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461:"On the evening of the same day, our sorry column was marched through the streets of Richmond from the depot of the Virginia Central Railroad to the Libby Prison. The gloomy and forbidding exterior of the prison, and the pale, emaciated faces starring vacantly at us through the bars were repulsive enough, but it was at least a haven of the rest from the weary fast-march, and from the goad of the urging bayonet. Had we known that we were entering this loathsome prison-house not to leave it again for many, many weary days and months, more than one heart would have grown faint with a mournful presentiment, for there were among us some who were doomed never to recross its threshold as living men."
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531:"Although discovered but a few years since, already enjoys a world-wide reputation. At the present day no visitor to Cuba fails to repair to that wondrous subterranean palace, unrivalled, perhaps, in the grandeur of its stalactite masses and the exquisite detail of its starry decorations. Easy of access from Havana by railway, and commodiously and safely prepared for the reception of visitors, it fully repays one for a day's absence from the busy scenes of the capital."
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508:(1868–78). Together with his brother Adolfo, who had resigned from his appointment as consul to Cienfuegos, Federico joined the insurgents. He was named General for the District of Trinidad, commander-in-chief of the Cinco Villas. On January 5, 1869, Fernández Cavada established the "Logia Luz del Sur" (Southern Light Lodge) in Trinidad, which was used as an active recruiting center for insurgents.
551:, planned an armed invasion on the western coast of Cuba. The Cuban Liberation Army approved a resolution to permit Fernández Cavada to travel to the United States. He intended to seek support among his military contacts for the cause of Cuban independence. He traveled to "Cayo Cruz" in the northern coast of Camagüey to wait for his transportation; but he was captured by the Spanish gunboat
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Federico's eldest brother Emilio remained in
Philadelphia, where he was an active fundraiser for the Cuban insurrection. He relayed the news which he received from his brothers to the exiled strategists and other Cuban exiles in Philadelphia and New York. The funds he raised were funneled together
372:
Fernández Cavada's artistic talents became evident because of his writings, sketches and paintings. Because of his artistic talents, he was assigned to the Hot Air
Balloon unit of the Union Army. From the air he sketched what he observed of the enemy movements. On April 19, 1862, Fernández Cavada
456:"It was a beautiful country through which we had just passed, but it had presented no charms to weary eyes that were compelled to view it through a line of hostile bayonets; we felt but little sympathy for the beautiful; on our haggard countenances only this was written: 'Give us rest, and food.'
284:
After the war, Fernández Cavada was appointed by the United States government as consul to Cuba. When the insurrection began against
Spanish rule, he resigned his commission and joined the insurgents. His brother was also serving there and resigned his commission, joining the war. Federico was
764:
427:. He was released from prison in 1864, as part of a prisoner of war exchange between the Union and Confederate Forces. Returning to his unit, Fernández Cavada returned to his unit and continued to serve until April 1865.
580:
On
February 24, 1929, a monument honoring the memory of those who participated in the Ten Years' War and who were executed by Spanish firing squads was erected on Finley Avenue in the town of Nuevitas located in the
511:
On April 4, 1870, Fernández Cavada was named commander-in-chief of all the Cuban forces. He became known as "General
Candela" (General Fire) because of his battle tactic of burning and destroying Spanish property.
418:
near the wheat field where the bloodiest part of the Battle of
Gettysburg, occurred on the second day of the encounter. Although Barksdale's troops were defeated, Colonel Fernández Cavada was captured and sent to
571:, his military compatriots in the United States, attempted in vain to obtain his release. Fernández Cavada was executed on July 1, 1871. His last words were "Adios Cuba, para siempre" (Goodbye Cuba, forever).
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383:"I have pulled through many a march, I have been in many a battle, I have seen the bomb-shell burst, I have heard the grapeshot rattle! With the bravest, in the strife, I have nobly risked my life."
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592:
also honored his memory. A modern medical poli-clinic named "Policlínico-Facultad "Federico Fernández Cavada" located in the section of La
Horquita in Cienfuegos, was named in his honor.
312:
There, the young widow met and married Samuel Dutton. Together, the family resided at 222 Spruce Street. Fernández Cavada received his primary and secondary education at
Philadelphia's
277:
for Union officers in
Richmond, Virginia. Released in 1864, that year he published a book that told of the cruel treatment that he had received in the Confederate prison. His brother
1021:
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447:(1865), recounting the cruel treatment which he and other prisoners received in the Confederate prison. The work included his drawings of the prison and life there.
504:
The friendship inspired Fernández Cavada to resign his position as consul upon the Cuban insurrection against
Spanish rule, a conflict that became known as Cuba's
908:
399:. During the Battle of Gettysburg, a number of the regiment fell into the enemy's hands, including Fernández Cavada; he was succeeded by Major Edward R. Bowen.
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commissioned as a general. Cuban authorities eventually commissioned him as the commander-in-chief of all the Cuban forces during what became the island's
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585:. Among the men who were honored besides Fernández Cavada were Francisco Muñoz Rubalcaba, José Inclán Risco, Oscar de Céspedes and Antonio Luaces.
258:. From the air he sketched what he observed of enemy positions and movements. On April 19, 1862, Fernández Cavada sketched enemy positions from
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Fernando Fernández-Cavada Collection, 1846-1976 | University of Miami Cuban Heritage Collection, By María R. Estorino, May 2001
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In 1871, Fernández Cavada took charge of the military division in Camagüey and, together with fellow rebel
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from Puerto Principe. Tried by the Spanish authorities, he was sentenced to die by firing squad. Generals
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905:"Fortalezas para la educación de valores en el Nuevo Programa De Formación de Médicos Latinoamericanos"
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Fernández Cavada wrote an article about the beauty of the Caves of Bellamar, located near the town of
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309:. After his father's death in 1838, Emily Gatier returned to Philadelphia with her sons.
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Sketch made by Col. Federico Fernandez Cavada from Thaddeus Lowe's Constitution balloon.
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The Latino Experience in U.S. History"; publisher: Globe Pearson; pages 155-157;
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In the introduction to the book, he wrote, in pages 19 and 20, the following:
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sketched enemy positions from Thaddeus Lowe's Constitution balloon during the
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and a diplomat, as well as commander-in-chief of all the Cuban forces during
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in November 1870. He describes the Caves of Bellamar in the following way:
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Vol 41, Issue 246, November 1870, pp. 826-834, Harper & Bros. New York.
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803:"The Cubans who fought at Gettysburg"; By Pedro J. Saavedra; 13 August 1997
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LIBBY LIFE: Experiences of A Prisoner of War in Richmond, Virginia, 1863-64
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Upon the outbreak of the American Civil War, both Federico and his brother
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in 1871 and taken to Puerto Principe. He was transferred to the town of
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in Virginia. That year Fernández Cavada wrote a poem in which he said:
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After the war, Fernández Cavada was appointed United States consul at
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238:(July 8, 1831 – July 1, 1871) was an officer in the
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Fernández Cavada's awards and decorations include the following:
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336:, a regiment of the Union Forces. Federico was transferred to the
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with arms and munitions to the insurgent forces in the island.
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At the rank of lieutenant colonel, he was captured during the
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in the northern coast of Cuba. The article was published in
254:. Because of his artistic talents, he was assigned to the
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General Federico Fernandez Cavada, "The cave of Bellamar"
765:""Otra Vez nos sorprende el General Candela" (Spanish)"
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balloon during the Peninsular Campaign in Virginia.
395:On August 29, 1862, he was promoted to the rank of
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477:Federico's brother Capt. Adolfo Fernández Cavada
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406:regiment was engaged in battle against General
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297:Fernández Cavada was one of three sons born in
31: and the second or maternal family name is
485:. Fernández Cavada met and befriended General
439:"LIBBY LIFE" by Col. Federico Fernández Cavada
281:also served as an officer in the Union Army.
8:
344:, which participated in such battles as the
933:Works by or about Federico Fernández Cavada
1022:19th-century executions of American people
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443:Fernández Cavada published a book titled
414:troops, known as Barksdale's Brigade, at
1002:People executed by Spain by firing squad
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789:114th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers
256:Hot Air Balloon Unit of the Union Army
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338:114th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment
185:114th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment
972:American Civil War prisoners of war
657:Hispanics in the American Civil War
497:who had served as a general in the
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334:23rd Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment
469:Commander in Cuba's Ten Years' War
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63:General Candela (General Fire)
16:Union Army officer (1831–1871)
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880:"Valor Patrimonial (Spanish)"
614:Army Civil War Campaign Medal
522:Harper's New Monthly Magazine
997:People of the Ten Years' War
23:, the first or paternal
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1017:Executed military leaders
977:Cuban non-fiction writers
649:American Civil War portal
491:Carlos Manuel de Céspedes
346:Second Battle of Bull Run
236:Federico Fernández Cavada
200:Second Battle of Bull Run
174:Lieutenant Colonel (U.S.)
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42:Federico Fernández Cavada
1032:Male non-fiction writers
1007:Executed revolutionaries
350:Battle of Fredericksburg
332:joined the Philadelphia
293:Early life and education
210:Battle of Fredericksburg
94:July 1st, 1871 (aged 39)
732:April 13, 2014, at the
662:Adolfo Fernández Cavada
330:Adolfo Fernández Cavada
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597:Awards and decorations
590:Province of Cienfuegos
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402:On July 2, 1863, the
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583:Province of Camagüey
391:Battle of Gettysburg
354:Battle of Gettysburg
271:Battle of Gettysburg
215:Battle of Gettysburg
967:Union Army officers
561:George Gordon Meade
342:Army of the Potomac
314:Central High School
176:Army General (Cuba)
982:Cuban male writers
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425:Richmond, Virginia
404:114th Pennsylvania
397:lieutenant colonel
375:Peninsula Campaign
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324:American Civil War
289:for independence.
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195:American Civil War
851:Harper's Magazine
408:William Barksdale
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21:Spanish name
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952:1831 births
412:Mississippi
242:during the
161:(1868-1871)
149:(1861–1865)
60:Nickname(s)
946:Categories
915:2011-05-22
890:2011-05-22
836:2011-05-22
814:Libby Life
775:2011-05-19
676:References
240:Union Army
147:Union Army
107:Allegiance
75:1831-07-08
29:Fernández
730:Archived
621:See also
557:Nuevitas
517:Matanzas
360:Sketches
352:and the
181:Commands
134:Service/
99:, Cuba,
19:In this
935:at the
826:"Enero"
553:Neptuno
73: (
25:surname
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575:Legacy
348:, the
136:branch
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33:Cavada
668:Notes
539:Death
695:ISBN
588:The
567:and
248:Cuba
166:Rank
128:Cuba
91:Died
68:Born
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