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173:"According to the old copyright act, such production stills were not automatically copyrighted as part of the film and required separate copyrights as photographic stills. The new copyright act similarly excludes the production still from automatic copyright but gives the film's copyright owner a five-year period in which to copyright the stills. Most studios have never bothered to copyright these stills because they were happy to see them pass into the public domain, to be used by as many people in as many publications as possible." 479: 506: 38: 269: 86: 185:" expressed the opinion that it is not necessary for authors to request permission to reproduce frame enlargements... some trade presses that publish educational and scholarly film books also take the position that permission is not necessary for reproducing frame enlargements and publicity photographs." 491:
This tag is designed for use where there may be a need to assert that any enhancements (eg brightness, contrast, colour-matching, sharpening) are in themselves insufficiently creative to generate a new copyright. It can be used where it is unknown whether any enhancements have been made, as well as
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because it is a mere mechanical scan or photocopy of a public domain original, or – from the available evidence – is so similar to such a scan or photocopy that no copyright protection can be expected to arise. The original itself is in the public domain for the following reason:
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for US works, such as Canada (50 pma), Mainland China (50 pma, not Hong Kong or Macau), Germany (70 pma), Mexico (100 pma), Switzerland (70 pma), and other countries with individual treaties. See
181: 164:"There is a vast body of photographs, including but not limited to publicity stills, that have no notice as to who may have created them." 1100: 209: 497: 517: 52: 48: 42: 1195: 1158: 1121: 1066: 1032: 97: 1093: 1015: 65: 512:
Note: This tag applies to scans and photocopies only. For photographs of public domain originals taken from afar,
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when the enhancements are clear but insufficient. For known raw unenhanced scans you can use an appropriate
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taken and publicly distributed to promote the subject or a work relating to the subject.
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because it was published in the United States between 1978 and March 1, 1989 without a
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writes in the conclusion of a 1993 conference of cinema scholars and editors
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As stated by film production expert Eve Light Honathaner in
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Kristin Thompson, committee chairperson of the Society for
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Unless its author has been dead for several years, it is
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Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents
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File:Brian Wilson 1977.jpg
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