2325:
2560:, ASIO rates Australia's national terrorism threat level as "probable", based on the assessment of credible intelligence. It states that "extremists such as neo-Nazis represent a serious, increasing and evolving threat to security. The 2019 Christchurch attack continues to be drawn on for inspiration by right-wing extremists worldwide", and says that these groups are attracting younger adherents of their ideologies. The extremists exploit the social and economic disruption brought about by the
3159:
movement against mass immigration, the
Dilution of our European Culture and Pride, and the current multicultural agenda created by the current government networks designed to destroy our colonial rights and identity", and cites its function as "to recruit like minded individuals and groups into an organization of active men". The group was thought to be "possibly defunct" in April 2019. It was reported that November to have chapters in Australia, Sweden and Scotland.
2737:. He was found guilty of 53 crimes and sentenced to 18 years. After serving 13 years in prison for his crimes, Van Tongeren resumed anti-Asian activities upon his release in 2002. In February 2004 three Chinese restaurants, synagogues and Asian-owned businesses where firebombed, plastered with posters and daubed with swastikas. Five men were arrested for being involved in the attacks. The police also identified a plot to harm WA Attorney-General
51:
2580:, says: "Australian chapters of more fringe neo-Nazi cells actively engaged in campaigns of radical right terror and violence". It also reported that since the Christchurch attack, extremist groups have "become more explicitly anti-Semitic, aggressively racist and white supremacist". Of the various groups named in the report, four have been proscribed in other countries, but not in Australia:
383:
1152:
5770:
4080:
3336:'s Counter Terrorism Command and ASIO were notified, and the incident was widely covered in the media. One antisemitism expert called for the group to be branded a terrorist group, saying, "We know that there is a direct link between incitement, between vilification … and shooting rampages that we saw not just in Christchurch, but in other places".
3228:
identified "sovereign citizens" as a potential terrorist threat in 2015, estimating that there were about 300 sovereign citizens in the state at the time. Sovereign
Citizens from the US have undertaken speaking tours to and Australia, with some support among farmers struggling with drought and other
2656:
in April 2021 from its "Inquiry into extremist movements and radicalism in
Australia", which lapsed when the membership of the Parliamentary Joint Committee on Intelligence and Security (PJCIS) ceased to exist at the dissolution of the House of Representatives on Monday 11 April 2022. There have been
2493:
work involved far-right individuals and groups in late 2020, an increase of 10–15% on the years before 2016. Although their capabilities are assessed as being on a smaller scale than the far-right extremists in Europe and the US, the ideologies are similar. Worldwide, individuals enable and encourage
3087:
party. The group's founder, Rinaldo
Nazzaro, known online as "Roman Wolf" and "Norman Spear", was personally involved in active recruitment. An Australian who went by the name of Volkskrieger was a key person in the recruitment drive, which focused on finding people with legal access to firearms and
2182:
1. Terrorism refers, on the one hand, to a doctrine about the presumed effectiveness of a special form or tactic of fear-generating, coercive political violence and, on the other hand, to a conspiratorial practice of calculated, demonstrative, direct violent action without legal or moral restraints,
2764:
and fascist terrorist organisation. The group was founded by four
Croatian emigre, including one former Ustaše officer. From the 1960s, the HRB actively carried out terrorist attacks in both Australia and Yugoslavia, including bombings and assassination attempts, despite knowledge of their actions
2564:
to engage with others online. It says that 2020 "saw an increased growth in ASIO investigations related to extreme right-wing groups, individuals and emerging ideologies", with far-right extremist individuals comprising "around a third of all ASIO counter-terrorism investigative subjects". During
3158:
in 2015. An "official blog for the
Australian chapter of Right Wing Resistance", headed "Right Wing Resistance Australia" and "RWR Australia", with entries published in August 2011, but with no further activity, still exists as of April 2021. It self-describes as "an organized unified resistance
3078:
hate group, which has been actively recruiting in
Australia, Canada and other countries. In late 2019 and early 2020, secret recordings were made of some of The Base's recruitment activities. The tapes include their attempts to recruit several Australians, including a 17-year-old teenager and a
3561:
A description how it was arrived at can be found on pp. 39-98 of Alex P. Schmid (Ed.). The
Routledge Handbook of Terrorism Research. London and New York: Routledge, 2011. The same volume also contains 260 other definitions compiled by Joseph J. Easson and Alex P. Schmid on pp.
3292:
as well as instructions for manufacturing explosives and prohibited and dangerous weapons, while a second was arrested for possession of extremist material. On the same day, Tom Sewell, the leader of NSN, said in a video that 15 men in his group had been targeted by
2229:
In
Australia, right-wing extremists often believe that there is a threat to some aspect of their existence or society, and then attribute the cause as a particular target group, such as an ethnic community or those who adhere to a different, usually
2648:
in
Australia, and that the Christchurch terrorist had been able to slip under the radar. Since then, the national and state agencies have been more focused on far-right extremism, with the greatest threat posed by individuals rather than groups.
3114:, and members have been arrested with weapons and on terrorism-related charges. Experts who have studied the group say it appears to be "committed to violence". The True Blue Crew was formed in 2015 as a splinter group from the anti-Islamic
2127:-ideologically influenced terrorism on Australian soil. Far-right extremist groups have existed in Australia since the early 20th century, however the intensity of terrorist activities have oscillated until the present time. A surge of
2386:
in 1968), and from the late 1970s, ASIO was monitoring groups such as the Safari 8, the Legion of the Frontiersmen of the Commonwealth, and the Australian Youth Coalition, but they did not last long. In the 1970s and early 1980s the
3166:
has a photo of three men holding a black flag saying Right Wing Resistance Australia, with "SC" and "14" on the left- and right-hand sides of it. One of these men is Ethan Tilling. He, along with other members of RWR, had gone to
3313:, a new group created by members of the Antipodean Resistance and the Lads Society under the latter's leader Thomas Sewell, were observed parading Nazi paraphernalia and harassing bystanders at several locations around the
3034:, who is of mixed race; that police officers should be raped and killed; and that white women who date non-whites should be hanged. Some suspected members are thought to have been involved in a previous neo-Nazi group, the
5396:
2469:
and seen as an existential threat by some), but more often related to perceived threats to white culture posed by immigration. In this climate, Australian chapters of internationally based groups were founded, such as the
3021:
discussion as well as by its use of similar names and its distribution of similar propaganda. It surfaced in December 2018, when it was revealed that members of the group had suggested on the group's Discord server that
2632:
police forces and ASIO. The AFP leads the National Disruption Group, which works with Australian communities and a number of other government agencies "to combat violent extremism and the radicalisation of Australians".
5251:
3240:
group founded in 2009 in Melbourne). Far-right groups whose profiles have varied include Identity Australia, the Nationalist Australian Alternative, Australian Traditionalism, and the New National Action.
5902:
Stormfront Downunder is a sub-forum of the global white supremacist online community Stormfront.org, which deals with "issues and pro-white activism for white nationalists in Australia and New Zealand.
4694:
4178:
5965:
2234:
ideology. They overexaggerate and spread feelings of danger, blaming the target group, and think that the only way to rid society of the danger is to remove the threat, often by violent means.
4642:
413:
5388:
4748:
4719:
3254:
In August 2016, Phillip Galea was charged with several terrorist offences, the first Australian right-wing extremist to be charged with terrorism. Galea had conducted "surveillance" of "
5305:
2329:
5667:
1751:
4775:
4124:
3057:
recommendation to label the Sonnenkrieg Division a "terrorist organisation", citing their reach into Australia. The group was officially proscribed in Australia on 22 March 2021.
3912:
2372:
1388:
2940:
and several regional cities, but which would not reveal how many members or associates the group has. It has vowed to bring about a "white revolution" and has openly described
1908:
2676:
There is as of March 2021 only one significant program to counter the far-right extremist narrative in Australia. This is Community Action for Preventing Extremism, funded by
4616:
3182:
Phillip Galea, former member of the True Blue Crew who was convicted of plotting terrorist attacks in December 2019, had been a member or supporter of Right Wing Resistance.
552:
4572:
5615:
2375:. From 1963-1973, the Ustaše carried out fifteen attacks and inspired dozens more as part of a terrorism campaign of bombings and assassination attempts across Australia.
5465:
5567:
5013:
3229:
hardships. A group called United Rights Australia (U R Australia) has a Facebook presence, and there are other websites promulgating Freemen/Sovereign Citizen ideas.
5039:
2970:'s counter-terrorism command charged Sewell with affray, recklessly causing injury, and unlawful assault after he allegedly punched a security guard working for the
1701:
5596:
4339:
921:
163:
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2850:
2835:
2148:
1880:
1815:
1540:
1316:
1172:
962:
406:
4504:
2418:. Australia " anything like the levels of right-wing extremism and violence that impacted Europe and North America in the 1990s" (2005), but some networks of
5913:
5754:
5359:
3387:
2402:
Following a lull in activity, violence by the far-right in Australia surged in the 1980s. National Action members carried out attacks in Sydney, including a
3288:
In April 2021, police raided the homes of several men associated with the National Socialist Network in Adelaide. One was arrested for the possession of an
1047:
3266:(UPF). On 5 December 2019, a jury found Galea guilty of planning and preparing a terror attack. He was sentenced to prison for 12 years in November 2020.
6013:
1490:
626:
2454:
Southern Cross Hammerskins, Combat 18, and Blood & Honour Australia continued to be active in Australia, and new ones have been founded since 2000.
2043:
2257:
Far-right violent extremist groups have existed in Australia since the early 20th century, but their activities and impact has been minimal. After the
2183:
targeting mainly civilians and non-combatants, performed for its propagandistic and psychological effects on various audiences and conflict parties;...
2565:
this time too, for the second time, authorities disrupted planned terrorism in Australia linked to an individual with an extreme right-wing ideology.
1626:
1376:
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399:
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143:
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The White Army of 1931: Origins and legitimations: The League of National Security in Victoria in 1931, and the means by which it was legitimated
2187:
Researcher Miroslav Mares noted "the line between street violence perpetrated by subcultural networks can quickly blur into terrorist violence".
2636:
Various agencies have reported not paying enough attention to right-wing extremism before the Christchurch massacre. The deputy commissioner of
5640:
2577:
2107:
1849:
1796:
1578:
1286:
1080:
1017:
583:
4204:
4149:
2838:, the Australian national security organisation, was monitoring the group, who were "willing to use violence to further their own interests".
5942:
5279:
5075:
4446:
2653:
2383:
2048:
1621:
173:
158:
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as a target, was convicted after pleading guilty to several firearm manufacture and possession charges. He had manufactured home-made guns,
3973:
2645:
2297:
around 1931 and attracted some former members of the New Guard, but the far right only became a stronger force in the late 1930s, with the
1007:
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884:
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1022:
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148:
5923:
Nilan, Pam (2019). "Far-Right Contestation in Australia: Soldiers of Odin and True Blue Crew". In Peucker, Mario; Smith, Debra (eds.).
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premises" and planned to carry out bombings. Explosive ingredients were found at his home. Galea had links with organisations such as
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294:
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221:
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3666:
Though largely confined to one city, Eric Campbell had succeeded in building the most significant fascist organisation in Australia
3129:
In December 2019 a member of True Blue Crew, Phillip Galea, was convicted of terrorism charges relating to planned bombings of the
1532:
5225:
4006:
3822:
3332:
Concerned citizens reported them to the police, who confronted the group and later collected video evidence from security videos.
3321:
resident said: "There were 40 white males, many with skinheads, some chanting ‘white power’". They were reported to have chanted "
2831:
posters, with graphic images of shooting Jews and homosexuals in the head. One poster called to "Legalise the execution of Jews."
2569:
6008:
4934:
4582:
4097:
3369:
2955:
The group helped to organise a group of about 38 young white men who paraded Nazi symbolism and shouted offensive slogans in the
2140:
6018:
5457:
5422:
3426:
2916:
The National Socialist Network (NSN) was formed by members of the Lads Society and Antipodean Resistance in late 2020. It is a
2782:
2714:
2407:
2243:
1932:
1671:
1602:
1341:
40:
5143:
1510:
4801:
4463:
3720:
3538:
2664:
In March 2021 the first far-right extremist group was added to the list of proscribed terrorist groups, this group being the
2561:
2525:
1430:
1404:
1031:
875:
153:
80:
3583:
3084:
4880:
3823:"The Ustaša in Australia: A Review of Right-Wing Ustaša Terrorism from 1963-1973, and Factors that Enabled their Endurance"
2178:
was agreed after three rounds of consultations among experts in the field. The first of 12 points in his definition states:
5998:
4394:
3507:
2352:
1942:
1545:
1455:
326:
4909:
4838:
3225:
2745:
attacks. After a medical episode, Van Tongeren was released from jail on the condition that he leave Western Australia.
2707:
2392:
1992:
1894:
1781:
1741:
1706:
1450:
1420:
1202:
660:
226:
2688:
organisation that promotes racial equality. The program was established in 2012 and initially called Exit White Power.
4668:
3944:
3289:
2396:
2388:
2344:
2073:
1867:
1522:
1366:
771:
740:
669:
458:
168:
70:
5487:
5722:
4962:"Canada Gazette, Part 2, Volume 155, Number 2: Regulations Amending the Regulations Establishing a List of Entities"
4516:
2983:
On 14 May 2021, Sewell was arrested by counter-terrorism police. He faces a number of charges, including an alleged
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4075:
3512:
3357:
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3233:
3217:
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2100:
1771:
1651:
1485:
1435:
1085:
573:
558:
90:
3861:
2443:
2410:(ANM) broke away from National Action, considering National Action not sufficiently anti-Semitic and embracing of
5553:
3591:
3543:
3431:
3353:
2872:
2866:
2471:
2152:
1961:
1937:
1801:
1736:
1415:
1321:
1271:
1231:
1197:
1187:
1037:
987:
765:
756:
337:
138:
4378:
2799:
Antipodean Resistance (AR) is an Australian neo-Nazi group. Formed in October 2016, the group's flag features a
4961:
3386:. For the majority of counter-terrorism laws, the Department of Home Affairs has policy responsibility and the
2533:
2298:
2164:
1661:
1224:
133:
2131:
based terrorism occurred in Australia during the 1960s and the 1970s, carried out primarily by members of the
1425:
5513:
4179:"Rightwing extremists should be proscribed as 'terrorist organisations' in Australia, Kristina Keneally says"
2363:
in the 1950s introduced far-right sympathisers from Europe into Australia, in particular sympathisers of the
5787:
5749:
4154:
3314:
3155:
2952:, a convicted criminal, an ex-Australian army soldier and neo-Nazi, who is also leader of the Lads Society.
2486:
2063:
1820:
1776:
1631:
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1356:
1311:
1306:
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1111:
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808:
685:
675:
448:
193:
178:
4720:"Neo-Nazi Thomas Sewell's vile act outside court after sentence for assault on Nine Network security guard"
4033:
5331:
4988:"Australia lists neo-Nazi organisation The Base, Lebanese Shia party Hezbollah as terrorist organisations"
4544:
3410:
3382:
3294:
3191:
3119:
2941:
2899:
2770:
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2475:
2290:
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897:
853:
588:
537:
483:
357:
317:
188:
5889:
4860:
4749:"National Socialist Network cross burning in Grampians sparks calls for group to be added to terror list"
2741:
and his family. In August 2004, Van Tongeren and his co-accused Matthew Billing faced the courts for the
5897:
5256:
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3263:
3195:
3163:
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1135:
690:
528:
503:
347:
198:
128:
110:
65:
5280:"From Neo-Nazi to militant: The foreign fighters in Ukraine who Australia's laws won't stop - ABC News"
2769:. However by 1972, attacks in Australia largely ceased following an unprecedented intervention by the
4643:"Ex-head of Australian right-wing group posted anti-Islamic material online in breach of court order"
3285:. He was regarded as a loner of low-intelligence with poor mental health who was easily radicalised.
3198:), was mainly active in the northern suburbs of Sydney and Melbourne, and played a large role in the
3107:
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3035:
3000:
2761:
2665:
2573:
2195:
2003:
1874:
1791:
1716:
1636:
890:
714:
598:
508:
453:
332:
3106:(TBC) is an Australian militant white supremacist group. Members and supporters have been linked to
5336:
3886:
3441:
3213:
3199:
3014:
2597:
2541:
2489:), the threat from far-right violent extremist groups has been increasing. Around 30–40% of ASIO's
2306:
2294:
1947:
1756:
1721:
1587:
1571:
1167:
1090:
1027:
967:
803:
655:
631:
533:
518:
493:
488:
251:
3701:
5948:
5877:
5844:
5458:"Sovereign citizens: Terrorism assessment warns of rising threat from anti-government extremists"
4058:
3878:
3650:
3274:
3237:
2988:
2956:
2804:
2722:
2641:
2537:
2207:
2058:
2053:
1975:
1711:
1686:
1681:
1666:
1517:
1475:
1104:
1042:
746:
736:
700:
430:
3856:
3714:
2457:
Right-wing extremism began to increase around the world from around 2009, partly in response to
17:
5697:"Calls for cross-burning neo-Nazis camped in The Grampians to be classified as terrorist group"
5668:"Adelaide man arrested for allegedly possessing improvised explosive device in far-right raids"
5938:
5836:
5423:"Freemen, Sovereign Citizens, and the Challenge to Public Order in British Heritage Countries"
5071:
5065:
4577:
4539:
4442:
4439:
Control of Violence: Historical and International Perspectives on Violence in Modern Societies
4417:
4039:
3764:
3754:
3692:
3600:
3220:(among other denominations), whose core beliefs may be broadly defined as "see the state as a
3206:
3147:
3115:
3080:
2887:
2734:
2726:
2718:
2677:
2521:
2490:
2439:
2403:
2318:
2289:, and regarded by some as the most successful fascist organisation in Australian history. The
2144:
1839:
1726:
1691:
1656:
1607:
1251:
1192:
1075:
838:
818:
616:
548:
362:
266:
95:
5144:"Bendigo's anti-mosque protest: United Patriots Front nationalist group behind demonstration"
5118:
4617:"The Australian Neo-Nazi movements going bush: Grampians cross burning spurs call for action"
3088:
security licences. The group has been designated a terrorist entity by Canada and Australia.
2494:
each other in online networks. White extremist attacks in the US, UK and Europe inspired the
5930:
5869:
5826:
4865:
4724:
4125:"Victoria police prioritised Isis threat over rightwing extremism until Christchurch attack"
3870:
3724:
3642:
3075:
3018:
2593:
2517:
2286:
2215:
2013:
1888:
1786:
1641:
1561:
833:
695:
387:
352:
241:
100:
3372:, discrimination faced by targeted groups and the prohibition on symbols in other states".
2498:, Brenton Tarrant, and his actions on 15 March 2019 have inspired others around the world.
5815:"Counterterrorism legislation and far-right terrorism in Australia and the United Kingdom"
4070:
3782:
3333:
2967:
2637:
2462:
2302:
2266:
2258:
2211:
2068:
2018:
1746:
1592:
1495:
952:
863:
843:
621:
543:
367:
1505:
5908:
2823:. Antipodean Resistance promotes and incites hatred and violence, as illustrated in its
2652:
The Parliamentary Joint Committee on Intelligence and Security was due to report to the
2367:, a Croatian fascist and ultranationalist organization responsible for partaking in the
1151:
5093:"Far-right Australian terror conviction 'a canary in the coalmine', union leader warns"
4885:
4437:
Heitmeyer, Wilhelm; Haupt, Heinz-Gerhard; Kirschner, Andrea; Malthaner, Stefan (2010).
4258:
3917:
3534:
3349:
3278:
3172:
3103:
3097:
3010:
2898:
criminal Ralph Cerminara, who has a significant criminal record, as an offshoot of the
2685:
2545:
2427:
2219:
1918:
1825:
880:
798:
731:
665:
563:
498:
231:
105:
2974:
in Melbourne's Docklands. The alleged assault took place prior to the broadcast of an
5982:
5952:
5924:
5881:
5857:
5848:
4960:
Government of Canada, Public Works and Government Services Canada (3 February 2021).
4358:
3882:
3686:
3326:
3306:
3270:
3031:
2984:
2960:
2816:
2609:
2600:(France, 2021) and the Proud Boys (Canada, 2021). One of the researchers later named
2557:
2506:
1926:
1646:
1182:
858:
593:
256:
246:
216:
75:
5597:"Right-wing extremist yells to jury after guilty verdict for plotting terror attack"
5956:
5572:
3361:
3050:
3027:
3023:
2971:
2945:
2880:
2842:
2824:
2415:
2356:
2340:
2274:
2155:(AFP) are responsible for responding to far-right terrorist threats in Australia.
1861:
1214:
1209:
1143:
868:
793:
312:
236:
85:
5873:
5014:"'Quite frightening': the far-right fringe of the election campaign is mobilising"
4084:
2608:
as local groups of concern. The latter group has been photographed in disguise at
2544:
relating to the Capitol attack on social media, and the refusal of Prime Minister
5641:"Improvised explosives, extremist material found as two men arrested in Adelaide"
5568:"Victorian extremist Phillip Galea planned to bomb leftwing premises, police say"
3202:. It disbanded in 2006, but was reincarnated as the Eureka Youth League in 2010.
5970:
5934:
3421:
3269:
In 2017 neo-Nazi Michael James Holt, aged 26, who had threatened to carry out a
3221:
3212:
There is some cross-over between the two groups whose adherents call themselves
3111:
2876:
2738:
2529:
2348:
2223:
1981:
1969:
1829:
1676:
1241:
781:
776:
680:
342:
4320:
4233:
3360:
in South Australia. On 2 September 2022, SA Minister for Multicultural Affairs
2717:(ANM), later reborn as the Australian Nationalist Worker's Union (ANWU), was a
2640:
Ross Guenther told a March 2021 police briefing that they had been focusing on
5774:
3945:"'Peddlers of hate': Australian right-wing extremists celebrate Capitol riots"
3874:
2895:
2828:
2548:
to reprimand them was seen as "dangerous" by one expert on violent extremism.
2502:
2419:
2411:
2199:
2128:
1998:
828:
823:
786:
271:
261:
5840:
5831:
5814:
5199:
4828:
4802:"Australian neo-Nazi leader Thomas Sewell charged over alleged armed robbery"
4043:
3696:
3604:
3463:"'Symbols of hate': The lingering afterlife of Croatian fascism in Australia"
2661:
security collaboration and proscribe more of the far-right extremist groups.
4205:"Why aren't Australian authorities banning more far-right extremist groups?"
3768:
3322:
3318:
3282:
3259:
3255:
2917:
2854:
2808:
2658:
2581:
2435:
2368:
2270:
2231:
2124:
2078:
2008:
438:
183:
50:
4776:"Neo-Nazi group leader charged with assault of Channel Nine security guard"
3728:
2883:, and has been involved in making terrorist threats, abusing, stalking and
2364:
2333:
2132:
5616:"Right-wing extremist Phillip Galea jailed for 12 years on terror charges"
3584:"A "Lunatic Fringe"? The Persistence of Right Wing Extremism in Australia"
5306:"A Year On From Christchurch: The Far-Right Threat Is "Real And Growing""
4833:
4505:"White Supremacist Neo-Nazi Propaganda Found on Sydney University Campus"
3345:
2933:
2929:
2921:
2820:
2800:
2617:
2613:
2466:
2458:
2423:
2414:, and ANM members started a campaign which included violent assaults and
2314:
2136:
761:
471:
5543:"White supremacist threatened to shoot up Central Coast shopping centre"
3974:"Listing of neo-Nazi group won't stop the far-right threat to Australia"
3654:
3630:
3397:
also have a range of acts pertaining to terrorist offences, such as the
2309:
was a vocal supporter, who also believed in "a racial interpretation of
5773:
Text may have been copied from this source, which is available under a
5769:
5727:
5360:"Reclaim Australia in Asio's sights, intelligence chief tells senators"
4753:
4083:
Text may have been copied from this source, which is available under a
4079:
3168:
2884:
2310:
2262:
2203:
1986:
813:
751:
5966:"Australia's uncomfortable truth about home grown terror starts small"
5858:"Right-wing extremism in Australia: the rise of the new radical right"
3017:, and it maintains its links to the Atomwaffen Division by e-mail and
4007:"Neo-Nazi groups banned in Canada and Europe set sights on Australia"
3646:
3236:
and the Crazy Whiteboys (a violent anti-Asian, anti-Semitic and anti-
2925:
2891:
2812:
2585:
2278:
848:
5040:"Dutton Turnbull Legitimising Anti Immigrant Vigilantes Say Experts"
4490:"Antipodean Resistance: The Rise and Goals of Australia's New Nazis"
4259:"WA judge aborts alleged neo-Nazi trial over public prejudice fears"
2355:", which controlled governments across the world, including that of
3753:. St Leonards, New South Wales: Allen & Unwin. pp. 93–97.
2920:-based neo-Nazi group that claimed in October 2020 to be active in
4902:"The Base Tapes: Inside a neo-Nazi recruitment drive in Australia"
3356:, concerns were raised about the activities of groups such as the
3043:
2937:
2742:
2730:
2628:
Joint Counter Terrorism Teams are run collaboratively by the AFP,
2589:
2323:
4669:"How neo-Nazis use anti-lockdown protests to recruit new members"
3232:
Other potentially violent groups active in Australia include the
2657:
calls to follow the example of Australia's other partners in the
3380:
Federal laws against terrorism are contained in Part 5.3 of the
3054:
4829:"System Resistance Network: Neo-Nazi group 'should be illegal'"
2359:. This group tried to infiltrate mainstream political parties.
5067:
The Precarious Generation: A Political Economy of Young People
4150:"Inquiry into extremist movements and radicalism in Australia"
3691:. Trends & issues in crime and criminal justice, No. 491.
3297:(SAPOL), counter-terrorism and the Australian Federal Police.
2729:. In 1989, Van Tongeren staged a series of racially motivated
2313:". In 1941, plans to assassinate prominent Australians and to
5332:"Galea in prison, Southern on TV: the state of the far right"
5856:
Dean, Geoff; Bell, Peter; Vakhitova, Zarina (October 2016).
4412:
Brawley, Sean (2009). "Croatian Revolutionary Brotherhood".
3329:, and posted stickers saying "Australia For The White Man".
3009:
being German for "sun war") is a neo-Nazi group that is the
2572:(CARR) in the UK and Hedayah, a research group based in the
3565:
Published under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
3042:), which was linked to various acts of racial violence and
2520:, and experts warned of an increased threat of violence by
3913:"The pro-white gangs spreading race hate across Australia"
2748:
In 2007 the ANM/ANWU was reported to have been disbanded.
2568:
A report published in March 2021, prepared jointly by the
4881:"Australia bans far-right extremist Sonnenkrieg Division"
4340:"Current Issues Brief No 22 2002–03: Crime and Candidacy"
5226:"Visitor makes Nazi salute at former deportation centre"
4573:"ASIO tracking Neo-Nazi group 'willing to use violence'"
3539:"The Revised Academic Consensus Definition of Terrorism"
2509:
was refused a visa to visit Australia in November 2018.
2351:, became active. Butler believed in the existence of a "
2317:
sites in Australia were discovered in the possession of
2147:
have fuelled far-right terrorism in Australia. Both the
27:
Terrorism in Australia motivated by far-right ideologies
5862:
Journal of Policing, Intelligence and Counter Terrorism
5456:
Thomas, James; McGregor, Jeanavive (30 November 2015).
3795:
5091:
Percy, court reporter Karen; staff (5 December 2019).
4414:
Doomed to Repeat? Terrorism and the Lessons of History
3508:"Right-wing extremism has a long history in Australia"
2853:
was one of the organisers of a 2021 group trip to the
4827:
Sanford, Daniel; DeSimone, Daniel (5 December 2018).
3785:
was later referenced by the Christchurch perpetrator.
2592:
in 2011 (proscribed in Canada, 2019; Germany, 2020),
2373:
Genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia
2135:
organisation. However in the 21st century, a rise in
5389:"The seriously weird beliefs of Freemen on the land"
2487:
protests against the building of a mosque in Bendigo
5647:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 8 April 2021
5064:Bessant, Judith; Farthing, Rys; Watts, Rob (2017).
4395:"Notorious anti-Asian hate movement bites the dust"
2783:
groups mentioned in Far-right politics in Australia
4695:"Alarm at neo-Nazi group expansion across country"
4374:
4372:
3857:"The policing of right-wing violence in Australia"
3154:group founded in New Zealand, was involved in the
3049:On 2 March 2021, Australian Home Affairs Minister
2293:, or League of National Security (LNS), formed in
2176:Revised Academic Consensus Definition of Terrorism
3967:
3965:
3501:
3499:
3497:
3495:
3493:
3491:
3489:
3487:
3485:
3483:
2576:, and compiled with the policy assistance of the
2446:harboured ideologies centred on racial identity.
4610:
4608:
4606:
4604:
4602:
4600:
4032:"Australia's security environment and outlook".
3631:"The New Guard and the Labour Movement, 1931-35"
3133:and other left wing organisations in Melbourne.
2512:Australian right-wing extremists celebrated the
2485:Since around 2015 (when far-right groups stoked
4939:Public Safety Canada / Sécurité publique Canada
4747:McKenzie, Nick; Tozer, Joel (28 January 2021).
4615:McKenzie, Nick; Tozer, Joel (27 January 2021).
3171:to join forces fighting alongside the neo-Nazi
2944:as "subhuman and monkeys". They also engage in
2198:is a broad term used to encompass a variety of
2180:
5701:ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)
5690:
5688:
5576:. Australian Associated Press. 31 October 2016
5382:
5380:
4464:"Neo-Nazi Grampians camp used for recruitment"
3118:group, along with a number of small far-right
5914:Australia/Israel & Jewish Affairs Council
4384:. AAP. 7 August 2004. Retrieved 10 March 2015
4000:
3998:
3996:
3994:
3577:
3575:
3573:
3571:
3209:group because of its potential for violence.
2841:Members of the Antipodean Resistance and the
2149:Australian Security Intelligence Organisation
2101:
1112:
407:
295:The Rallying Point: My Story of the New Guard
8:
5174:"Aussies fighting in Ukraine may be charged"
3938:
3936:
3906:
3904:
3902:
3900:
3898:
3896:
3680:
3678:
3676:
3674:
3348:had posted photographs of themselves giving
3083:man, Dean Smith, who ran for parliament for
2570:Centre for the Analysis of the Radical Right
5723:"Neo-Nazis prompt SA parliamentary inquiry"
5416:
5414:
4900:Mann, Alex; Nguyen, Kevin (25 March 2021).
4359:"WA police arrest white supremacist leader"
3688:Violent extremism in Australia: An overview
3224:with no authority over free citizens". The
3146:Right Wing Resistance Australia, an openly
2845:organised the creation of a new group, the
5788:"Terrorism (High Risk Offenders) Act 2017"
5775:Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
5536:
5534:
5278:Rubinsztein-Dunlop, Sean (30 April 2018).
4289:"Skinhead Jailed for Gang Raid on House".
3368:into "neo-Nazi symbols, the activities of
2948:and other racist behaviour. Its leader is
2108:
2094:
1130:
1119:
1105:
937:
476:
425:
414:
400:
31:
5830:
5284:ABC (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)
3641:(89). Liverpool University Press: 55–72.
3624:
3622:
2672:Community Action for Preventing Extremism
5929:. Springer Singapore. pp. 101–125.
4085:Attribution 3.0 Australia (CC BY 3.0 AU)
3399:Terrorism (High Risk Offenders) Act 2017
574:Special-interest / Single-issue
5926:The Far-Right in Contemporary Australia
5464:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation.
5431:International Journal of Cultic Studies
3453:
3437:List of white nationalist organizations
2733:attacks, targeting businesses owned by
1142:
986:
951:
607:
572:
517:
437:
144:Australians Against Further Immigration
39:
5825:. SAGE Publications: 147377952198933.
5695:Darling, Alexander (28 January 2021).
5395:. Australia: Nationwide News Pty Ltd.
4066:
4056:
3685:Harris-Hogan, Shandon (7 March 2017).
2644:owing to the threats by supporters of
922:Charities accused of ties to terrorism
5595:Schelle, Caroline (5 December 2019).
5468:from the original on 30 November 2015
5070:. Taylor & Francis. p. 180.
4552:from the original on 5 September 2017
4013:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation
2963:weekend in January 2021 (see below).
2578:Australian Department of Home Affairs
2384:National Socialist Party of Australia
2347:(a group still in existence), led by
2277:organisation, which emerged from the
2214:, the common components of which are
2049:Forum Against Islamophobia and Racism
7:
5750:"Australia's counter-terrorism laws"
5721:Katsaras, Jason (2 September 2022).
5117:Strømmen, Øyvind (20 October 2015).
4861:"Attack on Channel 9 security guard"
4321:"Racist arsonist released from jail"
2980:report about Sewell's organisation.
5813:Blackbourn, Jessie (3 March 2021).
5512:Hutchinson, Jade (3 October 2018).
5152:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
4914:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
4571:Houghton, Jack (7 September 2017).
4441:. New York: Springer. p. 397.
4365:(Transcript from PM radio program).
4327:(Transcript from PM radio program).
4213:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
3972:Westendorf, Teagan (3 March 2021).
3461:Schneiders, Ben; Fox Koob, Simone.
3395:states and territories of Australia
3390:has administrative responsibility.
2395:emerged, and from the early 1980s,
2380:Australian National Socialist Party
5614:Pearson, Erin (20 November 2020).
5541:Olding, Rachel (28 January 2017).
5330:Fleming, Andy (25 November 2020).
4841:from the original on 3 August 2019
4319:Weber, David (20 September 2002).
3417:Depends What You Mean by Extremist
3177:2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine
3030:" who should be shot for marrying
2758:Croatian Revolutionary Brotherhood
2752:Croatian Revolutionary Brotherhood
2584:, which linked to the shooting of
25:
6014:Anti-Islam sentiment in Australia
5890:"Factsheet: Stormfront Downunder"
5666:McGowan, Michael (8 April 2021).
5358:Lewis, Duncan (19 October 2016).
5304:McSwiney, Jordan (4 March 2020).
5200:"Right Wing Resistance Australia"
4986:Belot, Henry (24 November 2021).
4693:Paynter, Jack (13 October 2020).
4641:Thompson, Angus (20 March 2019).
4503:Faithfull, Eden (20 April 2017).
4462:Martinich, Rex (6 October 2017).
3506:Campion, Kristy (20 March 2019).
2781:NOTE: There is some overlap with
2684:, and run by All Together Now, a
2514:2021 United States Capitol attack
2361:Post-war immigration to Australia
2330:1972 George St bombings in Sydney
5964:Smith, Rohan (8 February 2021).
5768:
5387:Stocken, Shelley (8 July 2016).
4177:Karp, Paul (10 September 2020).
4078:
4005:Besser, Linton (28 March 2021).
2849:, in late 2020, and Lads leader
2803:. The group's logo features the
2727:Peter Joseph "Jack" van Tongeren
2141:White genocide conspiracy theory
2121:Far-right terrorism in Australia
1150:
381:
323:Far-right terrorism in Australia
49:
18:Far-right extremism in Australia
5994:Far-right politics in Australia
5399:from the original on 9 May 2017
5204:Right Wing Resistance Australia
4304:"Anti-Asian Crusader on Dole".
4277:Sentencing of Jack Van Tongeren
4098:"Fighting home grown terrorism"
3943:Kelly, Cait (16 January 2021).
3713:Cathcart, Michael (June 1985).
3427:Far-right politics in Australia
2715:Australian Nationalist Movement
2702:Australian Nationalist Movement
2474:(originally an offshoot of the
2408:Australian Nationalist Movement
2332:, allegedly carried out by the
2244:Far-right politics in Australia
1933:Persecution of Uyghurs in China
1603:Palestinian genocide allegation
6024:White nationalism in Australia
4667:Kelly, Cait (25 August 2021).
4357:David, Weber (6 August 2004).
4338:Holland, Ian (24 March 2003).
3911:White, Alex (7 October 2015).
3751:Blamey: The Commander-in-Chief
3721:Australian National University
3582:Campion, Kristy (April 2019).
3301:Grampians neo-Nazi trip (2021)
2834:In 2017, it was reported that
2760:(HRB) was an Australian-based
2562:COVID-19 pandemic in Australia
2461:(militant movements rooted in
1615:Massacres, torture, expulsion:
1:
5874:10.1080/18335330.2016.1231414
5755:Attorney-General's Department
5119:"Fear, loathing and factions"
4379:"Supremacist leader in court"
4203:Knight, Ben (26 March 2021).
4123:Bucci, Nino (28 March 2021).
3388:Attorney-General's Department
3309:weekend in January 2021, the
2857:in January 2021 (see below).
2353:Zionist Occupation Government
2261:, there was an ex-soldiers'
1672:Cave of the Patriarchs (1994)
327:Christchurch mosque shootings
149:Australian National Socialist
4308:. 12 August 1987. p. 1.
4035:ASIO Annual Report 2019–2020
3862:Police Practice and Research
3226:New South Wales Police Force
2708:Australian Nationalist Party
2668:, bringing the total to 27.
2444:Women of the Southern Legion
2430:, including groups like the
2393:Australian National Alliance
1895:Muslim Massacre (video game)
1816:Almondbury bullying incident
5935:10.1007/978-981-13-8351-9_5
5514:"The 'Right' Kind of Dogma"
5038:Mannix, Liam; Bucci, Nino.
4935:"Currently listed entities"
4416:. New Academia Publishing.
3376:Legislation and enforcement
3290:improvised explosive device
3137:Minor and/or defunct groups
3085:Pauline Hanson's One Nation
2389:National Front of Australia
2345:Australian League of Rights
2143:, and after effects of the
2074:Southern Poverty Law Center
917:Designated terrorist groups
164:Conservative National Party
71:Australian League of Rights
6040:
5796:New South Wales Government
4513:University of Sydney Union
4279:, 20 September 1990, p. 68
4265:. 13 June 1990. p. 3.
3738:– via Open Research.
3358:National Socialist Network
3311:National Socialist Network
3234:Southern Cross Hammerskins
3095:
3064:
3005:The Sonnenkrieg Division (
2998:
2912:National Socialist Network
2909:
2906:National Socialist Network
2890:. The gang was founded in
2864:
2847:National Socialist Network
2792:
2780:
2767:Liberal Party of Australia
2705:
2682:New South Wales Government
2606:National Socialist Network
2432:Southern Cross Hammerskins
2241:
2162:
1086:Anti-terrorism legislation
91:National Socialist Network
5989:Antisemitism in Australia
5554:The Sydney Morning Herald
5421:Kent, Stephen A. (2015).
5123:Hate Speech International
4782:. Melbourne. 3 March 2021
4647:The Sydney Morning Herald
4621:The Sydney Morning Herald
4540:"Hatred on our doorsteps"
4102:Australian Federal Police
3875:10.1080/15614260500121088
3592:Perspectives on Terrorism
3544:Perspectives on Terrorism
3467:The Sydney Morning Herald
3432:Islamophobia in Australia
3354:Adelaide Holocaust Museum
3036:System Resistance Network
2873:Australian Defence League
2867:Australian Defence League
2861:Australian Defence League
2725:group founded and led by
2654:Minister for Home Affairs
2472:Australian Defence League
2153:Australian Federal Police
1938:Xinjiang internment camps
1752:Northern Sri Lanka (1990)
1697:İşkodra and Niş (1877–78)
1081:International conventions
988:State-sponsored terrorism
338:Islamophobia in Australia
139:Australian Defence League
81:Australian Protectionists
5832:10.1177/1473779521989332
5012:Smee, Ben (3 May 2019).
4538:Staff (17 August 2017).
3821:Campion, Kristy (2018).
3150:group affiliated to the
3074:is an American neo-Nazi
2706:Not to be confused with
2299:Australia First Movement
2165:Definitions of terrorism
1772:Sabra and Shatila (1982)
944:Violent non-state actors
159:Confederate Action Party
134:Australia First Movement
6009:Neo-Nazism in Australia
5819:Common Law World Review
5758:. Australian Government
5252:"Right Wing Resistance"
4346:(Current Issues Brief).
4344:Parliament of Australia
4155:Parliament of Australia
3749:—— (1998).
3315:Grampians National Park
3156:Bendigo mosque protests
3038:(one of the aliases of
2524:since the onset of the
2382:(re-constituted as the
2064:Muslim American Society
1821:Bendigo mosque protests
1782:Sétif and Guelma (1945)
1598:Pacification of Algeria
1237:Muslim immigration bans
686:Clandestine cell system
179:Nationalist Alternative
6019:Terrorism in Australia
5364:The Guardian Australia
5230:VRT NWS: Flanders News
4545:Australian Jewish News
4468:The Stawell Times-News
3729:10.25911/5d74e695b15b4
3629:Moore, Andrew (2005).
3411:Australian nationalism
3383:Criminal Code Act 1995
3364:said there would be a
3340:South Australia (2022)
3295:South Australia Police
3273:attack and considered
3192:Patriotic Youth League
2942:Indigenous Australians
2900:English Defence League
2771:Australian Labor Party
2476:English Defence League
2378:In the 1960s came the
2336:
2185:
1857:Haridwar hate speeches
854:Propaganda of the deed
358:White Australia policy
318:Anti-Chinese sentiment
189:Q Society of Australia
5909:"Far-Right Extremism"
5898:Georgetown University
5257:Australia First Party
3366:Parliamentary inquiry
3325:" and "white power",
3264:United Patriots Front
3196:Australia First Party
3164:Australia First Party
3152:Right Wing Resistance
3142:Right Wing Resistance
3131:Victorian Trades Hall
3124:United Patriots Front
3067:The Base (hate group)
3013:-based branch of the
2811:(skull head) with an
2795:Antipodean Resistance
2789:Antipodean Resistance
2602:Antipodean Resistance
2480:Right Wing Resistance
2327:
2242:Further information:
2163:Further information:
2039:Amnesty International
1993:Politically Incorrect
1845:Flying imams incident
1070:Response to terrorism
691:Leaderless resistance
348:Politics of Australia
199:Yellow Vest Australia
129:Antipodean Resistance
123:Defunct organisations
111:United Patriots Front
5999:Right-wing terrorism
5900:. 19 November 2019.
3921:. News International
3887:Taylor & Francis
3108:right-wing terrorism
3001:Sonnenkrieg Division
2995:Sonnenkrieg Division
2875:(ADL) is a neo-Nazi
2666:Sonnenkrieg Division
2624:Countering extremism
2574:United Arab Emirates
2496:Christchurch shooter
2482:(from New Zealand).
2301:, who believed in a
2285:in 1931, during the
2196:Right-wing extremism
2191:Right-wing extremism
1875:Innocence of Muslims
1647:Big Excursion (1989)
1179:Conspiracy theories
509:Right-wing/Far-right
388:Australia portal
333:Fascism in Australia
60:Active organisations
4910:Background Briefing
4519:on 5 September 2017
4306:The West Australian
4291:The West Australian
3442:Racism in Australia
3214:Freemen on the Land
3200:2005 Cronulla riots
3122:groups such as the
3015:Atomwaffen Division
2762:Croatian separatist
2680:, an agency of the
2630:state and territory
2598:Generation Identity
2542:conspiracy theories
2307:Alexander Rud Mills
2248:Ustaše in Australia
1948:Trojan Horse affair
1900:Quran desecrations
1627:Albanians (1912–13)
1410:Attacks on mosques:
1091:Terrorism insurance
892:Rockets and mortars
632:Resistance movement
35:Part of a series on
5232:. 23 November 2019
4585:on 29 October 2018
4275:Judge D. Hammond,
4263:The Canberra Times
3855:James, S. (2005).
3275:Westfield Tuggerah
3238:African Australian
3218:Sovereign Citizens
3205:ASIO monitors the
3081:Western Australian
2888:Muslim Australians
2723:extreme right-wing
2719:Western Australian
2642:Islamist extremism
2538:George Christensen
2522:white supremacists
2440:Blood & Honour
2337:
2319:Western Australian
2208:national socialism
2059:Islamophobia Watch
2054:Human Rights Watch
1976:FrontPage Magazine
1717:Kulen Vakuf (1941)
1687:Guangzhou (878–79)
1652:Bossemptélé (2014)
1622:Abu Ghraib (2000s)
1579:Chechen and Ingush
1377:Conservative Party
1287:Bosnia–Herzegovina
737:Aircraft hijacking
494:Left-wing/Far-left
174:National Socialist
41:Far-right politics
6004:Fascist movements
5944:978-981-13-8350-2
5894:Bridge Initiative
5154:. 12 October 2015
5077:978-1-317-28917-3
4966:www.gazette.gc.ca
4941:. 3 February 2018
4728:. 23 January 2023
4578:The Northern Star
4448:978-1-4419-0382-2
4038:. 29 March 2021.
3802:. 7 February 2009
3420:, a 2017 book by
3344:After a group of
3317:in Victoria. One
3207:Reclaim Australia
3148:white supremacist
3116:Reclaim Australia
2735:Asian Australians
2678:Multicultural NSW
2556:In its 2019–2020
2552:Current situation
2528:. Two government
2526:COVID-19 pandemic
2491:counter-terrorism
2404:drive-by shooting
2328:Aftermath of the
2145:COVID-19 pandemic
2118:
2117:
1943:Swiss minaret ban
1722:Kafr Qasim (1956)
1677:Granada (1482–92)
1541:California (2001)
1265:Status by country
1252:Quran desecration
1193:Great Replacement
1168:Airport profiling
1129:
1128:
1076:Counter-terrorism
1061:
1060:
819:Individual terror
640:
639:
617:Violent extremism
424:
423:
363:White nationalism
194:Rise Up Australia
96:Reclaim Australia
16:(Redirected from
6031:
5975:
5960:
5919:
5904:
5885:
5852:
5834:
5800:
5799:
5784:
5778:
5772:
5767:
5765:
5763:
5746:
5740:
5739:
5737:
5735:
5718:
5712:
5711:
5709:
5707:
5692:
5683:
5682:
5680:
5678:
5663:
5657:
5656:
5654:
5652:
5637:
5631:
5630:
5628:
5626:
5611:
5605:
5604:
5592:
5586:
5585:
5583:
5581:
5564:
5558:
5557:
5551:
5549:
5538:
5529:
5528:
5526:
5524:
5509:
5503:
5502:
5500:
5498:
5484:
5478:
5477:
5475:
5473:
5453:
5447:
5446:
5444:
5442:
5427:
5418:
5409:
5408:
5406:
5404:
5384:
5375:
5374:
5372:
5370:
5355:
5349:
5348:
5346:
5344:
5327:
5321:
5320:
5318:
5316:
5301:
5295:
5294:
5292:
5290:
5275:
5269:
5268:
5266:
5264:
5248:
5242:
5241:
5239:
5237:
5222:
5216:
5215:
5213:
5211:
5206:. 18 August 2011
5196:
5190:
5189:
5187:
5185:
5170:
5164:
5163:
5161:
5159:
5140:
5134:
5133:
5131:
5129:
5114:
5108:
5107:
5105:
5103:
5088:
5082:
5081:
5061:
5055:
5054:
5052:
5050:
5035:
5029:
5028:
5026:
5024:
5009:
5003:
5002:
5000:
4998:
4983:
4977:
4976:
4974:
4972:
4957:
4951:
4950:
4948:
4946:
4931:
4925:
4924:
4922:
4920:
4897:
4891:
4890:
4889:. 22 March 2021.
4877:
4871:
4870:
4866:Queensland Times
4857:
4851:
4850:
4848:
4846:
4824:
4818:
4817:
4815:
4813:
4798:
4792:
4791:
4789:
4787:
4772:
4766:
4765:
4763:
4761:
4744:
4738:
4737:
4735:
4733:
4725:Kalgoorlie Miner
4716:
4710:
4709:
4707:
4705:
4690:
4684:
4683:
4681:
4679:
4664:
4658:
4657:
4655:
4653:
4638:
4632:
4631:
4629:
4627:
4612:
4595:
4594:
4592:
4590:
4581:. Archived from
4568:
4562:
4561:
4559:
4557:
4535:
4529:
4528:
4526:
4524:
4515:. Archived from
4500:
4494:
4493:
4485:
4479:
4478:
4476:
4474:
4459:
4453:
4452:
4434:
4428:
4427:
4409:
4403:
4402:
4391:
4385:
4376:
4367:
4366:
4354:
4348:
4347:
4335:
4329:
4328:
4316:
4310:
4309:
4301:
4295:
4294:
4286:
4280:
4273:
4267:
4266:
4255:
4249:
4248:
4246:
4244:
4230:
4224:
4223:
4221:
4219:
4200:
4194:
4193:
4191:
4189:
4174:
4168:
4167:
4165:
4163:
4146:
4140:
4139:
4137:
4135:
4120:
4114:
4113:
4111:
4109:
4094:
4088:
4082:
4074:
4068:
4064:
4062:
4054:
4052:
4050:
4029:
4023:
4022:
4020:
4018:
4002:
3989:
3988:
3986:
3984:
3969:
3960:
3959:
3957:
3955:
3940:
3931:
3930:
3928:
3926:
3908:
3891:
3890:
3852:
3846:
3845:
3843:
3841:
3827:
3818:
3812:
3811:
3809:
3807:
3792:
3786:
3779:
3773:
3772:
3746:
3740:
3739:
3737:
3735:
3710:
3704:
3700:
3682:
3669:
3668:
3663:
3661:
3647:10.2307/27516075
3626:
3617:
3615:
3613:
3611:
3588:
3579:
3566:
3564:
3558:
3556:
3531:
3525:
3524:
3522:
3520:
3513:The Conversation
3503:
3478:
3477:
3475:
3473:
3458:
3370:extremist groups
3076:white separatist
3019:online chat room
2977:A Current Affair
2959:region over the
2765:by ASIO and the
2692:Extremist groups
2596:(Canada, 2019),
2594:Blood and Honour
2518:Washington, D.C.
2287:Great Depression
2273:, a short-lived
2216:authoritarianism
2110:
2103:
2096:
2014:Brussels Journal
1889:Kathua rape case
1809:Other incidents:
1802:Walisongo (2000)
1767:Sri Lanka (2018)
1712:Karantina (1976)
1707:Jerusalem (1099)
1567:Ethnic cleansing
1537:Planned attacks
1225:Karnataka, India
1154:
1131:
1121:
1114:
1107:
938:
911:Terrorist groups
893:
627:Militia movement
594:Green/Ecological
499:Narcotics-driven
477:
426:
416:
409:
402:
386:
385:
384:
353:Ultranationalism
101:Soldiers of Odin
53:
32:
21:
6039:
6038:
6034:
6033:
6032:
6030:
6029:
6028:
5979:
5978:
5963:
5945:
5922:
5918:. 9 March 2021.
5907:
5888:
5855:
5812:
5809:
5807:Further reading
5804:
5803:
5792:NSW Legislation
5786:
5785:
5781:
5761:
5759:
5748:
5747:
5743:
5733:
5731:
5720:
5719:
5715:
5705:
5703:
5694:
5693:
5686:
5676:
5674:
5665:
5664:
5660:
5650:
5648:
5639:
5638:
5634:
5624:
5622:
5613:
5612:
5608:
5594:
5593:
5589:
5579:
5577:
5566:
5565:
5561:
5547:
5545:
5540:
5539:
5532:
5522:
5520:
5511:
5510:
5506:
5496:
5494:
5488:"U R Australia"
5486:
5485:
5481:
5471:
5469:
5455:
5454:
5450:
5440:
5438:
5425:
5420:
5419:
5412:
5402:
5400:
5386:
5385:
5378:
5368:
5366:
5357:
5356:
5352:
5342:
5340:
5329:
5328:
5324:
5314:
5312:
5303:
5302:
5298:
5288:
5286:
5277:
5276:
5272:
5262:
5260:
5250:
5249:
5245:
5235:
5233:
5224:
5223:
5219:
5209:
5207:
5198:
5197:
5193:
5183:
5181:
5172:
5171:
5167:
5157:
5155:
5142:
5141:
5137:
5127:
5125:
5116:
5115:
5111:
5101:
5099:
5090:
5089:
5085:
5078:
5063:
5062:
5058:
5048:
5046:
5037:
5036:
5032:
5022:
5020:
5011:
5010:
5006:
4996:
4994:
4985:
4984:
4980:
4970:
4968:
4959:
4958:
4954:
4944:
4942:
4933:
4932:
4928:
4918:
4916:
4899:
4898:
4894:
4879:
4878:
4874:
4869:. 2 March 2021.
4859:
4858:
4854:
4844:
4842:
4826:
4825:
4821:
4811:
4809:
4800:
4799:
4795:
4785:
4783:
4774:
4773:
4769:
4759:
4757:
4746:
4745:
4741:
4731:
4729:
4718:
4717:
4713:
4703:
4701:
4692:
4691:
4687:
4677:
4675:
4666:
4665:
4661:
4651:
4649:
4640:
4639:
4635:
4625:
4623:
4614:
4613:
4598:
4588:
4586:
4570:
4569:
4565:
4555:
4553:
4537:
4536:
4532:
4522:
4520:
4502:
4501:
4497:
4488:Nathan, Julie.
4487:
4486:
4482:
4472:
4470:
4461:
4460:
4456:
4449:
4436:
4435:
4431:
4424:
4411:
4410:
4406:
4393:
4392:
4388:
4377:
4370:
4356:
4355:
4351:
4337:
4336:
4332:
4318:
4317:
4313:
4303:
4302:
4298:
4293:. 13 July 1989.
4288:
4287:
4283:
4274:
4270:
4257:
4256:
4252:
4242:
4240:
4232:
4231:
4227:
4217:
4215:
4202:
4201:
4197:
4187:
4185:
4176:
4175:
4171:
4161:
4159:
4158:. 14 March 2021
4148:
4147:
4143:
4133:
4131:
4122:
4121:
4117:
4107:
4105:
4104:. 11 April 2016
4096:
4095:
4091:
4065:
4055:
4048:
4046:
4031:
4030:
4026:
4016:
4014:
4004:
4003:
3992:
3982:
3980:
3971:
3970:
3963:
3953:
3951:
3942:
3941:
3934:
3924:
3922:
3910:
3909:
3894:
3854:
3853:
3849:
3839:
3837:
3825:
3820:
3819:
3815:
3805:
3803:
3794:
3793:
3789:
3783:Norse mythology
3780:
3776:
3761:
3748:
3747:
3743:
3733:
3731:
3712:
3711:
3707:
3684:
3683:
3672:
3659:
3657:
3628:
3627:
3620:
3609:
3607:
3586:
3581:
3580:
3569:
3554:
3552:
3537:(16 May 2012).
3535:Schmid, Alex P.
3533:
3532:
3528:
3518:
3516:
3505:
3504:
3481:
3471:
3469:
3460:
3459:
3455:
3450:
3407:
3378:
3350:fascist salutes
3342:
3334:Victoria Police
3303:
3279:knuckle dusters
3252:
3247:
3194:(a wing of the
3188:
3144:
3139:
3100:
3094:
3069:
3063:
3040:National Action
3003:
2997:
2968:Victoria Police
2966:In March 2021,
2914:
2908:
2869:
2863:
2829:anti-homosexual
2797:
2791:
2786:
2779:
2754:
2711:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2674:
2638:Victoria Police
2626:
2554:
2501:Founder of the
2463:political Islam
2452:
2406:. In 1984, the
2397:National Action
2303:white Australia
2267:New South Wales
2259:First World War
2255:
2250:
2240:
2212:white supremacy
2193:
2172:
2167:
2161:
2151:(ASIO) and the
2114:
2085:
2084:
2083:
2069:Muslims Condemn
2033:
2025:
2024:
2023:
2019:Gates of Vienna
1964:
1954:
1953:
1952:
1882:Jyllands-Posten
1806:
1797:Spain (1500–26)
1777:Šahovići (1924)
1737:Moriscos (1609)
1702:Japan (1937–45)
1692:Harmanli (1878)
1657:Bukovica (1943)
1637:Ayyadieh (1191)
1612:
1552:
1407:
1397:
1396:
1395:
1266:
1258:
1257:
1256:
1162:
1125:
1096:
1095:
1071:
1063:
1062:
1057:
982:
953:State terrorism
935:
927:
926:
912:
904:
903:
902:
898:Vehicle-ramming
891:
726:
724:
707:
706:
705:
650:
642:
641:
636:
622:Ethnic violence
603:
568:
513:
474:
463:
420:
382:
380:
373:
372:
368:White supremacy
308:
300:
299:
285:
277:
276:
212:
204:
203:
169:National Action
124:
116:
115:
66:Australia First
61:
42:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6037:
6035:
6027:
6026:
6021:
6016:
6011:
6006:
6001:
5996:
5991:
5981:
5980:
5977:
5976:
5961:
5943:
5920:
5905:
5886:
5868:(2): 121–142.
5853:
5808:
5805:
5802:
5801:
5779:
5741:
5713:
5684:
5658:
5632:
5606:
5587:
5559:
5530:
5504:
5479:
5448:
5410:
5376:
5350:
5322:
5296:
5270:
5243:
5217:
5191:
5165:
5135:
5109:
5083:
5076:
5056:
5030:
5004:
4978:
4952:
4926:
4892:
4886:Deutsche Welle
4872:
4852:
4819:
4793:
4767:
4739:
4711:
4685:
4659:
4633:
4596:
4563:
4530:
4495:
4480:
4454:
4447:
4429:
4422:
4404:
4401:. 28 May 2007.
4386:
4368:
4349:
4330:
4311:
4296:
4281:
4268:
4250:
4225:
4195:
4169:
4141:
4115:
4089:
4067:|website=
4024:
3990:
3978:The Strategist
3961:
3932:
3918:The Herald Sun
3892:
3869:(2): 103–119.
3847:
3813:
3787:
3774:
3759:
3741:
3705:
3670:
3635:Labour History
3618:
3567:
3526:
3479:
3452:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3413:
3406:
3403:
3377:
3374:
3341:
3338:
3302:
3299:
3262:(C18) and the
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3187:
3184:
3173:Azov Battalion
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3104:True Blue Crew
3098:True Blue Crew
3096:Main article:
3093:
3092:True Blue Crew
3090:
3065:Main article:
3062:
3059:
3011:United Kingdom
2999:Main article:
2996:
2993:
2910:Main article:
2907:
2904:
2879:. The gang is
2865:Main article:
2862:
2859:
2793:Main article:
2790:
2787:
2778:
2775:
2753:
2750:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2686:not-for-profit
2673:
2670:
2625:
2622:
2553:
2550:
2546:Scott Morrison
2451:
2448:
2428:counterculture
2254:
2251:
2239:
2236:
2220:anti-democracy
2192:
2189:
2174:Schmid's 2011
2171:
2168:
2160:
2157:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2112:
2105:
2098:
2090:
2087:
2086:
2082:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2035:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2027:
2026:
2022:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1972:
1966:
1965:
1960:
1959:
1956:
1955:
1951:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1923:
1922:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1898:
1891:
1886:
1878:
1871:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1853:
1852:
1842:
1840:Erklärung 2018
1837:
1832:
1826:Bulli Bai case
1823:
1818:
1812:
1805:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1787:Shadian (1975)
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1742:Myanmar (2015)
1739:
1734:
1729:
1727:Lasithi (1897)
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1682:Gujarat (2002)
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1642:Baghdad (1258)
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1618:
1611:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1583:Crimean Tatars
1576:
1575:
1574:
1569:
1558:
1551:
1550:
1549:
1548:
1543:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1514:
1513:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1412:
1408:
1403:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1394:
1393:
1392:
1391:
1381:
1380:
1379:
1372:United Kingdom
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1264:
1263:
1260:
1259:
1255:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1228:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1207:
1206:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1177:
1176:
1175:
1164:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1147:
1146:
1140:
1139:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1123:
1116:
1109:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1059:
1058:
1056:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
994:
991:
990:
984:
983:
981:
980:
975:
970:
965:
959:
956:
955:
949:
948:
947:
946:
936:
933:
932:
929:
928:
925:
924:
919:
913:
910:
909:
906:
905:
901:
900:
895:
888:
881:Suicide attack
878:
873:
872:
871:
866:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
816:
814:Hostage-taking
811:
806:
801:
799:Cyberterrorism
796:
791:
790:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
759:
749:
744:
734:
732:Agro-terrorism
728:
727:
723:
722:
719:
715:
713:
712:
709:
708:
704:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
666:Radicalization
663:
658:
652:
651:
648:
647:
644:
643:
638:
637:
635:
634:
629:
624:
619:
613:
610:
609:
608:Related topics
605:
604:
602:
601:
596:
591:
586:
580:
577:
576:
570:
569:
567:
566:
561:
556:
553:Salafi-Wahhabi
546:
541:
531:
525:
522:
521:
515:
514:
512:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
480:
475:
469:
468:
465:
464:
462:
461:
456:
451:
445:
442:
441:
435:
434:
422:
421:
419:
418:
411:
404:
396:
393:
392:
391:
390:
375:
374:
371:
370:
365:
360:
355:
350:
345:
340:
335:
330:
320:
315:
309:
307:Related topics
306:
305:
302:
301:
298:
297:
292:
286:
283:
282:
279:
278:
275:
274:
269:
264:
259:
254:
249:
244:
239:
234:
229:
224:
219:
213:
210:
209:
206:
205:
202:
201:
196:
191:
186:
181:
176:
171:
166:
161:
156:
151:
146:
141:
136:
131:
125:
122:
121:
118:
117:
114:
113:
108:
106:True Blue Crew
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
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4808:. 14 May 2021
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1183:Counter-jihad
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5957:ResearchGate
5955:– via
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5861:
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5818:
5791:
5782:
5760:. Retrieved
5753:
5744:
5732:. Retrieved
5726:
5716:
5704:. Retrieved
5700:
5675:. Retrieved
5672:The Guardian
5671:
5661:
5649:. Retrieved
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