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2739:, to go on what was assumed to be a suicide mission. They crossed over to preach to al-Kamil, who assumed that the holy men were emissaries of the Crusaders and received them courteously. When he discovered that their intent was instead to preach against the evils of Islam, some in his court demanded the execution of the friars. Al-Kamil instead heard them out and had them escorted back to the Crusader camp. Francis did obtain a commitment for more humane treatment for the Christian captives. It was claimed in a sermon by
2959:, once a small camp, into a fortified city that could perhaps replace Damietta as the protector of the mouth of the Nile. At some point, he renewed his peace offering to the Crusaders. Again it was refused, with Pelagius' view that he held the key to conquering not only Egypt but also Jerusalem. In December 1220, Honorius III announced that Frederick II would soon be sending troops, expected now in March 1221, with the newly crowned emperor leaving for Egypt in August. Some troops did arrive in May, led by
2562:
their execution. The storm, lasting 3 days, flooded both camps and the
Crusaders' supplies and transportation were devastated. In the ensuing months diseases killed many of the Crusaders, including Robert of Courçon. During the storm, Pelagius took control of the expedition. The Crusaders supported this, feeling the need for new, more aggressive leadership. By February 1219, they were able to mount new offensives, but were unsuccessful because of the weather and strength of the defenders.
2990:, half-way between Fariskur and Mansurah on the east bank of the Nile, occupying the city on 12 July 1221. John of Brienne again attempted to turn the legate back, but the Crusader force was intent on gaining great booty from Cairo, and John would likely have been put to death if he persisted. On 24 July, Pelagius moved his forces near the al-Bahr as-Saghit (Ushmum canal), south of the village of
2513:, supported by his Frisian and German followers, demonstrating considerable ingenuity and leadership, constructed an ingenious siege engine combining the best features of the earlier models. Protected from Greek fire by hides, it included a revolving ladder that extended far beyond the ship. On 24 August the renewed assault began. By the next day, the tower was taken and the defensive chains cut.
39:
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booty, took arms against the French and expelled them from the city. Not until 2 February 1220 did the situation stabilize, with a formal ceremony conducted to celebrate the
Christian victory. John soon departed for the Holy Land, either piqued at Pelagius or to stake his claim to Armenia. Either way, Honorius III soon decided Damietta's fate in favour of his legate Pelagius.
2860:. In John's absence, Pelagius left the sea routes between Damietta and Acre unguarded, and a Muslim fleet attacked the Crusaders in the port of Limassol, resulting in over a thousand casualties. Most of the Cypriotes departed Egypt at the same time as John. When he returned, he passed through Cyprus and brought some forces with him.
2975:, was on its way from the east to the Holy Land to join the Crusade and gain release of the sultan's Christian captives. The story soon grew to such proportions and generated so much excitement among the Crusaders that it led them to prematurely launch an attack on Cairo. In reality, these rumors were conflated with the reality of
2282:, wresting Egypt from the Muslims and enabling the conquest of the remainder of Syria and Palestine. This plan was abandoned at Acre due to the lack of manpower and ships. Instead, in anticipation of reinforcements, the objective was to keep the enemy occupied in a series of small engagements, perhaps going as far as Damascus.
2130:. An exceptionally low Nile River resulted in a failure of the crops in 1201â1202, and famine and pestilence ensued. People abandoned themselves to atrocious practices, habitually resorting to cannibalism. Violent earthquakes, felt as far away as Syria and Armenia, devastated whole cities, and increased the general misery.
2218:. King Andrew's army was so largeâat least 20,000 mounted soldiers and even much more "uncountable" infantrymenâthat most of it stayed behind when Andrew and his men embarked in Split two months later. They were transported by the Venetian fleet, the largest European fleet of the times. Andrew and his troops embarked from
2403:
reinstated. The decision to attack Egypt had been made, a springtime assault on
Jerusalem rejected because of excessive heat and lack of water. They focused their main thrust on the port of Damietta rather than Alexandria. The European Crusader army was supplemented by troops from the kingdom and the military orders.
2359:, regarded by the Muslims as impregnable. A battle fought on 3 December 1217 was soon abandoned by the leaders, only to be revisited by the Templars and Hospitallers. Met with Greek fire, the siege was abandoned on 7 December 1217. A third sortie by the Hungarians, possibly led by Andrew's nephew, met disaster at
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As usual, there was partisan struggles as to the rule of the city, secular or ecclesiastic. At some point, John of
Brienne had enough, equipping three ships for departure. Pelagius relented, allowing John to lead Damietta pending a decision by the pope. Nevertheless, the Italians, feeling deprived of
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which guarded to road to Egypt, with a multi-year truce, in exchange for the
Crusaders' evacuation of Egypt. John of Brienne and the other secular leaders were in favour of the offer, as the original objective of the Crusade was the recovery of Jerusalem. But Pelagius and the leaders of the Templars,
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The
Crusaders now built an enormous floating fortress on the river, but a storm that began on 9 November 1218 blew it near the Egyptian camp. The Egyptians seized the fortress, killing nearly all of its defenders. Only two soldiers survived the attack. They were accused of cowardice, and John ordered
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began on 23 June 1218 with an assault on the tower, utilizing upwards of 80 ships some with projectile machines, with no success. Two new types of vessels were adapted to meet the needs of the siege. The first, used by
Leopold VI and the Hospitallers, was able to secure scaling ladders mounted on two
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Before the arrival of John of
Brienne in Acre in 1210, the local Christians had refused to renew their truce the Ayyubids. The next year, John negotiated with the aging sultan al-Adil a new truce between the kingdom and the sultanate to last through 1217. At the same time, in light of the strength of
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On 26 August 1221, the
Crusaders attempted to reach BarÄmĆ«n under the cover of darkness, but their carelessness alerted the Egyptians who set on them. They were also reluctant to sacrifice their stores of wine, drinking them rather than leave them. In the meantime, al-Kamil had the sluices along the
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On 9 October 1218, Egyptian forces conducted a surprise attack on the
Crusaders' camp. Discovering their movements, John of Brienne and his retinue attacked and annihilated the Egyptian advance guard, hindering the main force. From the outset, Pelagius considered himself the supreme commander of the
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soldiers. As it became clear that Frederick II was not coming to the East, they began detailed planning. The campaign was to be led by John of Brienne, based on his status in the kingdom and his proven military reputation. The original objective abandoned the year before due to lack of resources was
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The strength of the armies was estimated at more than 32,000, including more than 10,000 knights. It was described by a contemporaneous Arab historian as: "This year, an infinite number of warriors left from Rome the great and other countries of the West." The Crusader force was also prepared to use
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On 4 July 1221 Pelagius, having decided to advance to the south, ordered a three-day fast in preparation for the advance. John of Brienne, arriving in Egypt shortly thereafter, argued against the move, but was powerless to stop it. Already deemed a traitor for opposing the plans and threatened with
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were tasked with defending Cairo and the Syrian coast, respectively. Available reinforcements were sent from Syria, and an Egyptian force encamped at al-'Adiliyah, a few miles south of Damietta. The Egyptians were of insufficient strength to attack the Crusaders, but did serve to oppose any invader
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The situation in Damietta after the February 1220 celebration was one of inactivity and discontent. The army lacked discipline despite Pelagius' draconian rule. His extensive regulations prevented adequate protection of the shipping lanes from Cyprus, and several ships carrying pilgrims were sunk.
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Innocent III had hoped to mount such a Crusade to the Holy Land, never forgetting the goal of restoring Jerusalem to Christian control. The pathos of the Children's Crusade only nerved him to fresh efforts. But for Innocent, this tragedy had its moral: âthe very children put us to shame, while we
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The masters of the military orders were dispatched to Damietta with the news of the surrender. It was not well-received, with the Venetians attempting to gain control, but the eventual happened on 8 September 1221. The Crusader ships departed and the sultan entered the city. The Fifth Crusade was
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The Crusaders now surrounded Damietta, with the Italians to the north, Templars and Hospitallers to the east, and John of Brienne with his French and Pisan troops to the south. The Frisians and Germans occupied the old camp across the river. A new wave of reinforcements from Cyprus arrived led by
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The loss of the tower was a great shock to the Ayyubids, and the sultan al-Adil died shortly thereafter, on 31 August 1218. His body was secretly taken to Damascus and his treasure dispersed before his death was announced. He was succeeded as sultan by his son al-Kamil. The new sultan immediately
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in 1204 and Damietta in 1211, the chief concern of al-Adil was Egypt. He was willing to make concessions to avoid war, and favoured the Italian maritime states of Venice and Pisa, both for trading reasons and to preclude them from supporting further crusades. Most of his reign was conducted under
1793:. Innocent III's attempts to reconcile their differences was rendered moot with Philip's assassination on 21 June 1208. Otto was crowned Holy Roman Emperor and fought against the pope, resulting in his excommunication. France was heavily invested in the Albigensian Crusade and was quarreling with
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Even before the capture of Damietta, the Crusaders became aware of a book, written in Arabic, which claims to have predicted Saladin's earlier capture of Jerusalem and the impending Christian capture of Damietta. Based on this and other prophetic works, rumors circulated of a Christian uprising
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Despite objections from the military leaders, Pelagius began multiple attacks on the city on 8 July 1219 using Pisan and Venetian troops. Each time they were repelled by the defenders, using Greek fire. A counteroffensive by the Egyptians on the Templar camp on 31 July was repulsed by their new
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The Egyptians had the advantage of knowing the terrain, especially the canals near the Crusader camp. One such canal near BarÄmĆ«n (see maps of the area here and here) could support large vessels in late August when the Nile was at its crest, and they brought numerous ships up from al-Maáž„allah.
2614:(and later emir himself), arrived in Egypt with Syrian reinforcements, leading multiple attacks on the Crusader camp through 7 April 1219, with little impact. In the meantime, Crusaders such as Leopold VI of Austria were returning to Europe, but were more than offset by new recruits, including
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At this time, al-Kamil, in command of the defenders, when he was almost overthrown by a coup to replace him with his younger brother al-Faiz Ibrahim. Alerted to the conspiracy, al-Kamil had to flee the camp to safety and in the ensuing confusion the Crusaders were able to advance on Damietta.
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Crusade, and, unable to mount a major offensive, sent specially equipped ships up the Nile to no avail. A follow-on attack on the Crusaders on 26 October also failed, as did a Crusader attempt to dredge an abandoned canal, the al-Azraq, to bypass al-Kamil's new defensive measures on the Nile.
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was convened. The prelates of France presented their grievances, many well-founded, and the pope pleaded for them to forgive the legate's indiscretions. In the end, very few Frenchmen took part in the expedition of 1217, unwilling to go in the company of Germans and Hungarians, with France
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In August 1219, the sultan again offered peace, possibly out of desperation, using recent captives as envoys to the Christians. This included his earlier provisions plus paying for the restoration of the damaged fortifications, the return of the portion of the True Cross lost at the
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The Crusaders did not press their advantage, and many prepared to return home, regarding their crusading vows satisfied. Further offensive action would nevertheless have to wait until the Nile was more favourable and the arrival of additional forces. Among them were papal legate
1734:, now sultan of Egypt, offered attractive peace terms, including the restoration of Jerusalem to Christian rule. The sultan was rebuked by Pelagius several times, and the Crusaders marched south towards Cairo in July 1221. En route, they attacked a stronghold of al-Kamil at the
2189:, al-Adil's third son, routed the Seljuk army, which remained a menace until the death of Kaykaus in 1220. Given the Crusadersâ Egyptian plan, these diversions were useful in stretching the resources of the sultanate that controlled the Levant with an uneasy cooperation.
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and German imperial marshal Anselm of Justingen, had been sent by Frederick II. They offered the sultan withdrawal from Damietta and an eight-year truce in exchange for allowing the Crusader army to pass, the release of all prisoners, and the return of the relic of the
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Entering the Nile, they were able to block the Crusaders' line of communications to Damietta, rendering their position untenable. In consultation with his military leaders, Pelagius ordered a retreat, only to find the route to Damietta blocked by the sultan's troops.
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The Muslims were not alarmed at the arrival of the Crusaders, believing that they would not successfully mount an attack on Egypt. Al-Adil was both surprised and disappointed in the West, supporting peace treaties when more radical elements in the sultanate sought
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On 5 November 1219, suspecting the city had been vacated, the Crusaders entered Damietta and found it abandoned, filled with the dead and with most of the remaining citizens ill. Seeing the Christian banners flying over the city, al-Kamil moved his host from
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and the leaders of the military orders warned Pelagius of the large numbers of Muslims troops arriving and continued warnings from John of Brienne went unheeded. Many Crusaders took this opportunity to retreat back to Damietta, later departing for home.
1738:, but they were defeated and forced to surrender. The terms of surrender included the retreat from Damiettaâleaving Egypt altogetherâand an eight-year truce. The Fifth Crusade ended in September 1221, a Crusader defeat that failed to achieve its goals.
2247:. Until his return to Hungary, King Andrew remained the leader of Christian forces in the Fifth Crusade. In October 1217, the leaders of the expedition held a war council there, presided by Andrew II. Representing the military orders were the masters
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The Muslims knew that the Crusaders were coming in 1216 with the exodus of merchants from Alexandria. Once the host gathered at Acre, Al-Adil began operations in Syria, leaving the bulk of his forces in Egypt under his eldest son and viceroy
2022:, they continued on their way south to Lisbon. As in previous crusading seaborne journeys, the fleet was dispersed by storms and only gradually managed to reach the Portuguese city of Lisbon after making a stopover at the famous shrine of
1836:
the Muslims and their renewed fortifications, John also asked the pope for help. There was no real force among the Syrian Franks, with many of the deployed knights returning home. If a new Crusade were to begin, it must come from Europe.
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The Fifth Crusade ended with nothing gained for the West, with much loss of life, resources and reputations. Most were bitter that offensive operations were begun prior to the arrival of the emperor's forces, and had opposed the treaty.
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At the beginning of 1218, an ailing Andrew decided to return to Hungary, under the threat of excommunication. Andrew and his army departed to Hungary in February 1218, stopping first at Tripoli for the marriage of Bohemond IV and
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vow to lead a crusade, and finally agreed, having postponed three times earlier. Andrew, who was reputed to have designs on becoming Latin emperor, mortgaged his estates to finance the Crusade. In July 1217, Andrew departed from
2507:, attacking first, was forced to withdraw when faced with an intense counter-barrage. The scaling ladders, secured against the walls, collapsed under the weight of the soldiers. The first attempt at an assault was a failure.
2226:
2845:(whom Leo I had disinherited) the lawful ruler, threatening John with excommunication if he fought for Cilicia. To solidify his position, Raymond-Roupen travelled to Damietta in the summer of 1220 to meet with Pelagius.
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the chain towerâcalled so because of the massive iron chains that could stretch across the river preventing passage. The tower, containing 70 tiers and housing hundreds of soldiers, was key to the capture of the city.
2605:
In the Holy Land, al-Mu'azzam's forces began dismantling fortifications at Mount Tabor and other defensive positions, as well as Jerusalem itself, in order to deny their protection should the Crusaders prevail there.
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and the release of prisoners. Again, his offer was rejected along familiar lines. Pelagius' view that victory was possible was supported by the continued arrival of new Crusades, most notably an English force led by
2481:
The fortifications of Damietta were impressive, consisting of three walls of varying heights, with dozens of towers on the interior, and were enhanced to repel the invaders. Situated on an island in the Nile was the
2091:, queen since 1184, led the Georgian state to its zenith of power and prestige in the Middle Ages. Under her rule, Georgia challenged Ayyubid rule in eastern Anatolia. Tamar died in 1213 and was succeeded by her son
2041:. The Frisians, however, refused on account of Innocent III's disqualification of the venture at the Fourth Lateran Council. The other members of the fleet, however, were convinced by the Portuguese and started the
2185:, emerged to make a bid for Aleppo, enlisting the help of Kaykaus I, who also had designs on the region. In 1218, al-Afdal and Kaykaus invaded Aleppo and advanced on the capital. The situation was resolved when
2598:
Hospitallers and Venetians refused this and a subsequent offer with compensation for the fortresses, damaging the unity of the enterprise. Al-Mu'azzam responded by reorganizing his reinforcements at
2589:
At this point, al-Kamil and al-Mu'azzam attempted to open negotiations with the Crusaders, asking Christian envoys to come to their camp. They offered to surrender the kingdom of Jerusalem, less
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for departure on 1 June 1217, and prohibited trade with the Muslims in order to ensure that the Crusaders would have ships and weapons, renewing an 1179 edict. Every Crusader would receive an
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with reinforcements from Syria ended the conspiracy. The Crusader attack mounted against the Egyptians on 5 February 1219 was then different, the defenders having fled, abandoning the camp.
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A group of Frisians who refused to aid the Portuguese with their siege plans against AlacĂĄcer do Sal, preferred to raid several coastal towns on their way to the Holy Land. They attacked
2014:
The departure of the Crusaders began finally in early July 1217. Many of the Crusaders decided to go to the Holy Land by their traditional sea journey. The fleet made their first stop at
2700:
arrived in the Crusader camp seeking permission from Pelagius to visit sultan al-Kamil. Francis had a long history with the Crusades. In 1205, Francis prepared to enlist in the army of
2415:
was chosen as temporary leader pending the arrival of the rest of the fleet. Within a few days, the remaining ships arrived, carrying John of Brienne, Leopold VI of Austria and masters
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against the power of Islam, influencing the consideration of al-Kamil's peace offerings. Then in July 1221, rumors began that the army of one King David, a descendant of the legendary
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2838:. John left Damietta for Jerusalem around Easter 1220 in order to assert his claim to his inheritance. His departure had been rumored to be due to desertion which was not the case.
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of the Fifth Crusade is concerned with the "history of the histories" of the military campaigns discussed herein as well as biographies of the important figures of the period. The
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With the negotiations with the Crusaders stalled and Damietta isolated, on 3 November 1219 al-Kamil sent a resupply convoy through the sector manned by the troops of the Frenchman
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in 1216 and shortly thereafter Honorius III tasked him with preaching the Crusade in the Latin settlements of Syria, made difficult with the rampant corruption at the port cities.
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2772:. The Egyptians were by and large stopped, some getting through to the city, resulting in the expulsion of Hervé. The intrusion energized the Crusaders with a unity of purpose.
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The Conquest of Santarém and Goswin's Song of the Conquest of Alcåcer do Sal: Editions and Translations of De expugnatione Scalabis and Gosuini de expugnatione Salaciae carmen
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2095:. In the late 1210s, according to the Georgian chronicles, he began making preparations for a campaign in the Holy Land to support the Franks. His plans were cut short by the
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and his aide Robert of Courçon, who travelled with a contingent of Roman Crusaders financed by the pope. A group from England, smaller than expected arrived shortly, led by
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The fortifications of Damietta were essentially undamaged, and the victorious Crusaders claimed much booty. By 23 November 1219, they had captured the neighboring city of
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1976:, had taken an oath to embark for the Holy Land in 1215 and appealed to German nobility to join. But Frederick II hung back, with his crown still in contention with
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Was the Portuguese Led Military Campaign Against AlcĂĄcer do Sal in the Autumn of 1217 Part of the Fifth Crusade?, Al-MasÄq: Journal of the Medieval Mediterranean,
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6285:"A Frisian Perspective on Crusading in Iberia as Part of the Sea Journey to the Holy Land, 1217â1218, Studies in Medieval and Renaissance History, 3rd Series 15"
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implemented defensive measures, including scuttling a number of ships a mile upstream, resulting in the Nile being blocked for much of the winter of 1218â1219.
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in 1215. The attendant papal instructions engaged a new enterprise to recover Jerusalem while establishing Crusading norms that were to last nearly a century.
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excommunication, John joined the force under the command of the legate. They moved towards Fariskur on 12 July where Pelagius drew it up in battle formation.
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3026:. Prior to the formal surrender of Damietta, the two sides would maintain hostages, among them John of Brienne and Hermann of Salza for the Franks side and
1916:, the Latin patriarch of Jerusalem, on his return trip to the kingdom, Innocent III tasked John of Brienne to provide escort. As John was in conflict with
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2602:, upriver from al-'Adiliyah. Unknown to the Crusaders, Damietta could have been easily taken at this point due to illness and death among the defenders.
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2371:. Hugh I of Cyprus, accompanying his fellow commanders, became ill at the ceremony and died shortly thereafter. Andrew returned to Hungary in late 1218.
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requested troops from al-Ashraf, however, the latter chose instead to send them assist his brother in Egypt. The Ayyubids regarded the Mongol ouster of
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right bank of the Nile opened, flooding the area and rendering battle impossible. On 28 August, Pelagius sued for peace, sending an envoy to al-Kamil.
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was accused of ineffectual leadership and a misguided view that led him to reject the sultan's peace offering. The greatest criticism was leveled at
2363:. The small force was decimated, and the few survivors returned to Acre on Christmas Eve. Thus ended what is known as the Hungarian Crusade of 1217.
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2317:. Again against the wishes of his son, Al-Adil abandoned Beisan which soon fell to the Crusaders who pillaged the city. He continued his retreat to
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In the captured city, Pelagius was unable to prod the Crusaders from their inactivity through the year 1220, save for a Templar raiding party on
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Stephanie and their son died shortly after John's arrival, ending his claim to Cilicia. When Honorius III learned of their deaths, he declared
2618:, who brought badly-needed supplies. Muslim attacks continued through May, with Crusader counterattacks utilizing a Lombardy device known as a
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on the southern coast of England. There they elected their leaders and the laws by which they would organize their venture. From there, led by
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regarded the Fifth and Sixth Crusades as a single campaign, but by the late 19th century, the designation of the Fifth Crusade was standard.
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2994:, on the opposite bank from Mansurah. His plan was to maintain supply lines with Damietta, not bringing sufficient food for his large army.
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1865:, a former classmate of the pope's. He was met with bitter complaints by the clergy, accusing the legate of encroaching on their domains.
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2294:. With too few to engage the Crusaders, he guarded the approaches to Damascus while al-Mu'azzam was sent to Nablus to protect Jerusalem.
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include works written in the medieval period, generally by participants in the Crusade or written contemporaneously with the event. The
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supported his clergy, and Innocent III realized the Robert's zeal was a threat to the success of the Crusade. On 11 November 1215, the
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in July 1220. The town was pillaged, but at the cost of the loss and capture of numerous knights. The relative calm in Egypt enabled
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on 29 August led by Pelagius' faction was a disaster, resulting in high losses for the Crusaders. The Marshal of the Hospitaller,
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had brought 100 Cypriote knights and their men-at-arms, including a Cypriote knight named Peter Chappe, and his charge, a young
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3063:, whose ambition clearly lay in Europe not the Holy Land. The Crusade was unable to even gain the return of the piece of the
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demonstrated his inability to command an international army and was censured for essentially deserting the Crusade in 1220.
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was proclaimed queen of Jerusalem shortly after her birth, and her father John became regent. Antioch was consumed with the
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The fortifications established were less than ideal, made worse by the reinforcements the Egyptians brought in from Syria.
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2150:, and were dealt with by his nephew az-Zahir Ghazi. Only once, in 1207, did he directly confront the Crusaders, capturing
2142:, to buttress the defenses of Jerusalem and Damascus. Most of his conflicts in Syria were with the Knights Hospitaller at
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At the council, Innocent III called for the recovery of the Holy Land. Innocent wanted it to be led by the papacy, as the
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took the cross in 1216, only to die the next spring, and the eventual Scandinavian expedition was of little consequence.
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2913:, to request assistance against the Crusaders. He was at first refused. The Muslim world was now threatened also by the
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was consecrated as pope the next week. The Crusade dominated the early part of his papacy. The next year, he crowned
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On 27 May 1218, the first of the Crusader's fleet arrived at the harbor of Damietta, on the right bank of the Nile.
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Robert of Courçon was sent as spiritual advisor to the French fleet, but subordinate to newly-chosen papal delegate
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Many Crusaders departed, but were supplement by fresh troops including contingents led by the archbishop of Milan,
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Francis remained in Egypt through the fall of Damietta, departing then for Acre. While there, he established the
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The Crusaders still had some leverage. Damietta was well-garrisoned and a naval squadron under fleet admiral
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to him in 1221. John returned to Egypt and rejoined the Crusade on 6 July 1221 at the direction of the pope.
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as well as those who simply helped pay the expenses of a Crusader, but did not go on the Crusade themselves.
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2632:, supported by the Teutonic Knights. Fighting continued into August when the waters of the Nile receded. An
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in the Schaff-Herzog Encyclopaedia of Religious Knowledge. Other works include The Mohammedan Dynasties by
3112:
A partial list of those that participated in the Fifth Crusade can be found in the category collections of
2784:. Survivors in the city were either sent into slavery or held as hostage to trade for Christian prisoners.
2340:, threatening Damascus. The governor of the city took defensive measures, and received reinforcements from
1968:
preached the Crusade in Germany and had great success in recruitment. In July 1216, Honorius III called on
1950:, a veteran of the Fourth Crusade, would also return to the Holy Land with the Fifth Crusade. French canon
6355:
4889:
3257:
3079:
2849:
2823:
2611:
2583:
2567:
2345:
2326:
2322:
2202:
2170:
2147:
2030:
2023:
1917:
1870:
1802:
1584:
1427:
1398:
1386:
1337:
1170:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1116:
1076:
1031:
1021:
1001:
996:
934:
708:
636:
222:
3442:
The secondary sources are well-represented in the Bibliography, below. Tertiary sources include works by
6385:
5562:Ărszegi, GĂ©za; Solymosi, LĂĄszlĂł (1981). "Az ĂrpĂĄdok kirĂĄlysĂĄga, 1000â1301 ". In Solymosi, LĂĄszlĂł (ed.).
4642:
Religions of the Silk Road: Overland Trade and Cultural Exchange from Antiquity to the Fifteenth Century
3878:
3173:
3090:. Instead of blaming Pelagius or the Papacy, she laid the blame on the "foolishness" of the wicked. The
3048:
3014:
2724:, ostensibly to convert him to Christianity. Francis did not make it to Morocco, only getting as far as
2658:
2607:
2543:
2368:
2211:
1932:
1794:
1656:
1574:
1544:
1476:
1352:
1277:
1257:
1165:
1081:
1046:
641:
631:
198:
5910:
2945:
2940:, returning to Syria after the defeat at Damietta, to attack the remaining coastal strongholds, taking
2712:, later meeting with Innocent III who approved his religious order. After the Christian victory at the
2424:
2375:
2248:
1983:
In Europe, the troubadours were equally adept in awakening the interest in the Crusade. These included
1759:
738:
234:
2270:
The war plan of John of Brienne envisioned a two-prong attack. In Syria, Andrew's forces would engage
6071:
5649:
5326:
3377:
3308:
3159:
2827:
2769:
2654:
2264:
2229:
2198:
2092:
2019:
1992:
1969:
1862:
1688:
1652:
1589:
1539:
1441:
1322:
1267:
1252:
1011:
971:
819:
214:
194:
132:
2355:
Now under the command of John of Brienne, as supported by Bohemond IV, the Hungarians moved against
2072:, gaining much booty thereby. They thereafter followed the coast of southern France and wintered in
6190:
5785:
3285:
3212:
3201:
2857:
2807:
2743:
that the sultan converted or accepted a death-bed baptism as a result of his meeting with Francis.
2736:
2677:
2510:
2383:
2143:
2050:
1965:
1936:
1924:, the pope ordered them to reconcile their differences before the Crusaders reached the Holy Land.
1913:
1866:
1817:
1755:
1712:
1672:
1446:
1342:
1227:
1212:
1111:
1106:
1096:
944:
909:
824:
748:
733:
683:
541:
511:
210:
164:
110:
5485:
Muslims and Crusaders: Christianity's Wars in the Middle East, 1095â1382, from the Islamic Sources
6271:
5709:
5516:
3455:
3429:
3228:
3101:
3044:
3018:
2998:
2926:
2100:
2084:
1943:
1854:, calling all of Christendom to join a new Crusade. This was followed by a conciliar decree, the
1232:
981:
976:
839:
658:
601:
596:
591:
586:
581:
576:
561:
556:
529:
506:
379:
369:
115:
3129:
2937:
2863:
John remained in Jerusalem for several months, primarily due to lack of funds. Since his nephew
2575:
2571:
2444:
2271:
1972:
to fulfill his father's vow to lead a Crusade. Like many other rulers, the pope's former pupil,
451:
281:
3944:
3942:
3644:
Pope Honorius III and the Holy Land Crusades, 1216â1227: A Study in Responsive Papal Government
2929:, as destroying one of their main enemies, allowing them to focus on the invaders at Damietta.
2352:. Andrew II did not return to the battlefield, preferring to remain in Acre collecting relics.
6225:
6200:
6176:
6152:
6117:
6057:
6010:
5989:
5968:
5945:
5916:
5895:
5837:
5816:
5791:
5759:
5730:
5659:
5604:
5569:
5548:
5489:
5459:
5424:
5400:
5347:
5312:
5245:
3704:
3506:
3504:
3233:
2949:
2941:
2887:
2868:
2721:
2717:
2697:
2629:
2594:
2535:
2416:
2379:
2077:
2038:
1928:
1806:
1747:
1664:
1648:
1302:
1292:
1207:
1041:
959:
914:
855:
693:
610:
501:
406:
226:
137:
120:
104:
5715:
The Mohammedan dynasties: chronological and genealogical tables with historical introductions
3560:
2944:. By October, he had further degraded the defenses of Jerusalem and unsuccessfully attacking
6328:
6263:
5937:
5751:
4868:
3679:
3443:
3318:
3274:
3191:
3164:(History of Heraclius) is an anonymous history of Jerusalem down to 1277, a continuation of
3140:
begin with early consolidated works in the 16th century and continuing to modern times. The
3137:
3092:
3075:
3071:
3056:
2991:
2853:
2649:
2551:
2527:
2420:
2306:
2256:
2244:
2174:
2155:
2088:
2015:
1988:
1955:
1951:
1921:
1786:
1696:
1534:
1522:
1486:
1312:
1262:
1222:
1197:
1192:
1121:
1071:
1066:
1051:
1016:
1006:
929:
725:
688:
653:
648:
546:
516:
481:
411:
384:
262:
250:
242:
230:
218:
5234:
4111:. Map by the University of Wisconsin Cartography Laboratory, facing p. 487 of Volume II of
2754:, obtaining for the friars the foothold they still retain as guardians of the holy places.
6107:
3165:
3152:
3141:
3052:
2956:
2781:
2689:
2637:
2539:
2468:
2348:. Without engaging the enemy, the Crusaders returned to the camp near Acre, crossing over
2119:
2061:
2046:
1813:
1779:
1660:
1579:
1498:
1381:
1217:
1026:
991:
986:
919:
698:
623:
524:
461:
456:
431:
416:
401:
238:
202:
154:
4567:
4565:
3332:
3104:
describing a pilgrim travelling to the Holy Land during the height of the Fifth Crusade.
1695:, with a goal of first conquering Egypt, viewed as the key to Jerusalem. There, cardinal
6297:
6380:
6375:
6131:
6086:
6075:
6037:
5891:
The Saint and the Sultan: The Crusades, Islam, and Francis of Assisi's Mission of Peace
5878:
5855:
5724:
5713:
5587:
5531:
5520:
5365:
5330:
5302:
5048:
5033:
5008:
4872:
3133:
3027:
2842:
2729:
2705:
2615:
2436:
2395:
2337:
2330:
2302:
2260:
2219:
2134:
2123:
2057:
1897:, which had been taken over by the Venetians. He planned to meet with the Crusaders at
1894:
1771:
1770:
essentially elected by the Venetians. (The imperial crown was at first offered to doge
1751:
1716:
1680:
1644:
1554:
1410:
1403:
1297:
1187:
1143:
1036:
718:
618:
471:
436:
421:
159:
4472:
2309:, expecting an ambush. Upon seeing the strength of the Crusaders, al-Adil withdrew to
6349:
6275:
6221:
6166:
5632:
5583:
5361:
3451:
3447:
3401:
3342:
2933:
2802:
Among the casualties of the campaign for Damietta were Oliver, son of John Lackland,
2788:
2463:
2166:
2073:
1890:
1529:
1468:
1417:
1359:
1242:
1061:
903:
446:
426:
396:
5933:
The Fifth Crusade in Context: The Crusading Movement in the Early Thirteenth Century
5776:
Les compagnons de Villehardouin: Recherches sur les croisés de la quatriÚme croisade
3478:
2830:
and their infant son, and Leo I had instead left the kingdom to his infant daughter
6113:
A History of the Crusades, Volume Three: The Kingdom of Acre and the Later Crusades
5414:
2976:
2972:
2792:
2391:
2240:
2178:
1984:
1958:
and preached the Albigensian Crusade after 1210. He arrived at his new position as
1763:
1700:
1692:
1676:
1594:
713:
534:
6267:
6097:
5699:
6215:
6194:
6172:
Saint Francis and the Sultan: The Curious History of a Christian-Muslim Encounter
6170:
6146:
6111:
6051:
6004:
5983:
5889:
5831:
5806:
5774:
5653:
5598:
5542:
5483:
5418:
5394:
5341:
5306:
3070:
The failure of the Crusade caused an outpouring of anti-papal sentiment from the
6254:
5833:
Preaching the Crusades: Mendicant Friars and the Cross in the Thirteenth Century
3397:
that provides a chronology of the Crusade correlated with the original sources.
3376:
that includes the Fifth Crusade based on the original sources. German historian
2751:
2740:
2356:
2139:
1980:, and Honorius repeatedly put off the date for the beginning of the expedition.
759:
551:
38:
5505:"The Events of the Fifth Crusade according to the Cypriot Chronicle of "Amadi""
3643:
5674:
4195:
4193:
3352:
3064:
3023:
2967:, and under orders not to begin offensive operations until Frederick arrived.
2341:
2201:. Andrew II had been called on by the pope in July 1216 to fulfill his father
1906:
1850:
289:
5688:
2076:
in Italy in 1217â1218, before continuing on their way to Acre. In the north,
2045:
in August 1217. The Crusaders finally captured the city with the help of the
4214:, pp. 161â163, Al-Mu'azzam 'Isa: The period of independent sovereignty.
3221:
2987:
2791:, on the Tanitic mouth of the Nile, providing access to the food sources of
2735:
Initially refusing the request, Pelagius granted Francis and his companion,
2728:, he returned, sickened, but with a mission. His fabled experience with the
2709:
2620:
2503:
and included a small fortress on the mast to hurl stones and javelins. The
2360:
2162:
2115:
2004:
1633:
1621:
1617:
5985:
John of Brienne: King of Jerusalem, Emperor of Constantinople, c. 1175â1237
4920:. The origin and destiny of a story about the Muslim Middle East circa 1200
4903:
2834:. The pope decreed in February 1220 that John was the rightful heir to the
2640:, and many Templars were killed. Only the intervention by John of Brienne,
2313:
against the wishes of al-Mu'azzam who wanted to attack from the heights of
1707:
leader of the Crusade, supported by John of Brienne and the masters of the
5941:
5755:
5152:, pp. 5â68, History of the Sixth Crusade and the Capture of Damietta.
4274:, pp. 157, 492, Occupation of al-Adiliya, 1219, cf. Appendix III.1/5.
2546:. A group of French Crusaders that arrived at the end of October included
2263:. Additional attendees included Leopold VI of Austria, Otto I of Merania,
4415:, pp. 19â39, Francis, Model for the Spiritual Renewal of the Church.
3217:
3144:
are primarily encyclopedias, bibliographies and biographies/genealogies.
2918:
2777:
2681:
2599:
2590:
2459:
2440:
2298:
2287:
2279:
2065:
1898:
1731:
1651:
again called for a crusade, and began organizing Crusading armies led by
1613:
887:
354:
277:
179:
30:
5880:
History of the Crusades for the Recovery and Possession of the Holy Land
3291:
The Arabic sources of the Crusade, partially compiled in the collection
3147:
The primary Western sources of the Fifth Crusade were first complied in
2158:, before accepting an indemnity from Bohemond IV in exchange for peace.
2114:
had died in 1193 and was succeeded in most of his domain by his brother
5038:
Societatis illustrandis Orientis latini monumentis. OsnabrĂŒck, Austria.
3151:(God's Work through the Franks) (1611), by French scholar and diplomat
3067:. The Egyptians could not find it and the Crusaders left empty-handed.
2151:
2111:
2034:
1902:
1708:
1637:
1629:
272:
3883:
Conflict and Conquest in the Islamic World: A Historical Encyclopedia
3380:
also compiled two collections of works concerning the Fifth Crusade:
3169:
2910:
2685:
2318:
2310:
2275:
2236:
2207:
891:
6284:
5504:
4979:â. In: Encyclopaedia of Islam, 3rd Edition. Kate Fleet, et al. (ed.)
2856:. While in Egypt, Philip received instruction from the jurisconsult
2550:, archbishop of Bordeaux, and the newly elected bishop of Beauvais,
2290:. He personally led a small contingent to support al-Mu'azzam, then
1723:, who had taken the cross in 1215, did not participate as promised.
3842:, pp. 215â216, Saladin's Successors (The Ayyubids), 1193â1250.
2336:
On 10 November 1217, the Crusaders crossed the Jordan River at the
2103:
notified the pope that Georgia was unable to fulfill its promises.
1671:
was inconclusive, and Andrew departed. A German army led by cleric
5050:
Testimonia minora de quinto bello sacro e chronicis occidentalibus
4631:, pp. 53â67, The impact of Prester John on the Fifth Crusade.
2668:
2450:
2225:
2224:
2069:
1816:
became the effective ruler of the kingdom through his marriage to
1668:
1625:
71:
67:
3962:
Outlines of history: from the earliest period to the present time
3850:
3848:
3372:. Fifteenth century Italian chronicler Francesco Amadi wrote his
3155:. These include several eyewitness accounts, and are as follows.
2138:
truces with the Christians, and he constructed a new fortress at
1612:(September 1217 - August 29, 1221) was a campaign in a series of
5655:
From Saladin to the Mongols: The Ayyubids of Damascus, 1193â1260
2321:, ordering al-Mu'azzam to protect Jerusalem from the heights of
2314:
770:
3905:
3903:
3742:, pp. 205â218, The Fifth Crusade and New Latin Technology.
3364:
begun in the 10th century, and continued into the 13th century.
1750:
had been pope for 14 years and faced the disappointment of the
859:
774:
326:
5564:
MagyarorszĂĄg törtĂ©neti kronolĂłgiĂĄja, I: a kezdetektĆl 1526-ig
2952:
and his Templars, recently released from their duty in Egypt.
1935:
as Latin Emperor, who was captured on his eastward journey in
3047:
was stripped of his possessions and sent into exile. Admiral
2278:. At the same time, the fleet was to attack the port city of
2197:
The first to take up the cross in the Fifth Crusade was King
2033:
attempted to persuade the Crusaders to help them capture the
1730:
in 1218â1219, the Crusaders occupied the port for two years.
2644:, and the Templars and Hospitallers prevented further loss.
2382:
which proved later to be valuable moves. Later in the year,
2083:
Innocent III had managed to secure the participation of the
1861:
The message of the Crusade was preached in France by legate
5098:, pp. 160â169, A most promising Voyage into Palestine.
3462:, a concise summary of the historiography of the Crusades.
3426:
Histoire de la sixiĂšme croisade et de la prise de Damiette.
322:
6039:
Histoire de la sixiĂšme croisade et de la prise de Damiette
4798:, pp. 163â174, Ernoul, Eracles and the Fifth Crusade.
3236:, covering the period from 1188 through the Fifth Crusade.
3051:
was imprisoned only to be pardoned later by Frederick II.
2867:
was approaching the age of majority, John surrendered the
5332:
The Crusades: The Story of the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem
4765:, pp. 5â12, The historiography of the Fifth Crusade.
3580:, pp. 612â617, Summoning the New Crusade, 1213â1215.
1809:. There was little appetite in Europe for a new Crusade.
5533:
Les Hospitaliers en Terre Sainte et Ă Chypre (1100â1310)
5396:
Francis and Clare: the Struggles of the Saints of Assisi
2378:, by the Templars and aided by Walter II of Aveses, and
1999:
to follow in his father's footsteps and take the cross.
6310:
Weiler, Björn K. U. (2006). "Frederick II of Germany".
5679:. Encyclopedia Iranica, Vol. III, Fasc. 2, pp. 164â167.
4586:, Document 16: Al-Kamil Muhammad and the Fifth Crusade.
4451:, pp. 161â163, Al-Kamil offers Peace-terms (1219).
3951:, pp. 295â299, Innocent III and the Fifth Crusade.
3513:, pp. 185â311, Volume II, Book XII: Sixth Crusade.
2427:. A lunar eclipse on 9 July was viewed as a good omen.
4704:, pp. 643â649, The Failure of the Egypt Campaign.
4000:, pp. 23â33, Hermann von Salza: FĂŒnften Kreuzzug.
3730:, p. 5, Ibn al-Athir, translated from the Arabic.
3400:
The reference to the Fifth Crusade is relatively new.
2161:
Az-Zahir maintained an alliance with both Antioch and
1840:
sleep they go forth gladly to conquer the Holy Land.â
1789:
was locked in a dispute of the throne in Germany with
4523:, pp. 164â165, King John leaves the Army (1220).
4163:, pp. 397â428, The Capture and Loss of Damietta.
4151:, pp. 151â152, The Crusade Lands in Egypt, 1218.
1754:
and its inability to recover Jerusalem, the on-going
6299:
The Crusade of Andrew II, King of Hungary, 1217â1218
5883:. Printed for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown.
5857:
The History of the Crusades (Histoire des Croisades)
5223:(11th ed.), Cambridge University Press. pp. 524â552.
4837:
3803:
3779:
3763:
2243:
and joined John of Brienne, Raoul of Merencourt and
1805:
and Spain was occupied in their crusade against the
6028:. The Crusades â An Encyclopedia. pp. 427â432.
5869:. The Crusades â An Encyclopedia. pp. 511â513.
5370:. World's manuals. Oxford University Press, London.
4716:, pp. 168â170, Pelagius Sues for Peace (1221).
3498:, pp. 189â190, Foundation of the Latin Empire.
3412:referred to it as part of the Sixth Crusade in his
5568:(in Hungarian). AkadĂ©miai KiadĂł. pp. 79â187.
4367:, pp. 9â11, St Francis and the Fifth Crusade.
4262:, pp. 796â807, AyyĆ«bids (genealogical table).
3973:
2955:Al-Kamil took advantage of this lull to reinforce
2374:In the meantime, efforts were taken to strengthen
2099:in 1220. After the death of George IV, his sister
1848:In April 1213, Innocent III issued his papal bull
4656:, pp. 166â167, The Crusaders Advance (1221).
2905:on an embassy to the court of al-Kamil's brother
2154:, besieging Krak des Chevaliers and advancing to
1801:of 1213â1214. Sicily was ruled by the child-king
6340:. A History of the Crusades (Setton), Volume II.
6248:. A History of the Crusades (Setton), Volume II.
5644:. A History of the Crusades (Setton), Volume II.
5627:. A History of the Crusades (Setton), Volume II.
5447:. A History of the Crusades (Setton), Volume II.
3244:, an account of the Rhineland Crusaders in 1220.
2732:exemplified his view of the power of the cross.
2708:to fight in Italy. He returned to a life of the
5701:Hermann von Salza, Meister des deutschen Ordens
5475:War and Memory at the Time of the Fifth Crusade
5035:Quinti belli sacri scriptores minores sumptibus
4893:(1879). Edited by Reinholt Röhricht. pp. 27â56.
4890:Quinti belli sacri scriptores minores sumptibus
4808:Bird, Jessalynn. "James of Vitry (died 1240)".
4786:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 204.
4574:, pp. 421â424, The conquerors at Damietta.
3921:
3341:(History of Abu al-Fida), by Kurdish historian
2301:, and on 3 November 1217 began to traverse the
2235:The Hungarian army landed on 9 October 1217 on
1893:should have been, to avoid the mistakes of the
1758:, begun in 1209, and the popular fervor of the
23:
5963:. The Crusades â An Encyclopedia, pp. 794â795.
5388:. The Crusades â An Encyclopedia, pp. 343â344.
5379:. The Crusades â An Encyclopedia, pp. 979â984.
5140:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 55.
4823:Jessalynn. "Oliver of Paderborn (died 1227)".
4611:âSecond Stage". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
3830:, pp. 715â719, Mongols and the Near East.
3806:, pp. 96â103, The Crusaders' Delay, 1217.
3609:, pp. 67â88, Recruitment for the Crusade.
3368:Many of these primary sources can be found in
6334:The Latin Empire of Constantinople, 1204â1312
6140:. Six Volumes. University of Wisconsin Press.
6088:Studien zur Geschichte des fĂŒnften Kreuzzuges
5729:. A History of Egypt; v. 6. Methuen, London.
4948:
4692:, pp. 225â226, The Perfect and the Just.
4644:. pp. 111â112. New York: St. Martin's Press.
4391:, pp. 126â147, The Saint and the Sultan.
4139:, pp. 223â224, The Perfect and the Just.
3327:(The Book of the Two Gardens) and its sequel
2901:Late in 1220 or early in 1221, al-Kamil sent
2329:. Al-Adil continued to Damascus, stopping at
1785:The ongoing situation in Europe was chaotic.
871:
786:
338:
16:1217â1221 attempted conquest of the Holy Land
8:
5704:. Verlag von Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig.
5511:. The Fifth Crusade in Context, Mylod (ed.).
4751:The Troubadours and the Song of the Crusades
4499:, pp. 171â172, The Armenian Succession.
2181:, al-Adil's daughter. Saladin's eldest son,
1954:had come under the influence of the saintly
1782:, was contested by the pope as uncanonical.
6289:Studies in Medieval and Renaissance History
5250:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
4961:Kennedy, Hugh. "Ibn al-Athir (1160â1233)".
3815:
3550:, p. 75, The Fifth Crusade, 1218â1221.
2814:died of the plague before the siege began.
2495:ships bound together. The second, called a
6323:. Crusade Texts in Translation. Routledge.
5264:
5169:1912 Supplement. Volume I. London. p. 221.
5065:, pp. 12â14, Annales de Terre Sainte.
4511:, pp. 609â610, John and the Cypriots.
4436:
4427:, pp. 416â418, The Siege of Damietta.
3988:, pp. 168â187, Guillaume de Chartres.
3839:
3597:(1913). New York: Robert Appleton Company.
2118:, who was the patriarch of all successive
878:
864:
856:
793:
779:
771:
345:
331:
323:
20:
5009:Histoire des Sultans Mamlouks de l'Ăgypte
4737:
4728:, pp. 69â97, Failure of the Crusade.
4677:
4571:
4544:
4460:
4424:
4310:, pp. 412â414, Prelude to the Siege.
4307:
4286:, pp. 410â412, Prelude to the Siege.
4283:
4247:
4211:
4199:
4175:, pp. 207â218, Damietta (1218â1219).
4160:
4081:
4069:
4045:
4033:
4021:
4009:
3909:
3894:
3869:, pp. 120â125, Turkey in Asia Minor.
3754:, p. 430, The Course of the Crusade.
3618:
3391:(1882). He also collaborated on the work
3208:) reflects his experience in the Crusade.
2894:. This was the prelude to the disastrous
1991:, later joining the Crusade in 1220, and
1886:, Jean de Veyrac and Robert des AblĂšges.
6217:God's War: A New History of the Crusades
5509:Crusades â Subsidia 9 Chapter 13 185â192
5458:(2nd ed.). Encyclopaedia of Islam.
5062:
4713:
4668:, pp. xxiii, Map of the Nile Delta.
4653:
4583:
4535:, pp. 216â217, The Push to Mansura.
4520:
4496:
4463:, pp. 418â421, Victory at Damietta.
4448:
4376:
4271:
4148:
4124:
3933:
3670:, p. 213, Gautier, eveque d' Autun.
3250:written by a member of the pope's curia.
2390:arrived with a mixed army consisting of
2267:, and numerous archbishops and bishops.
1523:End of the Crusader states in the Levant
5747:The Routledge Companion to the Crusades
5343:The Crusades: The War for the Holy Land
5149:
5023:, pp. 185â192, Chronicle of Amadi.
5020:
4926:, Vol. CXXIV, No. 2, 2018, pp. 283â305.
4906:. Catholic University of America Press.
4825:The Crusades â An Encyclopedialast=Bird
4725:
4701:
4689:
4665:
4595:
4556:
4379:, p. 165, The Expedition to Syria.
4319:
4250:, pp. 405â406, A Disastrous Storm.
4235:
4223:
4136:
4093:
4060:, pp. 206â207, Mount Tabor (1217).
3948:
3818:, pp. 511â513, Kingdom of Georgia.
3775:
3727:
3667:
3633:, p. 80, Ruling from Acre to Tyre.
3577:
3567:. Fordham University. pp. 337â344.
3510:
3470:
3389:Testimonia minora de quinto bello sacro
3360:History of the Patriarchs of Alexandria
3339:Tarikh al-Mukhtasar fi Akhbar al-Bashar
2634:attack on the sultan's camp at Fariskur
2297:The Crusaders were camped near Acre at
2274:, son of Al-Adil, at the stronghold of
2177:, his 3-year-old son, whose mother was
2003:the latest siege technology, including
5718:. A. Constable & Co., Westminster.
5525:. Epochs of history. Longmans, London.
5477:. Pennsylvania State University Press.
5243:
5181:, pp. 176â184, The Sixth Crusade.
5095:
4995:Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle
4936:
4902:Powell, James M. (translator) (2004).
4873:Roger of Wendover's Flowers of history
4856:Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle
4532:
4508:
4487:, pp. 111â115, The Fifth Crusade.
4439:, pp. 221â222, Siege of Damietta.
4184:
4172:
4127:, pp. 551â553, The Fifth Crusade.
4072:, pp. 392â393, The Fifth Crusade.
4057:
4048:, pp. 391â392, The Fifth Crusade.
4036:, pp. 390â391, The Fifth Crusade.
4024:, pp. 389â390, The Fifth Crusade.
4012:, pp. 388â389, The Fifth Crusade.
3976:, pp. 137â159, Garin de Montaigu.
3791:
3751:
3739:
3621:, pp. 382â383, The Fifth Crusade.
3606:
3547:
3535:
2822:The father-in-law of John of Brienne,
1927:Innocent III died on 16 July 1216 and
1667:. An initial campaign in late 1217 in
6361:13th century in the Ayyubid Sultanate
6283:Villegas-AristizĂĄbal, Lucas (2021) .
6148:Historical Dictionary of the Crusades
5235:"Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge"
4795:
4762:
4628:
4484:
4412:
4400:
4388:
4364:
4331:
4295:
4259:
4104:
4102:
3960:Thomas Keightley, Dionysius Lardner:
3866:
3827:
3655:
3646:â. Ph.D thesis, University of London.
3630:
3495:
3382:Scriptores Minores Quinti Belli sacri
2704:(brother of John), diverted from the
7:
6371:Wars involving the Ayyubid Sultanate
6253:Villegas-AristizĂĄbal, Lucas (2019).
5860:. George Routledge and Sons, London.
5600:Artillery in the Era of the Crusades
5547:. University of Pennsylvania Press.
5288:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
5202:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
4598:, pp. 641â643, War in the East.
4403:, p. 160, The Sultan Converted.
4355:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
4322:, pp. 639â640, War in the East.
4298:, pp. 16â17, Outfitted to Kill.
4238:, pp. 634â635, War in the East.
4202:, pp. 400â401, The Chain Tower.
4096:, pp. 628â629, War in the East.
4084:, pp. 101â103, On the way Home.
3997:
3854:
3694:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
3450:in the EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica, and
3304:(1872â1906), include the following.
2979:and the Mongol invasions of Persia.
2898:of 1221 that would end the Crusade.
2818:John of Brienne returns to Jerusalem
6196:England and the Crusades, 1095â1588
5808:The Concise History of the Crusades
5726:History of Egypt in the Middle Ages
5530:Delaville Le Roulx, Joseph (1904).
5278:Crusades (Sources and Bibliography)
5178:
3985:
3460:Crusades (Bibliography and Sources)
2716:in 1212, he travelled to meet with
2566:Al-Kamil considered fleeing to the
2386:arrived with a new German army and
1987:, a veteran of the Fourth Crusade,
6077:Annales de Terre Sainte, 1095â1291
4977:AbĆ« ShÄma ShihÄb al-DÄ«n al-MaqdisÄ«
4740:, pp. 427â428, The Surrender.
4619:New York: Robert Appleton Company.
2909:, now ruling greater Armenia from
2029:At their arrival in Portugal, the
1766:was established, with the emperor
1616:by Western Europeans to reacquire
391:In the Holy Land (1095–1291)
375:Military order (religious society)
14:
5618:Furber, Elizabeth Chapin (1969).
5280:". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
5194:". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
5167:Dictionary of National Biography,
5007:al-Maqrīzī, A. ibn ʻAlī. (1845).
4473:Guillaume de Chartres (died 1218)
4347:". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
3686:". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
3404:called it simply Voyage 8 in his
2574:, but the arrival of his brother
1832:, not to be resolved until 1219.
1776:Latin Patriarch of Constantinople
5658:. State University of New York.
5621:The Kingdom of Cyprus, 1191â1291
5423:. Taplinger Publishing Company.
5308:Frederick II: A Medieval Emperor
5161:Woods, Gabriel Stanley (1912). "
5080:Dictionary of National Biography
4334:, p. 96, Francis of Assisi.
4226:, p. 97, The Fifth Crusade.
3216:is an eyewitness account of the
1995:, who implored by verse a young
1826:War of the Antiochene Succession
58:September 1217 - August 29, 1221
37:
6391:13th-century military alliances
6199:. University of Chicago Press.
6053:The Crusades, c. 1071 â c. 1291
6006:Anatomy of a Crusade, 1213â1221
5865:Mikaberidge, Alexander (2006).
3897:, pp. 98â99, The Campaign.
3538:, p. 373, John de Brienne.
3416:(translation by British author
3321:, an Arab or Kurdish historian.
3270:De expugnatione Salaciae carmen
3264:Other primary sources include:
3114:Christians of the Fifth Crusade
2986:The Crusader force advanced to
2462:during the Fifth Crusade (from
2193:Crusade of Andrew II of Hungary
6319:Wilson, Jonathan, ed. (2021).
6116:. Cambridge University Press.
6056:. Cambridge University Press.
6009:. University of Pennsylvania.
5988:. Cambridge University Press.
5912:The Crusades â An Encyclopedia
5836:. Cambridge University Press.
5787:The Crusades through Arab Eyes
5673:Humphreys, R. Stephen (1987).
5589:The Historie of the Holy Warre
5544:Pelagius and the Fifth Crusade
4963:The Crusades â An Encyclopedia
4904:The Deeds of Pope Innocent III
4885:Gesta Crucigerorum Rhenanorum.
4810:The Crusades â An Encyclopedia
3778:, pp. 979â984, Portugal;
3718:Duncker & Humblot, Berlin.
3710:Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie
3524:The Crusades â An Encyclopedia
3446:in the Catholic Encyclopedia,
3406:The Historie of the Holy Warre
3030:, son of al-Kamil, for Egypt.
2107:The situation in the Holy Land
1764:Latin Empire of Constantinople
497:Crusades after Acre, 1291â1399
1:
6312:The Crusades: An Encyclopedia
6268:10.1080/09503110.2018.1542573
6239:Van Cleve, Thomas C. (1969).
6214:Tyerman, Christopher (2006).
5473:Cassidy-Welch, Megan (2019).
5375:Barroca, MĂĄrio Jorge (2006).
5276:Bréhier, Louis René (1908). "
5190:Bréhier, Louis René (1908). "
5128:Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "
5107:Bréhier, Louis René (1911). "
4680:, pp. 425â428, Mansurah.
4187:, p. 353, Siege Castles.
3591:Fourth Lateran Council (1215)
3241:Gesta crucigerorum Rhenanorum
2848:After Damietta was captured,
2764:Siege of Damietta (1218â1219)
2714:battle of Las Navas de Tolosa
2624:, confounding the defenders.
1774:, who refused it.) The first
1691:, then joined the Crusade in
5830:Maier, Christoph T. (1998).
5723:Lane-Poole, Stanley (1901).
5215:". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.).
4774:Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911).
4109:The Fifth Crusade, 1218â1221
3857:, pp. 697â699, Al-Adil.
3565:Internet Medieval Sourcebook
3561:"Summons to a Crusade, 1215"
3522:Goldsmith, Linda (2006). In
3370:Crusade Texts in Translation
3190:by theologian and historian
3118:Muslims of the Fifth Crusade
2169:, to check the influence of
1844:Preparations for the Crusade
6175:. Oxford University Press.
6085:Röhricht, Reinhold (1891).
5597:Fulton, Michael S. (2018).
5541:Donovan, Joseph P. (1950).
5311:. Oxford University Press.
5267:, The Mohammedan Dynasties.
4475:. The Templar Order (2020).
3922:Ărszegi & Solymosi 1981
3703:Hoogeweg, Hermann (1887). "
3479:"Fifth Crusade (1217-1221)"
3315:The Years 589â629/1193â1231
3168:work and drawing from both
2836:Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia
2448:attempt to cross the Nile.
2126:retained his leadership in
6409:
6296:Veszprémy, Låszló (2002).
6145:Slack, Corliss K. (2013).
5805:Madden, Thomas F. (2013).
5503:Coureas, Nicholas (2017).
5399:. Lodwin Press, New York.
4640:Foltz, Richard C. (1999).
4607:Stockmann, Alois (1911). "
4343:Paschal Robinson (1909). "
3642:Smith, Thomas W. (2013). "
3294:Recueil des historiens des
3098:Walther von der Vogelweide
3096:is a famous lyric poem by
3017:, and Sicilian chancellor
2903:Fakhr ad-Din ibn as-Shaikh
2878:
2761:
2657:, a seneschal of the late
2239:from where they sailed to
1828:, begun with the death of
1182:Period post-Second Crusade
6137:A History of the Crusades
6034:Reinaud, Joseph Toussaint
6026:Fifth Crusade (1217â1221)
6024:Powell, James M. (2006).
6003:Powell, James M. (1986).
5441:Mongols and the Near East
5340:Asbridge, Thomas (2012).
5130:Reinaud, Joseph Toussaint
5074:Stephen, Leslie (1889). "
4869:Giles, J. A. (John Allen)
4838:Villegas-AristizĂĄbal 2021
4113:A History of the Crusades
3804:Villegas-AristizĂĄbal 2021
3780:Villegas-AristizĂĄbal 2019
3764:Villegas-AristizĂĄbal 2021
3329:al-Dhayl ÊżalÄ l-rawážatayn
3161:Estoire dâEracles Ă©mperor
2881:Battle of Mansurah (1221)
2748:Province of the Holy Land
2521:Preparation for the siege
2435:. He was still camped at
2005:counterweight trebuchets.
1939:and died in confinement.
1726:Following the successful
1643:After the failure of the
1393:Period post-Third Crusade
966:Period post-First Crusade
900:
810:
365:Ideology and institutions
362:
308:
295:
188:
90:
50:
36:
28:
5909:Murray, Alan V. (2006).
5852:Michaud, Joseph François
5813:Rowman & Littlefield
5482:Christie, Niall (2014).
5393:Brady, Kathleen (2021).
5346:. Simon & Schuster.
5211:Barker, Ernest (1911). "
4989:Kreckel, Manuel (2016).
3658:, p. 175, Pelagius.
3422:Joseph Toussaint Reinaud
3310:Complete Work of History
3281:Gesta obsidionis Damiate
3232:, by English chronicler
3184:Historia Hierosolymitana
3086:with a song of her own,
3082:responded to Figueira's
2806:and his son Walter, and
2568:Ayyubid emirate of Yemen
2122:of Egypt. Saladin's son
2010:In Iberia and the Levant
1997:William VI of Montferrat
1822:Isabella II of Jerusalem
1628:, ruled by the powerful
207:Simon III of SaarbrĂŒcken
5959:Nicolle, David (2006).
5693:. Encyclopedia Iranica.
5592:. W. Pickering, London.
5384:Bird, Jessalyn (2006).
5233:Schaff, Philip (1884).
5217:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica
5134:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica
5109:Joseph-François Michaud
4780:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica
4749:Kaye, Haley Caroline, "
4559:, The conquest of Iran.
3974:Delaville Le Roulx 1904
3410:Joseph-François Michaud
3394:Annales de Terre Sainte
2674:Saint Francis of Assisi
2542:, illegitimate sons of
2413:Simon III of SarrebrĂŒck
2216:Otto I, Duke of Merania
2097:invasion of the Mongols
2043:siege of AlcĂĄcer do Sal
1974:Frederick II of Germany
1659:, soon to be joined by
6099:Histoire des Templiers
6096:Roy, J. J. E. (1853).
5784:Maalouf, Amin (2006).
5773:Longnon, Jean (1978).
5603:. Brill Publications.
5452:Cahen, Claude (2012).
5438:Cahen, Claude (1969).
5086:. London. pp. 315â320.
4850:Ruch, Lisa M. (2016).
3414:Histoire des Croisades
3351:by Egyptian historian
3258:Richard of San Germano
3080:Gormonda de Monpeslier
2923:Ala ad-Din Muhammad II
2917:. When Abbasid caliph
2726:Santiago de Compostela
2693:
2665:Saint Francis in Egypt
2584:Walter III of Caesarea
2548:Guillaume II de GenĂšve
2473:
2232:
2148:Bohemond IV of Antioch
2024:Santiago de Compostela
1871:Fourth Lateran Council
1675:, and a mixed army of
223:Bohemond IV of Antioch
189:Commanders and leaders
6366:13th-century crusades
5942:10.4324/9781315574059
5930:Mylod, M. J. (2017).
5756:10.4324/9780203389638
5650:Humphreys, R. Stephen
5327:Archer, Thomas Andrew
5282:Catholic Encyclopedia
5196:Catholic Encyclopedia
5113:Catholic Encyclopedia
5047:Röhricht, R. (1882).
5032:Röhricht, R. (1879).
4875:. London: H. G. Bohn.
4613:Catholic Encyclopedia
4349:Catholic Encyclopedia
4345:St. Francis of Assisi
3879:Alexander Mikaberidze
3688:Catholic Encyclopedia
3595:Catholic Encyclopedia
3387:and its continuation
3248:Gesta Innocentii III,
3206:Oliverus scholasticus
3174:Rothelin Continuation
3149:Gesta Dei per Francos
2812:Guillaume de Chartres
2758:The Siege of Damietta
2702:Walter III of Brienne
2672:
2642:Ranulf de Blondeville
2608:Al-Muzaffar II Mahmud
2532:Ranulf de Blondeville
2477:The Tower of Damietta
2454:
2407:The campaign in Egypt
2369:Melisende of Lusignan
2255:of the Templars, and
2253:Guillaume de Chartres
2251:of the Hospitallers,
2228:
2212:Leopold VI of Austria
2133:After naval raids on
1933:Peter II of Courtenay
1719:. Holy Roman Emperor
1657:Leopold VI of Austria
1570:Lord Edward's Crusade
309:Casualties and losses
199:Leopold VI of Austria
6191:Tyerman, Christopher
6091:. Wagner, InnsbrĂŒck.
5977:. Macmillan, London.
5888:Moses, Paul (2009).
5744:Lock, Peter (2006).
5698:Koch, Adolf (1885).
3705:Oliver von Paderborn
3331:, by Arab historian
3302:Historiens orientaux
3078:. The more orthodox
2875:Disaster at Mansurah
2865:Walter IV of Brienne
2828:Stephanie of Armenia
2612:Ayyubid emir of Hama
2458:attack a tower near
2388:William I of Holland
2346:Ayyubid emir of Homs
2265:Walter II of Avesnes
2230:Andrew II of Hungary
2222:on 23 August 1217.
2199:Andrew II of Hungary
2167:Seljuk sultan of Rûm
2093:George IV of Georgia
2020:William I of Holland
1970:Andrew II of Hungary
1912:In order to protect
1689:William I of Holland
1653:Andrew II of Hungary
1624:by first conquering
1620:and the rest of the
215:William I of Holland
195:Andrew II of Hungary
133:Kingdom of Jerusalem
6314:. pp. 475â477.
6151:. Scarecrow Press.
6080:. E. Leroux, Paris.
5982:Perry, Guy (2013).
5710:Lane-Poole, Stanley
5536:. E. Leroux, Paris.
5517:Cox, George William
5163:Cox, George William
4918:Narratio patriarcae
4852:"Roger of Wendover"
4840:, pp. 110â149.
4827:. pp. 898â899.
3936:, pp. 147â148.
3912:, pp. 387â388.
3286:Giovanni Codagnello
3213:De Itinere Frisonum
3202:Oliver of Paderborn
3198:Historia Damiatina,
3180:Historia Orientalis
2965:Ulrich II of Passau
2892:archbishop of Crete
2832:Isabella of Armenia
2808:Hugh IX of Lusignan
2737:Illuminato da Rieti
2696:In September 1219,
2678:Illuminato da Rieti
2570:, ruled by his son
2511:Oliver of Paderborn
2499:, was commanded by
2384:Oliver of Paderborn
2144:Krak des Chevaliers
2053:, on October 1217.
2051:Knights Hospitaller
2037:controlled city of
1966:Oliver of Paderborn
1914:Raoul of Merencourt
1878:and the bishops of
1867:Philip II of France
1818:Maria of Montferrat
1797:, resulting in the
1756:Albigensian Crusade
1673:Oliver of Paderborn
1560:Krak des Chevaliers
749:Crusade of the Poor
259:Ulrich II of Passau
211:Oliver of Paderborn
165:Knights Hospitaller
111:Kingdom of Portugal
6262:. pp. 50â67.
6132:Setton, Kenneth M.
6072:Röhricht, Reinhold
5969:Oliphant, Margaret
5420:Pre-Ottoman Turkey
4949:Cassidy-Welch 2019
4915:Donnadieu, Jean. "
3885:, Volume 1, p. 311
3456:Stanley Lane-Poole
3374:Chroniques d'Amadi
3325:KitÄb al-rawážatayn
3229:Flores Historiarum
3102:Middle High German
3084:D'un sirventes far
3045:Walter of Palearia
3019:Walter of Palearia
2961:Louis I of Bavaria
2896:battle of Mansurah
2890:, and the unnamed
2850:Walter of Caesarea
2750:, a priory of the
2694:
2680:before the Sultan
2474:
2425:Guérin de Montaigu
2342:al-Mujahid Shirkuh
2303:plain of Esdraelon
2249:Guérin de Montaigu
2233:
2101:Rusudan of Georgia
2085:Kingdom of Georgia
1993:Aimery de PĂ©gulhan
1948:Walter II of Autun
1944:Pelagius of Albano
1760:Children's Crusade
1736:battle of Mansurah
1632:sultanate, led by
1428:3rd Constantinople
1423:2nd Constantinople
1328:2nd Belvoir Castle
1288:1st Belvoir Castle
1151:1st Constantinople
676:Against Christians
380:Crusade indulgence
370:Crusading movement
290:Al-Mujahid Shirkuh
255:Louis I of Bavaria
235:Guérin de Montaigu
116:Kingdom of Hungary
6329:Wolff, Robert Lee
6242:The Fifth Crusade
6102:. A. Mame, Tours.
5974:Francis of Assisi
5779:. Librairie Droz.
4951:, pp. 62â63.
3782:, pp. 59â64.
3766:, pp. 82â89.
3378:Reinhold Röhricht
3349:History of Egypt,
3234:Roger of Wendover
3166:William of Tyre's
3138:secondary sources
3088:Greu m'es a durar
2950:Peire de Montagut
2915:Mongols in Persia
2888:Enrico da Settala
2869:County of Brienne
2858:Ralph of Tiberias
2804:Milo IV of Puiset
2770:Hervé IV of Donzy
2722:Muhammad an-NÄsir
2698:Francis of Assisi
2655:Savari de Mauléon
2630:Peire de Montagut
2610:, the son of the
2492:siege of Damietta
2484:Burj al-Silsilahâ
2456:Frisian crusaders
2417:Peire de Montagut
2210:, accompanied by
2078:Ingi II of Norway
1863:Robert of Courçon
1791:Otto of Brunswick
1728:siege of Damietta
1665:King of Jerusalem
1603:
1602:
890:: battles in the
853:
852:
768:
767:
754:Shepherds' (1320)
744:Shepherds' (1251)
728:(1096–1320)
678:(1209–1588)
613:(1147–1410)
491:(1291–1717)
321:
320:
227:Peire de Montagut
138:Kingdom of Cyprus
121:Kingdom of France
105:Holy Roman Empire
86:
85:
45:Siege of Damietta
6398:
6341:
6339:
6324:
6315:
6306:
6304:
6292:
6279:
6249:
6247:
6235:
6210:
6186:
6162:
6141:
6127:
6108:Runciman, Steven
6103:
6092:
6081:
6067:
6048:Richard, Jean C.
6043:
6029:
6020:
5999:
5978:
5964:
5955:
5926:
5905:
5884:
5870:
5861:
5847:
5826:
5801:
5780:
5769:
5740:
5719:
5705:
5694:
5680:
5669:
5645:
5643:
5628:
5626:
5614:
5593:
5579:
5558:
5537:
5526:
5512:
5499:
5478:
5469:
5448:
5446:
5434:
5410:
5389:
5380:
5371:
5357:
5336:
5322:
5289:
5274:
5268:
5262:
5256:
5255:
5249:
5241:
5239:
5230:
5224:
5209:
5203:
5188:
5182:
5176:
5170:
5159:
5153:
5147:
5141:
5126:
5120:
5105:
5099:
5093:
5087:
5072:
5066:
5060:
5054:
5045:
5039:
5030:
5024:
5018:
5012:
5005:
4999:
4998:
4986:
4980:
4975:Antrim, Zayde, â
4973:
4967:
4966:
4958:
4952:
4946:
4940:
4933:
4927:
4913:
4907:
4900:
4894:
4882:
4876:
4866:
4860:
4859:
4847:
4841:
4835:
4829:
4828:
4820:
4814:
4813:
4805:
4799:
4793:
4787:
4772:
4766:
4760:
4754:
4747:
4741:
4735:
4729:
4723:
4717:
4711:
4705:
4699:
4693:
4687:
4681:
4675:
4669:
4663:
4657:
4651:
4645:
4638:
4632:
4626:
4620:
4605:
4599:
4593:
4587:
4581:
4575:
4569:
4560:
4554:
4548:
4542:
4536:
4530:
4524:
4518:
4512:
4506:
4500:
4494:
4488:
4482:
4476:
4470:
4464:
4458:
4452:
4446:
4440:
4434:
4428:
4422:
4416:
4410:
4404:
4398:
4392:
4386:
4380:
4374:
4368:
4362:
4356:
4341:
4335:
4329:
4323:
4317:
4311:
4305:
4299:
4293:
4287:
4281:
4275:
4269:
4263:
4257:
4251:
4245:
4239:
4233:
4227:
4221:
4215:
4209:
4203:
4197:
4188:
4182:
4176:
4170:
4164:
4158:
4152:
4146:
4140:
4134:
4128:
4122:
4116:
4115:(Setton, editor)
4106:
4097:
4091:
4085:
4079:
4073:
4067:
4061:
4055:
4049:
4043:
4037:
4031:
4025:
4019:
4013:
4007:
4001:
3995:
3989:
3983:
3977:
3971:
3965:
3958:
3952:
3946:
3937:
3931:
3925:
3919:
3913:
3907:
3898:
3892:
3886:
3876:
3870:
3864:
3858:
3852:
3843:
3837:
3831:
3825:
3819:
3816:Mikaberidge 2006
3813:
3807:
3801:
3795:
3789:
3783:
3773:
3767:
3761:
3755:
3749:
3743:
3737:
3731:
3725:
3719:
3701:
3695:
3684:Jacques de Vitry
3677:
3671:
3665:
3659:
3653:
3647:
3640:
3634:
3628:
3622:
3616:
3610:
3604:
3598:
3587:
3581:
3575:
3569:
3568:
3557:
3551:
3545:
3539:
3533:
3527:
3520:
3514:
3508:
3499:
3493:
3487:
3486:
3475:
3319:Ali ibn al-Athir
3275:Goswin of Bossut
3192:Jacques de Vitry
3142:tertiary sources
3076:Guilhem Figueira
2992:Ashmun al-Rumman
2963:and his bishop,
2854:Philip of Novara
2824:Leo I of Armenia
2752:Franciscan Order
2650:battle of Hattin
2595:Krak de Montréal
2552:Milo of Nanteuil
2528:Pelagius Galvani
2501:Adolf VI of Berg
2421:Hermann of Salza
2292:emir of Damascus
2261:Teutonic Knights
2257:Hermann of Salza
2245:Hugh I of Cyprus
2175:al-Aziz Muhammad
2171:Leo I of Armenia
2089:Tamar of Georgia
2087:in the Crusade.
2031:Bishop of Lisbon
1989:Pons de Capduelh
1956:Marie of Oignies
1952:Jacques de Vitry
1922:Hugh I of Cyprus
1918:Leo I of Armenia
1799:Anglo-French war
1787:Philip of Swabia
1717:Teutonic Knights
1697:Pelagius Galvani
1687:soldiers led by
895:
880:
873:
866:
857:
805:
795:
788:
781:
772:
482:Fall of Outremer
385:Papal income tax
357:
347:
340:
333:
324:
267:
251:Pelagius Galvani
247:
231:Hermann of Salza
219:Hugh I of Cyprus
149:Military orders:
52:
51:
41:
21:
6408:
6407:
6401:
6400:
6399:
6397:
6396:
6395:
6346:
6345:
6344:
6337:
6327:
6318:
6309:
6302:
6295:
6282:
6252:
6245:
6238:
6232:
6213:
6207:
6189:
6183:
6165:
6159:
6144:
6130:
6124:
6106:
6095:
6084:
6070:
6064:
6046:
6042:. Dondey-Dupré.
6032:
6023:
6017:
6002:
5996:
5981:
5967:
5958:
5952:
5929:
5923:
5908:
5902:
5887:
5873:
5864:
5850:
5844:
5829:
5823:
5804:
5798:
5783:
5772:
5766:
5743:
5737:
5722:
5708:
5697:
5683:
5672:
5666:
5648:
5641:
5631:
5624:
5617:
5611:
5596:
5582:
5576:
5561:
5555:
5540:
5529:
5515:
5502:
5496:
5481:
5472:
5466:
5451:
5444:
5437:
5431:
5413:
5407:
5392:
5383:
5374:
5360:
5354:
5339:
5325:
5319:
5303:Abulafia, David
5301:
5297:
5292:
5275:
5271:
5265:Lane-Poole 1894
5263:
5259:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5231:
5227:
5210:
5206:
5189:
5185:
5177:
5173:
5160:
5156:
5148:
5144:
5127:
5123:
5106:
5102:
5094:
5090:
5073:
5069:
5061:
5057:
5046:
5042:
5031:
5027:
5019:
5015:
5006:
5002:
4988:
4987:
4983:
4974:
4970:
4960:
4959:
4955:
4947:
4943:
4934:
4930:
4914:
4910:
4901:
4897:
4883:
4879:
4867:
4863:
4849:
4848:
4844:
4836:
4832:
4822:
4821:
4817:
4807:
4806:
4802:
4794:
4790:
4776:Jacques Bongars
4773:
4769:
4761:
4757:
4748:
4744:
4736:
4732:
4724:
4720:
4712:
4708:
4700:
4696:
4688:
4684:
4676:
4672:
4664:
4660:
4652:
4648:
4639:
4635:
4627:
4623:
4606:
4602:
4594:
4590:
4582:
4578:
4570:
4563:
4555:
4551:
4543:
4539:
4531:
4527:
4519:
4515:
4507:
4503:
4495:
4491:
4483:
4479:
4471:
4467:
4459:
4455:
4447:
4443:
4437:Lane-Poole 1901
4435:
4431:
4423:
4419:
4411:
4407:
4399:
4395:
4387:
4383:
4375:
4371:
4363:
4359:
4342:
4338:
4330:
4326:
4318:
4314:
4306:
4302:
4294:
4290:
4282:
4278:
4270:
4266:
4258:
4254:
4246:
4242:
4234:
4230:
4222:
4218:
4210:
4206:
4198:
4191:
4183:
4179:
4171:
4167:
4159:
4155:
4147:
4143:
4135:
4131:
4123:
4119:
4107:
4100:
4092:
4088:
4080:
4076:
4068:
4064:
4056:
4052:
4044:
4040:
4032:
4028:
4020:
4016:
4008:
4004:
3996:
3992:
3984:
3980:
3972:
3968:
3959:
3955:
3947:
3940:
3932:
3928:
3920:
3916:
3908:
3901:
3893:
3889:
3877:
3873:
3865:
3861:
3853:
3846:
3840:Lane-Poole 1901
3838:
3834:
3826:
3822:
3814:
3810:
3802:
3798:
3790:
3786:
3774:
3770:
3762:
3758:
3750:
3746:
3738:
3734:
3726:
3722:
3702:
3698:
3678:
3674:
3666:
3662:
3654:
3650:
3641:
3637:
3629:
3625:
3617:
3613:
3605:
3601:
3588:
3584:
3576:
3572:
3559:
3558:
3554:
3546:
3542:
3534:
3530:
3521:
3517:
3509:
3502:
3494:
3490:
3477:
3476:
3472:
3468:
3313:, particularly
3220:' journey from
3153:Jacques Bongars
3134:primary sources
3126:
3110:
3053:John of Brienne
3040:
2999:Alice of Cyprus
2946:ChĂąteau PĂšlerin
2883:
2877:
2820:
2766:
2760:
2690:Benozzo Gozzoli
2684:. 15th century
2667:
2659:John of England
2638:Aymar de Lairon
2572:al-Mas'ud Yusuf
2523:
2479:
2469:Chronica Majora
2466:' 13th-century
2439:, and his sons
2409:
2376:ChĂąteau PĂšlerin
2195:
2120:Ayyubid sultans
2109:
2047:Knights Templar
2012:
1876:Aubrey of Reims
1874:represented by
1846:
1814:John of Brienne
1780:Thomas Morosini
1778:, the Venetian
1744:
1661:John of Brienne
1606:
1605:
1604:
1599:
1499:Seventh Crusade
896:
886:
884:
854:
849:
806:
801:
799:
769:
764:
734:People's (1096)
358:
353:
351:
288:
284:
280:
276:
263:
257:
253:
249:
243:
239:Aymar de Lairon
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
203:John of Brienne
201:
197:
155:Knights Templar
82:Ayyubid victory
74:
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6406:
6405:
6402:
6394:
6393:
6388:
6383:
6378:
6373:
6368:
6363:
6358:
6348:
6347:
6343:
6342:
6325:
6316:
6307:
6293:
6280:
6250:
6236:
6231:978-0674023871
6230:
6211:
6205:
6187:
6182:978-0199239726
6181:
6167:Tolan, John V.
6163:
6158:978-0810878303
6157:
6142:
6128:
6123:978-0521347723
6122:
6104:
6093:
6082:
6068:
6063:978-0521625661
6062:
6044:
6030:
6021:
6016:978-0812213232
6015:
6000:
5995:978-1107043107
5994:
5979:
5965:
5956:
5951:978-0367880354
5950:
5927:
5922:978-1576078624
5921:
5906:
5901:978-0385523707
5900:
5885:
5875:Mills, Charles
5871:
5862:
5848:
5842:
5827:
5822:978-1442215764
5821:
5802:
5797:978-0863560231
5796:
5790:. Saqi Books.
5781:
5770:
5764:
5741:
5736:978-0790532042
5735:
5720:
5706:
5695:
5685:Jackson, Peter
5681:
5670:
5665:978-0873952637
5664:
5646:
5633:Gibb, H. A. R.
5629:
5615:
5610:978-9004349452
5609:
5594:
5584:Fuller, Thomas
5580:
5574:
5559:
5554:978-1512801491
5553:
5538:
5527:
5513:
5500:
5495:978-1138543102
5494:
5479:
5470:
5465:978-9004161214
5464:
5449:
5435:
5430:978-1597404563
5429:
5411:
5406:978-1565482210
5405:
5390:
5381:
5372:
5362:Barker, Ernest
5358:
5353:978-1849836883
5352:
5337:
5323:
5317:
5298:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5290:
5269:
5257:
5225:
5204:
5183:
5171:
5154:
5142:
5121:
5100:
5088:
5067:
5055:
5040:
5025:
5013:
5000:
4981:
4968:
4965:. p. 625.
4953:
4941:
4928:
4908:
4895:
4877:
4861:
4842:
4830:
4815:
4800:
4788:
4767:
4755:
4742:
4738:Van Cleve 1969
4730:
4718:
4706:
4694:
4682:
4678:Van Cleve 1969
4670:
4658:
4646:
4633:
4621:
4600:
4588:
4576:
4572:Van Cleve 1969
4561:
4549:
4547:, p. 167.
4545:Humphreys 1977
4537:
4525:
4513:
4501:
4489:
4477:
4465:
4461:Van Cleve 1969
4453:
4441:
4429:
4425:Van Cleve 1969
4417:
4405:
4393:
4381:
4369:
4357:
4336:
4324:
4312:
4308:Van Cleve 1969
4300:
4288:
4284:Van Cleve 1969
4276:
4264:
4252:
4248:Van Cleve 1969
4240:
4228:
4216:
4212:Humphreys 1977
4204:
4200:Van Cleve 1969
4189:
4177:
4165:
4161:Van Cleve 1969
4153:
4141:
4129:
4117:
4098:
4086:
4082:Veszprémy 2002
4074:
4070:Van Cleve 1969
4062:
4050:
4046:Van Cleve 1969
4038:
4034:Van Cleve 1969
4026:
4022:Van Cleve 1969
4014:
4010:Van Cleve 1969
4002:
3990:
3978:
3966:
3953:
3938:
3926:
3924:, p. 133.
3914:
3910:Van Cleve 1969
3899:
3895:Veszprémy 2002
3887:
3871:
3859:
3844:
3832:
3820:
3808:
3796:
3784:
3768:
3756:
3744:
3732:
3720:
3696:
3680:Bréhier, Louis
3672:
3660:
3648:
3635:
3623:
3619:Van Cleve 1969
3611:
3599:
3582:
3570:
3552:
3540:
3528:
3526:. pp. 690â691.
3515:
3500:
3488:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3458:and Bréhier's
3418:William Robson
3366:
3365:
3356:
3346:
3336:
3322:
3289:
3288:
3277:
3262:
3261:
3251:
3245:
3237:
3225:
3209:
3195:
3177:
3130:historiography
3125:
3124:Historiography
3122:
3109:
3106:
3049:Henry of Malta
3039:
3036:
3028:as-Salih Ayyub
3015:Henry of Malta
2948:, defended by
2925:, shah of the
2876:
2873:
2843:Raymond-Roupen
2819:
2816:
2759:
2756:
2730:wolf of Gubbio
2706:Fourth Crusade
2666:
2663:
2616:Guy I Embriaco
2522:
2519:
2478:
2475:
2437:Marj al-Saffar
2408:
2405:
2338:Jisr el-Majami
2331:Marj al-Saffar
2194:
2191:
2124:az-Zahir Ghazi
2108:
2105:
2039:AlcĂĄcer do Sal
2011:
2008:
1960:Bishop of Acre
1895:Fourth Crusade
1856:Ad Liberandam,
1845:
1842:
1812:In Jerusalem,
1772:Enrico Dandolo
1752:Fourth Crusade
1743:
1740:
1645:Fourth Crusade
1601:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1555:Eighth Crusade
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1519:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1495:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1465:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1431:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1411:Fourth Crusade
1407:
1406:
1401:
1390:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1356:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1179:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1166:Meander Valley
1163:
1158:
1153:
1144:Second Crusade
1140:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1087:Marj al-Saffar
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1067:Jaffa and Tyre
1064:
1059:
1057:Ager Sanguinis
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
963:
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
901:
898:
897:
885:
883:
882:
875:
868:
860:
851:
850:
848:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
815:AlcĂĄcer do Sal
811:
808:
807:
800:
798:
797:
790:
783:
775:
766:
765:
757:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
722:
721:
719:Spanish Armada
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
672:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
645:
644:
639:
634:
626:
621:
607:
606:
605:
604:
599:
594:
589:
584:
579:
574:
569:
564:
559:
549:
544:
539:
538:
537:
532:
527:
519:
514:
509:
504:
499:
489:Later Crusades
485:
484:
479:
474:
469:
464:
459:
454:
449:
444:
439:
434:
429:
424:
419:
414:
409:
404:
399:
388:
387:
382:
377:
372:
363:
360:
359:
352:
350:
349:
342:
335:
327:
319:
318:
315:
311:
310:
306:
305:
302:
298:
297:
293:
292:
269:
191:
190:
186:
185:
184:
183:
173:Muslim forces:
169:
168:
167:
162:
160:Teutonic Order
157:
146:
145:
140:
135:
124:
123:
118:
113:
108:
93:
92:
88:
87:
84:
83:
80:
76:
75:
66:
64:
60:
59:
56:
48:
47:
34:
33:
26:
25:
19:
18:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6404:
6403:
6392:
6389:
6387:
6384:
6382:
6379:
6377:
6374:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6357:
6356:Fifth Crusade
6354:
6353:
6351:
6336:
6335:
6330:
6326:
6322:
6317:
6313:
6308:
6301:
6300:
6294:
6290:
6286:
6281:
6277:
6273:
6269:
6265:
6261:
6260:
6257:
6251:
6244:
6243:
6237:
6233:
6227:
6223:
6222:Belknap Press
6219:
6218:
6212:
6208:
6202:
6198:
6197:
6192:
6188:
6184:
6178:
6174:
6173:
6168:
6164:
6160:
6154:
6150:
6149:
6143:
6139:
6138:
6133:
6129:
6125:
6119:
6115:
6114:
6109:
6105:
6101:
6100:
6094:
6090:
6089:
6083:
6079:
6078:
6073:
6069:
6065:
6059:
6055:
6054:
6049:
6045:
6041:
6040:
6035:
6031:
6027:
6022:
6018:
6012:
6008:
6007:
6001:
5997:
5991:
5987:
5986:
5980:
5976:
5975:
5970:
5966:
5962:
5957:
5953:
5947:
5943:
5939:
5936:. Routledge.
5935:
5934:
5928:
5924:
5918:
5914:
5913:
5907:
5903:
5897:
5894:. Doubleday.
5893:
5892:
5886:
5882:
5881:
5876:
5872:
5868:
5863:
5859:
5858:
5853:
5849:
5845:
5839:
5835:
5834:
5828:
5824:
5818:
5814:
5810:
5809:
5803:
5799:
5793:
5789:
5788:
5782:
5778:
5777:
5771:
5767:
5761:
5757:
5753:
5750:. Routledge.
5749:
5748:
5742:
5738:
5732:
5728:
5727:
5721:
5717:
5716:
5711:
5707:
5703:
5702:
5696:
5692:
5691:
5686:
5682:
5678:
5677:
5671:
5667:
5661:
5657:
5656:
5651:
5647:
5640:
5639:
5634:
5630:
5623:
5622:
5616:
5612:
5606:
5602:
5601:
5595:
5591:
5590:
5585:
5581:
5577:
5575:963-05-2661-1
5571:
5567:
5565:
5560:
5556:
5550:
5546:
5545:
5539:
5535:
5534:
5528:
5524:
5523:
5518:
5514:
5510:
5506:
5501:
5497:
5491:
5488:. Routledge.
5487:
5486:
5480:
5476:
5471:
5467:
5461:
5457:
5456:
5450:
5443:
5442:
5436:
5432:
5426:
5422:
5421:
5416:
5415:Cahen, Claude
5412:
5408:
5402:
5398:
5397:
5391:
5387:
5382:
5378:
5373:
5369:
5368:
5363:
5359:
5355:
5349:
5345:
5344:
5338:
5334:
5333:
5328:
5324:
5320:
5314:
5310:
5309:
5304:
5300:
5299:
5294:
5287:
5283:
5279:
5273:
5270:
5266:
5261:
5258:
5253:
5247:
5236:
5229:
5226:
5222:
5218:
5214:
5208:
5205:
5201:
5197:
5193:
5187:
5184:
5180:
5175:
5172:
5168:
5164:
5158:
5155:
5151:
5146:
5143:
5139:
5135:
5131:
5125:
5122:
5118:
5114:
5110:
5104:
5101:
5097:
5092:
5089:
5085:
5081:
5077:
5076:Thomas Fuller
5071:
5068:
5064:
5063:Röhricht 1884
5059:
5056:
5052:
5051:
5044:
5041:
5037:
5036:
5029:
5026:
5022:
5017:
5014:
5010:
5004:
5001:
4996:
4992:
4991:"AbĆ« al-FidÄ"
4985:
4982:
4978:
4972:
4969:
4964:
4957:
4954:
4950:
4945:
4942:
4938:
4932:
4929:
4925:
4921:
4919:
4912:
4909:
4905:
4899:
4896:
4892:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4878:
4874:
4870:
4865:
4862:
4857:
4853:
4846:
4843:
4839:
4834:
4831:
4826:
4819:
4816:
4811:
4804:
4801:
4797:
4792:
4789:
4785:
4781:
4777:
4771:
4768:
4764:
4759:
4756:
4752:
4746:
4743:
4739:
4734:
4731:
4727:
4722:
4719:
4715:
4714:Runciman 1954
4710:
4707:
4703:
4698:
4695:
4691:
4686:
4683:
4679:
4674:
4671:
4667:
4662:
4659:
4655:
4654:Runciman 1954
4650:
4647:
4643:
4637:
4634:
4630:
4625:
4622:
4618:
4614:
4610:
4604:
4601:
4597:
4592:
4589:
4585:
4584:Christie 2014
4580:
4577:
4573:
4568:
4566:
4562:
4558:
4553:
4550:
4546:
4541:
4538:
4534:
4529:
4526:
4522:
4521:Runciman 1954
4517:
4514:
4510:
4505:
4502:
4498:
4497:Runciman 1954
4493:
4490:
4486:
4481:
4478:
4474:
4469:
4466:
4462:
4457:
4454:
4450:
4449:Runciman 1954
4445:
4442:
4438:
4433:
4430:
4426:
4421:
4418:
4414:
4409:
4406:
4402:
4397:
4394:
4390:
4385:
4382:
4378:
4377:Oliphant 1907
4373:
4370:
4366:
4361:
4358:
4354:
4350:
4346:
4340:
4337:
4333:
4328:
4325:
4321:
4316:
4313:
4309:
4304:
4301:
4297:
4292:
4289:
4285:
4280:
4277:
4273:
4272:Runciman 1954
4268:
4265:
4261:
4256:
4253:
4249:
4244:
4241:
4237:
4232:
4229:
4225:
4220:
4217:
4213:
4208:
4205:
4201:
4196:
4194:
4190:
4186:
4181:
4178:
4174:
4169:
4166:
4162:
4157:
4154:
4150:
4149:Runciman 1954
4145:
4142:
4138:
4133:
4130:
4126:
4125:Asbridge 2012
4121:
4118:
4114:
4110:
4105:
4103:
4099:
4095:
4090:
4087:
4083:
4078:
4075:
4071:
4066:
4063:
4059:
4054:
4051:
4047:
4042:
4039:
4035:
4030:
4027:
4023:
4018:
4015:
4011:
4006:
4003:
3999:
3994:
3991:
3987:
3982:
3979:
3975:
3970:
3967:
3963:
3957:
3954:
3950:
3945:
3943:
3939:
3935:
3934:Runciman 1954
3930:
3927:
3923:
3918:
3915:
3911:
3906:
3904:
3900:
3896:
3891:
3888:
3884:
3880:
3875:
3872:
3868:
3863:
3860:
3856:
3851:
3849:
3845:
3841:
3836:
3833:
3829:
3824:
3821:
3817:
3812:
3809:
3805:
3800:
3797:
3794:, p. 87.
3793:
3788:
3785:
3781:
3777:
3772:
3769:
3765:
3760:
3757:
3753:
3748:
3745:
3741:
3736:
3733:
3729:
3724:
3721:
3717:
3713:
3711:
3706:
3700:
3697:
3693:
3689:
3685:
3681:
3676:
3673:
3669:
3664:
3661:
3657:
3652:
3649:
3645:
3639:
3636:
3632:
3627:
3624:
3620:
3615:
3612:
3608:
3603:
3600:
3596:
3592:
3586:
3583:
3579:
3574:
3571:
3566:
3562:
3556:
3553:
3549:
3544:
3541:
3537:
3532:
3529:
3525:
3519:
3516:
3512:
3507:
3505:
3501:
3497:
3492:
3489:
3484:
3480:
3474:
3471:
3465:
3463:
3461:
3457:
3453:
3452:Philip Schaff
3449:
3448:Ernest Barker
3445:
3444:Louis Bréhier
3440:
3438:
3435:
3431:
3427:
3423:
3419:
3415:
3411:
3407:
3403:
3402:Thomas Fuller
3398:
3396:
3395:
3390:
3386:
3383:
3379:
3375:
3371:
3363:
3361:
3357:
3354:
3350:
3347:
3344:
3340:
3337:
3334:
3330:
3326:
3323:
3320:
3316:
3312:
3311:
3307:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3299:
3298:
3295:
3287:
3283:
3282:
3278:
3276:
3272:
3271:
3267:
3266:
3265:
3259:
3255:
3252:
3249:
3246:
3243:
3242:
3238:
3235:
3231:
3230:
3226:
3223:
3219:
3215:
3214:
3210:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3196:
3193:
3189:
3185:
3181:
3178:
3175:
3171:
3167:
3163:
3162:
3158:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3150:
3145:
3143:
3139:
3135:
3131:
3123:
3121:
3119:
3115:
3107:
3105:
3103:
3099:
3095:
3094:
3093:PalÀstinalied
3089:
3085:
3081:
3077:
3073:
3068:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3037:
3035:
3031:
3029:
3025:
3020:
3016:
3011:
3007:
3003:
3000:
2995:
2993:
2989:
2984:
2980:
2978:
2974:
2968:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2953:
2951:
2947:
2943:
2939:
2935:
2930:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2904:
2899:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2882:
2874:
2872:
2870:
2866:
2861:
2859:
2855:
2851:
2846:
2844:
2839:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2825:
2817:
2815:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2800:
2796:
2794:
2790:
2785:
2783:
2780:downriver to
2779:
2773:
2771:
2765:
2757:
2755:
2753:
2749:
2744:
2742:
2738:
2733:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2707:
2703:
2699:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2671:
2664:
2662:
2660:
2656:
2651:
2645:
2643:
2639:
2635:
2631:
2625:
2623:
2622:
2617:
2613:
2609:
2603:
2601:
2596:
2592:
2587:
2585:
2579:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2541:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2520:
2518:
2514:
2512:
2508:
2506:
2502:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2485:
2476:
2471:
2470:
2465:
2464:Matthew Paris
2461:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2428:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2372:
2370:
2364:
2362:
2358:
2353:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2334:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2295:
2293:
2289:
2283:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2268:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2204:
2200:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2159:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2106:
2104:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2086:
2081:
2079:
2075:
2074:Civitavecchia
2071:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2054:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2027:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2009:
2007:
2006:
2000:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1981:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1940:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1925:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1910:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1891:First Crusade
1887:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1859:
1857:
1853:
1852:
1843:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1810:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1795:John Lackland
1792:
1788:
1783:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1762:of 1212. The
1761:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1741:
1739:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1724:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1641:
1639:
1636:, brother of
1635:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1610:Fifth Crusade
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1526:
1525:
1524:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1502:
1501:
1500:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1482:3rd Jerusalem
1480:
1478:
1475:
1474:
1473:
1472:
1471:and aftermath
1470:
1469:Sixth Crusade
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1438:
1437:
1436:
1435:Fifth Crusade
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1414:
1413:
1412:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1395:
1394:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1364:
1363:
1362:
1361:
1360:Third Crusade
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1318:2nd Jerusalem
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1184:
1183:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1156:2nd Dorylaeum
1154:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1147:
1146:
1145:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
969:
968:
967:
961:
958:
956:
955:1st Jerusalem
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
925:1st Dorylaeum
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
907:
906:
905:
904:First Crusade
899:
893:
889:
881:
876:
874:
869:
867:
862:
861:
858:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
812:
809:
804:
803:Fifth Crusade
796:
791:
789:
784:
782:
777:
776:
773:
763:
761:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
731:
730:
729:
727:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
681:
680:
679:
677:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
629:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
616:
615:
614:
612:
603:
600:
598:
595:
593:
590:
588:
585:
583:
580:
578:
575:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
554:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
522:
520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
494:
493:
492:
490:
483:
480:
478:
477:Lord Edward's
475:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
460:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
438:
435:
433:
430:
428:
425:
423:
420:
418:
415:
413:
410:
408:
405:
403:
400:
398:
395:
394:
393:
392:
386:
383:
381:
378:
376:
373:
371:
368:
367:
366:
361:
356:
348:
343:
341:
336:
334:
329:
328:
325:
316:
313:
312:
307:
303:
300:
299:
294:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
274:
270:
268:
266:
260:
256:
252:
248:
246:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
193:
192:
187:
182:
181:
177:
176:
175:
174:
170:
166:
163:
161:
158:
156:
153:
152:
151:
150:
144:
141:
139:
136:
134:
131:
130:
129:
128:
122:
119:
117:
114:
112:
109:
107:
106:
102:
101:
100:
99:
95:
94:
89:
81:
78:
77:
73:
69:
65:
62:
61:
57:
54:
53:
49:
46:
40:
35:
32:
27:
24:Fifth Crusade
22:
6386:1217 in Asia
6333:
6320:
6311:
6298:
6288:
6259:
6255:
6241:
6216:
6195:
6171:
6147:
6136:
6112:
6098:
6087:
6076:
6052:
6038:
6025:
6005:
5984:
5973:
5960:
5932:
5915:. ABC-CLIO.
5911:
5890:
5879:
5866:
5856:
5832:
5807:
5786:
5775:
5746:
5725:
5714:
5700:
5689:
5675:
5654:
5638:The Aiyƫbids
5637:
5620:
5599:
5588:
5566:
5563:
5543:
5532:
5522:The Crusades
5521:
5508:
5484:
5474:
5454:
5440:
5419:
5395:
5385:
5376:
5367:The Crusades
5366:
5342:
5331:
5307:
5295:Bibliography
5285:
5281:
5272:
5260:
5228:
5220:
5216:
5207:
5199:
5195:
5186:
5174:
5166:
5157:
5150:Reinaud 1826
5145:
5137:
5133:
5124:
5116:
5112:
5103:
5091:
5083:
5079:
5070:
5058:
5049:
5043:
5034:
5028:
5021:Coureas 2017
5016:
5003:
4994:
4984:
4971:
4962:
4956:
4944:
4931:
4924:Le Moyen Age
4923:
4917:
4911:
4898:
4888:
4884:
4880:
4864:
4855:
4845:
4833:
4824:
4818:
4809:
4803:
4791:
4783:
4779:
4770:
4758:
4745:
4733:
4726:Donovan 1950
4721:
4709:
4702:Tyerman 2006
4697:
4690:Maalouf 2006
4685:
4673:
4666:Coureas 2017
4661:
4649:
4641:
4636:
4624:
4616:
4612:
4609:Prester John
4603:
4596:Tyerman 2006
4591:
4579:
4557:Jackson 2002
4552:
4540:
4528:
4516:
4504:
4492:
4480:
4468:
4456:
4444:
4432:
4420:
4408:
4396:
4384:
4372:
4360:
4352:
4348:
4339:
4327:
4320:Tyerman 2006
4315:
4303:
4291:
4279:
4267:
4255:
4243:
4236:Tyerman 2006
4231:
4224:Tyerman 1996
4219:
4207:
4180:
4168:
4156:
4144:
4137:Maalouf 2006
4132:
4120:
4112:
4094:Tyerman 2006
4089:
4077:
4065:
4053:
4041:
4029:
4017:
4005:
3993:
3981:
3969:
3961:
3956:
3949:Richard 1999
3929:
3917:
3890:
3882:
3874:
3862:
3835:
3823:
3811:
3799:
3787:
3776:Barroca 2006
3771:
3759:
3747:
3735:
3728:Reinaud 1826
3723:
3715:
3709:
3699:
3691:
3687:
3675:
3668:Longnon 1978
3663:
3651:
3638:
3626:
3614:
3602:
3594:
3585:
3578:Tyerman 2006
3573:
3564:
3555:
3543:
3531:
3523:
3518:
3511:Michaud 1881
3491:
3482:
3473:
3459:
3441:
3436:
3433:
3425:
3413:
3405:
3399:
3392:
3388:
3385:
3381:
3373:
3367:
3358:
3348:
3338:
3328:
3324:
3314:
3309:
3301:
3296:
3293:
3290:
3279:
3268:
3263:
3253:
3247:
3239:
3227:
3211:
3205:
3200:by Cardinal
3197:
3187:
3183:
3179:
3160:
3148:
3146:
3127:
3111:
3108:Participants
3091:
3087:
3083:
3069:
3061:Frederick II
3041:
3032:
3012:
3008:
3004:
2996:
2985:
2981:
2977:Genghis Khan
2973:Prester John
2969:
2954:
2931:
2927:Khwarazmians
2900:
2884:
2862:
2847:
2840:
2821:
2801:
2797:
2793:Lake Manzala
2786:
2774:
2767:
2745:
2734:
2695:
2646:
2626:
2619:
2604:
2588:
2580:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2524:
2515:
2509:
2504:
2496:
2489:
2483:
2480:
2467:
2432:
2429:
2410:
2373:
2365:
2354:
2350:Jacob's Ford
2335:
2296:
2284:
2269:
2234:
2196:
2179:Dayfa Khatun
2160:
2152:al-Qualai'ah
2132:
2110:
2082:
2055:
2028:
2013:
2001:
1985:Elias Cairel
1982:
1964:
1941:
1929:Honorius III
1926:
1911:
1888:
1860:
1855:
1849:
1847:
1838:
1834:
1830:Bohemond III
1811:
1784:
1748:Innocent III
1745:
1725:
1721:Frederick II
1713:Hospitallers
1704:
1701:papal legate
1649:Innocent III
1642:
1609:
1607:
1521:
1520:
1516:2nd Fariskur
1511:2nd Mansurah
1506:3rd Damietta
1497:
1496:
1467:
1466:
1462:1st Mansurah
1457:1st Fariskur
1452:2nd Damietta
1434:
1433:
1432:
1409:
1408:
1392:
1391:
1358:
1357:
1273:Jacob's Ford
1238:1st Damietta
1181:
1180:
1171:Mount Cadmus
1142:
1141:
992:2nd Heraclea
987:1st Heraclea
965:
964:
902:
802:
758:
724:
723:
674:
673:
609:
608:
552:Holy Leagues
487:
486:
441:
390:
389:
364:
271:
264:
244:
178:
172:
171:
148:
147:
143:Latin Empire
126:
125:
103:
97:
96:
91:Belligerents
29:Part of the
5119:. New York.
5096:Fuller 1639
4937:Wilson 2021
4935:Edition in
4887:Part II of
4533:Fulton 2018
4509:Furber 1969
4185:Archer 1904
4173:Fulton 2018
4058:Fulton 2018
3792:Wilson 2021
3752:Powell 2006
3740:Fulton 2018
3607:Powell 1986
3548:Barker 1923
3536:Archer 1904
3100:written in
2938:al-Mu'azzam
2741:Bonaventure
2576:al-Mu'azzam
2445:al-Mu'azzam
2357:Mount Tabor
2272:al-Mu'azzam
2140:Mount Tabor
1820:. In 1212,
1699:arrived as
1585:3rd Tripoli
1565:2nd Tripoli
1550:2nd Antioch
1492:3rd Ascalon
1442:Mount Tabor
1372:Philomelion
1233:2nd Bilbeis
1223:1st Bilbeis
1198:2nd Ascalon
1132:Edessa 1146
1127:Edessa 1144
1122:2nd Shaizar
1047:Al-Sannabra
1042:1st Shaizar
1007:1st Tripoli
960:1st Ascalon
940:2nd Antioch
930:1st Antioch
894:(1096â1303)
820:Mount Tabor
760:Reconquista
709:Despenser's
684:Albigensian
512:Alexandrian
282:Al-Mu'azzam
6350:Categories
6305:. Iacobus.
6258:29 Issue 1
6206:0226820122
5843:0521452465
5765:0415393124
5318:0195080408
5053:. Genevae.
4796:Mylod 2017
4763:Mylod 2017
4629:Mylod 2017
4485:Perry 2013
4413:Tolan 2009
4401:Tolan 2009
4389:Moses 2009
4365:Maier 1998
4332:Slack 2013
4296:Moses 2009
4260:Cahen 2012
3867:Cahen 1968
3828:Cahen 1969
3656:Slack 2013
3631:Perry 2013
3496:Wolff 1969
3483:erenow.org
3466:References
3430:George Cox
3428:Historian
3420:), as did
3353:Al-Makrizi
3343:Abuâl-Fida
3254:Chronicon,
3188:Epistolae,
3065:True Cross
3024:True Cross
2879:See also:
2810:. Templar
2762:See also:
2710:mendicants
2307:'Ain Jalud
2203:BĂ©la III's
1907:indulgence
1851:Quia maior
1742:Background
1663:, titular
1343:Al-Shughur
1268:Marj Ayyun
1253:Montgisard
1248:Alexandria
1203:Lake Huleh
1117:2nd Aleppo
1092:al-Atharib
1077:1st Aleppo
910:Xerigordos
762:(722â1492)
739:Children's
659:Lithuanian
301:32,000 men
98:Crusaders:
6291:: 67â149.
6276:165784582
5335:. Putnam.
4753:" (2016).
3998:Koch 1885
3855:Gibb 1969
3682:(1910). "
3333:AbĆ« ShÄma
3297:croisades
3222:Friesland
3038:Aftermath
2988:Sharamsah
2907:al-Ashraf
2621:carroccio
2544:King John
2361:Mashghara
2187:al-Ashraf
2163:Kaykaus I
2016:Dartmouth
1946:. Bishop
1768:Baldwin I
1746:By 1212,
1622:Holy Land
1618:Jerusalem
1530:2nd Arsuf
1447:Machghara
1399:2nd Jaffa
1387:1st Jaffa
1382:1st Arsuf
1308:2nd Kerak
1298:1st Kerak
1228:al-Babein
1213:al-Buqaia
1107:Qinnasrin
1097:Rafaniyya
1022:3rd Ramla
1002:2nd Ramla
997:1st Ramla
825:Machghara
694:Stedinger
542:Nicopolis
507:Smyrniote
502:Aragonese
407:Norwegian
286:Al-Ashraf
6331:(1969).
6193:(1996).
6169:(2009).
6134:(1969).
6110:(1954).
6074:(1884).
6050:(1999).
6036:(1826).
5971:(1907).
5961:Mansurah
5877:(1820).
5854:(1881).
5712:(1894).
5687:(2002).
5676:Ayyubids
5652:(1977).
5635:(1969).
5586:(1639).
5519:(1891).
5455:Ayyƫbids
5417:(1968).
5386:Damietta
5377:Portugal
5364:(1923).
5329:(1904).
5305:(1992).
5246:cite web
5213:Crusades
5192:Crusades
5179:Cox 1891
5011:. Paris.
4871:(1849).
3986:Roy 1853
3964:, p. 210
3437:Crusades
3224:to Acre.
3218:Frisians
3172:and the
3057:Pelagius
2957:Mansurah
2942:Caesarea
2919:al-Nasir
2782:Mansurah
2778:Fariskur
2682:al-Kamil
2600:Fariskur
2591:al-Karak
2460:Damietta
2441:al-Kamil
2380:Caesarea
2305:towards
2299:Tel Afek
2288:Al-Kamil
2280:Damietta
2183:al-Afdal
2146:or with
1899:Brindisi
1807:Almohads
1803:Henry II
1732:Al-Kamil
1709:Templars
1705:de facto
1614:Crusades
1590:4th Acre
1535:Caesarea
1367:3rd Acre
1333:Laodicea
1323:3rd Tyre
1278:2nd Acre
1176:Damascus
1012:1st Acre
982:Mersivan
977:Melitene
935:Samosata
888:Crusades
845:Mansurah
840:Limassol
835:Fariskur
830:Damietta
704:Bohemian
689:Drenther
654:Prussian
649:Livonian
628:Swedish
611:Northern
521:Barbary
517:Savoyard
412:Venetian
355:Crusades
296:Strength
278:Al-Kamil
180:Ayyubids
63:Location
31:Crusades
5867:Georgia
5690:Mongols
3432:in his
3424:in his
3072:Occitan
2720:caliph
2718:Almohad
2628:leader
2540:Richard
2505:maremme
2497:maremme
2400:Frisian
2396:Flemish
2325:, near
2259:of the
2156:Tripoli
2135:Rosetta
2116:al-Adil
2112:Saladin
2035:Almohad
1978:Otto IV
1903:Messina
1880:Limoges
1685:Frisian
1681:Flemish
1638:Saladin
1634:al-Adil
1630:Ayyubid
1377:Iconium
1348:Bourzey
1303:Cresson
1293:Al-Fule
1283:Red Sea
1208:Butaiha
1161:Ephesus
1102:Antioch
945:Ma'arra
915:Civetot
726:Popular
714:Hussite
699:Bosnian
664:Russian
624:Wendish
467:Catalan
457:Seventh
452:Barons'
317:Unknown
304:Unknown
273:Al-Adil
265:†
245:†
127:Levant:
6274:
6228:
6203:
6179:
6155:
6120:
6060:
6013:
5992:
5948:
5919:
5898:
5840:
5819:
5794:
5762:
5733:
5662:
5607:
5572:
5551:
5492:
5462:
5427:
5403:
5350:
5315:
5165:". In
5111:". In
5078:". In
3707:". In
3593:". In
3384:(1879)
3186:) and
3170:Ernoul
3034:over.
2934:Burlus
2911:Sinjar
2789:Tinnis
2686:fresco
2536:Oliver
2534:, and
2344:, the
2327:Shiloh
2323:Lubban
2311:Beisan
2276:Nablus
2237:Cyprus
2208:Zagreb
2165:, the
2128:Aleppo
1937:Epirus
1884:Bayeux
1580:Margat
1487:Forbie
1338:Sahyun
1313:Hattin
1263:Banias
1193:Aintab
1112:Ba'rin
1072:Yibneh
1052:Sarmin
1032:Beirut
1017:Harran
920:Nicaea
892:Levant
619:Kalmar
472:Eighth
437:Fourth
422:Second
261:
241:
79:Result
6381:1220s
6376:1210s
6338:(PDF)
6303:(PDF)
6272:S2CID
6246:(PDF)
5642:(PDF)
5625:(PDF)
5445:(PDF)
5238:(PDF)
3712:(ADB)
3317:, by
3074:poet
2433:jihad
2392:Dutch
2319:Ajlun
2220:Split
2070:Ibiza
2066:CĂĄdiz
1677:Dutch
1669:Syria
1626:Egypt
1545:Safed
1540:Haifa
1404:Toron
1353:Safed
1218:Harim
1137:Bosra
1037:Sidon
1027:Artah
972:Arsuf
669:Tatar
547:Varna
447:Sixth
442:Fifth
427:Third
397:First
314:Heavy
72:Egypt
68:Syria
6226:ISBN
6201:ISBN
6177:ISBN
6153:ISBN
6118:ISBN
6058:ISBN
6011:ISBN
5990:ISBN
5946:ISBN
5917:ISBN
5896:ISBN
5838:ISBN
5817:ISBN
5792:ISBN
5760:ISBN
5731:ISBN
5660:ISBN
5605:ISBN
5570:ISBN
5549:ISBN
5490:ISBN
5460:ISBN
5425:ISBN
5401:ISBN
5348:ISBN
5313:ISBN
5252:link
3128:The
3116:and
2676:and
2593:and
2538:and
2490:The
2443:and
2423:and
2398:and
2315:Nain
2241:Acre
2214:and
2068:and
2062:Rota
2058:Faro
2049:and
1920:and
1901:and
1882:and
1715:and
1703:and
1693:Acre
1683:and
1655:and
1608:The
1595:Ruad
1575:Homs
1477:Gaza
1418:Zara
1258:Hama
1243:Ayla
1188:Inab
1082:Azaz
950:Arqa
642:1293
637:1249
632:1150
602:1717
597:1684
592:1594
587:1571
582:1538
577:1535
572:1526
567:1511
562:1495
557:1332
535:1399
530:1398
525:1390
462:1267
432:1197
417:1129
402:1101
70:and
55:Date
43:The
6264:doi
5938:doi
5752:doi
5132:".
4922:",
4617:12.
3716:24.
3434:The
3284:by
3273:by
3256:by
2688:by
1062:Hab
6352::
6287:.
6270:.
6224:.
6220:.
5944:.
5815:.
5811:.
5758:.
5507:.
5284:.
5248:}}
5244:{{
5219:.
5198:.
5138:23
5136:.
5117:10
5115:.
5084:20
5082:.
4993:.
4854:.
4782:.
4778:.
4615:.
4564:^
4351:.
4192:^
4101:^
3941:^
3902:^
3881::
3847:^
3714:.
3690:.
3563:.
3503:^
3481:.
3408:.
3300:,
3120:.
2795:.
2661:.
2586:.
2554:.
2472:).
2419:,
2394:,
2333:.
2064:,
2060:,
2026:.
1711:,
1679:,
1647:,
1640:.
6278:.
6266::
6234:.
6209:.
6185:.
6161:.
6126:.
6066:.
6019:.
5998:.
5954:.
5940::
5925:.
5904:.
5846:.
5825:.
5800:.
5768:.
5754::
5739:.
5668:.
5613:.
5578:.
5557:.
5498:.
5468:.
5433:.
5409:.
5356:.
5321:.
5286:4
5254:)
5240:.
5221:7
5200:4
4997:.
4939:.
4858:.
4812:.
4784:4
4353:6
3692:8
3589:"
3485:.
3362:,
3355:.
3345:.
3335:.
3260:.
3204:(
3194:.
3182:(
3176:.
2692:.
879:e
872:t
865:v
794:e
787:t
780:v
346:e
339:t
332:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
