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A bundle of rays are incident on a lightfoil from the left. Through refraction and reflection, each ray imparts some momentum at every surface of the lightfoil. These discrete momentum transfers are shown in the form of surface normal forces - green lines. Summing the momentum imparted from every
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ray results in a total force from the center of mass with lifting and scattering components and a total torque - shown here as inducing clockwise rotation. This specific case is for a lightfoil in the shape of a semi-circular rod oriented with an angle of attack, alpha, of about 10°.
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