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envelopes and that the function of many organs is significantly altered when their related fasciae are removed. This insight contributed to several modern biomechanical concepts of the human body, in which fascial tissues take over important stabilizing and connecting functions, by distributing tensional forces across several joints in a network-like manner similar to the architectural concept of tensegrity. Starting in 2018 this concept of the fascial tissue serving as a body-wide tensional support system has been successfully expressed as an educational model with the
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Fasciae were traditionally thought of as passive structures that transmit mechanical tension generated by muscular activities or external forces throughout the body. An important function of muscle fasciae is to reduce friction of muscular force. In doing so, fasciae provide a supportive and movable
327:
In the tradition of medical dissections it has been common practice to carefully clean muscles and other organs from their surrounding fasciae in order to study their detailed topography and function. However, this practice tends to ignore that e.g. many muscle fibers insert into their fascial
1275:
It is acknowledged that the various definitions of fascia offered by recognised authorities do not enjoy universal agreement and all have varying deficiencies. These definitions currently fall short of an agreed, descriptive, fully embracing definition that would suit all interested medical
470:(Fascia Revealed: Educating Interconnected Anatomy). This plastinate provides a detailed view of the human fascial network, allowing for a better understanding of its structure and function as an interconnected tissue throughout the body.
481:
exhibition in Berlin. This project represents a significant contribution to the visualization of fascia and has the potential to influence future research in fields such as medicine, physical therapy, and movement science.
860:
or resilience. Deep fascia was originally considered to be essentially avascular but later investigations have confirmed a rich presence of thin blood vessels. Deep fascia is also richly supplied with
814:
Visceral fascia is less extensible than superficial fascia. Due to its suspensory role for the organs, it needs to maintain its tone rather consistently. If it is too lax, it contributes to organ
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and adhesions, fascial tissue fails to differentiate the adjacent structures effectively. This can happen after surgery, where the fascia has been incised and healing includes a
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Fascial tissues – particularly those with tendinous or aponeurotic properties – are also able to store and release elastic potential energy.
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466:. Led by an international team of fascia experts and anatomists, the FNPP resulted in the creation of a full-body fascia plastinate known as
315:
may be necessary. For this reason, profound descriptions of fascial structures are available in anatomical literature from the 19th century.
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Fascia itself becomes clinically important when it loses stiffness, becomes too stiff, or has decreased shearing ability. When inflammatory
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Klingler, W.; Velders, M.; Hoppe, K.; Pedro, M.; Schleip, R. (2014). "Clinical relevance of fascial tissue and dysfunctions".
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properties, superficial fascia can stretch to accommodate the deposition of adipose that accompanies both ordinary and
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Fascia: The
Tensional Network of the Human Body: The science and clinical applications in manual and movement therapy
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There exists some controversy about what structures are considered "fascia" and how they should be classified.
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contain an anterior and a posterior compartment. The lower limbs can be divided into two segments – the
1124:
Langevin, Helene M. 2021. "Fascia
Mobility, Proprioception, and Myofascial Pain" Life 11, no. 7: 668.
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layer. The organs have specialized names for their visceral fasciae. In the brain, they are known as
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2006:
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775:. Each of the organs is covered in a double layer of fascia; these layers are separated by a thin
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The current version of the
International Federation of Associations of Anatomists divides into:
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This suspends the organs within their cavities and wraps them in layers of connective tissue
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that interpenetrates and surrounds the muscles, bones, nerves and blood vessels of the body.
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1994:
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701:, and fills otherwise empty space at many other locations. It serves as a storage medium of
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1489:
Schleip, Robert (2003). "Fascial plasticity – a new neurobiological explanation: Part 1".
917:
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771:) suspends the organs within their cavities and wraps them in layers of connective tissue
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and weight loss, the superficial fascia slowly reverts to its original level of tension.
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347:(the ability to discern sensations within the body like the heartbeat) capabilities.
344:
304:
63:
1311:
Skandalakis, John E.; Skandalakis, P.N.; Skandalakis, L.J.; Skandalakis, J. (2002).
1286:
Skandalakis, John E.; Skandalakis, P.N.; Skandalakis, L.J.; Skandalakis, J. (2002).
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343:(the ability to determine the body's orientation with respect to itself) as well as
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and is the layer that primarily determines the shape of a body. In addition to its
463:
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Fascial tissues are frequently innervated by sensory nerve endings. These include
324:
wrapping for nerves and blood vessels as they pass through and between muscles.
111:
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458:(FNPP) is an anatomical research initiative spearheaded by fascia researcher
135:
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462:. The project aims to enhance the study of fascia through the technique of
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393:
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31:
30:"Silverskin" redirects here. For a build-up of silver in the skin, see
17:
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in most regions of the body, blending with the reticular layer of the
160:
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1241:. International Federation of Associations of Anatomists. 2013-01-29
1207:
339:
as well as unmyelinated nerves. Research indicates that fascia has
57:
3673:
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3155:
2958:
2876:
2867:
2475:
2308:
1208:"About Jihan Adem & Gary Carter - Fascia Focused Anatomy Labs"
714:
710:
706:
409:
170:
94:
1518:
296:, and further designated according to their anatomical location.
4166:
2480:
1394:
The
Integral Anatomy Series Vol. 3: Cranial and Visceral Fasciae
1183:
724:
Superficial fascia is present, but does not contain fat, in the
667:
663:
655:
437:
66:(extensive vertical darker gray at left), an example of a fascia
3504:
3302:
2255:
1533:
1364:
The
Integral Anatomy Series Vol. 1: Skin and Superficial fascia
303:, as they create borders for infectious processes (for example
1526:
at The
Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University)
1441:
1392:
729:
702:
389:
1468:. Edinburgh, UK: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier. p. 59.
1261:
Terminologia
Anatomica: International Anatomical Terminology
250:
247:
214:
208:
1443:
The
Integral Anatomy Series Vol. 2: Deep Fascia and Muscle
1020:
Gatt, Adrianna; Agarwal, Sanjay; Zito, Patrick M. (2023),
244:
202:
974:
Gray's
Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice
307:) and haematoma. An increase in pressure may result in a
241:
199:
721:; and as a protective padding to cushion and insulate.
396:
and the sectional compartments of both of these – the
1235:"Terminologica anatomia humana. A04.0.00.031: fascia"
238:
196:
299:
The knowledge of fascial structures is essential in
4284:
4195:
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4125:
4103:
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4027:
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235:
193:
141:
129:
117:
105:
93:
88:
76:
71:
50:
1259:Committee on Anatomical Termi, Federative (1998).
1419:. Seattle, WA: Eastland Press. pp. 146–147.
1417:The Fasciae: Anatomy, Dysfunction & Treatment
1338:The Fasciae: Anatomy, Dysfunction & Treatment
1276:agencies/researchers and allied disciplines (16).
642:Superficial fascia is the lowermost layer of the
783:The outermost wall of the organ is known as the
1340:. Seattle, WA: Eastland Press. pp. 23–24.
1028:, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing,
534:Two former, rather commonly used systems are:
3516:
3314:
2267:
1545:
8:
1466:Functional Atlas of the Human Fascial System
1178:
1176:
1074:Functional Atlas of the Human Fascial System
1379:General Anatomy:Principles and Applications
1184:"FR:EIA - Fascial Net Plastination Project"
440:that traverses the surrounding structures.
384:can each be divided into two segments: The
368:is a section within the body that contains
4171:
4109:
3977:
3935:
3832:
3683:
3582:
3523:
3509:
3501:
3321:
3307:
3299:
2872:
2863:
2611:
2313:
2304:
2295:
2274:
2260:
2252:
1886:
1582:
1573:
1552:
1538:
1530:
1491:Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies
1005:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
56:
545:The one specified in the 1997 edition of
538:The one specified in the 1983 edition of
175:Microsopic image of a fascial structure (
806:; and in the abdomen, they are known as
552:
1315:. Atlanta, GA: Springer. pp. 1–2.
1290:. Atlanta, GA: Springer. pp. 1–2.
938:
689:presence, superficial fascia surrounds
573:(not considered fascia in this system)
1313:Surgical Anatomy and Technique, 2nd Ed
1288:Surgical Anatomy and Technique, 2nd Ed
998:
790:The skin of the organ is known as the
158:
47:
27:Layer of connective tissue in the body
3896:Lateral intermuscular septum of thigh
1229:
1227:
7:
3901:Medial intermuscular septum of thigh
3017:Infra-corporeal residual spongy part
1126:https://doi.org/10.3390/life11070668
852:. This fascia has a high density of
646:in nearly all of the regions of the
376:and is surrounded by fascia. In the
1446:(DVD). Integral Anatomy Productions
1397:(DVD). Integral Anatomy Productions
848:and divides groups of muscles into
402:fascial compartments of the forearm
223:
802:; in the lungs, they are known as
477:and is currently exhibited at the
25:
3485:List of muscles of the human body
1052:Faller, A.; Schuenke, M. (2004).
798:; in the heart they are known as
619:Visceral fascia, parietal fascia
418:fascial compartments of the thigh
1263:. Thieme Stuttgart. p. 33.
658:, over the upper portion of the
473:FR:EIA was unveiled at the 2021
456:Fascial Net Plastination Project
450:Fascial Net Plastination Project
444:Fascial Net Plastination Project
330:Fascial Net Plastination Project
231:
189:
3013:Trabeculae of corpora cavernosa
1946:Trabeculae of corpus spongiosum
1936:Trabeculae of corpora cavernosa
842:dense fibrous connective tissue
604:dense fibrous connective tissue
414:fascial compartments of the leg
398:fascial compartments of the arm
864:. Examples of deep fascia are
674:. It consists mainly of loose
1:
1503:10.1016/S1360-8592(02)00067-0
767:Visceral fascia (also called
4083:Fibularis (peroneus) muscles
3963:Fibularis (peroneus) tertius
822:, it restricts proper organ
654:layer. It is present on the
4257:Flexor digiti minimi brevis
2077:Internal urethral sphincter
977:(42nd ed.). New York.
844:which surrounds individual
4365:
3468:Anatomical terms of muscle
2283:Female reproductive system
2210:Posterior scrotal arteries
856:fibre that determines its
840:Deep fascia is a layer of
833:
447:
357:
284:Fasciae are classified as
40:
29:
4187:Extensor digitorum brevis
4112:
3958:Extensor digitorum longus
3835:
3585:
3171:External urethral orifice
3162:Vestibular gland openings
2949:Posterior labial arteries
2205:Anterior scrotal arteries
2182:Internal spermatic fascia
2167:External spermatic fascia
2126:External urethral orifice
2107:External sphincter muscle
2082:Internal urethral orifice
1151:10.1007/s11916-014-0439-y
1077:. Churchill Livingstone.
1058:Thieme Medical Publishers
971:Standring, Susan (2020).
153:
55:
4182:Extensor hallucis brevis
3953:Extensor hallucis longus
3080:Superficial dorsal veins
3070:Internal pudendal artery
2225:Posterior scrotal nerves
2030:Internal pudendal artery
1561:Male reproductive system
1415:Paoletti, Serge (2006).
1336:Paoletti, Serge (2006).
1098:Schleip, Robert (2022).
1022:"Anatomy, Fascia Layers"
475:Fascia Research Congress
412:– and these contain the
388:can be divided into the
274:) is a generic term for
4213:Flexor digitorum brevis
4049:Flexor digitorum longus
3240:Uterine venous plexuses
3095:Internal pudendal veins
2920:Posterior labial nerves
2237:Posterior scrotal veins
2220:Anterior scrotal nerves
2050:Internal pudendal veins
1714:Tubuli seminiferi recti
951:www.merriam-webster.com
650:, that blends with the
497:Fascia craniocervicalis
354:Anatomical compartments
36:Fascia (disambiguation)
4247:Flexor hallucis brevis
4218:Abductor digiti minimi
4044:Flexor hallucis longus
2954:Posterior labial veins
2925:Anterior labial nerves
2754:Pubocervical ligaments
1464:Stecco, Carla (2015).
1139:Curr Pain Headache Rep
1071:Stecco, Carla (2015).
947:"Definition of FASCIA"
709:; as a passageway for
547:Terminologia Anatomica
523:Fascia propria musculi
180:
155:Anatomical terminology
43:anatomical terminology
34:. For other uses, see
3624:Lateral rotator group
3245:Vaginal venous plexus
2749:Uterosacral ligaments
1212:fasciaanatomylabs.com
928:Fascia (architecture)
699:neurovascular bundles
576:This is found in the
506:Fascia extraserosalis
424:Clinical significance
174:
3612:Tensor fasciae latae
3288:Uterotubal junctions
2910:Posterior commissure
2775:Urogenital diaphragm
2664:Supravaginal portion
2586:Vesicular appendages
2551:Suspensory ligaments
2495:Fallopian tubes
1868:Bulbourethral glands
1709:Seminiferous tubules
1645:Blood–testis barrier
1440:Hedley, Gil (2005).
1391:Hedley, Gil (2005).
1361:Hedley, Gil (2005).
923:Thoracolumbar fascia
908:Extracellular matrix
898:Clavipectoral fascia
882:thoracolumbar fascia
850:fascial compartments
530:Previous terminology
309:compartment syndrome
4129:Intermuscular septa
3388:Fascial compartment
3283:Vesicouterine pouch
3027:Commissure of bulbs
2992:Suspensory ligament
2905:Anterior commissure
2528:Intramural segments
2408:Germinal epithelium
2392:Perivitelline space
2131:Lacunae of Morgagni
1919:Suspensory ligament
1792:Testicular arteries
1668:Spermatocytogenesis
1524:lesson1layersofbody
903:Endothoracic fascia
755:weight gain. After
660:sternocleidomastoid
570:Superficial fascia
517:Fasciae musculorum
366:fascial compartment
360:Fascial compartment
4274:Plantar interossei
4054:Tibialis posterior
3786:External obturator
3716:Vastus intermedius
3655:External obturator
3650:Internal obturator
3532:Muscles of the hip
3278:Rectouterine pouch
2997:Fundiform ligament
2840:Support structures
2795:Bartholin's glands
2744:Cardinal ligaments
2556:Pampiniform plexus
2387:Membrana granulosa
2177:Cremasteric fascia
1914:Fundiform ligament
1841:Seminal colliculus
1787:Rectovesical pouch
1768:Pampiniform plexus
1746:Superior ligaments
1741:Inferior ligaments
1377:Norman Eizenberg,
670:and overlying the
599:Fascia of muscles
281:bodily structures.
181:
41:This article uses
4349:Connective tissue
4331:
4330:
4327:
4326:
4312:Superior extensor
4307:Inferior extensor
4269:Dorsal interossei
4252:Adductor hallucis
4230:Quadratus plantae
4208:Abductor hallucis
4161:
4160:
4157:
4156:
4069:
4068:
3948:Tibialis anterior
3920:
3919:
3916:
3915:
3906:Cribriform fascia
3728:Articularis genus
3668:
3667:
3645:Superior gemellus
3640:Inferior gemellus
3635:Quadratus femoris
3498:
3497:
3296:
3295:
3185:
3184:
3181:
3180:
3085:Deep dorsal veins
3065:Arteries of bulbs
3009:Corpora cavernosa
2959:Interlabial sulci
2900:Labiocrural folds
2853:
2852:
2788:Vestibular glands
2783:
2782:
2601:
2600:
2568:Wolffian vestiges
2546:Ovarian ligaments
2489:
2488:
2365:Follicular antrum
2249:
2248:
2245:
2244:
1941:Corpus spongiosum
1931:Corpora cavernosa
1876:
1875:
1846:Ejaculatory ducts
1805:
1804:
1678:Spermatidogenesis
1475:978-0-7020-4430-4
984:978-0-7020-7707-4
913:Interstitial cell
862:sensory receptors
683:connective tissue
635:
634:
610:Transverse fascia
520:Fascia investiens
514:Fasciae membrorum
509:Fascia visceralis
503:Fascia parietalis
432:or trauma causes
311:, where a prompt
177:Ligamentum nuchae
169:
168:
164:
16:(Redirected from
4356:
4235:Lumbrical muscle
4172:
4132:
4110:
4032:
4007:Accessory soleus
3985:
3978:
3936:
3891:Iliotibial tract
3882:
3833:
3711:Vastus lateralis
3684:
3628:
3583:
3525:
3518:
3511:
3502:
3490:Composite muscle
3323:
3316:
3309:
3300:
3200:Ovarian arteries
3126:Tunica albuginea
2915:Dartos muliebris
2873:
2864:
2612:
2423:Cumulus oophorus
2413:Tunica albuginea
2370:Follicular fluid
2314:
2305:
2296:
2276:
2269:
2262:
2253:
2015:Arteries of bulb
2002:Tunica albuginea
1887:
1819:Seminal vesicles
1811:Accessory glands
1797:Testicular veins
1608:Tunica vasculosa
1603:Tunica albuginea
1598:Tunica vaginalis
1583:
1574:
1554:
1547:
1540:
1531:
1507:
1506:
1486:
1480:
1479:
1461:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1451:
1437:
1431:
1430:
1412:
1406:
1405:
1403:
1402:
1388:
1382:
1375:
1369:
1368:
1358:
1352:
1351:
1333:
1327:
1326:
1308:
1302:
1301:
1283:
1277:
1274:
1256:
1250:
1249:
1247:
1246:
1231:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1218:
1204:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1194:
1180:
1171:
1170:
1134:
1128:
1122:
1116:
1115:
1095:
1089:
1088:
1068:
1062:
1061:
1049:
1043:
1042:
1041:
1040:
1017:
1011:
1010:
1004:
996:
968:
962:
961:
959:
957:
943:
769:subserous fascia
652:reticular dermis
616:Visceral fascia
588:Fascia of Scarpa
553:
540:Nomina Anatomica
257:
256:
253:
252:
249:
246:
243:
240:
237:
225:
221:
220:
217:
216:
211:
210:
205:
204:
201:
198:
195:
161:edit on Wikidata
60:
48:
21:
4364:
4363:
4359:
4358:
4357:
4355:
4354:
4353:
4334:
4333:
4332:
4323:
4280:
4191:
4153:
4126:
4121:
4099:
4065:
4028:
4023:
4012:Achilles tendon
3981:
3967:
3929:
3912:
3876:
3871:
3867:Muscular lacuna
3862:Adductor hiatus
3822:
3767:
3761:Semimembranosus
3732:
3721:Vastus medialis
3677:
3664:
3621:
3616:
3590:Gluteal muscles
3572:
3538:
3529:
3499:
3494:
3456:
3423:
3354:Skeletal muscle
3332:
3330:Muscular system
3327:
3297:
3292:
3273:Perineal sponge
3268:Urethral sponge
3251:
3220:Spiral arteries
3177:
3151:Vaginal orifice
3132:
3055:Dorsal arteries
3032:Pars intermedia
2963:
2849:
2804:
2779:
2758:
2739:Broad ligaments
2734:Round ligaments
2720:
2675:
2597:
2576:Gartner's ducts
2562:
2532:
2485:
2444:
2396:
2285:
2280:
2250:
2241:
2140:
2136:Urethral glands
2114:Navicular fossa
2065:Pudendal nerves
2020:Dorsal arteries
1872:
1801:
1775:Vasa deferentia
1763:Spermatic cords
1697:
1655:Spermatogenesis
1649:
1563:
1558:
1519:Fascia Research
1515:
1510:
1488:
1487:
1483:
1476:
1463:
1462:
1458:
1449:
1447:
1439:
1438:
1434:
1427:
1414:
1413:
1409:
1400:
1398:
1390:
1389:
1385:
1376:
1372:
1360:
1359:
1355:
1348:
1335:
1334:
1330:
1323:
1310:
1309:
1305:
1298:
1285:
1284:
1280:
1271:
1258:
1257:
1253:
1244:
1242:
1233:
1232:
1225:
1216:
1214:
1206:
1205:
1201:
1192:
1190:
1182:
1181:
1174:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1123:
1119:
1112:
1097:
1096:
1092:
1085:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1038:
1036:
1019:
1018:
1014:
997:
985:
970:
969:
965:
955:
953:
945:
944:
940:
936:
918:Pectoral fascia
894:
874:brachial fascia
838:
832:
818:, yet if it is
777:serous membrane
765:
640:
532:
488:
452:
446:
426:
362:
356:
321:
234:
230:
213:
207:
192:
188:
165:
67:
46:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4362:
4360:
4352:
4351:
4346:
4336:
4335:
4329:
4328:
4325:
4324:
4322:
4321:
4320:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4296:
4294:Plantar fascia
4290:
4288:
4282:
4281:
4279:
4278:
4277:
4276:
4271:
4261:
4260:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4239:
4238:
4237:
4232:
4222:
4221:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4199:
4197:
4193:
4192:
4190:
4189:
4184:
4178:
4176:
4169:
4163:
4162:
4159:
4158:
4155:
4154:
4152:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4135:
4133:
4123:
4122:
4120:
4119:
4113:
4107:
4101:
4100:
4098:
4097:
4096:
4095:
4090:
4079:
4077:
4071:
4070:
4067:
4066:
4064:
4063:
4058:
4057:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4035:
4033:
4025:
4024:
4022:
4021:
4016:
4015:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3988:
3986:
3975:
3969:
3968:
3966:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3944:
3942:
3933:
3922:
3921:
3918:
3917:
3914:
3913:
3911:
3910:
3909:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3885:
3883:
3873:
3872:
3870:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3857:Adductor canal
3854:
3849:
3848:
3847:
3840:Femoral sheath
3836:
3830:
3824:
3823:
3821:
3820:
3819:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3777:
3775:
3769:
3768:
3766:
3765:
3764:
3763:
3758:
3756:Semitendinosus
3753:
3751:Biceps femoris
3742:
3740:
3734:
3733:
3731:
3730:
3725:
3724:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3706:Rectus femoris
3698:
3692:
3690:
3681:
3670:
3669:
3666:
3665:
3663:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3631:
3629:
3618:
3617:
3615:
3614:
3609:
3608:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3586:
3580:
3574:
3573:
3571:
3570:
3569:
3568:
3563:
3548:
3546:
3540:
3539:
3530:
3528:
3527:
3520:
3513:
3505:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3481:
3480:
3475:
3464:
3462:
3458:
3457:
3455:
3454:
3453:
3452:
3447:
3440:Pennate muscle
3437:
3431:
3429:
3425:
3424:
3422:
3421:
3412:
3411:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3385:
3384:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3363:
3362:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3349:Cardiac muscle
3340:
3338:
3334:
3333:
3328:
3326:
3325:
3318:
3311:
3303:
3294:
3293:
3291:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3259:
3257:
3253:
3252:
3250:
3249:
3248:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3224:
3223:
3222:
3217:
3215:Vaginal artery
3212:
3210:Arcuate artery
3207:
3205:Uterine artery
3202:
3193:
3191:
3187:
3186:
3183:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3175:
3174:
3173:
3163:
3160:
3159:
3158:
3148:
3142:
3140:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3130:
3127:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3113:
3112:
3110:Pudendal nerve
3107:
3099:
3098:
3097:
3092:
3090:Veins of bulbs
3087:
3082:
3074:
3073:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3049:
3048:
3047:
3042:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3023:
3022:
3019:
3014:
3011:
3001:
3000:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2973:
2971:
2965:
2964:
2962:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2945:
2944:
2934:
2933:
2932:
2930:Perineal nerve
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2895:Pudendal cleft
2887:
2881:
2879:
2870:
2861:
2855:
2854:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2836:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2814:
2812:
2806:
2805:
2803:
2802:
2800:Skene's glands
2797:
2791:
2789:
2785:
2784:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2777:
2772:
2766:
2764:
2760:
2759:
2757:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2730:
2728:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2707:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2685:
2683:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2673:
2668:
2667:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2641:
2636:
2635:
2634:
2629:
2618:
2616:
2609:
2603:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2595:
2590:
2589:
2588:
2578:
2572:
2570:
2564:
2563:
2561:
2560:
2559:
2558:
2548:
2542:
2540:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2499:
2497:
2491:
2490:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2460:
2454:
2452:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2431:
2430:
2425:
2415:
2410:
2404:
2402:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2382:Zona pellucida
2379:
2377:Corona radiata
2374:
2373:
2372:
2362:
2361:
2360:
2355:
2345:
2344:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2322:
2320:
2311:
2302:
2293:
2287:
2286:
2281:
2279:
2278:
2271:
2264:
2256:
2247:
2246:
2243:
2242:
2240:
2239:
2234:
2233:
2232:
2230:Perineal nerve
2227:
2222:
2214:
2213:
2212:
2207:
2199:
2194:
2191:
2186:
2185:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2150:
2148:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2122:
2121:
2111:
2110:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2069:
2068:
2067:
2062:
2054:
2053:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2034:
2033:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1998:
1997:
1992:
1982:
1977:
1976:
1975:
1973:Septum glandis
1970:
1965:
1960:
1950:
1949:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1923:
1922:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1895:
1893:
1884:
1878:
1877:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1870:
1865:
1864:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1836:Urethral crest
1828:
1827:
1826:
1824:Excretory duct
1815:
1813:
1807:
1806:
1803:
1802:
1800:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1783:
1782:
1772:
1771:
1770:
1760:
1755:
1754:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1728:
1727:
1726:
1724:Efferent ducts
1721:
1716:
1705:
1703:
1699:
1698:
1696:
1695:
1690:
1688:Spermiogenesis
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1663:Spermatogonium
1659:
1657:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1611:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1591:
1589:
1580:
1571:
1565:
1564:
1559:
1557:
1556:
1549:
1542:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1521:
1514:
1513:External links
1511:
1509:
1508:
1481:
1474:
1456:
1432:
1425:
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1370:
1353:
1346:
1328:
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1303:
1296:
1278:
1269:
1251:
1223:
1199:
1172:
1129:
1117:
1111:978-0702071836
1110:
1090:
1084:978-0702044304
1083:
1063:
1060:. p. 127.
1054:The Human Body
1044:
1012:
983:
963:
937:
935:
932:
931:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
893:
890:
878:plantar fascia
834:Main article:
831:
828:
812:
811:
788:
764:
761:
639:
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627:
620:
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543:
531:
528:
527:
526:
525:
524:
521:
515:
512:
511:
510:
507:
504:
500:Fascia trunci
498:
487:
484:
460:Robert Schleip
448:Main article:
445:
442:
425:
422:
358:Main article:
355:
352:
341:proprioceptive
320:
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4130:
4124:
4118:
4117:Pes anserinus
4115:
4114:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4102:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4085:
4084:
4081:
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4072:
4062:
4059:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4041:
4040:
4039:tarsal tunnel
4037:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4026:
4020:
4017:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3997:Gastrocnemius
3995:
3994:
3993:
3992:Triceps surae
3990:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3970:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
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3907:
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3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3888:
3887:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3880:
3874:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3846:
3845:Femoral canal
3843:
3842:
3841:
3838:
3837:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3825:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3798:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
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3784:
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3779:
3778:
3776:
3774:
3770:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3748:
3747:
3744:
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3735:
3729:
3726:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
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3699:
3697:
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3545:
3541:
3537:
3533:
3526:
3521:
3519:
3514:
3512:
3507:
3506:
3503:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3470:
3469:
3466:
3465:
3463:
3459:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3442:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3432:
3430:
3426:
3420:
3416:
3413:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3390:
3389:
3386:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3368:
3367:
3364:
3360:
3359:Smooth muscle
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3345:
3344:Muscle tissue
3342:
3341:
3339:
3335:
3331:
3324:
3319:
3317:
3312:
3310:
3305:
3304:
3301:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3254:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3230:Ovarian veins
3228:
3227:
3225:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3188:
3172:
3169:
3168:
3167:
3164:
3161:
3157:
3154:
3153:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3143:
3141:
3139:
3135:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3117:Clitoral hood
3115:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3105:Dorsal nerves
3103:
3102:
3100:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3077:
3075:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3060:Deep arteries
3058:
3056:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3046:
3043:
3040:
3039:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3006:
3005:
3002:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2979:
2978:
2975:
2974:
2972:
2970:
2966:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2943:
2940:
2939:
2938:
2935:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2892:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2878:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2856:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2811:
2807:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2786:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2767:
2765:
2761:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2727:
2723:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2691:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2682:
2678:
2672:
2669:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2646:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2624:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2617:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2604:
2594:
2591:
2587:
2584:
2583:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2573:
2571:
2569:
2565:
2557:
2554:
2553:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2539:
2535:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2500:
2498:
2496:
2492:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2471:Ootidogenesis
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:Oocytogenesis
2461:
2459:
2456:
2455:
2453:
2451:
2447:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2420:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2405:
2403:
2399:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2371:
2368:
2367:
2366:
2363:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2350:
2349:
2346:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2331:Hemorrhagicum
2329:
2328:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2277:
2272:
2270:
2265:
2263:
2258:
2257:
2254:
2238:
2235:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2202:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2162:Dartos fascia
2160:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2120:
2117:
2116:
2115:
2112:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2087:Pre-prostatic
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2074:
2073:
2070:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2060:Dorsal nerves
2058:
2057:
2055:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2037:
2035:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2025:Deep arteries
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1987:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1951:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1928:
1927:
1924:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1879:
1869:
1866:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1833:
1832:
1829:
1825:
1822:
1821:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1808:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1776:
1773:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1758:Paradidymides
1756:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1733:
1732:
1729:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1711:
1710:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1700:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1652:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1640:Sertoli cells
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1578:Seminal tract
1575:
1572:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1555:
1550:
1548:
1543:
1541:
1536:
1535:
1532:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1485:
1482:
1477:
1471:
1467:
1460:
1457:
1445:
1444:
1436:
1433:
1428:
1426:0-939616-53-X
1422:
1418:
1411:
1408:
1396:
1395:
1387:
1384:
1381:(2008), p 70.
1380:
1374:
1371:
1366:
1365:
1357:
1354:
1349:
1347:0-939616-53-X
1343:
1339:
1332:
1329:
1324:
1322:0-387-98752-5
1318:
1314:
1307:
1304:
1299:
1297:0-387-98752-5
1293:
1289:
1282:
1279:
1272:
1270:3-13-114361-4
1266:
1262:
1255:
1252:
1240:
1239:ifaa.unifr.ch
1236:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1213:
1209:
1203:
1200:
1189:
1185:
1179:
1177:
1173:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1121:
1118:
1113:
1107:
1103:
1102:
1094:
1091:
1086:
1080:
1076:
1075:
1067:
1064:
1059:
1055:
1048:
1045:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1016:
1013:
1008:
1002:
994:
990:
986:
980:
976:
975:
967:
964:
952:
948:
942:
939:
933:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
895:
891:
889:
887:
886:Buck's fascia
883:
879:
875:
871:
870:fascia cruris
867:
863:
859:
858:extensibility
855:
851:
847:
843:
837:
829:
827:
825:
821:
817:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
786:
782:
781:
780:
778:
774:
770:
762:
760:
758:
754:
750:
745:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
722:
720:
719:blood vessels
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
637:
631:
628:
625:
621:
618:
615:
614:
611:
608:
605:
601:
598:
596:
593:
592:
589:
586:
583:
579:
575:
572:
569:
568:
564:
561:
558:
555:
554:
548:
544:
541:
537:
536:
535:
529:
522:
519:
518:
516:
513:
508:
505:
502:
501:
499:
496:
495:
494:
491:
485:
483:
480:
476:
471:
469:
465:
461:
457:
451:
443:
441:
439:
435:
431:
423:
421:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
361:
353:
351:
348:
346:
345:interoceptive
342:
338:
333:
331:
325:
318:
316:
314:
310:
306:
305:Psoas abscess
302:
297:
295:
291:
287:
283:
280:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
255:
229:
219:
186:
178:
173:
162:
156:
152:
149:
146:
144:
140:
137:
134:
132:
128:
125:
122:
120:
116:
113:
110:
108:
104:
101:
98:
96:
92:
87:
84:
81:
79:
75:
70:
65:
64:rectus sheath
59:
54:
49:
44:
37:
33:
19:
4285:
4263:
4241:
4224:
4202:
4127:
4104:
4029:
3982:
3931:compartments
3877:
3852:Femoral ring
3827:
3679:compartments
3622:
3544:Iliac region
3365:
3235:Uterine vein
3190:Blood supply
3121:
2937:Labia minora
2890:Labia majora
2440:Retia ovarii
2417:
2325:
2119:Lacuna magna
2097:Intermediate
2045:Vein of bulb
2040:Dorsal veins
1984:
1731:Epididymides
1719:Retia testes
1693:Spermatozoon
1673:Spermatocyte
1635:Leydig cells
1494:
1490:
1484:
1465:
1459:
1448:. Retrieved
1442:
1435:
1416:
1410:
1399:. Retrieved
1393:
1386:
1378:
1373:
1363:
1356:
1337:
1331:
1312:
1306:
1287:
1281:
1260:
1254:
1243:. Retrieved
1238:
1215:. Retrieved
1211:
1202:
1191:. Retrieved
1187:
1142:
1138:
1132:
1120:
1104:. Elsevier.
1100:
1093:
1073:
1066:
1053:
1047:
1037:, retrieved
1025:
1015:
973:
966:
954:. Retrieved
950:
941:
839:
813:
768:
766:
749:viscoelastic
746:
723:
687:subcutaneous
641:
602:This is the
562:Description
533:
492:
489:
472:
467:
464:plastination
453:
427:
363:
349:
334:
326:
322:
298:
282:
271:
263:
262:; adjective
259:
227:
184:
182:
124:A04.0.00.031
99:
4298:retinacula
3983:Superficial
3879:Fascia lata
3561:Psoas minor
3557:Psoas major
3419:Aponeurosis
3371:Superficial
2711:Parametrium
2704:Perimetrium
2694:Endometrium
2659:External os
2654:Internal os
2513:Infundibula
1990:Superficial
1751:Stereocilia
1620:Mediastinum
1497:(1): 11–9.
1188:Body Worlds
866:fascia lata
836:Deep fascia
747:Due to its
638:Superficial
630:Pericardium
595:Deep fascia
486:Terminology
479:Body Worlds
286:superficial
276:macroscopic
266:; from
89:Identifiers
4338:Categories
4149:Transverse
3701:Quadriceps
3660:Piriformis
3445:Unipennate
2885:Mons pubis
2845:Epithelium
2716:Epithelium
2699:Myometrium
2593:Paroophora
1450:2006-07-17
1401:2006-07-17
1245:2024-03-23
1217:2024-08-26
1193:2024-08-26
1145:(8): 439.
1039:2023-05-16
1026:StatPearls
993:1201341621
934:References
820:hypertonic
800:pericardia
678:and fatty
672:breastbone
386:upper limb
378:human body
337:myelinated
313:fasciotomy
279:membranous
83:Mesenchyme
4264:4th layer
4242:3rd layer
4225:2nd layer
4203:1st layer
4144:Posterior
4061:Popliteus
4019:Plantaris
3973:Posterior
3781:Pectineus
3746:Hamstring
3738:Posterior
3696:Sartorius
3552:Iliopsoas
3536:human leg
3478:Insertion
3450:Bipennate
3196:Arteries
3138:Vestibule
3051:Arteries
2726:Ligaments
2581:Epoophora
2538:Ligaments
2450:Oogenesis
2318:Follicles
2201:Arteries
2172:Cremaster
2092:Prostatic
2011:Arteries
1683:Spermatid
1587:Testicles
1001:cite book
956:12 August
808:peritonea
773:membranes
757:pregnancy
662:, at the
624:membranes
549:(TA 1997)
542:(NA 1983)
430:fasciitis
78:Precursor
4302:Peroneal
4139:Anterior
3940:Anterior
3796:Adductor
3791:Gracilis
3688:Anterior
3578:Buttocks
3435:Fusiform
3381:Visceral
3045:Frenulum
2969:Clitoris
2942:Frenulum
2859:External
2833:Fornices
2518:Fimbriae
2508:Ampullae
2458:Oogonium
2341:Albicans
2291:Internal
2189:Ligament
1963:Frenulum
1958:Foreskin
1882:External
1831:Prostate
1780:Ampullae
1736:Appendix
1615:Appendix
1569:Internal
1159:24962403
1034:30252294
892:See also
824:motility
816:prolapse
796:meninges
792:visceral
785:parietal
763:Visceral
753:prenatal
742:clitoris
578:subcutis
565:Example
559:TA 1997
556:NA 1983
434:fibrosis
416:and the
408:and the
400:and the
392:and the
319:Function
290:visceral
4196:Plantar
4075:Lateral
3816:Minimus
3605:Minimus
3595:Maximus
3566:Iliacus
3398:Forearm
3166:Urethra
3101:Nerves
2763:General
2639:Isthmus
2615:Regions
2435:Medulla
2358:Interna
2353:Externa
2309:Ovaries
2216:Nerves
2153:Layers
2146:Scrotum
2072:Urethra
2056:Nerves
1861:Utricle
1625:Lobules
1594:Layers
1167:4217127
854:elastin
846:muscles
804:pleurae
734:scrotum
680:adipose
676:areolar
666:of the
394:forearm
370:muscles
301:surgery
264:fascial
260:fascias
228:fasciae
112:D005205
72:Details
32:Argyria
18:Fascial
4344:Fascia
4317:Flexor
4286:Fascia
4175:Dorsal
4105:Fascia
4093:Brevis
4088:Longus
4002:Soleus
3828:Fascia
3811:Magnus
3806:Brevis
3801:Longus
3773:Medial
3600:Medius
3473:Origin
3415:Tendon
3366:Fascia
3337:Tissue
3263:G-spot
3226:Veins
3129:Septum
3122:Fascia
3076:Veins
3041:Corona
2810:Vagina
2770:Glands
2681:Layers
2644:Cervix
2632:Fundus
2627:Cavity
2607:Uterus
2503:Isthmi
2466:Oocyte
2428:Stroma
2418:Cortex
2348:Thecae
2336:Luteum
2326:Corpus
2300:Adnexa
2197:Septum
2102:Spongy
2036:Veins
2007:Septum
1985:Fascia
1968:Corona
1472:
1423:
1344:
1319:
1294:
1267:
1165:
1157:
1108:
1081:
1032:
991:
981:
726:eyelid
695:glands
691:organs
582:dermis
468:FR:EIA
380:, the
374:nerves
185:fascia
100:fascia
51:Fascia
3674:Thigh
3461:Other
3428:Shape
3403:Thigh
3256:Other
3156:Hymen
3146:Fossa
3037:Glans
3021:Angle
2987:Bulbs
2982:Crura
2877:Labia
2868:Vulva
2828:Walls
2823:Rugae
2818:Canal
2671:Horns
2649:Canal
2523:Ostia
2476:Ootid
2401:Other
2193:Raphe
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1891:Penis
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1851:Sinus
1702:Other
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715:nerve
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1995:Deep
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1470:ISBN
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656:face
648:body
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294:deep
272:band
136:2015
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