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561:, having various attributes of another reality intended to appeal to readers. Dystopian fiction offers the opposite: the portrayal of a setting that completely disagrees with the author's ethos. Some novels combine both genres, often as a metaphor for the different directions humanity can take depending on its choices, ending up with one of two possible futures. Both
1477:, however, utopian science fiction became exceptionally prominent among Soviet leaders. Many citizens of the Soviet Russia became dependent on this type of literature because it represented an escape from the real world which was not ideal at the time. Utopian science fiction allowed them to fantasize about how satisfactory it would be to live in a "perfect" world.
774:
or oppression. Most authors of dystopian fiction explore at least one reason why things are that way, often as an analogy for similar issues in the real world. Dystopian literature serves to "provide fresh perspectives on problematic social and political practices that might otherwise be taken for
1118:
and
Western technology is threatened by the "invasion" of oil companies. As another example, in the "Unwanteds" series by Lisa McMann, a paradox occurs where the outcasts from a complete dystopia are treated to absolute utopia. They believe that those who were privileged in said dystopia were the
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Many works combine elements of both utopias and dystopias. Typically, an observer from our world will journey to another place or time and see one society the author considers ideal and another representing the worst possible outcome. Usually, the point is that our choices may lead to a better or
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Among the first decades of the 20th century in Russia, utopian science fiction literature popularity rose extremely due to the fact that the citizens wanted to fantasize about the future instead of just the fact that it was a new, up and coming genre of literature. During the
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Modern dystopian fiction draws not only on topics such as totalitarian governments and anarchism, but also pollution, global warming, climate change, health, the economy and technology. Modern dystopian themes are common in the young adult (YA) genre of literature.
1413:, where "the poisonous binary gender" has died off. In speculative fiction, female-only worlds have been imagined to come about by the action of disease that wipes out men, along with the development of a technological or mystical method that allows female
1274:
There are a few dystopias that have an "anti-ecological" theme. These are often characterized by a government that is overprotective of nature or a society that has lost most modern technology and struggles for survival. A fine example of this is the novel
1220:(1986) posits a future in which overpopulation, pollution, climate change, and resulting superstorms, have led to a popular mass-suicide political movement. Some other examples of ecological dystopias are depictions of Earth in the films
576:
More than 400 utopian works in the
English language were published prior to the year 1900, with more than a thousand others appearing during the 20th century. This increase is partially associated with the rise in popularity of
1033:
are "the great defining texts of the genre of dystopian fiction, both in vividness of their engagement with real-world social and political issues and in the scope of their critique of the societies on which they focus."
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started as a parody of utopian fiction, and projected into the year 2540 industrial and social changes he perceived in 1931, leading to industrial success by a coercively persuaded population divided into five castes.
1469:, to leave France in 1848, and travel to the United States to start a series of utopian settlements in Texas, Illinois, Iowa, California, and elsewhere. These groups lived in communal settings and lasted until 1898.
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can be seen as a dystopia because of the way sick people are punished as criminals while thieves are "cured" in hospitals, which the inhabitants of
Erewhon see as natural and right, i.e., utopian (as mocked in
1417:. The resulting society is often shown to be utopian by feminist writers. Many influential feminist utopias of this sort were written in the 1970s; the most often studied examples include Joanna Russ's
1047:(1895) is also widely seen as a prototype of dystopian literature. Wells' work draws on the social structure of the 19th century, providing a critique of the British class structure at the time. Post
3161:
1180:, the author posits either a utopian or dystopian world revolving around environmental conservation or destruction. Danny Bloom coined the term "cli-fi" in 2006, with a Twitter boost from
890:
is set in a future
England that has a subculture of extreme youth violence, and details the protagonist's experiences with the state intent on changing his character at their whim.
1433:. Such worlds have been portrayed most often by lesbian or feminist authors; their use of female-only worlds allows the exploration of female independence and freedom from
1051:, even more dystopian fiction was produced. These works of fiction were interwoven with political commentary: the end of World War II brought about fears of an impending
1235:
While eco-dystopias are more common, a small number of works depicting what might be called eco-utopia, or eco-utopian trends, have also been influential. These include
1144:
is also sometimes linked with both utopian and dystopian literatures, because it shares the general preoccupation with ideas of good and bad societies. Of the countries
1006:. Until the late 20th century, it was usually anti-collectivist. Dystopian fiction emerged as a response to the utopian. Its early history is traced in Gregory Claeys'
1350:
660:. As the title suggests, the work presents an ambiguous and ironic projection of the ideal state. The whimsical nature of the text can be confirmed by the narrator of
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In another literary model, the imagined society journeys between elements of utopia and dystopia over the course of the novel or film. At the beginning of
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contrasted an eco-dystopia with an eco-utopia and a sort of middling-future. Robinson has also edited an anthology of short ecotopian fiction, called
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Dystopian escapism sells. Appealing to dark instincts, gnawing insecurities, and socio-political disturbance, dystopian eschatology appeals to fear.
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593:, such as technology, climate change, and growing human population. Some of these trends have created distinct subgenres such as ecotopian fiction,
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1354:(1980) suggests that men's and women's values are inherent to the sexes and cannot be changed, making a compromise between them essential. In
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is a society characterized by a focus on that which is contrary to the author's ethos, such as mass poverty, public mistrust and suspicion, a
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Mantel's
Cromwell, despite his keen appreciation of literature and love of Petrarch, completely misses the ironic and ambiguous structure of
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1362:, gender exists but is dependent upon age rather than sex — genderless children mature into women, some of whom eventually become men.
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or single-sex societies have long been one of the primary ways to explore implications of gender and gender-differences. One solution to
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which focuses on the aftermath of society after a major flooding event, and can be seen through both a utopian and dystopian lens.
914:(1979) describes a similar totalitarian scenario, but depicting the participation of teenage boys in a deadly contest. Examples of
173:
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there is no time-travelling observer. However, her ideal society is invaded by a neighbouring power embodying evil repression. In
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1208:), were popular in the 1970s, reflecting the widespread concern with the effects of overpopulation on the environment. The novel
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that use of speculative fiction to explore gender roles has been more common in the United States than in Europe and elsewhere.
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2050:"Engaging "Apolitical" Adolescents: Analyzing the Popularity and Educational Potential of Dystopian Literature Post-9/11"
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portrays a post-apocalyptic future in which society is entirely based on logic and modeled after mechanical systems.
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1132:, the world is described as a utopia. However, as the book progresses, the world's dystopian aspects are revealed.
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Utopias have explored the ramification of gender being either a societal construct or a hard-wired imperative. In
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that explore social and political structures. Utopian fiction portrays a setting that agrees with the author's
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Dystopias usually extrapolate elements of contemporary society, and thus can be read as political warnings.
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1441:(1915) by Charlotte Perkins Gilman is a famous early example of a sexless society. Charlene Ball writes in
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s second book, Raphael
Hythloday. The Greek root of the name "Hythloday" suggests an 'expert in nonsense'.
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contrasts the present with an envisioned idealized society (separated from the present by time or space),
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Utopias imagined by male authors have generally included equality between sexes rather than separation.
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keeps human biology, but removes pregnancy and childbirth from the gender equation by resorting to
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in feminist utopian fiction is to remove men, either showing isolated all-female societies as in
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985:
723:; Butler inverts illness and crime, with punishment for the former and treatment for the latter.
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is set in a totalitarian world state where a drug is used to control the individual's thoughts.
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695:(1623), which describes a modern utopian society built on equality. Other examples include
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2097:"Utopia, Dystopia or Anti-utopia? Gulliver's Travels and the Utopian Mode of Discourse"
1419:
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806:
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338:
133:
88:
1833:"The Ministry of Truth by Dorian Lynskey review – what inspired Orwell's masterpiece?"
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more generally, but also larger scale social change that brought awareness of larger
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2485:
Archaeologies of the future: the Desire Called Utopia and Other
Science Fictions.
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of "nowhere" as its title. This, like much of utopian literature, can be seen as
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The history of dystopian literature can be traced back to the reaction to the
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118:
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108:
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which addresses many utopian varieties defined by their program or impulse.
276:
81:
4370:
2587:, BBC Radio 4 discussion with John Carey, Steve Connor & Laura Marcus (
2551:
1766:. Eugene, Oregon: Wipf and Stock Publishers (published 2020). p. 153.
1249:
has written several books dealing with environmental themes, including the
2065:
775:
granted or considered natural and inevitable". Some dystopias claim to be
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4797:
4792:
4671:
4616:
4549:
4506:
4271:
4260:
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2920:
2736:
2499:
Worlds Apart: Dualism and
Transgression in Contemporary Female Dystopias.
1474:
1466:
1437:. The societies may not necessarily be lesbian, or sexual at all —
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980:
791:
767:
747:
566:
550:
333:
323:
153:
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128:
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1879:
Critical foundations in young adult literature : challenging genres
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4051:
3746:
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2403:
2387:
1976:
The
Dystopian Impulse in Modern Literature: Fiction as Social Criticism
1013:
The beginning of technological dystopian fiction can be traced back to
796:
785:
776:
726:
One example of the utopian genre's meaning and purpose is described in
716:
711:
657:
93:
1912:"E. M. Forster's 'The Machine Stops': humans, technology and dialogue"
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5115:
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4583:
4342:
2790:
1290:
1222:
960:
720:
611:
562:
440:
42:
2492:
Daring to Dream: Utopian
Fiction by United States Women Before 1950.
900:(1985) describes a future United States governed by a totalitarian
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4890:
4868:
4621:
4606:
2873:
2746:
2600:
1327:
presents women as not only at least the equals of men but also as
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approach a utopia; the others have significant dystopian aspects.
672:
653:
558:
2562:
681:, in which he outlines what he sees as the ideal society and its
27:
Genres of literature that explore social and political structures
5110:
4905:
4266:
183:
4161:
2604:
2457:
Narrating Utopia: Ideology, Gender, Form in Utopian Literature.
2422:
Literature and Utopian Politics in Seventeenth-Century England.
1405:, or societies where men have died out or been replaced, as in
597:, young adult dystopian novels, and feminist dystopian novels.
2471:
Dystopian Fiction East and West: Universe of Terror and Trial.
2165:"Future Visions: Today's Politics: Feminist Utopias in Review"
1376:
while allowing both women and men the nurturing experience of
1315:
offers a comprehensive critique of present values/conditions,
972:
often include dystopias as well; notable examples include the
845:, a state at perpetual war, its population controlled through
2360:"Travels In Icaria Utopianism And Communitarianism Paperback"
1188:, but the theme has existed for decades. Novels dealing with
918:
dystopian fiction include (notably all published after 2000)
4157:
1881:. Rotterdam, The Netherlands: Sense Publishers. p. 71.
2388:"Soviet Science Fiction and the Ideology of Soviet Society"
1763:
Look Around: A Christian Faith for the Twenty-First Century
2302:, "Science Fiction and Fantasy", p.1189, CRC Press, 2006,
1543:"Apocalyptic Literature". Bloomsbury Publishing Ltd. 1993.
1760:
Sinclair, George R. (8 July 2020). "World Without End?".
1910:
Zimmermann, Ana Cristina; Morgan, W. John (2019-03-01).
1538:
1536:
2537:, 2nd ed., Warsaw, Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy, 1972.
2597:, discusses current popularity of the dystopian genre.
1002:
of 1789 and the prospect that mob rule would produce
2167:. In Baruch, Elaine Hoffman; Rohrlich, Ruby (eds.).
1673:
Claeys, Gregory; Sargent, Lyman Tower, eds. (1999).
1037:
Another important figure in dystopian literature is
1021:." M Keith Booker states that "The Machine Stops,"
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4757:
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3003:
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2514:"Themes in Utopian Fiction in English Before Wells"
2198:"A Look at Feminist Utopia and Dystopia Literature"
2169:
Women in Search of Utopia: Mavericks and Mythmakers
1582:"Themes in Utopian Fiction in English Before Wells"
1245:, an important 20th century example of this genre.
857:set the tone for an all-pervasive self-censorship.
2443:Dystopian Literature: A Theory and Research Guide.
1108:, in many ways a counterpoint to his better-known
1329:the sole arbiters of their reproductive functions
2431:Lincoln, NE, University of Nebraska Press, 1991.
1677:. New York: New York University Press. pp.
1351:The Marriages Between Zones Three, Four and Five
2017:"Why is dystopia so appealing to young adults?"
2494:Syracuse, NY, Syracuse University Press, 1995.
2221:
2219:
2217:
4173:
2616:
2291:
2289:
1956:Caporaletti, Silvana. "Science as Nightmare:
1739:. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. p. 19.
527:
8:
2459:Liverpool, Liverpool University Press, 1999.
2424:Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2002.
1605:Curtright, Travis, ed. (10 September 2015).
702:The History of Rasselas, Prince of Abissinia
2436:The Dystopian Impulse in Modern Literature.
1607:Thomas More : why patron of statesmen?
1265:. Another impactful piece of Robinson's is
4180:
4166:
4158:
3608:
3433:
3113:
2947:
2707:
2623:
2609:
2601:
2317:
2315:
1737:The Dystopian Impulse in Modern Literature
667:An earlier example of a Utopian work from
534:
520:
29:
2466:London, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1955.
2112:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1323:as a major cause of present social ills,
1307:, "A feminist utopian novel is one which
689:was influenced by Plato's work and wrote
2452:. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2017.
2349:, "Momutes", Robin Anne Reid, p.102 ISBN
1609:. Lanham: Lexington Books. p. 174.
652:("good place"). More's book, written in
573:and other types of speculative fiction.
1532:
384:
314:
245:
192:
57:
41:
4851:Types of fiction with multiple endings
3367:Writers and Illustrators of the Future
2512:Sargent, Lyman Tower (November 1976).
2232:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p.
1807:"100 Great Works of Dystopian Fiction"
1580:Sargent, Lyman Tower (November 1976).
1557:
1546:
2473:Montreal, McGill-Queen's Press, 2001.
2255:
2253:
1649:. The Floating Press. pp. 1–39.
7:
2480:Metuchen, NJ, Scarecrow Press, 1994.
2445:Westport, CT, Greenwood Press, 1994.
2438:Westport, CT, Greenwood Press, 1994.
1801:
1799:
1797:
1795:
1793:
1668:
1666:
630:was first used in direct context by
2557:The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction
2171:. New York: Shoken Books. pp.
1411:A Few Things I Know About Whileaway
1262:Future Primitive: The New Ecotopias
841:(published in 1949), a novel about
2575:Portal for Dystopian related Media
2262:Decoding gender in science fiction
1867:Karin Boye-sällskapet (in Swedish)
1114:, the fusion of the best parts of
904:, where women have no rights, and
809:literature may portray dystopias.
25:
5254:Third-person omniscient narrative
2300:Encyclopedia of Erotic Literature
1714:. New York: Verso. pp. 1–9.
1465:caused a group of followers, the
1010:(Oxford University Press, 2017).
4140:
4131:
4130:
2715:Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic
2114:10.5325/utopianstudies.18.3.0425
1877:Garcia, Antero (November 2013).
1374:assisted reproductive technology
1299:and the overlapping category of
656:, sets out a vision of an ideal
49:
2563:The Society for Utopian Studies
2504:Tod, Ian, and Michael Wheeler.
2501:Jefferson, NC, McFarland, 2005.
2163:Gearhart, Sally Miller (1984).
644:resembles both the Greek words
4642:Conflict between good and evil
4092:Science and technology studies
1186:climate change-related fiction
1068:worse potential future world.
1:
2478:Utopian/Dystopian Literature.
1253:. Most notably, however, his
1078:fulfills this model, as does
1055:and a consequent apocalypse.
984:, and the later games of the
547:Utopian and dystopian fiction
2229:Women's studies encyclopedia
1831:Taylor, D. J. (2019-05-22).
1645:Campanella, Tommaso (1623).
1495:List of dystopian literature
1443:Women's Studies Encyclopedia
1415:parthenogenetic reproduction
994:History of dystopian fiction
754:List of dystopian literature
3636:Space stations and habitats
2450:Dystopia: A Natural History
2015:Young, Moira (2011-10-22).
1712:Archaeologies of the Future
1008:Dystopia: A Natural History
5516:
2152:"Margaret Atwood - Twitter
1594:(3): 275–82, see p. 275–6.
1510:List of utopian literature
1303:. According to the author
1288:
1169:
1163:
751:
745:
732:Archeologies of the Future
618:List of utopian literature
615:
609:
294:Third International Theory
5281:Stream of unconsciousness
4812:Falling action/Catastasis
4125:
4082:Museum of Science Fiction
4027:Christian science fiction
3991:Self-replicating machines
2950:
2710:
2535:Twórczość Bolesława Prusa
2386:Refail, Nudelman (1989).
1928:10.1007/s00146-017-0698-3
1865:Framtidsromanen Kallocain
1735:Booker, Keith M. (1994).
1710:Jameson, Fredric (2005).
1369:Woman on the Edge of Time
1256:Three Californias Trilogy
1085:Woman on the Edge of Time
4649:Self-fulfilling prophecy
2260:Attebery, Brian (2002).
1974:Booker, M Keith (1994).
1505:List of dystopian comics
1397:Charlotte Perkins Gilman
1301:feminist science fiction
758:List of dystopian comics
622:Category:Utopian fiction
5276:Stream of consciousness
4739:Suspension of disbelief
3960:Artificial intelligence
3858:Simulated consciousness
2519:Science Fiction Studies
2490:Kessler, Carol Farley.
2392:Science Fiction Studies
2264:. New York: Routledge.
2226:Tierney, Helen (1999).
2095:Houston, Chlöe (2007).
2054:The High School Journal
1587:Science Fiction Studies
1500:List of dystopian films
1430:The Holdfast Chronicles
762:List of dystopian films
454:Communities by country
5490:Science fiction themes
5485:Science fiction genres
4817:Denouement/Catastrophe
4798:Rising action/Epitasis
4112:Technology and society
2980:Science Fiction Museum
2048:Ames, Melissa (2013).
1556:Cite journal requires
1515:Social science fiction
1360:Elisabeth Mann Borgese
1291:Utopia § Feminism
1095:The Fifth Sacred Thing
1017:'s (1879–1970) "
715:(1872), which uses an
569:are commonly found in
289:Real utopian sociology
58:Mythical and religious
5163:Utopian and dystopian
3711:Organ transplantation
2970:Libraries and museums
2891:Cyberpunk derivatives
2845:Utopian and dystopian
2427:Bartkowski, Frances.
2347:The Utopian Fantastic
2323:The Utopian Fantastic
2298:& John Phillips,
2066:10.1353/hsj.2013.0023
1305:Sally Miller Gearhart
1199:Make Room! Make Room!
746:Further information:
610:Further information:
421:Intentional community
364:Post-scarcity economy
4717:Narrative techniques
4497:Story within a story
4309:Supporting character
4062:Fictional technology
4057:Fictional astronauts
3914:Frankenstein complex
2531:Szweykowski, Zygmunt
2508:London, Orbis, 1978.
2487:London, Verso, 2005.
1385:single-gender worlds
1295:Another subgenre is
1247:Kim Stanley Robinson
838:Nineteen Eighty-Four
238:Dystopian literature
5500:Speculative fiction
5422:Political narrative
5264:Unreliable narrator
5121:Speculative fiction
4829:Nonlinear narrative
4777:Three-act structure
4637:Deal with the Devil
4102:Speculative fiction
3696:Genetic engineering
2483:Jameson, Fredric.
2420:Applebaum, Robert.
2345:Martha A. Bartter,
2321:Martha A. Bartter,
1960:by E. M. Forster."
1647:The City of the Sun
1489:The City of the Sun
1152:and Country of the
1116:Buddhist philosophy
897:The Handmaid's Tale
692:The City of the Sun
669:classical antiquity
583:young adult fiction
300:Utopia for Realists
256:Communitas perfecta
229:Gulliver's Travels
203:Ideology and Utopia
72:City of the Caesars
5400:Narrative paradigm
5395:Narrative identity
5325:Dominant narrative
5271:Multiple narrators
4555:Fictional location
4398:Dramatic structure
3929:Message from space
3894:Ancient astronauts
3782:Parallel universes
3757:Extrasolar planets
3664:Biological warfare
2786:Parallel universes
2668:Scientific romance
2595:The Dystopia genre
2568:2014-05-30 at the
2441:Booker, M. Keith.
2434:Booker, M. Keith.
2406:– via JSTOR.
2196:Napikoski, Linda.
1991:"The Time Machine"
1978:. Greenwood Press.
1964:8.2 (1997): 32-47.
1425:Suzy McKee Charnas
1184:in 2011, to cover
1141:Gulliver's Travels
1075:Always Coming Home
887:A Clockwork Orange
831:was influenced by
687:Tommaso Campanella
648:("no place"), and
104:Garden of the gods
5475:Dystopian fiction
5462:
5461:
5405:Narrative therapy
4839:television series
4784:Freytag's Pyramid
4627:Moral development
4530:Alternate history
4240:False protagonist
4155:
4154:
4047:Alternate history
4035:
4034:
3996:Simulated reality
3726:Sex and sexuality
3679:Extraterrestrials
3598:
3597:
3425:
3424:
3421:
3420:
3162:Campbell Memorial
2939:
2938:
2808:Planetary romance
2585:Modernist Utopias
2476:Haschak, Paul G.
2469:Gottlieb, Erika.
2462:Gerber, Richard.
2448:Claeys, Gregory.
2429:Feminist Utopias.
2271:978-1-317-97147-4
2243:978-0-313-31073-7
1958:The Machine Stops
1888:978-94-6209-398-0
1675:The utopia reader
1656:978-1-775410-51-5
1616:978-1-4985-2227-4
1462:Travels in Icaria
1389:gender oppression
1341:Golden Witchbreed
1321:male institutions
1237:Ernest Callenbach
1202:(made into movie
1178:ecotopian fiction
1160:Ecotopian fiction
1070:Ursula K. Le Guin
1019:The Machine Stops
1000:French Revolution
941:The Power of Five
742:Dystopian fiction
634:in his 1516 work
544:
543:
376:Utopian socialism
262:Communist society
77:Cloud cuckoo land
16:(Redirected from
5507:
5385:Literary science
4928:Narrative poetry
4824:Linear narrative
4734:Stylistic device
4729:Show, don't tell
4692:Figure of speech
4482:Shaggy dog story
4225:Characterization
4182:
4175:
4168:
4159:
4144:
4134:
4133:
3972:Astroengineering
3904:Evil corporation
3631:Matrioshka brain
3609:
3548:List of TV shows
3434:
3114:
2948:
2818:Sword and planet
2708:
2625:
2618:
2611:
2602:
2591:, Mar. 10, 2005)
2580:Dystopia Tracker
2527:
2464:Utopian Fantasy.
2408:
2407:
2383:
2377:
2376:
2374:
2373:
2367:tyboomakbook.org
2364:
2356:
2350:
2343:
2337:
2319:
2310:
2293:
2284:
2283:
2257:
2248:
2247:
2223:
2212:
2211:
2209:
2208:
2193:
2187:
2186:
2160:
2154:
2149:
2143:
2142:
2116:
2092:
2086:
2085:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2035:
2012:
2006:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1986:
1980:
1979:
1971:
1965:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1916:AI & Society
1907:
1901:
1900:
1874:
1868:
1863:Davidson, Bengt
1861:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1851:
1828:
1822:
1821:
1819:
1818:
1803:
1788:
1787:
1782:
1780:
1757:
1751:
1750:
1732:
1726:
1725:
1707:
1701:
1700:
1670:
1661:
1660:
1642:
1636:
1635:
1602:
1596:
1595:
1577:
1566:
1565:
1559:
1554:
1552:
1544:
1540:
1520:Utopian language
1297:feminist utopias
1285:Feminist utopias
1214:Whitley Strieber
1044:The Time Machine
966:Scott Westerfeld
946:Anthony Horowitz
921:The Hunger Games
855:Two Minutes Hate
825:Yevgeny Zamyatin
683:political system
536:
529:
522:
359:Cyber-utopianism
174:Most Great Peace
53:
30:
21:
5515:
5514:
5510:
5509:
5508:
5506:
5505:
5504:
5480:Utopian fiction
5465:
5464:
5463:
5458:
5390:Literary theory
5330:Fiction writing
5313:
5285:
5220:
4972:
4964:
4855:
4753:
4658:
4593:
4516:
4387:Deus ex machina
4328:
4314:Title character
4299:Stock character
4245:Focal character
4191:
4186:
4156:
4151:
4150:
4121:
4097:Sense of wonder
4031:
4015:
3948:
3944:Xenoarchaeology
3919:Galactic empire
3874:Africanfuturism
3862:
3831:
3735:
3650:
3594:
3534:
3513:
3477:
3417:
3376:
3139:
3133:
3105:
2999:
2935:
2885:
2862:Techno-thriller
2830:Climate fiction
2798:Science fantasy
2752:Anime and manga
2699:
2658:Anthropological
2634:
2632:Science fiction
2629:
2570:Wayback Machine
2544:
2511:
2497:Mohr, Dunja M.
2417:
2412:
2411:
2385:
2384:
2380:
2371:
2369:
2362:
2358:
2357:
2353:
2344:
2340:
2327:Robin Anne Reid
2320:
2313:
2296:Gaétan Brulotte
2294:
2287:
2272:
2259:
2258:
2251:
2244:
2225:
2224:
2215:
2206:
2204:
2195:
2194:
2190:
2183:
2162:
2161:
2157:
2150:
2146:
2101:Utopian Studies
2094:
2093:
2089:
2047:
2046:
2042:
2033:
2031:
2014:
2013:
2009:
1999:
1997:
1989:Marcus, Laura.
1988:
1987:
1983:
1973:
1972:
1968:
1962:Utopian studies
1955:
1951:
1909:
1908:
1904:
1889:
1876:
1875:
1871:
1862:
1858:
1849:
1847:
1830:
1829:
1825:
1816:
1814:
1805:
1804:
1791:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1759:
1758:
1754:
1747:
1734:
1733:
1729:
1722:
1709:
1708:
1704:
1689:
1672:
1671:
1664:
1657:
1644:
1643:
1639:
1617:
1604:
1603:
1599:
1579:
1578:
1569:
1555:
1545:
1542:
1541:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1483:
1454:
1452:Cultural impact
1293:
1287:
1182:Margaret Atwood
1174:
1168:
1166:Climate fiction
1162:
1146:Lemuel Gulliver
1111:Brave New World
1065:
1053:Third World War
1030:Brave New World
996:
951:The Maze Runner
926:Suzanne Collins
892:Margaret Atwood
882:Anthony Burgess
864:Brave New World
817:The 1921 novel
815:
764:
750:
744:
728:Fredric Jameson
624:
614:
608:
606:Utopian fiction
603:
595:climate fiction
579:science fiction
571:science fiction
555:science fiction
540:
511:
480:Associationists
426:Atarashiki-mura
380:
329:Agriculturalism
310:
306:Utopian studies
234:
188:
99:Fortunate Isles
28:
23:
22:
18:Feminist utopia
15:
12:
11:
5:
5513:
5511:
5503:
5502:
5497:
5492:
5487:
5482:
5477:
5467:
5466:
5460:
5459:
5457:
5456:
5454:Verisimilitude
5451:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5435:
5434:
5424:
5419:
5418:
5417:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5392:
5387:
5382:
5381:
5380:
5370:
5369:
5368:
5359:
5357:Parallel novel
5354:
5353:
5352:
5347:
5342:
5327:
5321:
5319:
5315:
5314:
5312:
5311:
5306:
5301:
5295:
5293:
5287:
5286:
5284:
5283:
5278:
5273:
5268:
5267:
5266:
5261:
5256:
5246:
5241:
5236:
5230:
5228:
5222:
5221:
5219:
5218:
5217:
5216:
5211:
5201:
5200:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5178:
5177:
5172:
5171:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5150:
5145:
5140:
5139:
5138:
5128:
5118:
5113:
5108:
5107:
5106:
5101:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4999:Action fiction
4991:
4986:
4980:
4978:
4966:
4965:
4963:
4962:
4957:
4952:
4947:
4942:
4937:
4936:
4935:
4925:
4920:
4915:
4914:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4883:
4878:
4871:
4865:
4863:
4857:
4856:
4854:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4842:
4841:
4836:
4826:
4821:
4820:
4819:
4814:
4809:
4800:
4795:
4781:
4780:
4779:
4774:
4763:
4761:
4755:
4754:
4752:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4725:
4724:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4668:
4666:
4660:
4659:
4657:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4645:
4644:
4639:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4603:
4601:
4595:
4594:
4592:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4580:
4579:
4578:
4577:
4567:
4562:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4526:
4524:
4518:
4517:
4515:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4477:Self-insertion
4474:
4469:
4464:
4462:Poetic justice
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4432:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4362:
4361:
4351:
4346:
4338:
4336:
4330:
4329:
4327:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4285:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4264:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4220:Character flaw
4217:
4212:
4207:
4201:
4199:
4193:
4192:
4187:
4185:
4184:
4177:
4170:
4162:
4153:
4152:
4149:
4148:
4138:
4127:
4126:
4123:
4122:
4120:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4087:Rubber science
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4067:Future history
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4043:
4041:
4037:
4036:
4033:
4032:
4030:
4029:
4023:
4021:
4017:
4016:
4014:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3968:
3967:
3956:
3954:
3950:
3949:
3947:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3889:Alien language
3886:
3884:Alien invasion
3881:
3876:
3870:
3868:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3848:Mind uploading
3845:
3839:
3837:
3833:
3832:
3830:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3743:
3741:
3737:
3736:
3734:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3706:Nanotechnology
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3687:
3686:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3660:
3658:
3652:
3651:
3649:
3648:
3643:
3641:Stellar engine
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3617:
3615:
3606:
3600:
3599:
3596:
3595:
3593:
3592:
3587:
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3555:
3550:
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3536:
3535:
3533:
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3527:
3521:
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3515:
3514:
3512:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3485:
3483:
3479:
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3476:
3475:
3474:
3473:
3468:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3442:
3440:
3431:
3427:
3426:
3423:
3422:
3419:
3418:
3416:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3384:
3382:
3378:
3377:
3375:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3143:
3141:
3138:Literary, art,
3135:
3134:
3132:
3131:
3126:
3120:
3118:
3111:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
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2455:Ferns, Chris.
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1194:Harry Harrison
1190:overpopulation
1161:
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1136:Jonathan Swift
1119:unlucky ones.
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872:'s 1940 novel
861:'s 1932 novel
853:and the daily
835:when he wrote
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2335:0-313-31635-X
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911:The Long Walk
907:
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883:
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859:Aldous Huxley
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826:
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409:Pirate utopia
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5444:Storytelling
5259:Subjectivity
5249:Third-person
5239:First-person
5162:
4873:
4682:Comic relief
4434:
4427:
4418:Flashforward
4385:
4359:Origin story
4341:
4304:Straight man
4259:
4107:Supernatural
3879:Afrofuturism
3792:Space travel
3701:Invisibility
3669:Energy being
3646:Terraforming
3626:Dyson sphere
3621:Colonization
3553:Australasian
3446:Film history
3227:Grand Master
2844:
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2555:
2534:
2526:(3): 275–82.
2523:
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2415:Bibliography
2395:
2391:
2381:
2370:. Retrieved
2366:
2354:
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2322:
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2261:
2228:
2205:. Retrieved
2201:
2191:
2168:
2158:
2147:
2104:
2100:
2090:
2057:
2053:
2043:
2032:. Retrieved
2021:The Guardian
2020:
2010:
1998:. Retrieved
1994:
1984:
1975:
1969:
1961:
1957:
1952:
1922:(1): 37–45.
1919:
1915:
1905:
1878:
1872:
1859:
1848:. Retrieved
1837:The Guardian
1836:
1826:
1815:. Retrieved
1813:. 2017-08-03
1810:
1784:
1777:. Retrieved
1762:
1755:
1736:
1730:
1711:
1705:
1674:
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1640:
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1600:
1591:
1585:
1549:cite journal
1487:
1471:
1460:
1455:
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1428:
1418:
1410:
1400:
1382:
1367:
1364:Marge Piercy
1355:
1349:
1339:
1333:
1324:
1319:sees men or
1316:
1312:
1308:
1296:
1294:
1276:
1273:
1266:
1260:
1254:
1251:Mars trilogy
1240:
1234:
1228:
1221:
1210:Nature's End
1209:
1203:
1197:
1177:
1175:
1139:
1134:
1123:
1121:
1109:
1103:
1093:
1083:
1080:Marge Piercy
1073:
1066:
1063:Combinations
1057:
1049:World War II
1042:
1036:
1028:
1022:
1012:
1007:
1004:dictatorship
997:
986:
979:
974:
959:
949:
939:
930:
919:
909:
906:Stephen King
895:
886:
880:
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832:
819:
816:
805:
802:
795:
784:
772:police state
765:
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731:
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710:
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690:
678:The Republic
676:
666:
661:
649:
645:
641:
635:
627:
625:
575:
546:
545:
404:Open borders
394:Architecture
298:
284:Pantisocracy
254:
227:
220:
215:The Republic
213:
201:
5495:Film genres
5449:Tellability
5415:Metafiction
5410:Narratology
5182:Theological
5074:Pop culture
4955:Short story
4933:Epic poetry
4654:Time travel
4467:Red herring
4452:Plot device
4423:Frame story
4376:Cliffhanger
4319:Tritagonist
4294:Protagonist
3965:AI takeover
3812:Time travel
3772:Inertialess
3762:Force field
3752:Black holes
3721:Prosthetics
3583:Live-action
3352:Translation
3347:Tour-Apollo
3222:Golden Duck
3124:Jules Verne
2990:Women in SF
2955:Conventions
2840:Libertarian
2803:Dying Earth
2774:Space opera
2742:Inner space
2653:Definitions
2589:In Our Time
2060:(1): 3–20.
2000:11 December
1407:Joanna Russ
1336:Mary Gentle
1150:Brobdingnag
970:Video games
916:young-adult
851:Big Brother
705:(1759) and
640:. The word
632:Thomas More
490:Lindisfarne
446:Sustainable
431:Egalitarian
267:Heterotopia
124:Great Unity
5469:Categories
5335:Continuity
5204:Nonfiction
5168:Underwater
5064:Picaresque
5039:Historical
5024:Epistolary
4896:Fairy tale
4807:Peripeteia
4789:Exposition
4545:Dreamworld
4487:Stereotype
4457:Plot twist
4205:Antagonist
4001:Spacecraft
3977:Holography
3843:Group mind
3822:Warp drive
3777:Multiverse
3767:Hyperspace
3656:Biological
3540:Television
3504:Publishers
3482:Literature
3381:Multimedia
3297:Prometheus
3232:Grand Prix
3147:Astounding
3011:Australian
2916:Dieselpunk
2881:Underwater
2680:Golden Age
2372:2018-11-15
2207:2019-01-16
2182:0805239006
2034:2020-06-03
1995:Britannica
1850:2020-06-03
1817:2020-06-03
1527:References
1435:patriarchy
1358:(1961) by
1289:See also:
1192:, such as
1170:See also:
1164:See also:
1154:Houyhnhnms
1130:Lois Lowry
1039:H.G. Wells
964:series by
958:, and the
954:series by
944:series by
934:series by
924:series by
870:Karin Boye
847:propaganda
752:See also:
616:See also:
495:Millennium
272:Ideal city
193:Literature
164:Mezzoramia
144:Libertatia
119:Satya Yuga
114:Golden Age
109:Shangri-La
5226:Narration
5175:Superhero
5099:Chivalric
5084:Religious
5069:Political
5004:Adventure
4989:Biography
4911:Tall tale
4759:Structure
4744:Symbolism
4712:Narration
4612:Leitmotif
4540:Crossover
4535:Backstory
4492:Story arc
4442:MacGuffin
4413:Flashback
4354:Backstory
4230:Confidant
4210:Archenemy
4197:Character
4189:Narrative
4020:Religious
3731:Symbiosis
3716:Parasites
3674:Evolution
3494:Magazines
3471:Tokusatsu
3252:Kitschies
3182:Deutscher
3140:and audio
3117:Cinematic
3071:Norwegian
3061:Hungarian
3021:Brazilian
2931:Steampunk
2926:Solarpunk
2899:Cyberpunk
2869:Tokusatsu
2852:Tech noir
2835:Christian
2813:Superhero
2704:Subgenres
2548:Dystopias
2398:: 38–66.
2280:868068199
2202:ThoughtCo
2139:190000042
2123:1045-991X
2082:145131295
2029:0261-3077
1936:1435-5655
1897:863698575
1845:0261-3077
1779:15 August
1625:920466356
1366:'s novel
1172:Solarpunk
1125:The Giver
987:Half-Life
931:Divergent
902:theocracy
875:Kallocain
685:. Later,
626:The word
601:Subgenres
567:dystopias
551:subgenres
505:Zeitgeist
277:Sforzinda
82:Cockaigne
5432:Glossary
5427:Rhetoric
5234:Diegesis
5214:Creative
5187:Thriller
5136:Southern
5054:Paranoid
5049:Nautical
4960:Vignette
4918:Gamebook
4886:Folklore
4793:Protasis
4672:Allegory
4617:Metaphor
4575:parallel
4570:universe
4550:Dystopia
4507:Suspense
4393:Dialogue
4381:Conflict
4289:Narrator
4261:Hamartia
4136:Category
4006:Tachyons
3853:Psionics
3827:Wormhole
3797:Stargate
3740:Physical
3573:Japanese
3568:European
3563:Canadian
3461:Japanese
3413:Spectrum
3393:Chandler
3327:Sunburst
3322:Sturgeon
3312:Sidewise
3302:Rhysling
3272:Nautilus
3242:Heinlein
3197:Endeavor
3152:Aurealis
3101:Yugoslav
3081:Romanian
3066:Japanese
3051:Estonian
3041:Croatian
3026:Canadian
2995:Worldcon
2965:Fanzines
2921:Nanopunk
2904:Japanese
2769:Military
2737:Grimdark
2732:Feminist
2695:Timeline
2690:New Wave
2566:Archived
2329:, p.101
2131:20719885
2074:43281204
1944:25560513
1697:70728991
1481:See also
1475:Cold War
1467:Icarians
1459:'s work
1242:Ecotopia
1148:visits,
1090:Starhawk
990:series.
981:BioShock
978:series,
813:Examples
792:Voltaire
768:dystopia
748:Dystopia
587:societal
385:Practice
334:Escapism
324:Arcology
315:Concepts
154:Mahoroba
149:Mag Mell
129:Ketumati
35:a series
33:Part of
5362:Prequel
5318:Related
5304:Present
5197:Western
5153:Science
5126:Fantasy
5094:Romance
5044:Mystery
5029:Ergodic
4994:Fiction
4950:Parable
4945:Novella
4875:Fabliau
4846:Premise
4697:Imagery
4687:Diction
4565:country
4522:Setting
4502:Subplot
4324:Villain
4277:Byronic
4052:Fantasy
4040:Related
4011:Weapons
3986:Cyborgs
3747:Ansible
3558:British
3530:Theatre
3342:Tiptree
3317:Skylark
3262:LaĂźwitz
3247:Ignotus
3237:Harland
3212:Gaughan
3202:FantLab
3167:Chesley
3096:Spanish
3091:Serbian
3086:Russian
3036:Chinese
3031:Chilean
3016:Bengali
2985:Studies
2944:Culture
2911:Biopunk
2759:Mundane
2725:Sitcoms
2685:History
2648:Authors
2640:Outline
2552:Utopias
2506:Utopia.
2404:4239917
1811:Vulture
1439:Herland
1402:Herland
1383:Utopic
975:Fallout
843:Oceania
797:Candide
786:Erewhon
777:utopias
717:anagram
712:Erewhon
662:Utopia'
658:society
650:eutopos
646:outopos
563:utopias
468:Germany
463:Finland
458:America
344:New Man
94:Elysium
67:Arcadia
43:Utopias
5366:Sequel
5350:Retcon
5345:Reboot
5309:Future
5143:Horror
5131:Gothic
5116:Satire
5034:Erotic
4901:Legend
4803:Climax
4677:Bathos
4584:Utopia
4472:Reveal
4371:Cliché
4349:Action
4343:Ab ovo
4282:Tragic
4146:Portal
4072:Horror
3982:Robots
3939:Uplift
3867:Social
3816:Viewer
3691:Gender
3604:Themes
3499:Novels
3489:Comics
3456:Indian
3398:Dragon
3388:Aurora
3372:Zajdel
3357:Urania
3292:Parsec
3287:Norton
3277:Nebula
3257:Lambda
3217:Geffen
3207:Galaxy
3192:Ditmar
3172:Clarke
3129:Saturn
3110:Awards
3076:Polish
3056:French
3004:Region
2960:Fandom
2857:Spy-Fi
2825:Social
2791:Isekai
2720:Comedy
2402:
2333:
2306:
2278:
2268:
2240:
2179:
2137:
2129:
2121:
2080:
2072:
2027:
1942:
1934:
1895:
1885:
1843:
1770:
1743:
1718:
1695:
1685:
1653:
1631:Utopia
1623:
1613:
1229:Avatar
1223:Wall-E
1105:Island
961:Uglies
928:, the
760:, and
734:(2005)
721:satire
642:utopia
637:Utopia
628:utopia
612:Utopia
441:Nanjie
399:HosPex
246:Theory
222:Utopia
5373:Genre
5340:Canon
5291:Tense
5209:Novel
5192:Urban
5104:Prose
5089:Rogue
5014:Crime
5009:Comic
4970:Genre
4940:Novel
4891:Fable
4869:Drama
4834:films
4664:Style
4632:Motif
4622:Moral
4607:Irony
4599:Theme
4512:Trope
4117:Weird
3899:Black
3802:Stars
3578:Anime
3525:Opera
3518:Stage
3466:Anime
3451:Films
3430:Media
3408:Seiun
3362:Vogel
3307:SFERA
3282:Nommo
3267:Locus
3177:Crook
3046:Czech
2975:ISFDB
2874:Kaiju
2747:Mecha
2400:JSTOR
2363:(PDF)
2135:S2CID
2127:JSTOR
2078:S2CID
2070:JSTOR
1940:S2CID
1088:. In
673:Plato
654:Latin
559:ethos
139:Opona
5378:List
5299:Past
5158:Hard
5111:Saga
5019:Docu
4975:List
4906:Myth
4861:Form
4749:Tone
4722:Hook
4707:Mood
4702:Mode
4560:city
4447:Pace
4334:Plot
4272:Anti
4267:Hero
4250:Foil
3984:and
3924:LGBT
3684:List
3590:U.S.
3438:Film
3403:Hugo
3187:Dick
3157:BSFA
2673:Soft
2663:Hard
2550:and
2331:ISBN
2304:ISBN
2276:OCLC
2266:ISBN
2238:ISBN
2234:1442
2177:ISBN
2119:ISSN
2025:ISSN
2002:2021
1932:ISSN
1893:OCLC
1883:ISBN
1841:ISSN
1781:2021
1768:ISBN
1741:ISBN
1716:ISBN
1693:OCLC
1683:ISBN
1651:ISBN
1621:OCLC
1611:ISBN
1562:help
1226:and
1216:and
1027:and
620:and
581:and
565:and
549:are
209:List
184:Zion
89:Eden
4767:Act
3337:TBD
2173:296
2109:doi
2062:doi
1924:doi
1679:229
1427:'s
1422:and
1409:'s
1399:'s
1391:or
1348:'s
1338:'s
1331:."
1239:'s
1212:by
1196:'s
1176:In
1138:'s
1128:by
1102:'s
1092:'s
1082:'s
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