Knowledge (XXG)

File:Apatosaurus ajax skull.jpg

Source 📝

218: 43: 294: 224: 99: 168:
Barret, P.M., G.W. Storrs, M.T. Young & L.M. Witmer. 2011. A new skull of Apatosaurus and its taxonomic and palaeobiological implications. p. 5 in 59th Annual Symposium of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Comparative Anatomy, Abstracts of Presentations, Lyme Regis, Dorset, UK, September 12th-17th
172:
Sauropod dinosaurs were the largest terrestrial animals ever. They all have the same basic body plan: large body with four walking legs, very long neck & tail, and a small head relative to body size. Sauropods were herbivores, and are often perceived as holding their heads & necks up high
151:
This is one of the few Apatosaurus/Brontosaurus sauropod dinosaur skulls in existence. It is articulated with several anterior neck vertebrae, which verifies its generic identity. It's likely species ID is Apatosaurus ajax (see Barrett et al., 2011).
998: 265:– You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. 173:
to reach vegetation normally out of reach to other organisms. Modern reconstructions of many sauropod species depict them with heads and necks held close to the horizontal, or at low angles above the horizontal.
148:
Apatosaurus ajax Marsh, 1877 sauropod dinosaur skull from the Jurassic of Utah, USA (public display, CMC VP 7180, Cincinnati Museum of Natural History & Science, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA).
65: 61: 57: 53: 47: 110: 795: 673: 601: 565: 529: 78: 1321: 1195:
This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it.
636: 474: 1290: 927: 890: 853: 816: 761: 727: 657: 585: 513: 458: 430: 415: 402: 788: 693: 629: 614: 549: 487: 375: 358: 1102: 1198:
If the file has been modified from its original state, some details may not fully reflect the modified file.
1025:
The following pages on the English Knowledge (XXG) use this file (pages on other projects are not listed):
1369: 621: 234: 231: 1405: 1142: 943: 192:
Apatosaurus ajax sauropod dinosaur (Morrison Formation, Upper Jurassic; Emery County, Utah, USA) 1
118: 437: 1542: 1207: 422: 997: 992: 69: 42: 155:
Classification: Animalia, Chordata, Vertebrata, Dinosauria, Sauropodomorpha, Diplodocidae
306: 191: 312: 1497: 1387: 1224: 1029: 1008: 181: 105: 1552: 1507: 1253: 1447: 1034: 1217: 201: 1562: 1234: 301: 158:
Stratigraphy: Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation, Upper Jurassic
965:
Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.
317:
and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0.
93: 1062: 1162: 1132: 1122: 1112: 1092: 1082: 1072: 1052: 1152: 342:
Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents
1172: 307:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/15217790320
83:(2,721 × 1,851 pixels, file size: 2.23 MB, MIME type: 622:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/jsjgeology/15217790320/
1410:
Flash fired, strobe return light detected, auto mode
137: 117:
Commons is a freely licensed media file repository.
1182: 98: 217: 8: 272:https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 248:– to copy, distribute and transmit the work 1200: 1015:Transferred from Flickr via Flickr2commons 967: 423:https://www.flickr.com/people/47445767@N05 338: 1045:The following other wikis use this file: 777:bc178b2d154042a4bbce8e2d84a8ee5d3edabb94 566:Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic 1602: 1594: 1586: 1578: 1570: 1560: 1550: 1540: 1532: 1524: 1516: 1505: 1495: 1487: 1479: 1471: 1463: 1455: 1445: 1437: 1429: 1421: 1413: 1403: 1395: 1385: 1377: 1367: 1359: 1338: 1330: 1319: 1311: 1303: 1295: 1285: 1277: 1269: 1261: 1250: 1242: 1232: 1222: 1212: 1027: 941: 925: 904: 888: 867: 851: 830: 814: 775: 759: 741: 725: 707: 691: 671: 655: 599: 583: 563: 547: 527: 511: 472: 456: 389: 373: 356: 353: 334: 327: 309:. It was reviewed on 3 October 2014 by 1202: 7: 299:This image was originally posted to 288: 956: 223: 1193: 347: 341: 239: 214: 161:Locality: Emery County, Utah, USA 130: 76: 346: 278:Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 1244:Date and time of data generation 332: 292: 259:Under the following conditions: 230:This file is licensed under the 222: 216: 97: 31: 21: 1604:Date metadata was last modified 329: 14: 602:file available on the internet 328: 26: 1: 1476:A directly photographed image 1291:Adobe Photoshop CS2 Macintosh 36: 1431:DateTimeDigitized subseconds 1229:1/60 sec (0.016666666666667) 354:Items portrayed in this file 1423:DateTimeOriginal subseconds 1332:Date and time of digitizing 1059:Usage on ast.wikipedia.org 1624: 1580:Supported Flashpix version 1518:Focal length in 35 mm film 1460:One-chip color area sensor 1439:Supported Flashpix version 1179:Usage on www.wikidata.org 1169:Usage on uz.wikipedia.org 1159:Usage on tr.wikipedia.org 1149:Usage on sl.wikipedia.org 1139:Usage on ru.wikipedia.org 1129:Usage on ro.wikipedia.org 1119:Usage on pt.wikipedia.org 1109:Usage on nl.wikipedia.org 1099:Usage on mk.wikipedia.org 1089:Usage on it.wikipedia.org 1079:Usage on fr.wikipedia.org 1069:Usage on es.wikipedia.org 1049:Usage on af.wikipedia.org 143:Apatosaurus ajax skull.jpg 1340:Meaning of each component 1297:File change date and time 957: 16: 1607:11:38, 30 September 2014 1300:15:38, 30 September 2014 331: 104:This is a file from the 1481:Custom image processing 1014: 235:Attribution 2.0 Generic 197: 187: 180: 177: 140: 108:. Information from its 1572:Subject distance range 1361:Image compression mode 1335:14:55, 22 January 2010 1247:14:55, 22 January 2010 182:22 January 2010, 14:55 111:description page there 46:Size of this preview: 1379:Maximum land aperture 1271:Horizontal resolution 993:18:27, 1 October 2014 1468:Digital still camera 789:determination method 70:2,721 × 1,851 pixels 1415:DateTime subseconds 1305:Y and C positioning 1279:Vertical resolution 1204:Camera manufacturer 254:– to adapt the work 52:Other resolutions: 1526:Scene capture type 1502:Auto white balance 403:author name string 66:1,280 × 871 pixels 62:1,024 × 697 pixels 1611: 1610: 1208:NIKON CORPORATION 1041:Global file usage 1018: 550:copyright license 494:30 September 2014 340: 321: 320: 207: 206: 165:Reference cited: 126: 125: 106:Wikimedia Commons 32:Global file usage 1615: 1313:Exposure Program 1201: 1005: 928:‎Flickr photo ID 909: 872: 835: 798: 793: 639: 634: 624: 619: 615:described at URL 514:copyright status 495: 492: 488:publication date 440: 435: 425: 420: 410: 407: 325: 315: 296: 295: 289: 285: 282: 279: 276: 273: 232:Creative Commons 226: 225: 220: 219: 183: 144: 138: 122: 101: 100: 94: 88: 86: 73: 58:640 × 435 pixels 54:320 × 218 pixels 48:800 × 544 pixels 1623: 1622: 1618: 1617: 1616: 1614: 1613: 1612: 1189: 1039: 1026: 1019: 1011: 1003: 959: 958: 955: 954: 953: 952: 951: 950: 949: 948: 946: 934: 933: 932: 930: 919: 918: 917: 916: 915: 914: 913: 912: 910: 907: 897: 896: 895: 893: 882: 881: 880: 879: 878: 877: 876: 875: 873: 870: 860: 859: 858: 856: 845: 844: 843: 842: 841: 840: 839: 838: 836: 833: 823: 822: 821: 819: 808: 807: 806: 805: 804: 803: 802: 801: 800: 799: 794: 791: 782: 781: 780: 778: 768: 767: 766: 764: 753: 752: 751: 750: 749: 748: 747: 746: 744: 734: 733: 732: 730: 719: 718: 717: 716: 715: 714: 713: 712: 710: 709:22 January 2010 700: 699: 698: 696: 685: 684: 683: 682: 681: 680: 679: 678: 676: 664: 663: 662: 660: 649: 648: 647: 646: 645: 644: 643: 642: 641: 640: 635: 632: 626: 625: 620: 617: 608: 607: 606: 604: 592: 591: 590: 588: 577: 576: 575: 574: 573: 572: 571: 570: 568: 556: 555: 554: 552: 541: 540: 539: 538: 537: 536: 535: 534: 532: 520: 519: 518: 516: 505: 504: 503: 502: 501: 500: 499: 498: 497: 496: 493: 490: 481: 480: 479: 477: 465: 464: 463: 461: 450: 449: 448: 447: 446: 445: 444: 443: 442: 441: 436: 433: 427: 426: 421: 418: 412: 411: 408: 405: 396: 395: 394: 392: 382: 381: 380: 378: 367: 366: 365: 364: 363: 361: 345: 344: 343: 323: 311: 293: 287: 286: 283: 280: 277: 274: 271: 270: 238: 227: 213: 208: 142: 135: 128: 127: 116: 115: 114:is shown below. 90: 84: 82: 75: 74: 51: 12: 11: 5: 1621: 1619: 1609: 1608: 1605: 1601: 1600: 1597: 1593: 1592: 1589: 1585: 1584: 1581: 1577: 1576: 1573: 1569: 1568: 1565: 1559: 1558: 1555: 1549: 1548: 1545: 1539: 1538: 1535: 1531: 1530: 1527: 1523: 1522: 1519: 1515: 1514: 1511: 1504: 1503: 1500: 1494: 1493: 1490: 1486: 1485: 1484:Normal process 1482: 1478: 1477: 1474: 1470: 1469: 1466: 1462: 1461: 1458: 1457:Sensing method 1454: 1453: 1450: 1444: 1443: 1440: 1436: 1435: 1432: 1428: 1427: 1424: 1420: 1419: 1416: 1412: 1411: 1408: 1402: 1401: 1398: 1394: 1393: 1390: 1384: 1383: 1380: 1376: 1375: 1372: 1366: 1365: 1362: 1358: 1357: 1356: 1355: 1354:does not exist 1352: 1349: 1346: 1341: 1337: 1336: 1333: 1329: 1328: 1325: 1318: 1317: 1314: 1310: 1309: 1306: 1302: 1301: 1298: 1294: 1293: 1288: 1284: 1283: 1280: 1276: 1275: 1272: 1268: 1267: 1264: 1260: 1259: 1256: 1249: 1248: 1245: 1241: 1240: 1237: 1231: 1230: 1227: 1221: 1220: 1215: 1211: 1210: 1205: 1192: 1188: 1187: 1186: 1185: 1177: 1176: 1175: 1167: 1166: 1165: 1157: 1156: 1155: 1147: 1146: 1145: 1137: 1136: 1135: 1127: 1126: 1125: 1117: 1116: 1115: 1107: 1106: 1105: 1097: 1096: 1095: 1087: 1086: 1085: 1077: 1076: 1075: 1067: 1066: 1065: 1057: 1056: 1055: 1043: 1042: 1038: 1037: 1032: 1024: 1023: 1022: 1017: 1016: 1013: 1009: 1006: 1002:2,721 × 1,851 1000: 995: 990: 986: 985: 982: 979: 976: 973: 970: 963: 962: 947: 942: 940: 939: 938: 937: 936: 935: 931: 926: 924: 923: 922: 921: 920: 911: 905: 903: 902: 901: 900: 899: 898: 894: 889: 887: 886: 885: 884: 883: 874: 868: 866: 865: 864: 863: 862: 861: 857: 852: 850: 849: 848: 847: 846: 837: 831: 829: 828: 827: 826: 825: 824: 820: 815: 813: 812: 811: 810: 809: 787: 786: 785: 784: 783: 779: 776: 774: 773: 772: 771: 770: 769: 765: 760: 758: 757: 756: 755: 754: 745: 742: 740: 739: 738: 737: 736: 735: 731: 726: 724: 723: 722: 721: 720: 711: 708: 706: 705: 704: 703: 702: 701: 697: 692: 690: 689: 688: 687: 686: 677: 672: 670: 669: 668: 667: 666: 665: 661: 656: 654: 653: 652: 651: 650: 628: 627: 613: 612: 611: 610: 609: 605: 600: 598: 597: 596: 595: 594: 593: 589: 586:source of file 584: 582: 581: 580: 579: 578: 569: 564: 562: 561: 560: 559: 558: 557: 553: 548: 546: 545: 544: 543: 542: 533: 528: 526: 525: 524: 523: 522: 521: 517: 512: 510: 509: 508: 507: 506: 486: 485: 484: 483: 482: 478: 473: 471: 470: 469: 468: 467: 466: 462: 457: 455: 454: 453: 452: 451: 431:Flickr user ID 429: 428: 414: 413: 409:James St. John 401: 400: 399: 398: 397: 393: 390: 388: 387: 386: 385: 384: 383: 379: 374: 372: 371: 370: 369: 368: 362: 357: 355: 352: 351: 350: 349: 348: 337: 336: 333: 330: 324:3 October 2014 319: 318: 305:by jsj1771 at 297: 269: 268: 267: 266: 257: 256: 255: 249: 242:You are free: 229: 228: 215: 212: 209: 205: 204: 202:James St. John 199: 195: 194: 189: 185: 184: 179: 175: 174: 145: 136: 134: 131: 129: 124: 123: 102: 92: 91: 45: 41: 40: 39: 34: 29: 24: 19: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1620: 1606: 1603: 1598: 1595: 1590: 1587: 1582: 1579: 1574: 1571: 1566: 1564: 1561: 1556: 1554: 1551: 1546: 1544: 1541: 1536: 1534:Scene control 1533: 1528: 1525: 1520: 1517: 1512: 1509: 1506: 1501: 1499: 1498:White balance 1496: 1492:Auto exposure 1491: 1489:Exposure mode 1488: 1483: 1480: 1475: 1472: 1467: 1464: 1459: 1456: 1451: 1449: 1446: 1441: 1438: 1433: 1430: 1425: 1422: 1417: 1414: 1409: 1407: 1404: 1399: 1396: 1391: 1389: 1388:Metering mode 1386: 1381: 1378: 1373: 1371: 1370:Exposure bias 1368: 1363: 1360: 1353: 1350: 1347: 1344: 1343: 1342: 1339: 1334: 1331: 1326: 1323: 1320: 1315: 1312: 1307: 1304: 1299: 1296: 1292: 1289: 1287:Software used 1286: 1281: 1278: 1273: 1270: 1265: 1262: 1257: 1255: 1251: 1246: 1243: 1238: 1236: 1233: 1228: 1226: 1225:Exposure time 1223: 1219: 1216: 1213: 1209: 1206: 1203: 1199: 1196: 1190: 1184: 1181: 1180: 1178: 1174: 1171: 1170: 1168: 1164: 1161: 1160: 1158: 1154: 1151: 1150: 1148: 1144: 1141: 1140: 1138: 1134: 1131: 1130: 1128: 1124: 1121: 1120: 1118: 1114: 1111: 1110: 1108: 1104: 1101: 1100: 1098: 1094: 1091: 1090: 1088: 1084: 1081: 1080: 1078: 1074: 1071: 1070: 1068: 1064: 1061: 1060: 1058: 1054: 1051: 1050: 1048: 1047: 1046: 1040: 1036: 1033: 1031: 1030:Apatosaurinae 1028: 1020: 1012: 1007: 1001: 999: 996: 994: 991: 988: 987: 983: 980: 977: 974: 971: 969: 968: 966: 960: 945: 929: 892: 855: 818: 797: 790: 763: 729: 695: 675: 659: 658:captured with 638: 631: 623: 616: 603: 587: 567: 551: 531: 515: 489: 476: 460: 439: 432: 424: 417: 404: 377: 360: 326: 316: 314: 308: 304: 303: 298: 291: 290: 264: 261: 260: 258: 253: 250: 247: 244: 243: 241: 240: 236: 233: 221: 210: 203: 200: 196: 193: 190: 186: 176: 171: 170: 166: 163: 162: 159: 156: 153: 149: 146: 139: 132: 120: 113: 112: 107: 103: 96: 95: 89: 80: 79:Original file 71: 67: 63: 59: 55: 49: 44: 38: 35: 33: 30: 28: 25: 23: 20: 18: 15: 1596:Image height 1508:Digital zoom 1397:Light source 1382:4 APEX (f/4) 1254:focal length 1214:Camera model 1197: 1194: 1044: 964: 961:File history 459:published in 438:47445767@N05 322: 313:FlickreviewR 310: 300: 262: 251: 245: 167: 164: 160: 157: 154: 150: 147: 119:You can help 109: 77: 22:File history 1588:Image width 1465:File source 1448:Color space 1316:Not defined 1263:Orientation 1163:Apatosaurus 1133:Apatosaurus 1123:Apatosaurus 1113:Apatosaurus 1103:Апатосаурус 1093:Apatosaurus 1083:Apatosaurus 1073:Apatosaurus 1063:Apatosaurus 1053:Apatosaurus 1035:Apatosaurus 944:15217790320 530:copyrighted 263:attribution 141:Description 1553:Saturation 1473:Scene type 1218:NIKON D70s 1153:Apatozaver 1021:File usage 978:Dimensions 832:2,338,834 743:image/jpeg 728:media type 674:Nikon D70s 391:some value 275:CC BY 2.0 85:image/jpeg 27:File usage 1563:Sharpness 1173:Apotozavr 1143:Апатозавр 1004:(2.23 MB) 975:Thumbnail 972:Date/Time 817:data size 694:inception 211:Licensing 1599:1,851 px 1591:2,721 px 1543:Contrast 1529:Standard 1308:Co-sited 1235:F-number 1191:Metadata 1010:FunkMonk 762:checksum 630:operator 335:Captions 252:to remix 246:to share 237:license. 37:Metadata 1575:Unknown 1400:Unknown 1392:Pattern 1324:version 1282:300 dpi 1274:300 dpi 989:current 984:Comment 376:creator 359:depicts 339:English 133:Summary 81:‎ 1567:Normal 1557:Normal 1266:Normal 1183:Q14326 906:2,721 869:1,851 854:height 637:Flickr 475:Flickr 302:Flickr 198:Author 188:Source 169:2011. 1521:40 mm 1510:ratio 1406:Flash 1258:27 mm 1252:Lens 908:pixel 891:width 871:pixel 796:SHA-1 1547:Soft 1537:None 1452:sRGB 1327:2.21 1322:Exif 981:User 834:byte 284:true 281:true 178:Date 17:File 1239:f/4 416:URL 1434:10 1426:10 1418:10 1351:Cr 1348:Cb 792:: 633:: 618:: 491:: 434:: 419:: 406:: 68:| 64:| 60:| 56:| 50:. 1583:1 1513:1 1442:1 1374:0 1364:4 1345:Y 121:. 87:) 72:.

Index

File
File history
File usage
Global file usage
Metadata
File:Apatosaurus ajax skull.jpg
800 × 544 pixels
320 × 218 pixels
640 × 435 pixels
1,024 × 697 pixels
1,280 × 871 pixels
2,721 × 1,851 pixels
Original file
Wikimedia Commons
description page there
You can help
Apatosaurus ajax sauropod dinosaur (Morrison Formation, Upper Jurassic; Emery County, Utah, USA) 1
James St. John
Creative Commons
Attribution 2.0 Generic
Flickr
https://www.flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/15217790320
FlickreviewR
depicts
creator
author name string
URL
https://www.flickr.com/people/47445767@N05
Flickr user ID
47445767@N05

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.