219:
230:
48:
17:
1177:
218:
377:, as if it too were a sculpture. It is unclear whether this representation means that sacred trees might be replaced with artificial or pictorial ones. The apertures were paved over in the time of Augustus, an event that may explain Ovid's
51:
A scene of combat, perhaps between
Romulus and Remus, described by some ancient authors as having taken place near the Ficus Ruminalis. Pentelic marble, fragment from the frieze of the Basilica Aemilia, 1st century BC–1st century
1209:
249:
Gnaeus and
Quintus Ogulnius placed images of Romulus and Remus as babies suckling under her teats. It may be this sculpture group that is represented on coins.
1199:
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750:
852:
107:
343:
drooped, it was taken as a bad omen for Rome. When it died, it was replaced. In 58 AD, it withered, but then revived and put forth new shoots.
130:
The wild fig tree was thought to be the male, wild counterpart of the cultivated fig, which was female. In some Roman sources, the wild fig is
794:
350:
phases of pavement, may have been apertures to preserve venerable trees during rebuilding programs. Pliny mentions other sacred trees in the
1180:
314:
253:
229:
817:
354:, with two additional figs. One fig was removed with a great deal of ritual fuss because its roots had undermined a statue of
882:
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1154:
1014:
935:
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134:, literally "goat fig". The fruit of the fig tree is pendulous, and the tree exudes a milky sap if cut.
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988:
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119:
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In the archaeology of the
Comitium, several irregular stone-lined shafts in rows, dating from
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150:, "teat, breast," but some modern linguists think it is more likely related to the names
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the satyr, whose statue stood in the
Comitium, next to a fig tree that is placed on a
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discovers the twins suckling the she-wolf under the Ficus
Ruminalis (2nd century AD)
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28:
317:. Pliny's obscure reference may be to the statue of Attus Navius in front of the
1159:
1119:
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803:
175:
91:
86:
and was the spot where according to tradition the floating makeshift cradle of
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grew from a spot that had been struck by lightning and was thus regarded as
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191:
183:
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says that the tree still stood in his day, but his younger contemporary
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186:. The tree offered the twins shade and shelter in their suckling by a
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374:
359:
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seems to suggest that the tree was miraculously transplanted by the
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217:
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A statue of the she-wolf was supposed to have stood next to the
174:, and stood where their cradle came to rest on the banks of the
776:
305:, an identification that suggests it had replaced the original
178:, after their abandonment. It was thought to be located in the
162:, perhaps a word for "river" or an archaic name for the Tiber.
772:
766:. Oxford University Press, London 1929. (online, LacusCurtius)
743:
671:
335:
and the accompanying representation of the she-wolf to the
194:
cave, until their discovery and fostering by the shepherd
202:. Remus was eventually killed by Romulus, who went on to
1059:
1023:
997:
961:
906:
810:
719:Rabun Taylor, "Roman Oscilla: An Assessment," in
473:(Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992), p. 151.
142:("of Rumina") were connected by some Romans to
723:48 (2005), pp. 91–92. Taylor conjectures that
471:A New Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome
788:
492:, "The European Sky-God, III: The Italians,"
8:
78:. It stood near the small cave known as the
1176:
795:
781:
773:
764:A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome
170:The tree is associated with the legend of
853:Temple of Jupiter Stator (8th century BC)
762:. In: Samuel Ball Platner, Thomas Ashby:
407:
1210:Topography of the ancient city of Rome
754:. Vol. 23 (11th ed.). 1911.
39:from an altar dating to the reign of
7:
1181:List of monuments of the Roman Forum
1200:8th century BC in the Roman Kingdom
237:, with the Ficus Ruminalis at right
289:. This fig tree, however, was the
94:. There they were nurtured by the
14:
270:, "traces," perhaps the stump. A
1175:
818:Temple of Antoninus and Faustina
721:RES: Anthropology and Aesthetics
1:
883:Temple of Vespasian and Titus
604:ubi nunc ficus Ruminalis est.
564:332–333 (edition of Lindsay).
460:332–333 (edition of Lindsay).
182:, a short distance from the
833:Temple of Castor and Pollux
293:, so called for the augur.
108:birth and childhood deities
90:landed on the banks of the
1236:
729:were hung from such trees.
575:Dionysius of Halicarnassus
190:, just outside the nearby
1173:
984:Arch of Septimius Severus
682:Topographical Dictionary,
660:Topographical Dictionary,
634:Topographical Dictionary,
588:Topographical Dictionary,
507:Topographical Dictionary,
102:. The tree was sacred to
878:Temple of Venus and Roma
873:Shrine of Venus Cloacina
823:Temple of Divus Augustus
941:Colossus of Constantine
751:Encyclopædia Britannica
114:in humans and animals.
238:
226:
158:which may be based on
53:
44:
1155:Umbilicus urbis Romae
1015:Five-Columns Monument
936:Basilica of Maxentius
898:Portico Dii Consentes
469:Lawrence Richardson,
272:textually problematic
232:
221:
50:
19:
892:House of the Vestals
496:16.3 (1905), p. 301.
321:: he stood with his
1135:Puteal Scribonianum
989:Arch of Constantine
490:Arthur Bernard Cook
331:that connected the
82:at the foot of the
1036:Clivus Capitolinus
930:Basilica Sempronia
488:7.11, as cited by
239:
227:
210:, above the cave.
98:and discovered by
54:
45:
1220:Romulus and Remus
1215:Trees in religion
1187:
1186:
1031:Milliarium Aureum
858:Temple of Romulus
828:Temple of Concord
245:. In 296 BC, the
172:Romulus and Remus
88:Romulus and Remus
21:Romulus and Remus
1227:
1179:
1178:
1130:Plutei of Trajan
1125:Mamertine Prison
1010:Column of Phocas
974:Arch of Tiberius
969:Arch of Augustus
916:Basilica Aemilia
863:Temple of Saturn
843:Temple of Caesar
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233:Relief from the
110:, who protected
74:significance in
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953:Basilica Porcia
948:Basilica Opimia
920:Basilica Fulvia
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888:Temple of Vesta
867:Altar of Saturn
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760:Ficus Ruminalis
745:"Romulus"
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337:Ficus Ruminalis
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303:Arbor Ruminalis
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59:Ficus Ruminalis
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198:and his wife
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1051:Vicus Tuscus
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684:pp. 150–151.
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680:Richardson,
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147:
143:
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131:
129:
76:ancient Rome
72:mythological
58:
57:
55:
29:Father Tiber
1160:Velian Hill
1120:Lapis Niger
1098:Curia Julia
804:Roman Forum
482:Augustine,
352:Roman Forum
341:Ficus Navia
333:Ficus Navia
311:Ficus Navia
299:Ficus Navia
291:Ficus Navia
274:passage in
118:mentions a
62:was a wild
43:(AD 98-117)
1194:Categories
1150:Tabularium
554:, note to
450:, note to
414:Livy, I.4
402:References
396:Caprotinia
391:Sacred fig
348:Republican
204:found Rome
132:caprificus
31:, and the
1041:Via Sacra
908:Basilicas
706:Tacitus,
518:Livy, I.4
367:of Trajan
257:historian
223:Faustulus
196:Faustulus
140:Ruminalis
100:Faustulus
68:religious
1165:Vulcanal
1072:Comitium
544:Plutarch
494:Folklore
440:Plutarch
385:See also
379:vestigia
369:depicts
356:Silvanus
329:attitude
287:Comitium
268:vestigia
254:Augustan
192:Lupercal
188:she-wolf
184:Lupercal
180:Velabrum
156:Romulus,
96:she-wolf
80:Lupercal
33:Palatine
25:Lupercal
1024:Streets
998:Columns
811:Temples
726:oscilla
708:Annales
693:Pliny,
662:p. 150.
645:Pliny,
636:p. 151.
590:p. 151.
577:1.79.8.
552:Servius
542:15.77;
509:p. 151.
448:Servius
438:15.77;
371:Marsyas
362:on the
301:as the
295:Tacitus
285:to the
214:History
206:on the
1145:Rostra
962:Arches
710:13.58.
697:15.77.
649:15.77.
623:2.411.
562:Festus
560:8.90;
557:Aeneid
534:5.54;
458:Festus
456:8.90;
453:Aeneid
430:5.54;
375:plinth
365:Plutei
360:relief
324:lituus
315:sacred
166:Legend
136:Rumina
104:Rumina
41:Trajan
37:relief
23:, the
1140:Regia
1083:Curia
1060:Other
620:Fasti
602:1.4:
550:4.1;
536:Pliny
528:Varro
446:4.1;
432:Pliny
424:Varro
280:augur
276:Pliny
176:Tiber
160:rumon
144:rumis
92:Tiber
35:on a
615:Ovid
600:Livy
358:. A
264:Ovid
260:Livy
252:The
154:and
152:Roma
148:ruma
138:and
126:Name
70:and
56:The
146:or
64:fig
52:AD.
1196::
748:.
617:,
546:,
538:,
530:,
442:,
434:,
426:,
381:.
122:.
27:,
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928:(
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890:(
869:)
865:(
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835:(
796:e
789:t
782:v
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