124:
831:
859:
819:
796:
773:
19:
881:
309:
255:
274:
1603:
1611:
900:
234:
745:
757:
682:
392:
434:
293:
843:
407:
193:(unglazed pre-fired ware) with no underglaze blue, or over high-fired glaze, producing wares of different appearances. Wares with enamel painted on the biscuit usually have a solid-colour ground such as yellow, black or green, while those painted over the glaze may have a white ground. Occasionally both underglaze and overglaze blue may be seen in the same object. The firing to fuse the enamels was done at a relatively low temperature.
707:
intended for export, using white porcelain from
Jingdezhen. In contrast to the more refined 'court-taste' porcelain, export wares particularly those from the 19th century tend to be highly and brightly decorated. The decorative patterns used in these export wares may be referred to as Rose Canton,
384:
was once highly appreciated by western collectors, which led to high prices and many pieces were then counterfeited, with the result that a large proportion of those believed to be surviving examples are actually forgeries. The popularity of this type of porcelain has since declined.
830:
795:
772:
123:
858:
880:
656:
era, and decorations became more elaborate and crowded in the later
Qianlong period. The images may be painted on coloured grounds, including yellow, blue, pink, coral red, light green, 'cafe au lait' and brown. Black ground or
200:
are typically green, red, yellow, blue and aubergine (non-vivid purple). Black may also be used and occasionally gold. The blue colour is more violet or royal blue in tone, which is different in shade from the blue used in
391:
379:
porcelain in the 19th century. They may have a copper-green lead-based enamel painted over dry black cobalt ground on the biscuit, and a transparent green glaze was then applied, giving it a near-iridescent appearance.
818:
308:
744:
677:
in the mid-18th century. It remained popular throughout the 18th and 19th centuries and continued to be made in the 20th century. The quality of wares produced however declined after the
Qianlong period.
569:
period. The pink of the early pieces of the 1720s were darker in colours made with ruby-coloured glass, but after 1725 softer shades were achieved by mixing with white enamels. At the Palace workshops in
209:
is limited. The coloured enamels are often painted over the pure white body of the porcelain which comes over through the glaze. The colours may also be set off on black or yellow grounds (known as
254:
574:, experimentation was conducted to develop a range of enamel colours and techniques for applying the such enamels onto blank porcelain supplied by Jingdezhen, and the wares produced were called
273:
227:
which has a greater colour range. It continued to be made in small amounts in the subsequent periods, and its popularity revived in the West in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
545:" or "France"), or through adaptation of enamels used in tin-glazed South German earthenware. Research has failed to show that the chemical composition of the pink colour pigment on
1602:
899:
18:
494:, lit. 'enamel colours'), is a type of porcelain defined by the presence of pink colour overglaze enamel. The colour palette was introduced in China during the reign of
233:
1860:
1610:
506:
is named after its pink-coloured enamel, although it ranged from pale pink to deep ruby. Apart from pink, a range of other soft colour palettes were used in
1762:
1747:
652:
enamels allow for a greater range of colour and tone than was previously possible, enabling the depiction of more complex images, particularly during the
2201:
756:
2172:
699:
pieces, and some of the finest pieces were made there. However, from the late 18th century onwards, many pieces were decorated in the port city of
2207:
1772:
2064:
1480:
1230:
1992:
2270:
406:
2146:
1932:
1440:
578:. Court painters were employed to make drafts to decorate such wares, which produced a new aesthetic style of decoration on porcelain.
2136:
1914:
1277:
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1085:
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1004:
974:
842:
2168:
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947:
1295:"A study of ruby-pink enamels on Chinese porcelain: with a comparison of Chinese pink glass and European pink enamels of ceramics"
625:('soft colours') was also a term used in the Yongzheng era as the colours used are softer in contrast to the 'hard colours' (硬彩,
565:
have been found in
Chinese porcelain from the 1720s, although the technique was not fully developed until around 1730 during the
1950:
1938:
1635:
738:
palette used in
Chinese porcelain. Export of Chinese porcelain then declined due to competition from the European factories.
1998:
292:
1908:
1575:
2183:
2028:
1709:
2058:
2141:
681:
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1866:
89:(black) may have been introduced later by dealers or collectors and they are generally considered subcategories of
2231:
1848:
1640:
727:
400:
vase, probably Kangxi reign, Jingdezhen. Porcelain painted in polychrome enamels on the biscuit and on the glaze.
1475:
782:
110:
1252:
Chinese pottery and porcelain: an account of the potter's art in China from primitive times to the present day
433:
223:
wares were popular for several decades until the 1720s after the reign of Kangxi when it became supplanted by
582:
decorations may be painted on a white ground, or on a coloured ground with yellow being the most popular. As
1433:
714:
enamels were known to have been used in Europe before its usage became established in China, for example in
1986:
1956:
1732:
1545:
750:
Auspicious bats and peaches on a dish, a popular subject in the
Chinese taste. Yongzheng reign (1723–1735)
674:
665:
ware, but they are not highly regarded. Many produced in the
Qianlong period were on eggshell porcelain.
1926:
1872:
1854:
1806:
1250:
886:
314:
2034:
2177:
2131:
2100:
2090:
2085:
1878:
1539:
801:
554:
139:
106:
27:
617:
wares produced for imperial use, but differences may be detected in the chemical composition of the
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1842:
1830:
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1314:
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190:
44:
31:
1384:
1267:
939:
Chinese
Ceramics in the Collection of the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam: The Ming and Qing Dynasties
937:
641:
is the more modern term used by Chen Liu (陈浏) in the early 20th century and it then replaced
514:. The gradation of colours was produced by mixing coloured enamels with 'glassy white' (玻璃白,
2022:
1980:
1962:
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522:
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2010:
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1800:
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343:
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Collectors, Collections and
Museums: The Field of Chinese Ceramics in Britain, 1560-1960
375:
wares were made in the Kangxi era, although some clobbered wares had the black added to
2213:
2105:
1974:
1667:
1551:
1332:
1101:
586:
was produced at the palace for its exclusive use, there are relatively fewer pieces of
157:
105:
porcelain was popular in the 18th and 19th century. Much of the
Chinese production was
98:
2259:
2016:
1777:
1503:
1485:
1318:
722:
porcelains were exported from China to the West, and many European factories such as
317:
55:
of its enamel palette. These wares were initially grouped under the French names of
2115:
1533:
1350:
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428:
202:
135:
67:
48:
1824:
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1726:
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1677:
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It is generally believed that the new colour palette in China was introduced by
178:
1310:
2095:
1657:
1413:
561:("foreign colours"), indicating its foreign origin or influence. Rudimentary
175:
1527:
1521:
1449:
906:
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182:
529:) to the Imperial court, initially on enamels used on metal wares such as
1944:
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165:
1294:
2195:
2040:
2004:
1509:
910:
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245:
549:
to be the same as that of the European one. However, the term used by
1080:(2nd Revised ed.). University of California Press. p. 248.
542:
495:
347:
299:
283:
264:
52:
936:
Jörg, C. J. A.; (Netherlands), Rijksmuseum; Campen, Jan van (1997).
1175:"Relationship between Falangcai, Yangcai, Fencai, and Famille rose"
836:
Rose Medallion plate with decorations that are divided into panels
680:
432:
368:
240:
170:
161:
122:
17:
605:
was used to refer to porcelain produced at Jingdezhen to imitate
601:
was also then made at the imperial kilns of Jingdezhen. The term
778:
1422:
1195:
A History of Chinese Science and Technology: Volume 2, Volume 2
498:(1654–1722), possibly around 1720, but perfected only in the
1609:
1601:
1418:
609:. Visually there is little difference in appearance between
73:(pink family) by Albert Jacquemart in 1862. The other terms
113:, but some of the finest were made for the Imperial court.
541:
meaning enamel may have originated from the word for the "
966:
The Grove Encyclopedia of Decorative Arts: Two-volume Set
718:
made by the Du Paquier factory in 1725. Large number of
1386:
Miller's Antiques Handbook & Price Guide 2020-2021
1372:. Wallace-Homestead Book Company. p. 42–46.
1023:
Understanding International Art Markets and Management
217:
respectively), and more rarely aubergine and green.
168:
with other overglaze colours. It developed from the
2160:
2124:
2078:
1787:
1755:
1746:
1719:
1702:
1695:
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1628:
1621:
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1463:
1456:
1222:徐氏藝術館: 清代: The Tsui Museum of Art: Chinese ceramics
205:porcelain. The ability to achieve colour gradation
437:Famille rose bowl, Imperial porcelain, Jingdezhen
1606:Ming plate 15th century Jingdezhen kilns Jiangxi
999:. Metropolitan Museum of Art. pp. 227–230.
1368:Mascarelli, Gloria; Mascarelli, Robert (1992).
988:
986:
1434:
489:
479:
465:
459:
449:
8:
1137:
1135:
1133:
553:(who oversaw the production of porcelain at
83:
75:
65:
57:
1244:
1242:
1148:. Metropolitan Museum of Art. p. 244.
1053:. Metropolitan Museum of Art. p. 236.
673:in popularity, and its production overtook
518:), an opaque white enamel (lead arsenate).
174:(五彩, "five colours") style, which combines
1752:
1699:
1625:
1460:
1441:
1427:
1419:
97:porcelain was produced mainly during the
1249:Hobson, R. L. (Robert Lockhart) (1915).
969:. Oxford University Press. p. 367.
1020:Iain Robertson, ed. (26 October 2005).
928:
876:
740:
387:
229:
43:are terms used in the West to classify
1773:Chinese porcelain in European painting
1169:
1167:
1165:
502:era when the finest pieces were made.
1481:Chinese influences on Islamic pottery
7:
804:soft paste porcelain flower holder,
1383:Miller, Judith (5 September 2019).
474:'pale colours' or 'soft colours'),
2137:Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus
708:Rose Mandarin and Rose Medallion.
14:
1582:Famille jaune, noire, rose, verte
1293:Mills, Paula; Kerr, Rose (2000).
1272:. Verlag Peter Lang. p. 39.
1255:. Funk and Wagnalls. p. 209.
471:
40:Famille jaune, noire, rose, verte
2196:Kuskovo State Museum of Ceramics
1614:Meissen hard porcelain vase 1735
898:
887:Saint-Cloud soft paste porcelain
879:
857:
841:
829:
817:
794:
771:
755:
743:
593:With the successful creation of
484:), lit. 'foreign colours'), and
405:
390:
307:
291:
272:
253:
232:
1142:Valenstein, Suzanne G. (1988).
1047:Valenstein, Suzanne G. (1988).
993:Valenstein, Suzanne G. (1988).
1145:A Handbook of Chinese Ceramics
1050:A Handbook of Chinese Ceramics
996:A Handbook of Chinese Ceramics
942:. Philip Wilson. p. 147.
466:
460:
415:vase, Kangxi reign, Jingdezhen
189:enamels may be painted on the
164:in a few different shades and
128:Dish with Bird on Peach Branch
109:, and a large proportion were
1:
2202:Sèvres – Cité de la céramique
2147:François Xavier d'Entrecolles
1414:Example of fencai enamal ware
963:Gordon Campbell, ed. (2006).
873:European pieces in the styles
691:with Rose Mandarin decoration
2184:Dresden Porcelain Collection
789:, first half of 18th century
557:) and in Qing documents was
2271:Types of pottery decoration
111:made for export to the West
2287:
2226:Victoria and Albert Museum
1370:Warman's Oriental Antiques
1311:10.1179/SIC.2000.45.S2.021
1192:Yongxiang Lu, ed. (2014).
1124:Victoria and Albert Museum
1074:Sullivan, Michael (1978).
1026:. Routledge. p. 177.
426:
320:, famille verte, 1730–1740
315:Saint-Cloud soft porcelain
2232:Museum of Royal Worcester
2208:Musée des Arts Décoratifs
2173:Percival David Foundation
2167:British Museum (London):
1641:Japanese export porcelain
1599:
1198:. Springer. p. 375.
695:Jingdezhen produced many
597:porcelain at the palace,
490:
480:
450:
160:period around 1680, uses
2142:Johann Friedrich Böttger
1476:Chinese export porcelain
1266:Pierson, Stacey (2007).
783:Chinese export porcelain
675:blue and white porcelain
1389:. Octopus. p. 98.
1299:Studies in Conservation
282:plate for exportation,
263:plate for exportation,
248:period, circa 1650–1660
1615:
1607:
1337:National Palace Museum
785:with European figure,
692:
629:) previously used for
444:, known in Chinese as
438:
142:
84:
76:
66:
63:("green family"), and
58:
35:
22:Moon flask (right) in
1613:
1605:
1225:. 徐氏藝術館. p. 71.
684:
436:
196:The colours found in
126:
21:
2178:The David Collection
2101:Overglaze decoration
2091:Hard-paste porcelain
2086:Soft-paste porcelain
802:Jingdezhen porcelain
661:may also be used on
525:(through the use of
140:Jingdezhen porcelain
107:Jingdezhen porcelain
28:Jingdezhen porcelain
2035:Bing & Grøndahl
1999:Dihl & Guérhard
1897:Villeroy & Boch
2244:Ludwigsburg Palace
2238:Walters Art Museum
1636:Japanese porcelain
1616:
1608:
1506:(16th century BCE)
1333:"The Introduction"
693:
645:in Chinese usage.
439:
335:is a variation of
286:period, circa 1680
267:period, circa 1680
156:), adopted in the
143:
36:
2266:Chinese porcelain
2253:
2252:
2152:Dmitry Vinogradov
2074:
2073:
2047:Wagner & Apel
1763:List of companies
1742:
1741:
1691:
1690:
1597:
1596:
1554:(14th century on)
1548:(14th century on)
1542:(11th century on)
1471:Chinese porcelain
1232:978-962-7504-12-2
1077:The Arts of China
527:purple of Cassius
510:, hence the term
363:(Chinese: 墨地素三彩,
45:Chinese porcelain
34:reign (1723–1735)
2278:
1861:Saint Petersburg
1768:French porcelain
1753:
1710:Korean porcelain
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716:Vienna porcelain
533:produced in the
523:Jesuits in China
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371:ground. Genuine
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51:by the dominant
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2190:Gardiner Museum
2169:Asia Department
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2011:Hutschenreuther
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1102:"Famille noire"
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2106:China painting
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1552:Blanc de Chine
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1546:Blue and white
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1408:External links
1406:
1403:
1402:
1395:
1375:
1360:
1351:"Famille rose"
1342:
1324:
1285:
1279:978-3039105380
1278:
1258:
1238:
1231:
1219:徐氏藝術館 (1993).
1211:
1205:978-3662441657
1204:
1184:
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1155:978-0810911703
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1129:
1111:
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1087:978-0520033672
1086:
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1060:978-0810911703
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1006:978-0810911703
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271:
269:
259:
252:
250:
238:
231:
120:
115:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2283:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2246:(Ludwigsburg)
2245:
2242:
2239:
2236:
2233:
2230:
2227:
2224:
2221:
2218:
2215:
2214:Palace Museum
2212:
2209:
2206:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2159:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2123:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2081:
2077:
2066:
2063:
2060:
2057:
2054:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1907:
1904:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1877:
1874:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1790:
1786:
1779:
1778:Armorial ware
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1725:
1724:
1722:
1718:
1711:
1708:
1707:
1705:
1701:
1698:
1694:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1653:
1649:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1633:
1631:
1627:
1624:
1620:
1612:
1604:
1589:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1577:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1524:(6th century)
1523:
1520:
1518:(2nd century)
1517:
1514:
1512:(1st century)
1511:
1508:
1505:
1504:Proto-celadon
1502:
1501:
1499:
1495:
1487:
1486:Fonthill Vase
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1466:
1462:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1444:
1439:
1437:
1432:
1430:
1425:
1424:
1421:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1407:
1398:
1396:9781784726485
1392:
1388:
1387:
1379:
1376:
1371:
1364:
1361:
1356:
1355:Gotheborg.com
1352:
1346:
1343:
1338:
1334:
1328:
1325:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1305:(sup2): 21–.
1304:
1300:
1296:
1289:
1286:
1281:
1275:
1271:
1270:
1262:
1259:
1254:
1253:
1245:
1243:
1239:
1234:
1228:
1224:
1223:
1215:
1212:
1207:
1201:
1197:
1196:
1188:
1185:
1180:
1176:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1162:
1157:
1151:
1147:
1146:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1130:
1125:
1121:
1115:
1112:
1107:
1106:Gotheborg.com
1103:
1097:
1094:
1089:
1083:
1079:
1078:
1070:
1067:
1062:
1056:
1052:
1051:
1043:
1040:
1035:
1033:9780203087114
1029:
1025:
1024:
1016:
1013:
1008:
1002:
998:
997:
989:
987:
983:
978:
972:
968:
967:
959:
956:
951:
949:9780856674891
945:
941:
940:
932:
929:
922:
916:
912:
908:
901:
896:
892:
888:
882:
877:
872:
871:
866:
860:
855:
851:
844:
839:
832:
827:
820:
815:
811:
808:, 1736–1796,
807:
803:
797:
792:
788:
784:
780:
774:
769:
765:
758:
753:
746:
741:
739:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
706:
702:
698:
690:
687:
683:
679:
676:
672:
671:famille verte
668:
664:
660:
659:famille noire
655:
651:
646:
644:
640:
636:
632:
631:famille verte
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
591:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
519:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
487:
477:
457:
447:
443:
435:
430:
423:
420:
414:
413:Famille noire
408:
403:
399:
398:Famille jaune
393:
388:
386:
383:
382:Famille noire
378:
377:famille verte
374:
373:famille noire
370:
366:
365:Modi susancai
362:
361:Famille noire
356:
355:Famille noire
353:
351:
349:
345:
342:
341:famille verte
338:
337:famille verte
334:
333:Famille jaune
328:
327:Famille jaune
325:
319:
318:spitting bowl
316:
310:
305:
301:
294:
289:
285:
281:
275:
270:
266:
262:
256:
251:
247:
243:
242:
235:
230:
228:
226:
222:
221:Famille verte
218:
216:
215:famille jaune
212:
211:famille noire
208:
207:famille verte
204:
199:
198:famille verte
194:
192:
188:
187:famille verte
185:colours. The
184:
180:
177:
173:
172:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
146:Famille verte
141:
137:
133:
132:famille verte
129:
125:
119:
118:Famille verte
116:
114:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
95:Famille verte
92:
91:famille verte
88:
86:
85:famille noire
81:(yellow) and
80:
78:
77:famille jaune
72:
70:
69:
62:
60:
59:famille verte
54:
50:
46:
42:
41:
33:
29:
25:
20:
16:
2180:(Copenhagen)
2116:Factory mark
2079:Technologies
1987:Clignancourt
1581:
1385:
1378:
1369:
1363:
1354:
1345:
1336:
1327:
1302:
1298:
1288:
1268:
1261:
1251:
1221:
1214:
1194:
1187:
1178:
1144:
1123:
1114:
1105:
1096:
1076:
1069:
1049:
1042:
1022:
1015:
995:
965:
958:
938:
931:
915:famille rose
914:
891:famille rose
890:
864:
850:famille rose
849:
806:famille rose
805:
787:famille rose
786:
763:
736:famille rose
735:
720:famille rose
719:
712:Famille rose
711:
710:
697:famille rose
696:
694:
686:Famille rose
685:
670:
667:Famille rose
666:
663:famille rose
662:
658:
650:famille rose
649:
647:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
592:
587:
583:
579:
575:
563:famille rose
562:
558:
547:famille rose
546:
538:
534:
520:
515:
511:
508:famille rose
507:
504:Famille rose
503:
485:
475:
455:
445:
442:Famille rose
441:
440:
429:Famille rose
422:Famille rose
421:
412:
397:
381:
376:
372:
364:
360:
359:
354:
340:
336:
332:
331:
326:
279:
260:
239:
225:famille rose
224:
220:
219:
214:
210:
206:
203:Ming dynasty
197:
195:
186:
169:
153:
152:, also 素三彩,
150:Kangxi wucai
149:
145:
144:
136:Kangxi reign
131:
127:
117:
103:famille rose
102:
94:
90:
82:
74:
68:famille rose
64:
56:
49:Qing dynasty
39:
38:
37:
24:famille rose
23:
15:
2240:(Baltimore)
2234:(Worcester)
2161:Collections
1927:Ludwigsburg
1909:Frankenthal
1885:Nymphenburg
1879:Fürstenberg
1855:Capodimonte
1807:Saint-Cloud
1179:Koh Antique
917:, 1760–1780
893:, 1730–1740
824:Canton ware
734:copied the
705:Canton ware
689:Canton ware
669:supplanted
590:porcelain.
181:with a few
179:cobalt blue
101:era, while
2260:Categories
2222:(Istanbul)
2096:Bone china
1981:Copenhagen
1975:Loosdrecht
1957:Wallendorf
1540:Jingdezhen
923:References
766:porcelains
555:Jingdezhen
176:underglaze
2216:(Beijing)
2192:(Toronto)
2186:(Dresden)
2059:Porsgrund
2053:Rosenthal
1993:Hollóháza
1903:Worcester
1843:Vincennes
1831:Chantilly
1825:Rörstrand
1668:Nabeshima
1450:Porcelain
1319:191567275
907:Delftware
865:Falangcai
764:falangcai
732:Chantilly
611:falangcai
607:falangcai
599:falangcai
595:falangcai
588:falangcai
584:falangcai
580:Falangcai
576:falangcai
567:Yongzheng
551:Tang Ying
531:cloisonné
500:Yongzheng
486:falangcai
367:) uses a
183:overglaze
32:Yongzheng
2228:(London)
2198:(Moscow)
2132:Chinamen
2065:Augarten
1945:Wedgwood
1891:Plymouth
1756:General:
1703:General:
1673:Kakiemon
1629:General:
1464:General:
810:Qianlong
654:Qianlong
516:boli bai
350:ground.
339:, using
166:iron red
154:Susancai
2210:(Paris)
2204:(Paris)
2111:Biscuit
2041:Zsolnay
2017:Doulton
2005:Mintons
1969:Limoges
1867:Mennecy
1849:Chelsea
1813:Meissen
1534:Qingbai
1510:Celadon
911:faience
909:plate,
781:period
728:Chelsea
724:Meissen
643:yangcai
627:yingcai
623:Ruancai
615:yangcai
603:yangcai
572:Beijing
559:yangcai
476:yangcai
456:ruancai
344:enamels
246:Shunzhi
191:biscuit
148:(康熙五彩,
47:of the
2125:People
2067:(1923)
2061:(1885)
2055:(1879)
2049:(1877)
2043:(1853)
2037:(1853)
2031:(1826)
2029:Herend
2025:(1822)
2023:Lichte
2019:(1815)
2013:(1814)
2007:(1793)
2001:(1781)
1995:(1777)
1989:(1775)
1983:(1775)
1977:(1774)
1971:(1771)
1965:(1768)
1959:(1764)
1953:(1763)
1951:Berlin
1947:(1759)
1941:(1760)
1939:Retiro
1935:(1759)
1929:(1758)
1923:(1757)
1917:(1756)
1915:Sèvres
1911:(1755)
1905:(1751)
1899:(1748)
1893:(1748)
1887:(1747)
1881:(1747)
1875:(1747)
1869:(1745)
1863:(1744)
1857:(1743)
1851:(1743)
1845:(1740)
1839:(1735)
1837:Doccia
1833:(1730)
1827:(1726)
1821:(1718)
1819:Vienna
1815:(1710)
1809:(1693)
1803:(1673)
1797:(1575)
1795:Medici
1788:Types:
1748:Europe
1733:Joseon
1727:Goryeo
1720:Types:
1683:Hirado
1678:Kutani
1651:Types:
1588:Canton
1576:Kangxi
1570:Tianqi
1564:Swatow
1497:Types:
1488:(1338)
1393:
1317:
1276:
1229:
1202:
1152:
1120:"Vase"
1084:
1057:
1030:
1003:
973:
946:
905:Dutch
812:period
701:Canton
639:Fencai
621:used.
543:Franks
539:falang
535:falang
512:fencai
496:Kangxi
446:fencai
348:yellow
302:period
300:Kangxi
298:Vase,
284:Kangxi
265:Kangxi
244:vase,
158:Kangxi
99:Kangxi
53:colour
1963:Revol
1933:Weesp
1921:Derby
1801:Rouen
1696:Korea
1663:Imari
1658:Arita
1622:Japan
1558:Kraak
1457:China
1315:S2CID
635:wucai
454:) or
369:black
346:on a
280:Wucai
261:Wucai
241:Wucai
171:wucai
162:green
1528:Ding
1522:Xing
1391:ISBN
1274:ISBN
1227:ISBN
1200:ISBN
1150:ISBN
1082:ISBN
1055:ISBN
1028:ISBN
1001:ISBN
971:ISBN
944:ISBN
867:vase
852:vase
779:Qing
730:and
648:The
619:flux
613:and
472:lit.
213:and
1873:Bow
1516:Yue
1307:doi
633:or
491:珐琅彩
470:),
2262::
2171:/
1353:.
1335:.
1313:.
1303:45
1301:.
1297:.
1241:^
1177:.
1164:^
1132:^
1122:.
1104:.
985:^
913:,
726:,
637:.
481:洋彩
467:软彩
464:/
461:軟彩
451:粉彩
138:,
134:,
130:,
93:.
30:,
26:,
1442:e
1435:t
1428:v
1399:.
1357:.
1339:.
1321:.
1309::
1282:.
1235:.
1208:.
1181:.
1158:.
1126:.
1108:.
1090:.
1063:.
1036:.
1009:.
979:.
952:.
488:(
478:(
458:(
448:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
