31:
171:, former leader of the north African resistance. This training was initiated by a resistance group of 8 November. They opposed the "Admiral of the Fleet" François Darlan who was collaborating with the Nazis. They further objected to serving under generals who had attacked the Allied forces at Oran and in Morocco, including Admiral Jean-Pierre Esteva, who had surrendered Tunisia to Axis forces without a fight.
190:
At that time, members of the Corps Francs repeatedly covered the walls with slogans that mocked Darlan, such as "Admiral to the fleet!" Darlan was not only attacked for his past collaboration with
Germany, but also for his present attitude, upholding the exclusion laws inspired by Germany, as well as
212:
They returned to the Summer Palace after eating and settled in a hallway. After some time, the
Admiral appeared, accompanied by Frigate captain Hourcade. Bonnier shot Darlan twice, once in the face and once in the chest, and then shot Hourcade in the thigh. The occupants of the other offices in the
240:
Alarmed by his conviction, Bonnier asked to speak to a police officer and
Commissioner Garidacci responded. Bonnier revealed that Abbé Cordier was aware of his intentions and implicated Henri d'Astier. Garidacci kept this confession to himself, with the apparent intention of later blackmailing
174:
When d'Astier was appointed head of the police as Deputy
Secretary of the Interior, the Corps Francs d'Afrique maintained unofficial relations with the force. Bonnier served as the liaison. He often visited the home of Henri d'Astier, where he also met Lieutenant Father Pierre-Marie Cordier.
199:
Bonnier and three of his comrades, Otto Gross, Robert and
Philippe Tournier Ragueneau decided to assassinate Darlan. They had participated a few weeks earlier in the operation of 8 November 1942. The four drew straws and Bonnier drew the shortest. Following the draw, Bonnier procured an old
221:
The next morning, 25 December 1942, he was convicted in less than an hour. Bonnier declared that he had acted only for reasons of moral purity. The judge signed a removal order sending
Bonnier to the military tribunal of Algiers. The court sat that night and rejected requests for further
255:
Bonnier was rehabilitated by a
Chamber judgment revision of the Court of Appeals on Algiers on 21 December 1945, which ruled that the assassination had been "in the interest of liberation of France." In June 1950, his body was repatriated to Bruyères Cemetery in
233:, dean of the Imperial Council, proclaimed himself acting High Commissioner, under an unpublished order issued by Darlan on 2 December 1942. The order was invalid according to the legal order of Vichy. Nogues immediately rejected the clemency petition.
182:, who feared armed resistance from Vichy sympathizers among the French, agreed to allow Darlan to govern French North Africa and West Africa under Vichy policies. This caused consternation in the French population and in Washington and London.
222:
investigation. My Viala and
Sansonetti acted as lawyers for the accused. The rest of the procedure took place in less than a quarter of an hour. The court discounted Bonnier's motivations and age and sentenced him to death.
575:
204:. The day of 24 December 1942 was chosen. Abbé Cordier heard his confession and gave him absolution. Failing to find Darlan that morning at the Summer Palace, he lunched that day with d'Astier.
565:
160:. A monarchist and an ardent anti-Vichyiste, he regretted that his comrades had participated in Operation Torch and enabled the success of the landings but had not asked him to participate.
140:, son of a French journalist who was a monarchist and a protester against fascism. Bonnier was involved with a royalist group that wanted to make the pretender to the French throne, the
247:
Bonnier de la
Chapelle was executed in Hussein-Dey, the square known as "the shot". His speedy trial and execution fueled theories about who may have been behind the assassination.
191:
other repressive Vichy policies, such as the internment in concentration camps of thousands of French resistance fighters, Spanish
Republicans and Central European Democrats.
555:
244:
Giraud was elected that day by members of the Vichy Imperial Council, to replace Darlan. When d'Astier and others appealed to Giraud, he told them it was too late.
144:, the King of France. He studied at the Lycée Stanislas in Paris after France's surrender to Nazi Germany, and attended a demonstration of anti-German students on
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237:, who was then head of military justice as Commander-in-chief, refused to postpone execution, and ordered his execution the next morning at 7:30.
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156:) and visited the Youth Camps. After obtaining his degree in 1942, he was surprised by the Allied landings on 8 November 1942 during
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535:
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152:. He then joined the free zone by illegally crossing the border. He returned to Algiers (where his father was a journalist for
275:
525:
294:
545:
530:
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Palais captured him. Under interrogation he claimed he had acted alone and seemed unworried about the consequences.
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Bénédicte Vergez-Chaignon, Une juvénile fureur. Bonnier de la Chapelle, l’assassin de l’amiral Darlan, Perrin, 2019
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297:, while judicial records show he was involved with a royalist group aiming to replace Darlan with
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The lawyers requested clemency. The law required the appeal to be heard by the Head of State,
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and the high commissioner of French North Africa and West Africa, on 24 December 1942.
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459:
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460:"Amiral Darlan : la vérité sur son exécution - 4. L'exécution de Darlan"
404:"Amiral Darlan : la vérité sur son exécution - 4. L'exécution de Darlan"
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137:
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Historians have speculated that Bonnier acted on the encouragement of
163:
Following the landing, Bonnier was one of the first to commit to the
112:(4 November 1922 – 26 December 1942) was a royalist member of the
229:. That procedure would have had to await the end of hostilities.
333:
The Path to Victory: The Mediterranean Theater in World War II
178:
After Darlan surrendered Algiers to Allied forces, General
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People executed by the French military by firing squad
442:"Qui ne voulait pas la mort de l'amiral Darlan ?"
267:
granted Fernand Bonnier de la Chapelle a posthumous
319:
An Army at Dawn: The War in North Africa, 1942–1943
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88:
78:
62:
37:
21:
566:People convicted of murder by the French military
263:On August 19, 1953, a decree signed by President
8:
335:, New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2004.
328:, New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.
29:
18:
290:entourage or under instruction from the
167:training under the initial direction of
556:French civilians killed in World War II
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308:leaves flowers on his grave in Sèvres.
120:. He assassinated Admiral of the Fleet
7:
124:, the former chief of government of
499:n° 1112, page 11, 20 décembre 2016.
354:"MĂ©morialGenWeb Fiche individuelle"
136:Bonnier de La Chapelle was born in
606:Civilians who were court-martialed
440:Bénédicte Vergez-Chaignon (2019).
14:
601:French people of colonial Algeria
561:French people convicted of murder
326:France: The Dark Years: 1940–1944
586:Overturned convictions in France
571:People executed by Vichy France
430:, Calmann-LĂ©vy, 2012, page 476.
304:Every year, a delegation from
110:Fernand Bonnier de La Chapelle
23:Fernand Bonnier de La Chapelle
1:
321:, New York: Henry Holt, 2002.
581:Deaths by firearm in Algeria
295:Special Operations Executive
169:Henri d'Astier de la Vigerie
16:French assassin (1922–1942)
622:
428:La Seconde Guerre mondiale
551:French Resistance members
306:Nouvelle Action Royaliste
251:Posthumous rehabilitation
83:Execution by firing squad
28:
464:geoffroy.dastier.free.fr
408:geoffroy.dastier.free.fr
148:11 November 1940 at the
73:Algiers, French Algeria
596:1942 murders in France
536:Executed French people
358:www.memorialgenweb.org
165:Corps Francs d'Afrique
154:The Algerian Dispatch
446:Les Secrets de Vichy
180:Dwight D. Eisenhower
526:People from Algiers
378:The Path to Victory
288:Charles de Gaulle's
279:with palms and the
273:accompanied by the
217:Trial and execution
79:Cause of death
546:French monarchists
531:Executed assassins
493:Hommage paru dans
270:MĂ©daille militaire
202:"Ruby" 7.65 pistol
114:French Resistance
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100:Assassination of
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541:French assassins
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324:Julian Jackson,
299:Henri of Orléans
281:Resistance Medal
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66:26 December 1942
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391:An Army at Dawn
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331:Douglas Porch,
317:Rick Atkinson,
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276:Croix de Guerre
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227:Philippe PĂ©tain
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158:Operation Torch
150:Arc de Triomphe
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122:François Darlan
102:François Darlan
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48:4 November 1922
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142:Count of Paris
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97:Known for
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70:(aged 20)
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56:French Algeria
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126:Vichy France
118:World War II
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68:(1942-12-26)
591:Pieds-noirs
521:1942 deaths
516:1922 births
89:Nationality
510:Categories
469:2023-03-12
413:2023-03-12
389:Atkinson,
363:2019-11-03
340:References
260:, France.
241:d'Astier.
195:Conspiracy
186:Motivation
44:1922-11-04
496:Royaliste
132:Biography
376:Porch,
312:Sources
292:British
138:Algiers
116:during
52:Algiers
258:Sèvres
208:Attack
92:French
63:Died
38:Born
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