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In this depiction of a countermarch method for crossbows, each circle constitutes one soldier. The top line faces the enemy and is labeled "shooting crossbows" (發弩). Below that line are shorter lines of crossbowmen, two horizontal rows on the right and two on the left, which are labeled "loading
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crossbows" (張弩). The vertical lines within the rectangle, toward the bottom, four circles on the left and four on the right, are labeled "drums." From Li Quan 李筌, Shen ji zhi di tai bai yin jing 神機制敵太白陰經, Originally written ca. 759 CE.
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759 Tang dynasty volley fire crossbow formation.jpg
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759_Tang_dynasty_volley_fire_crossbow_formation.jpg
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782:劉大榕
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