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hammering the finger-ends are thereported methods. Still, nothing of the kind was inffictedon these men (save that one of them, the lad
Tirlamazian,was flogged), though it was of course known that they hada good deal of important information to give. During theirstay in Van jail, they had nothing worse than most un-comfortable detention to complain of ; though confinementin a foul cell, swarming with vermin, may become a veryfair imitation of torture after a few hours, particularly ifthe prisoner is chained so that he cannot scratch ! Orders were sent, we believe, for the forwarding of atleast the chief of the Tashnakists, Aram, to Constantinople,under strong guard. Once in the clutches of Abdul Hamid
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a tiny cruciform loophole at the west end, so that the interior is almost pitch dark. No. 11 AN AMAZING SUBVERSAL 257 his fate would have been a grim one indeed. But beforethe decree was executed, a marvellous transformation tookplace. This was nothing less than the
Turkish Revolutionof 1908, with its consequent amnesty for all politicaloffences. All proceedings were dropped, and the prisonersemerged to be greeted as national heroes after their con-finement. Very soon, however, the real problem of the relations ofthe Armenian and Ottoman began to come up again in aslightly different form. The Young Turk ideal was an Ottoman Empire ; withequal rights no doubt for all who were content to be
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CHURCH OF MAR SHALITHA, QUDSHANIS. The larger arch opens into the
Sanctuary, the veil of which is never withdrawnexcept for the celebration of Qnrbana. The smaller opens into the Sacristy, whereis also the font. Ex voto offerings of aromatic herbs hang from the tie beams;and the Church is lit only by
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in turn, in the bight of a rope,to where his comrades were waiting for them above ground.They were taken to the town prison, of course, and confinedthere. Grim tales are told of torture in such places, when it isneedful to extract information from the prisoner ; anddeprival of sleep and
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