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Mexico; FSBC I 32570. Acanthochitona avicula, A. pygmaea and A. venezuelana join A. asterigera, A. hirudiniformis, and A. lineata and A. hemphilli, A. rhodea, and A. ferreirai as groups with one eastern
Pacific and two western Atlantic species. Although specimens of A. venezuelana have been seen only from Margarita Island, the species probably has a wider distribu- tion across the Caribbean coast of South America and could replace A. pygmaea in that region. Dautzenberg (1900) reported a curled specimen (2.5 x 2.5 mm) of A. pygmaea dredged from 11 m at Los Testigos very near Isla Margarita, and Leloup (1941) reported a curled specimen (3 x 2.5 mm) of A. pygmaea dredged from 12-15 fm (22-27 m) off Cabo la Vela, Colombia; a specimen from Florida, not the southern Carib- bean, was illustrated by Leloup (his fig. 2, reproduced as figs. 82-84 by Kaas, 1972). Kaas (1972) reported no specimens of A. pygmaea from farther south than St. Barts, Saba, and St. Eustatius, and I have seen no A pygmaea from any area south of Saba Bank. Thus, it is possible that specimens reported by Dautzenberg and by Leloup as A. pygmaea could have been A. venezuelana. ETYMOLOGY: Named for Venezuela, the Caribbean nation where the specimens were collected. Acanthochitona roseojugum Lyons, sp. nov. Figs. 82-92 Acanthochitona pygmaea, Lyons, 1981: 36 (pars, DryTortugas sta. 2 only) (non A. pygmaea (Pilsbry, 1893)). TYPE MATERIAL: HOLOTYPE: Length 12.2 mm, width 6.0 mm, Bartlett Hill, Eight Mile Rock, Grand Bahama Island, 0-0.5 m, 29 Aug 1984, W. G. Lyons, collector, USNM 859316. PARATYPES: FLORIDA: 4 spec, 8.1-8.7 mm, Bird Key Reef, Dry Tortugas, 0.5-1.0 m, 4 Oct 1979, FSBC I 32535. —1 spec, 6.4 mm, Florida Middle Ground, 28°35.0'N, 84°14.9*W, 31 m, 19 May 1977, FSBC I 24598. —1 spec, 10.6 mm, Peanut Id., Palm Beach Inlet, 0-1 m, 29 Aug 1982, FSBC I 32536. BAHAMAS: 4 spec, 10.0-12.2 mm (2 curled), collected with holotype, ANSP A12124 (1), RMNH 55989 (1), FSBC I 32537 (2). —1 spec, 12.4 mm, Caravel Beach, Freeport, Grand Bahama, 1 m, 30 Aug 1984, FSBC I 32538. OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: FLORIDA: 1 valve, Florida Mid- dle Ground, 28°38.1'N, 84°16.3'W, bottom sediments, 28.6 m, 21 May 1977, FSBC I 32533. —8 valves, Florida Middle Ground, 28°35'N, 84°18'W, bottom sediments, 25.6-38.1 m, 7 Mar 1976, FSBC I 32532. BAHAMAS: 4 valves, Gibson Cay, Andros, beach drift, 2 Sept 1971, FSBC I 32531. HONDURAS: 1 spec, 16.2 mm, Utila Id., June 1987, Sunderland collection. TYPE LOCALITY: Bartlett Hill, Eight Mile Rock, Grand Bahama Island. DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Gulf of Mexico at Florida Middle Ground to Dry Tortugas, southeast Florida, the Bahama Islands, and Honduras; intertidal to 31 m. DESCRIPTION: Largest specimen 16.2 mm long, 8.3 mm wide including girdle; valves occupying 30-35% of total specimen width (Figs. 82-84); tegmentum variously white with brown flecks or pale pinkish white variegated with greenish black;
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Figs. 79, 80. Acanthochitona venezuelana Lyons, sp. nov. Fig. 79. Holotype, approximately 20.0 mm (curled), lateral view; Margarita Id., Venezuela; USNM 859317. Fig. 80. Holotype, dorsal view. Fig. 81. Acanthochitona avicula (Carpenter, 1864); entire specimen, 12.4 mm; Puertocitos, Baja
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