 S/L Rgt
876:5th AA Bde
872:Eastbourne
814:Folkestone
765:Luftwaffe'
761:2 AA Group
660:6th AA Bde
608:Colchester
530:Lewis guns
244:After the
190:War Office
176:campaign (
2270:RE Museum
1518:May 1939.
1477:Army List
1297:14 August
1228:Footnotes
1167:Liverpool
1105:Sheerness
1076:Gravesend
1053:North Sea
1049:Luftwaffe
983:Luftwaffe
971:Luftwaffe
944:Luftwaffe
829:Dungeness
825:Dymchurch
624:Wattisham
597:Fleetwood
278:Town Hall
210:Army List
124:The Blitz
2111:Gen Sir
2041:Archived
2023:Archived
1109:Purfleet
936:Newhaven
928:Brighton
810:Hawkinge
799:Oerlikon
784:Hastings
717:Loch Ewe
699:Spey Bay
556:AA Radar
545:Mortehoe
526:St Mawes
438:Plymouth
387:Interwar
206:Falmouth
154:Cornwall
1491:, 1927.
1376:Conrad.
1176:Postwar
1113:Tilbury
1047:as the
955:Watchet
932:Seaford
884:harbour
868:Friston
776:RHQ at
707:Kinloss
674:RHQ at
509:, near
507:Topsham
499:Devizes
371:by the
365:X Corps
319:Camiers
313:of the
63:Country
58:1967–69
56:1908–46
2211:
2196:
2175:
2160:
2138:
2123:
2104:
1529:et al.
1527:Short
1147:VE Day
1145:After
1080:Orsett
1066:A new
711:Foyers
666:under
612:Debden
522:Penryn
511:Exeter
283:Penryn
168:, the
71:Branch
53:Active
1265:Notes
1221:cadre
1032:from
1011:D-Day
880:Dover
821:Hythe
793:, at
606:near
518:Truro
495:cadre
276:Fowey
170:Blitz
117:WWII:
2209:ISBN
2194:ISBN
2173:ISBN
2158:ISBN
2136:ISBN
2121:ISBN
2102:ISBN
2080:2015
1444:2015
1299:2021
1209:TAVR
1115:and
930:and
870:and
847:and
827:and
622:and
524:and
144:The
111:WWI:
86:Role
1132:OBE
1123:at
1078:to
862:in
801:or
590:in
505:at
478:at
180:).
2281::
2115:,
1992:^
1938:^
1895:^
1865:^
1831:^
1773:^
1761:^
1733:^
1712:^
1678:^
1657:^
1608:^
1592:^
1572:^
1554:^
1536:^
1508:^
1496:^
1390:^
1290:.
1165:,
1142:.
1140:MC
1136:TD
1134:,
1111:,
1107:,
1103:,
1055:.
938:,
855:.
823:,
618:,
614:,
513:.
448:.
419:.
325:.
264::
2240:.
2215:.
2200:.
2179:.
2164:.
2142:.
2127:.
2108:.
2082:.
1755:.
1633:.
1619:.
1531:.
1446:.
1301:.
1257:.
835:)
805:)
20:)
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