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vessels, how-ever brief, would be complete withouta reference to the system designedand patented by Mr. Isherwood, andknown as the
Isherwood system.Figs. 9, 10 and n show midshipsection, bulkheads, profile and deckplans, with scantlings, for a vesselof dimensions 414 X 54 9 X32 9. The system of constructionis easy to follow. The transverseframework of the vessel consists ofthe oil-tank bulkheads and a seriesof strong transverse webs, two ofthe latter being fitted in each oiltank. The shell plating is supportedby a series of longitudinal girders ofbulb angle, channel, or built section,which are continued through thetransverse webs and cut at the bulk-heads and bracketed to them. Thisprinciple is
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extending continuouslythrough the same. Precautions arealso necessary at the end of thiserection. The bulwark should beproperly stiffened, and a sufficientlylong doubling plate should be fitted,extending beyond the fore and afterends of the bridge. It need hardlybe said that the web frame system iscontinued tnroughout, and that properarrangements are made in coffer-dams, etc., for maintaining, in thesespaces, the strength of stringers, deckplating, centre line bulkhead andsides of expansion trunk, etc. A statement of general applicationhas been made in the foregoing tothe effect that no very fundamentalchange has taken place in the con-struction of oil-tank steamers during 746 CASSIERS MAGAZINE
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OIL-CARRYING VESSELS 747 recent years, the changes that havetaken place being due more to the ex-pansion of size of the vessels than toany definite attempt to model con-struction on new methods. To thatstatement, however, there is onestriking exception, and no discussionof the structure of oil
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t per-sistent failure of the riveting at the extreme edge of the bracket wasobviated by this simple expedient—an expedient, it may be added,now almost universally adopted. Theshort bridge, again, for the same rea-son, should be a separate erection,built on the main structure, the gun-wale bar
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